The Lancaster ledger. (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, September 08, 1852, Image 2
vSi5 tlje ICnst ftinilo.
From /Ac Daily Banner.
Most Destructive Freehet.
We have to record one of the most destructive
freshets with which we have ever
been visited. The Congaree attained
a height, on Sunday last, never equalled
in the memory of "the oldest inhabitant."
It is estimated that it was fully live feet
higher than in the memorable freshet ot
1840. The 11 road River 11 ridge is, for
the most part, gone. The magnificent
llridge across the Congaree, near our
town, was in imminent danger, owing to
the immense volume of water, and the
vast accumulation of driftwood die.,rushing
furiously against it, but it has thus far
happily escaped. The * timbers of the
11 road River llridge struck with great
force against the Western end and it was
feared that the pressure would be too great,
even for such a noble structure to withstand?but
is passed the fiery orde il safely
At the time we last visited the Congaree
Bridge, (12 o'clock vesterdav.l the
water was still as high as the flooring
though gradually receding. It had then
fallen about two feet. The water was still
running through l>r. F. \Y. Green's mills,
who we regret to say, will be a sufferer
from this disastrous flood.
The Saluda Bridge, we are happy to
say, is safe.
The destruction on the Greenville and
Columbia Hail Road between this and
Newberry, is very great, and it will require
some time and no inconsiderable expense
to repair the damage done. Ii was
rumored that the Hail Koad Bridge across
Broad River at Alston, had been swept
away, and there is still some doubt as to
its safety. That a great extent of the
trestle work between Columbia and Alston
has been materially injured or destroyed,
there is no doubt.
ah or tite low grounds on our rivers
have been covered, the destruction of crops
of cotton, corn, stock, tfce., is incalculable.
The loss of our Planters, not only on the
Congaree, but the Broad and Saluda, is
exceedingly great, and when we consider
that this has been the misfortune of many
of them for three successive years, the present.
disaster becomes one of apalling
magnitude.
AVe have, as yet, heard of no lives being
lost, though we heard of the very narrow
escape of many negroes in the swamps
and low grounds, so sudden was the rise
and rush of the Hood.
AVe are waiting, with much anxiety for
further particulars.
Since the above was written we have
learned that three spans of the Rail Road
Bridge across the river at Alston have
been swept away, leaving one at each
bank standing; that the Kail Road Bridge
across the Congaree on the South Carolina
Rail Road was carried away about 3
o'clock yesterday evening, just after the
passengers from Charleston had crossed it
on foot. AVe learn too, through some of
the passengers who came up from Charleston,
that Mr. Connor the 1'resident, had
received a telegraphic despatch from Augusta,
stating that the Savannah ltiver
was 8 feet higher than in the freshet of
1840, if this be true, Augusta must bo
partially under water, and Hamburg entirely
submerged.
Wo also hear that the bridge and much
of tho trestle work across the Watereo j
swamp, and the bridge across the river at
Camden, have been swept away.
This is unquestionably, by far the most
disastrous Hood with which this section of
country was ever visited. The accounts
of the injury and destruction of property
multiply every hour, until they have become
absolutely appalling. Several days
must elapse before we can ascertain the
extent of the damage done, and a still
longer time before the means of intercommunication
with Newberry, Lexington,
and Camden, can he re-established.
As we remarked yesterday, we abstained
from a publication of some of the painful
rumors which were in circulation, involving
the loss of life inasmuch as we
feared to inflict what might prove to l<e
unnecessary pain on surviving friends.?
We had particular reference to Col. W.
Spencer Brown, the Chief Engineer of
the Greenville and Columbia Railroad,
who, in company with two other men and
a boy, had been upset in Broad River, on
Monday evening, in a batteau. There remains
no longer a doubt that the little ]
hoy was drowned, for his remains were
recovered, brought to Columbia, and intered
yesterday. It. oains us to sav. too.
tliat the last hope for the safety of Col.
B., is almost extinguished. It seems that
Col. Brown accompanied by Mr. McColltnn
and his little son, (a lad 12 or 13
years old,) and Mr. Jefferson, started from
Alston in a batteau, on Monday evening,
to explore the River along tho Railroad,
with the view to ascertain the damage
dofte to the trestle work and bridges.?
Becoming wearied from working tho boat,
as wo learn Col. Brown proposed that
they should push out into the River where
there was a strong current, which would
carry them without any exertions on their
part. Tho experiment through considered
a dangerous one by some of the party,
was tried; but they had not been long in
tho current before tho boat was capsized.
It seems that Mr. Jefferson clung to the
boat, while tho others became detached
and endeavored to save themselves by
swiming. Mr. McCollum and his little son
swam for some time?when tho little fellow
bccamo exhausted, his father took
him on his back, from which he was soon
forced by a tree which struck him in floatinry
.lnnrn TKlo uraa ( lio loaf limn tlinf
the father saw his son nlivo.?Mr. McCollum,
finding it impossible to save his boy,
continued to swim until ho reached the
shore.
