Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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AUTUMN IS ALWAY TO SELECT H pallete That Begin Laying Early in Desirable Additions ? (Prepared br the United States Department pf Agriculture.) The Improvident man who sold his ?heating stove in July because the cir jcus was near and the winter far ?ff ?differs only in the degree of his short j sightedness from the poultry raiser ?who waits until spring to select the ?breeding stock that Is to be used to ?replenish his flock. This important ?work of picking out the superior birds ?must be done In the fall to get the 'best results, says the United States ?Department of Agriculture, for lt is ?then that the greatest contrast be i tween the profitable birds and the poor -ones shows up. Of course the culling ?out of the poor layers should go on jail through the summer and fall, but iat last the top-notchers should be ??elected as foundation for the coming ?flock, which ought to be better each ?year. Never Use Immature Pullets. One good rule to follow is to keep ?the pullets out of the breeding flock ; until they are fully matured. An im ! mature bird may be a good layer and ?may be from the best slock, but still ?lt is undesirable. Eggs from pullets ?not yet fully developed will not pro iduce as large or as strong chicks as [those from older hens or fully grown j pullets. There ls no difficulty in know ilng when a bird is mature enough to be used as a breeder, as at that time ithe eggs laid will have reached the ?size of the average produced by the ?general run of hens in the flock. Vrame Dullets always lay a rather . quently -"they" mase- up anouurr grwap i that should be used In forming the j breeding flock next spring. Leg bands ;may be used to distinguish these prof itable birds, or, better, the early mol fters may be marketed so that they 'will no longer have an opportunity to ?keep down the average egg production ?of the flock. The general-purpose breeds, which ! Include the Plymouth Rocks, Rhode Is lland Reds, and Wyandottes, as a rule ;are not profitable after the second ?year. It is therefore advisable to cull . out all of the older birds of this class. Of these, the late molters are the ?ones to select for breeders, just as in the case of fowls of any other breed. But the Selection of birds on the ?basis of age and time of molting is not all the preparation that need be made for raising the foundation for the new flock. The health and thrift ,of the fowls must be looked after I carefully during the winter. After ?selecting the breeding birds the poul try house needs close attention. Keep jlngNlt In sanitary condition is one of the Important points ; ' also the com ' fort of the house, which is closely con ; nected with the health of the birds, j Fowls are very sensitive to moisture : conditions, and these should be con i trolled carefully by ventilation. When ?moisture from the fowls gathers on I the ceiling and walls there is apt to (be trouble soon. In cold weather this I moisture may collect in the form of ; frost, but the beat from the sun in j ! the middle of the day will melt the frost, and the water, dripping down, will make the litter wet. Hens are a good deal like sheep in their sensitive* .? ness to wet feet, either in the house or when outside, and they cannot be kept in. good health on damp litter. A sick hen is* a hard proposition to deal with if you expect to get out with j a profit on her. It is a lot cheaper to, depend on dry litter than on medicines : to cure colds and roup. Roup is the ? sequel of colds, and when It gets Into j a flock, as one poultryman puts it, you are on the rocks. Plenty of fresh air in the house Is a ; well-re cognized preventive of colds in ; humans, and it is just as efficacious .'in the case of poultry. The open front ?house with cloth curtains is the most 'practical means for the average flock owner to keep ther house thoroughly aired, and the fowls will not suffer from the cold if the building has been properly planned ; also the egg produc-1 tlon will keep up. By going into the house frequently In changing winter weather it will be easy to judge of the condition of the atmosphere and bring it to normal by adjustments of cur tains and windows. Moisture can be ;kept from accumulating by opening np Fall Mature Quickest and Wilt Make to Breeding Flock. the house for a thorough ventilation on sunny days. The most successful houses, as found by the experiences of hundreds of poultry raisers and by experiments of the Department of Agriculture