Mr. Jefferson whom ho left clinging to
the boat was carried down, until he ksavod
himself by climbing a tree, against which
the boat struck, and from which, after recovering
from liis exhaustion, he swam
ashore, distance 1 or 2 hundred yards.?
Whilst in tho tree, lie states, as we under
stand, that he saw some one swiining at
some distance in the river, whom he took
to bo Col. Brown. This was on Monday
evening.
Col. Brown being known to be a very
good swimer, and a man of extraordinary
self-possession, strong hopes hftfe been en-j
? ~ *
?
tcrtaincd that ho would save himself, but,
as wo remarked above, these hopes have
nearly expired. Should we hear anything
definite before our paper goes to press, we
will inform our reader.
The Disasters.
Wo take the following from the Edgefield
Advertiser of Wednesday:
"We have heard from several points
that the entire crop of the low grounds
(corn and cotton) has been from six to
eight feet under water. In one instance,
(that of Col. F. W. Pickens' plantation,!
it is stated 011 good authority that seven
hundred acres of corn and cotton have
been overflowed and arc supposed to bo
entirely destroyed. The same has doubtless
been the case with all the river plantations.
It is indeed a most trying calamity.
"The destruction upon tho Savannah
river has been, if possible, more terrible
than that upon the Saluda. Rumors are
rife of mills swept otf, crops devastated,
&e. We do not give them, however, as
they are not certainly authenticated.?
From Hamburg and Augusta tho accounts
are grievously shocking. Every square in
them has been completely submerged.?
From several of our townsmen, who have
just returned from these disastrous scenes,
we gat I ler that the like has never been witnessed
in those places before. It is ascertained
that three or four lives have been
lost; and it is seriously apprehended that
many have been lost in Augusta, especially
among those who resided in the low
buildings at the rear of the city. Such
was the distracting confusion however, up
to the time our informants left, that nothing
could be accurately ascertained.
The water was nearly two feet higher
than in the May Freshet of 1810. Almost
all articles in tho cellars and tirst
floors of our Hamburg Merchants, such
as Salt, Flour, Oil, Sugar, Molasses, Coffee,
llacon, Ac., have been completely destroyed,
and we suppose it is even worse iy
Augusta. Mr. Sipley's cellar (his store is
situated in the highest part of Hamburg,)
was the tirst place of deposit from which
the water receded. And it is said by
eyewitnesses, to have been tho most complete
lob-lolly; made up of various com*
pouent parts, every cask having burst as
far as discovered. An inch or two of the
surface was oil. We fear that the loss to
the Merchants of Hamburg and Augusta
will prove to be of the most ruinous kind,
unless they are fully insured against this
catastrophe. We learn also, that the
owners of brickyards have lost very largely.
In fact, the suffering among the entire
population is such as has seldom been
I ..r I
ivwiuui vi mi* iJinw*
The upper Bridge was entirely washed
away, and about one hundred feet of the
lower Bridge on the Augusta side. The
Toll House, in Augusta, fell on Monday
afternoon.
The water reached the second tloor of
many liouocS in Hamburg. A large nmount
of furniture which the alarmed
housekeepers were taking out to remove
to a safe point was swept, and lost, so
rapidly did the water rise in the streets,
when once the river banks were overflowed.
From Saturday until Monday evening,
there were persons, confined to the upper
stories of various buildings and having no
meanse of egress, who passed the entire
time without a mouthful to cat. And we
are told there is now much difficulty with
many in procuring a meal. Several of
the citizens of Edgefield from the neighboring
country were 011 Monday engaged
in cooking hv the quantity and sending
into the sufferers. And still there were
many who could not procure a sufficiency.
It is indeed a most heart rending calamity.
All who have looked upon the
confusion and distress connected with it,
speaks of it as beggaring description.
We take pleasure in recording the fact
that much of the discomfort of the citizens
of Hamburg was remedied by the
equal protection under this government, to
active exertions of Messrs. Andrew Hammond,
Robert Butler and others, who succeeded
in supplying many persons with
food and fresh water during the prevalance
^r it. - a. i- - a
ui me ircsueu
The last intelligence, before going to
l'rcss, is that the water had left the houses
and streets in a deplorable condition. The
streets of Augusta have been washed into
large holes at several points?the largest is
near the Globe Hotel.
Accoi'ntr of tiie Great Freshet.?
The Aroirer Courier, of Saturday, 28th
ult. says: For a week past we have had a
flood of rain, almost without cessation.?
On yesterday the rain fell in torrents, ,
which continued with great violence for
the space of 18 hours, causing much destruction
to the growing corn in and about ,
this place, and we fear in the adjoining
Districts.
The rivers and creekR in this vicinity
rose on the 27th to an unprecedented
height, flooding the low-lands and sweep
ing away every thing which might impede
their progress.
As far as our knowledge extends it is
the general impression that not less than
one-third of the corn crops will be destroyed.
We hope, however, that this maybe
an over estimate of what will be really
destroyed.
Keowee liiver is this morning twenty
feet above low wat*r mark.
The Result of the Freshet.?There
is r trite, but true, adage, that "things aro
never s.? bad but that they might bo
worse." On Monday last when we wrote
concerning the heavy freshot in our river,
our worst apprehensions were excited, and
wo feared that the crops would prove total
losses to our planters. We have reason
now to hope that matters will not be
quito so bad, although things are very
gloomy. Yet hope may beam through
our deepest gloom. Wo have heard that
a good deal of corn may yet lie saved,
and although the loss of tiie planters is
immense, the overwhelming crops in all
sections of the country will, it is hoped,
bring the price of corn down the ensuing
year.
The freshet lias proved the most disastrous
of any which we have had for twenty
yea rs. The plantations along our river I
have sustained great injury; the washing
* V *
p *
up of tho lauds, the falling of trees, dos
truction of fences, the ruin of tho crops
is n mournful s|>eeUicle to behold. Tlies
are things against which no human fort
sight can provide, and we should regar
them not with bitter feelings of complaini
but as sent from him whodoeth all thing
well, and in whose hands are tho destinic
of all men.?Camden Journal,
The Freshet in Nortii Carolina.?
We learn by the Yorkvilie Remedy c
the 1st inst., that in Lincolnton, N. C., a
most every mill and bridgo is washc
away, among them the new town bridg<
just completed last year, in placo of tn
one washed oil'in 1850?the suffering i
immense. In (laston county, the larg
new Cotton Factory of .Jasper Strow<
Esq., which st<H>d forth but yesterday
monument ofhis individual industry an<
enterprise, with all its extensive machinery
is swept clear awav. His loss must b
near &>0,000. Mr. Hose, at tlio llig
Shoals, has also suffered considerably
We had no mails from Lincolnton sine
Wednsday last. Wo have not undei
taken to enumerate the various mill
bridges, &c., of minor importance. On
own rail road and the Charlotte, hav
received no damage, but the work o
both is progressing?the York road wi
be in full operation before the repairs helo'
can bo made. It is doubtful wlieth<
freight can or will bo sent from Clmrlesto
for a month to come, but the York road
now in operation, and all goods sent b
it will be safely landed at onr Depot.Wo
wish this understood.? WYnsftoi
Da ifi/ Register.
Destructive Whirlwinds.?On Fr
day last, several terrific winds passe
through our 1 >istrict, laying to the cart
almost every thing in their course. \Y
understand that the largest and stoutei
trees were twisted off and rent asunder h
these singularly violent squalls or gale
whichever they may be termed. Froi
the accounts we have received, they woul
seem to have been, strictly speakinj
a combination of hurricane and whirlwim
At all events, they are said to have bee
most frightful in their appearance an
rapidly destructive effects. It affords ti
create pleasure to be able to state that, .1
far as heard from not a single life hs
been lost. And this really seems to L
a Providential interference when we thin
of the many houses w hich were blown t
the ground. Among the sufferers by tli
sudden and severe visitations, we ma
mention Messrs. Joel Curry, Freeiun
Koper, 1 toy no Ids, Felix Lake, Jaco
Kinright, Irving Kirksey and James Swci
gen, Sr., as the principle ones. Alino!
all of these citizens had the greater portio
of their out buildings of all kinds con
nletely prostrated. Gin-houses especia
ly seem not to have escaped in any it
stance. Many negro houses, barns Arc
were also blown down, and the chiinne>
generally gave way before the fury of tli
storm. The roof of Mr. Joel Curry's dwo
ling liouso (a large and strongly frame
building) was blown entirely oft'. TL
same was the case in several other instai
ces. The amount of damage to tli
crops of the above named gentleman, an
of various others, has been very conside
able. Fodder stacks, oat stacks, stra\
pens, Arc., were scattered far past recover
and much of their corn and cotton wei
seriously injured.
The past has indeed been a month <
startling occurrences. But a wise Frov
deuce orders every thing for the best an
we should endeavor to be contented undi
His scourges.?Edgefield Advertiser.
Tub Giikat Fkesiiet.?From the n<
counts which we publish and from privat
information we have received, the frcslu
of last week appears to have been genera
ami of the most disastrous kind. Tlii
being (lie cast', it will nearly, if not <|uit
ruin many of our best planters. Kculli
such an event may be regarded as i
calamity, second, in its consequences t
tlie devastations of the army-worm.
(>ne of our most wealthy plunters, 01
the Wateree, writes us that,
"Hundreds of acres of our Corn un<
Cotton, which but a few days since, bi<
fair to yield a rich and bountiful harvest
are now under water,?the sight of whicl
is enough to unnerve the stoutest heart
The water is higher than it has ever been
since 1 have planted on this river (sonr
12 or l,r> years) and Cod, only, know
what the result may be."? Winiubro Reg
istcr.