and State experiment stations, are from 16 to 20 feet deep If the open-front plan is followed. From this point the nearer toward the front the fowls are moved the few?r eggs are produced. In smaller houses the relative proportion of openings tn the front of the house must be reduced during the winter months In order to keep the fowls comfortable. Open fronts or openings covered with cotton cloth are most practical In deep houses. GET DATA FOR FIGHT ON WHEAT STEM RUST Government Expert in Europe Searching for Information. Doctor Stakman, Minnesota Patholo gist, Visiting Various European Countries, Making Detailed Study of the Disease. (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) In the hope of finding facts that will be of value in fighting the stem rust of wheat in this country, Dr. C. E. Stakman, agent of the United States - -* A ....I ^.ni hinA ariA riot li lted the principal wheat-growing re gions, he found no stem rust on wheat, eats, barley or rye. Although there were many barberries, few of them showed any signs of tliis rust, but in Spain plant pathologists informed him that the common barberry and an in digenous species are responsible for the early appearance cf stein rust in the spring. Doctor Stakman reports great inter est In breeding and sel2ction of wheat varieties resistant to this disease and emphasizes particularly the work of several eminent French investigators. While traveling through France, Spain and Italy he found little stem rust, but this little was always asso ciated with barberry bushes. The con sensus of opinion in th-sse countries Is. that, although stem rust does occur re mote from the barberry, it develops later in the crop season and causes very much less damage than in those sections where the shrub Is common. STUDY MANY FARM PROBLEMS There Are 1,960 Projects Dealing With Agronomy Being Worked Out by Experts. The state agricultural experiment stations are studying 4,770 specific problems relating to the agricultural Industry of the country, according to a compilation of project subjects re cently made by the United States De partment of Agriculture. Broadly grouped, there are 1.960 projects deal ing with agronomy subjects, including field crops, soils and fertilizers, or about one-third of the total; 932 bo tanical and horticultural problems are under investigation ; animal-Industry subjects, Including dairying and dalry products, comprise about one-eighth , of the total, leaving three-eighths of '. the projects for all other subjects. SCRUBS BRING MUCH REGRET Aged Live Stock Owner Sorry He Did Not Begin With Purebred Cows Years Ago. "If I had started with a few pure bred cows 30 years ago I would have something that I would be proud of now rather than a lot of nondescript ; animals." This remark -was made to a representative of the United States , Department of Agriculture by a live stock owner seventy-five years old. 1 That even this age Is not too late to make a beginning is shown by the fact that he is a believer in purebred sires and his herd, though not pure bred, contains some grade Heisteln cowa. More Livestock, Not Less Cotton. It is still teing repeated that those who give information to the farmers regarding methods of fighting the boll weevil, are advising that they quit growing cotton and substitute other crops, livestock, for instance. Of course no one having the kind of knowledge entitling him to offer information to the farmer has ever done anything of the kind, but it would perhaps be too much to ask those who think rt popular to criti cize experimenters and teachers of a better agriculture to stop their false statements, lit would deprive them of the only thing they know to say, that they think would be popular. The writer has recently been asked: "Why do you advise people to stop growing cotton and go into the live stock business when you surely know that it is even more difficult for large numbers of them to grow livestock under their conditions than to grow cotton under boll weevil condition^." The only answer possible is, that we haven't done it. But if we had ad vised some to do that sort of 'th||g, and they had accepted our adyjce, they would not now be in any w^fee condition. In fact, the man who stops growing cottonentirely after the sec ond year of boll weevil invasions-is certain to come out better than the non-resident landowner who contin ues to 1xy to grow cotton with negro tenants and without white supervi sion, in the old way and un der the old system of cotton as the only mon ey crop. But that is not telling