Negroes Afloat is Broad Hived
?Wo regret to learn that two negro mei
were seen drifting down witli the eurren
in the river near Alston on Monday last
who, most probably, ere this have beet
drowned. It is not known from wha
place they bad been swept off, as it wa
impossible for those on shore to communi
cafco with, or render them any assistance
Ibit/.
( !r?l II villi A Sun! O T Cmr llinl ull linmi
of Co). 1)rown's safety are gone. Mos
anxiously have all waited fortidingsof hi
escape from the destructive element A
sincerely wish that ho may bo restore
to his home made sad by his absenco
and to a community who respect, catoei:
and honor him. litit three, days an<
and nights have passed away, and n
reliable intelligence concerning him ha
reached us. l'artics composed of ou
best citizens have gone out in search <
him, but their efforts have been in vaii
Where he is, none of us know. Again;
our wishes, we are forced to think that h
no longer lives.
You will find in the Edgefield Adrei
titer of this week, an account of th
freshet in the Savannah. We can receiv
no mail nor telegraphic dispatches fron
Augusta or Hamburg; but person
from those places represent them as bein
in a nomDie condition, it is rumore
here, that one or two persons have bee
drowned in the Main or Broad street i
Augusta.
We Columbians are almost isolated a
present When the river falls so as t
render the roads passable, we will hear#t
the effects off this late freshet in the counts]
And I fear tbat more damage will b
done than we once thought of.
I understand that arrangements hav
been made to convey the Newberry an<
Camden mails by the laud route.?Cot
Daily Register.
y*
v %
' mi M - - - -I g^pearilp
fnm the Charleston Courier. .
S ONE WEEK LATER FROM EUROPE.
e
jI
Arrival of the Steam Ships America
i and Washington.
s Baltimore, September 1, 1852.
The U. S. mail steam ship Washington
arrived on Wednesday at Now York from
- Bremen and Southampton, bringing ad'f
vices from Europe to the 18th inst., four
'j days later than thoso received by tho Brit,
isli mail steam ship Asia. She brought
0 over 220 passenger. Sho also reports
is having spoken the propeller South Caro0
Una for Liverpool on tho 23d of August.
The British Mail steam ship America
j arrived at Halifax on Tuesday, night, but
f in consequence of an interruption having
o taken place in telegraphic communication,
' her advices wore not received in Baltimore
^ until Wednesday. Sho left Liverpool on
r. Saturday the 21st of August, and consca
qucntly brings three days later intelligence
ir than the Washington.
e Tho following is a summary of the news
|| brought by these arrivals:
kV The Liverpool Market.?A large busi>r
ness was transacted in Cotton in the early
n part of the week, with a great speculative
ls demand, and prices advanced an eighth.
On Wednesday, however, intelligence was
.v received from America which had a depressing
effect on the market; but on Friday,
the 20th ult., prices closed firm at an
i- advance of an eighth on those current at
d the sailing of the Asia, on the 14th ult.?
~ Thendvanee, however, was confined prin^
cipally to the Middling and lower qualities.
s, The sales on the 14th ult. arc representn
ed as having been 18,000 bales, on Mon^
day, the 16tli, 12,000, and on the 17th
'l' 8,000. What was done on Wednesday
? and Thursday is not stated, but the busid
ness must have been large. The sales on
is Friday were only 8,000 bales, of which
us speculators took 2,000, and the total transit
actions for the week comprised 01,700
k bales, of which speculators took 36,760,
o and exports 11,000 bales, leaving 44,000
e of all kinds to the trade.
The quotations were:?Fair Orleans 6|<1.;
J1 Middling Orleans 6{d.; Fair Uplands 6d.;
" Middling Uplands 5jd.; Fair Mobile 6d.;and
i- Middling Mobile 6}d.
Tho stock-at Liverpool,exclusive of what
n was on shipboard, comprised 640,000
J* bales, of which 603,000 were American.
' The weather had been favorable in Fngland
for arrrieidfurn! imrnrtaoe
- n r?.|.www.
Havkk Cotton Market.?The Circulars
of the 18th of August state the sales
of the week to have comprise* 1 11,500
bahn, of which speculators took 1500. The
stock of American Cotton at llavre exclusive
of that on Shipboard is placed at 7'2500
bales.
Gu&at Britain and Iret.anp.?Her Majesty
Queen Vidtorin, has returned to Osborne
from her marine excursion.
The NewfuuiHlland Fisheries question ex'
cites no further uneasiness, and the miniatere
rial papers state that the inattor will he amicably
adjusted,
of A French War-steamer has seized some
i- English fishing smacks for fishing within
id three miles of the const of France.
,r Advices from India state that there is every
reason to believe that the Burmese territory
will be annexed to the British possessions
in that country.
The Irish pot: to crop which had been nf ?
fee ted at an earlier period than usual this
*t year with the blight was improving.
(?. 1'. K. Jamf.h, Esq., the celebrated Krigis
lish Novelist, has been appointed by the Brite
ish Government as Consul to her Britannic
Majesty at Norfolk, Vn., in the place of Mr.
,t Waring, dee'd.
The steamer Magdalrna, had arrived at
Southampton, from the West Indies, with
eleven hundred thousand pounds of gold.
11 Advices from Australia to the middle of
M ay last, represent the yield of gold as being j
1 immense, and far exceeding that of Califor1
nin. The receipts within the past twelve
months arc said to have amounted to twenty
, millions.
France.?The President is said to be dangerously
ill.
c it m rumored mm another conspiracy to
s assassinate him, had been detected.
The jrrnnd/f/ea of the 15th ult., passed off
quietly in Paris.
The projected matrimonial alliance of
l Iawis Nai*oleon, with the Princess Caroline
u of WassA, it is believed, has been broken off,
. and that lady, it is said, has returned to Austria.
J Austria.?A now Austrian Loan is said
to Iks in contemplation.
The difficulties between Austria and Tur*
key on the Bosnian question, have assumed
- a serious character.
Prussia.?Conciliatory offers have been
received by the Prussian Government, from
the. I)rumst.-ult coalition.
H Russia.- -Poland is becoming completely
'! depopulated in consequence of the ravages
? of the Cholera.
'! Brazils.?The Government have purchased
eight ships heretofore attached to the Ger?
man navy.
m g^|
0 Another Tornado.?From a friend
wo learn Uiat the vicinity of Jackson's
r Creek, in this district, has been visited by
)f another tornada much heavier and more
, serious than the one of which we recentit
'y K,tve tn account in our paper.
0 This latter one appears to have commenced
on Friday last, near the planta1)
A 11 11.. 11 i'? ? i 1
vnsii %ji iv. a. iv. umiuiurf nnu p<iMe(J
c his residenoe, Uowing down h11 the cbime
neys of liis dwelling, and all the plantan
tion fencing in the neighborhood. Passing
in thence it blew down both a corn house and
g stable on the plantation of Mr. Howard
d Robinson; blew down a newly raised, but
n unfinished, gin house for Mr. Daniel Clark,
n while the workmen were engaged at work
in it, injuring one of them, a negro, quite
it seriously; lifted the one side off the roof
o of what is known as Jackson's Creek
>f (Presbyterian) Church; tore down the
i ' m L at .
r, u>-tvijuiin ijomih) 01 hjo viiumi, Hin>winjj iu
e timbers into the grave yard, end doing
greet damage thereby; and threw down a
e monument lately bnilt in the church yard
& in Honor of the late gallant Lieut. Jan. R.
r, Clarke, who was killed in the Mexican
war.? Whtntbortf Rtgitter.
r m
juncastpr Mger. :
?.unrastcrvllle, S. C. t
WEUNESDAYT^EPT. 8, 1852. J
WANTED IMMEDIATELY. ;
A lad about 15 yours of age, as an np t
prentico to the Printing business. Apply (
at this office. "
To the Hon D. Wallace, A. P. Butler and "
J. A. Woodward, are we indebted for pub- \
lie documents. t
To Correspondents. f
i
Etiwan. The poetry will appear next '
week?too late for this number. Without
intending it as flattery, your ptetry is admired?write
often. The present you so
kindly sent us we never received. The
plait?do.
The poetry from the young lady at I^ong
Street does very well for a first attempt, but
not of sufficient excellence to appear in print,
Try again.
8t^~We are under great obligations to
our frieuds of the Winnsboro' Register,
Messrs. Hkitton &. Micki.e, for furnishing
us with Into numbers of their paper by private
mode, and by Saturday's mail. In the
absence of any mail from below, this was an
act of kindness much appreciated by us.?
We have made copious extracts from these,
papers in relation to the late freshet, &o.
Fine Apples.
Our thanks to Mr. Henry Anderson, of
Wnxhnw, for the very acceptable present of
Apples. These apples are of an unusual
size, no doubt would weigh a pound eneh,
.....i ?... ,.f....... t a
That potntoc, friend B., is not large
enough for a ]?{(T< and l?esides, we like a larger
sample with respect to quantity also.?
You understand ?
The Hon. T. I* Hutchinson was elected
Mavor of Charleston last week, by a vote of
152 over his opponent, Hon. J. Schncirlie.
Judge O'Neal has written a letter to the
Stockholders of the. Greenville & Columbia
Rail Road, in which he states thnt the road
enn be put in complete working order, fornbout
$50,000. There can be no doubt now
but Col. Brown the engineer is drowned.
c-tr Some friend has sent us a catalogue I
of the Trustees, Faculty, Students aud Alumni
of Davidson College, N. C., for the Collegiate
year closing August 1852.