him to stop growing cotton and go into producing livestock. We have told the average cotton farmer, not after the boll weevils broke him but before they came, to increase his livestock production. We here at this time and place repeat the statement, not as advice, but as fac?, that the man who finds and learns how to produce anoth?r money crop before the weevils reach him, and re duces cotton acreage when the wee vils begin to do damage, comes out better than the man who goes on put ting all his land in cotton in the old way and depends on cotton as his only money crop. We have stated time and again that it was not a sub stitution for cotton that the South needed, but an additional source of in come and a system of farming that _1 J?__i. 1_? '-Ol under boll weevil conditions and at the same time build up the fertility of these soils. But when we say that, we are not advising the cotton farmer to quit growing cotton, and try to at once make himself a great breeder of purebred livestock of himself. Some seem to think that to "produce more livestock" one must breed purebreds fer breeding purpos?s. That is the last kind of livestock production the average cotton farmer should go into. It may be true that most cotton farmers will make as great a failure with livestock as in trying to produce cotton under boll weevil conditions, but that merely means that they are likely to fail with both. Such farmers should not try to grow livestock be yond their own farm needs, but should find some other crop to take the place of cotton on their poorest lands, rather than go on with cotton as the only crop, at least until they have learned how to grow cptton in spite of the boll weevils. Successful livestick production is not easy. The cotton farmer cannot go into it and make it successful af ter he has bankrupted himself trying to grow cotton under boll weevil con ditions. I But there is no other real obstacle to the making of some sort of live- J stock production a source of addi- j tional revenue and an economical i means of increasing soil fertility, ex eept the lack of a will to do so. The South should not quit the growing of cotton to produce live stock, but we should produce more livestock as an additional source of revenue, and produce more livetock as an economical means of enabling^, us to produce more cotton on less acres.-Progressive Farmer. Trespass Notice. Notice is hereby given that hunt ing and all manner of trespassing upon my land is prohibited and the law will be enforced against all per sons who fail to heed this notice. This is meant for everybody, without any exception. Mrs. M. J. NORRIS. 11-22 fJR.ftlNti'S NEH tlESCOVEfitt ???I Surely Stoo Tua! Co?t?. H. C. VI I AUGUSTA, GA., H A Jewelry Gift is not only ls dim its memory nor fade its simplest Jewelry Gifts you THAT LAST." Sugges GIFTS FOR A WOMAN ;] Mesh Bag, Pencil, Toilet J GIFTS FOR A GIRLS: VVatch, Dinner Ring, Ear O GIFTS FOR A HOME: ments, Vases, Clocks. GIFTS FOR A MAN: ( Scarf Pin, Belt Buckle, Pent GIFTS FOR A BOY: Pocket Comb, Military Brus GIFTS FOR BABY: Ba Silver Spoon, Gold Locket, The Fee System Again. In a letter to the editor of The News, not intended for publication, a constructive citizen of the upper section of Greenville county writes: "One thing I think the legislature should do immediately after it meets is to put all county officers or. a sal ary. I suppose it is not known how' much some of them under the system get, but I have been told that there is at least one of them who receives some $8,000 a year." The fallacies and inequalities of the fee system are notorious, having been fully divulged during the long period which the system has been un der fire. This letter points out one of the discrediting features of the sys tem, the objections of a more se rious nature. The fee system is un businesslike and antiquated and in piogressive states has been discarded for years. It perpetrates glaring in equalities, rewarding certain officers richly and others, equally as imDor _w...j mu coun ties, Anderson and Spartanburg, took the progressive step and placed offi cers on a definite salary basis. Now that economy is the keynote in coun ty government it becomes more im portant than ever that other counties follow them, or else that the fee sys tem of remuneration be abandoned throughout the state by a single stroke. The public can be of assist ance in bringing about this reform by doing as the writer of the above let ter has done by making . its voice heard in the matter.