The faculty comprise the following pro
fessors:
Rev. Sam'i. Wit.liamsos, D. D., President
and Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy
and Rhetoric.
Rev. Sam'i. B. O. Wilms, A. M., Professor"of
I anguoges.
Mortimer B. Joiinsots, A. M., Professor
of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.
Rev. E. l'\ Rockwell, A. M., Professor of
Chemistry and Natural Science.
There are sixty-five Students, viz :
F,leveu Seniors, Sixteen Juniors, twenty
Sophmores, six Freshmen and twelve Irregulars.
We observe that Tuition, Board, dto? per
Session of five months is only $18, which
includes room rent nnd servant hire.
TheNorthjNothing to Gain?The South
Everything to Lose.
In continuir g our remarks on the subject
of Slavery, a subject which the whole civilized
world appear* to be interested ill. We
desire to make a few observations with respect
to the relative effect the institution has
on the North and on the South.
There is no use to disguise the fact, so apparent
to every one,that excluding the Southern
State* of this Union, the whole civilized
world is opposed to slavery. This opposition
arises from a variety of causes. In the first
place, the very word Slavery implies such a
state of abject servitude,of actual dependence,
a slave deprived of that glorious liberty .which
our fathers fought nnd bled for, that merely
from this fact, we are looked upon na a class
of people devoid of all philanthropy or sympathetic
feelings. In the next place, those
so disposed to reprehend our conduct, do not
once consider the actual benefit we are doing
them, by keeping a race of people in bonit'lifi
utapii tlinu nosmih/wl ^?? ?
e>v1 " ><v1 "v?v w.wj j/ji uiihaju iu iiutu hfcdom
of action, would spread dismay and
consternation over this brond land. Nor
is this all. Society would cease to exercise
its legitimate functions, if terror-stricken by
a bnnd of wild desporate bravadoes.
But more directly and particularly do we
desire to present the subject in the light viewoil
by the Union, and as a subject which
should claim tho consideration of the South,
or as inters oven wilh Southern interest.?
An institution which has existed for so long
a time, and which the whole Union once approved
of, it is strange indeed, that a clamor
should be raised now, and a party at the
North strive to wrest from us an imperative
and federal right, when the subject should
interest us and not the North.
The Wilmot proviso provided for the abolition
of slavery in a newly acquired territory.
This question has been discussed freely
by its advocates and opponents, and did
the fanaticism of the North stop at thin
nnini wa miifkl na? onmnl.in so mmsl iw..a
??V ?iV? win prim ii m/ IIIUV'II, I'll V
when a Federal authority on the other hand
enact a law which only secures to the Southern
people a juat right claimed hy the Constitution,
it becomes us who claim equal
protection under this government to see
our just rights secured. The fugitive
slave law gives to the owner the right to arrest
his fugitive slave, and take him toliis
home. The ctercise of this law the Abolitionists
have ever been endeavoring to frustrate,
and petitions without number, are presented
to Congress for its repeal.
%
In the proceedings of tUo Free Soil Con- t
ention held at Pittsburg on tho 13th ult, s
vo find the following " declaration of prin- ^
iplcs and measures," or at least a few of i
hem; i
4. That tho Constitution of tho United *
States, ordained to form a more perfect a
Jnion, to establish justico and secure the j
ilesslngs of liberty ; expressly denies to the
ieucral Government all power to deprive
iny person of life, liberty or property, with>ut
due process of law; and therefore the
jSovernmciit having no more power to make
i slave than a king, and no more power to
(stablish slavery than to establish monarchy,
ihould at once proceed to relieve itseli lrom
.11 4a? tlwi nvSdtonnn nf uliivorv '
Ill ruspuiisiuilll^ IVI mv VA???vuw V. .
vheruver it possesses Constitutional power I i
o legislate for its extinction. .
5. That, to the persevering and importulate
demands of the slave power for more c
ilave States, new slave Territories, and tho '
lationalizntion of slavery, our distinct and '
inal answer is?no more slave Slates, no (
ilave Territory, 110 nationalized slavery, and
10 national legislation for the extradition of '
ilaves. ]
6. That slavery is n sin ngainst God and a
rime ngainst man, which 110 human cnactncnt
nor usage can make right ; and that
diristianity, humanity, nnd patriotism, alike
ictnand its abolition.
7. That the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850,
s repugnant to tho Constitution, to the
principles of the common Law, to the spirit
[>ft'hristinnity, and to the sentiments of the
civilized world. We therefore deny its binding
force upon the American l'eople, and
demand its immediate and total repeal.
8. That the doctrine that any human law
is a finality, and not subject to a modification
or repeal, is not in accordance with the
ureed of the founders ot our Government,
and is dangerous to the liberties of the people.
9. That the no's of Congress known as
tho Compromise measures of 1850, by making
the admission of a sovereign State contingent
upon the adoption of other measures
demanded by the special interest of slavery ;
by their omission to guarantee freedom in
free Territories : by their attempt to impose
unconstitutional liniitatious 011 the power of
Congress and the people to admit new States
by their provisions for the assumption of
five millions of the State debt of Texas, ami
for the payment of five millions more, nnd
the cession of a large territory to the same
State under menace, as an inducement to the
relinquishment of a groundless claim, and bv
their invasion of the sovereignty of the
States, and the liberties of the people through
the enactment of an unjust, oppressive, and
1 HI-,... 1 nr..
iiilUMiimiiutmiiiii a u^uifv . - ?* ?? ") *proved
to lo inconsistent with nil tho principles
and maxims of Democracy, and wholly
inadequate to the .settlement of the questions
of which they are claimed to he an adjustment.
10. That no permanent settlement of the
slavery question can be looked for, except in
the practical recognition of the truth that
slavery is sectional, and freedom nationul; by
the total separation of the (Senoral Government
from slavery, and exercise of its legitimate
and constitutional influence on tho side
of freedom : and by leaving to the States thu
whole subject of slavery and the extradition
of fugitives from service.
11. That all men have a natural right to
a portion of the soil; imd that, as the use of
the soil is indispensiblc to life, the right of
all men to the soil is as sacred as the right
of life itself.
What the North can gain by the abolition
of slavery at the South, we are unable to
discern. Tho vindictlveness of the North
to our peculiar institutions, may possibly
arise from an envious spirit. Finding slave
labor unprofitable there, and seeing it profitable
here, a spirit of malicious envy, may
provoke their displeasure.
Twontv iriuirv iiiro idaverv existed in Mixv
York 8Lute,Ohio was then a wilderness; so
soon as it was discovered in these States
that slave labor was unprofitable, it was
abolished. We. will nttcmpt to show why
slave labor is not profitable at the North.?
It is a known fact to all 1'oliticifl Economists
that when the interest of the capital
invested according to the legal rate of interest,
exceeds the revenue derived from the
working of that capital, the amount invested
ceases to be profitable, and a change is at
once effected; thus, a negro, say, is worth
$800; according to the legal rate of interest
of New York State, the interest would
amount to $50 ; now if the manufacturer or
farmer found that this negro did not yield
besides $5fi, an amount sufficient to indemnify
him for risk, taxntion, clothes. Ate., it
would be bettor to appropriate the $80O to
some other purpose. Now, in New York
State, w here the population has increased
to such a remarkable extent, labor is cheap,
and at the same time the white labor employed
can be appropriated to any purpose.
The climate, and the peculiar productions
of the soil renders whito labor equally as
productive us slave or negro labor. It is
known to nil of us thnt runny, nnd most of
the articles we use are bought at a less price
at the North than they can he procured at
the South. Even a newspaper is obtained
at a less price, much less price in New York
city than can be procured in South Carolina.
Hut all this is accounted for from the fact
that labor is chea|>or. '{there is a marked
difference between the North and the South,
not only with rcgnrd to climate, but the productions
of the soil are enentially different.
It is well that it is so, n* well for the North
a* the South. In South Carolina, for instance,
Cotton and Rice are the principal
commercial productions of the soil?neither
of these staples are produced in New York
or Connecticut This Cotton and Rice can
only be cultivated in certain sections by
negroes. Rice particularly is cultivated in
the lower section of our State, where it is
fatal to life for a white person to remain in
the summer season. Rice, as an article of
commerce, enriches the Northern purchaser,
as well asthe Southern producer. In South
Carolina, according to our rule, many, very
many farmers lose by their capital being in
i i. n..? i:si.~
Tni?u in iirjjruw. uui hic uiu ui mo inrmer,
Wing more congenial to their feeling*,
besides, as the most of our people prefer to
leave negroes to their children, and also aa
they are opposed to selling them without
just cause, and at the same time, as they do
not take trouble to make a close dollar and
cent calculation, having a sufficiency of this
world's goods, the jMrestmcnt is never
changed. Unlike our N'orthcrn brethren,
we prefer to let " well" alone, and all we
desire is to be let alone by thcrn.
Now, what has tl e North to gain ? Any
thing at all ? Are the slaves who abseond
thither taken any greater care off Are
hoy taken euro of as well I Actually, it
?ei?9 to ua tho North are under a debt of J
gratitude to us to keep this raco of people Hj
tnder bondage. Women may sit at homo H
ind conjecture this nnd that concerning the fig
roattnent slaves receive at the South, and
icribblo off " Uncle Tom's Cabin ;M but it
s all iuimaginary, and arises from a prcju* W
lice unfounded and criminal. ' A
EDITOR'S TABLE- I
n?it>no lUAUA^inK ?utl . Otl lLBIDM* HP
ias been received, which contains soveral
. cry interesting articles. Tho Editor who
presides over Harpers' Mogazino manifests Vl |
sonsiderablo industry, and tho effort contri- B* j
jutes tnucli to the interest of the Magazine. Jfc,
rhe Editor's Drawer, &.c., is usually well
tiled with vhoico rending matter. $3,00
[?cr year; Harper & Brothers, New York.