-Greenville News. Inviting a New War. Hugo Stinnes, the "German Rock efeller," says that there will be war eventually if France seizes the Ruhr in January, as she is preparing to do, in default of German reparation pay ments. And though Stinnes is a very much interested party, he is probably right about it. Germany may deserve such inva sion. It would be a small penalty for her sins co commission in the war and of omission since. But Germany does not see it that way, and will not. A French army on German territory would be a red rag to Germans. Working and paying at the muzzle of French guns would not have a paci fying effect on the German popula tion. If the Franch did succeed in col lecting their debt by such means, they would have to spend what they collected for new armament, to pro tect themselves against Germany in the future. 1 It is a fair debt, moderate enough when everything is considered. But how to collect it is a baffling prob lem. It is the newest of war prob lems, in this industrial age. You may defeat an enemy, when he attacks you, but you can't make him pay. It begins to look as if the Christian formula, of loving your enemy and forgiving him his# debts, were the only logical and safe way, after all. It may be necessary to do good to them that hate you, for your own good, ma terial as well as spiritual. If France, by her present policy, drives the Germans to new hatred and desire for revenge, then sooner or later there will be another war, and perhaps the Germans will defeat i NEW LOCATION OF ELE & COI JEWELERS 008 BROAD STREET isting but of ever-increasing int beauty. Your children's chi select this Christmast. Gifts tions for Gifts Tha : Diamonds, Necklace, Thii irticles, Dress Pin Sets. Pearls Beads, Bar Pins, La1 Tnaments, Vanity Case, Manic Silverware, Candle Sticks, Ph .^igar Cutter, Match Box, Tie jil, Signet Ring, Watch Fob, Cuff Links, Tie Cksp, Wat hes, Set Ring, Vest Chain, by Ring, Baby Necklace, Bab Silver Fork, Silver Cup. ----?.1 - France, and then in their turn fail to collect what they think France owes them.-Greenville News. GUNS, PISTOLS, FISHING TACKLE, SAFES AND VAULT DOORS HEMSTREET & ALEXANDER 617 Broad St. FIRST-CLASS REPAIRING Telephone 679 Augusta, Ga. Notice of Final Discharge. To All Whom These Presents May Concern : Whereas, A. S. J. Miller as Execu tor of the last will T???/,?. Miiior. at my office at Edgefield Court House, South Carolina, on the 13th day of January, 1923 at ll o'clock a. m., why said order of discharge should not be granted. W. T. KINNAIRD, J. P. C., E. C.,'S. C. December 7th, 1922. We Can Give Yoi on Mill Work am Large stock of Rough and D Immediate Woodward QUALITY Corner Roberts and Du ARRINGTON Wholesale Grocer Com, Oats, 1 Kinds o Gloria Flour and Dai Our Le Corner Cumming an On Georgia I August: YOUR PATR?N? ?W See our representative te IPANY ; THONE - 953 ;rinsic value. Time cannot Idren will cherish even the of Jewelry are "GIFTS t Last nble, Brooch, Jewel Box, falliere, Bracelet, Bracelet ure Set. it ure Frames, Table Orna ? Clasp, Lodge Emblems, Watch Chain. ch, Knife, Fountain Pen, y Bracelet, Baby Pin Set,' Summons For Relief. (Complaint not served.) The State of South Carolina County of Edgefield Court of Common Pleas. The Bank of Johnston, Plaintiffs Against B. W. Wright, J. F. Wright and B. C. Wright, Defendants. To the Defendants above named: You are hereby .summoned and required to answer the complaint in this action which is filed in the of fice of the Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, for the said county, and to serve a copy of your answer to the said complaint on the sub scribers at their office at Edgefield, ?South Carolina, within twenty days after the service hereof, exclusive, of the day of such service; and if you fai1 to answer the complaint within k*y time aforesaid, the plaintiff in this action will apply to the court for the ?relief demanded in the complaint. SHEPPARD BROS. Plaintiff's Attorneys. Dated Nov. 28, 1922. - Test: P. L. COGBURN (Seal) Clerk C. C. P., E. Co., S. C. To the above named Defendants: You will take notice that the origi nal summons and complaint in the above stated cause are now on file in the office of the Clerk of the Court, of Common Pleas and General Ses si ons, in and for the county of Edge field and State aforesaid. SHEPPARD BROS. Plaintiff's Attorneys. ii Prompt Service i Interior Finish reseed Lumber on hand for Deliverv. Lumber Co. -SERVICE gas Sta., Augusta, Ga, BROS. & CO. s and Dealers in flay and all f Feeds i Patch Horse Feed aders id Fenwick Streets h R. Tracks a, Ga. GE SOLICITED V C. E. May.