Edinburgh Review: * ^B
By the last mail we received the number
for July and October. Contents : ^B
1. The Polico System of London. Bl
2. Campbell's Modern India. * V
3. IVidmont. 1
4. Dutch Diplomacy and Indian Piracy. |
5. Life and Letters of Nichuhr.
0. The Marquis of Rockingham nnd his i
Contemporaries.
7. English Agriculture in 1852. t
8. Lives of I?ord Clarendon's Friends.
9. Our Defensive Armament.
10. The Oxford University Commission
Report. A
Tiif. Farmer &. Plaster for September
we have received. We are glnd to learn ^
that a laudable spirit is exhibited by many
of our farmers to sustain this periodical.? * 1
Will the farmers of old Lancaster be found 1
wanting, when aid is asked to keep up an
agricultural periodical in our own State? ^B
We hope not. * ^B
1>istkkkhik6 Casulty.?We lern (says
the Newberry sentinel of tho 7st instant,) V
that tlie dwelling1 house of Mrs. Ooulding
was overthrown by tho storm, which
paseod over the northwestern portion of
this District on Friday last. Twovoung
women, by the name of Grey, wlro were
in the house at the time, wore instantly
killed by its fall; a Mr. Pitts was also
seriously injured. Mrs. Colliding escaped
with slight injury.
oi'k raii. lioaii liuitiOK.?We learned
yesterday evening, that the Rail Road
Bridge was still standing, and that all
fears for its safety had ceased. The water
had commenced falling but tho trusscl
work was still covered.?Camden Journal.
Postmistrkssrs.?There are in the
I'nited States eighty-one women holding
the office of postmaster (J) thirty-one of
whom are in Pennsylvania. Some of
these are important office*. , I
Hogs.-Prices aiul Prospect* of the Next
Crop.?Tho Cincinnati Price Current re- v
jMjrts hogs in every region of Kcntuckey 1
and Indiana, as largely increasing in I
numbers and of better quality, and Adds:
We hear but little trom Illinois, Iowa
and Missouri; but, considering tho scarcity , J
of last season, it is more than probable
tliero w ill be an increase rather than a
falling oil", as we seldom have two seasons
of scarcity together.
Throughout Ohio wo learn that mom
VOUlii' lions* *ir.? )>.>it?r f.*<l limn i.enol
j D ? o- 7 ?e -? i ??;*"
in many sections, an increaso of ono-thinl
is anticipated. Tho high price of pork
has caused the farmers throughout the
West to bestow as much care and attention
upon their pigs as they do upon their
children. Throu ghout many sections of the
South, the planters are making endeavors
to "grow their own moat." 4f
\Vu hear of contracts by the packers
for the future delivery of some 20,000
hogs, to he fattened in Indiana, at 3 and 1
3 1-2 cents, gross. Several thousands
have been engaged by Madison packers,
for the next season, at 4 and 4 1-2 cents, Jjj
net. Wo hear alto of various contracts
in Kentucky, at 3 and 3 1-2 cents, gross,
to be delivered when fattened, in the fall.
A sale of looo head had been made, de- 1
livercdhere, at 4 1-2 cent*. One of our \
principal provision dealers and packers sold
100 barrels of mess pork on Monday, to
be made of the next crop, and to be delivered
in June, 1853, at 16 per barrel, l?*w
than the present prices.
The alatve we believe to be au accurate
and impartial statement of the present
condition of the forthcoming "hog crop,"
and we leave the reader to draw his own
conclusions in regard to the prospect of
the next season.
Congress.
Tho United States S^nalo met on Monday
at 10 o'clock.
The navy appropriation bill was considered
an J passed.
The light luusc bill was taken up, and,
after some amendments, it was read a
third time and pAssed.
Tho Sonute at live o'clock went into executive
session, and a. half past six the
doors were reonene/L
A bill granting land to Missouri an<l
Arkansas, to aid in the construction of
certain rail roada in thorn* States was read
twioo and referrod.
The bill granting lands for the benefit
of tho indigent insane was taken up, and
debated by Messrs. Shields, Gwin, Underwood,
Weller, and others; after which it
was laid upon the table.
A quarter before ten the Senate again
Went into executive session; after which
the Senate adjourned.
The House of Representatives passed a
resolution giving to various of their employees
the extra compensation which has
been voted to them or Tale pears.
They wero principally occupied, how- ,
ever, in acting upotft th# various amendments
of the Senate to the several General
Appropriation bills; and among other
business transacted, they concurred in the
rejort of the Committee of Conference on
the disagreeing amendment oftttMiHa
Houses to the Civil and Diplou^^^^^K
After a session of ?en Ksm
nine o'clock, p. m., adjourned *
hour jreatcrtlay morning, . m
' *
r m>{
Hi