Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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0 «Thc Hem 6ra. 1. F. YHITTEMORE, Editor. TUESDAY MORYIYG - AUGUST 1, 1«S. OUR DUTY. It will not (>e long before we shall be calle<i Upon to enter formally upon the dutiea of elect ing delegates to a Convention for the purpose of forming a Constitution which will admit of an acceptance on the part of the general Uov- emment. I.et us, then, as we approach the time so auspicious in tho history of our per mitted relations with the United Stales, leave behind every emeumbering abstraction; lay aside all glittering generalities; come out man fashion from our unfortunate proclivities; be frank, consistent and free, caring not for the arguments which like exploded doctrines have so completely overwhelmed us in disorder, but aim only to press forward to the prospects which await us. Every person should begin to find out his especial duty in the premises, finch aa are to b# d*psa4cd upon lit tb* mnhin/t of ail proper laws, filling of important positions and becom ing the favored legislators of the fitate must wash thefr hands of any further effort to dis traction or disunion. It cannot be expected that such as say one thing and mean another; such as make the oath of allegiance a conve nient vehicle of return to identity only so far as it saves their property ami not their honesty, will be recognised as worthy to become the custodians of public trust. There must be a complete sundering of every attachment to the unhallowed agencies of the past. There must, be an acknowledgment of the results of .Seces sion. war and surrender. W hat has been, like tbc years that arc gone, cannot return. What may be, depends upon the unity of thought, will and desire with which we operate, and the strength whicli co operation brings. There are none that can be rpnred from the elective duties before us. Just so far as honor dictates ; as reason and integ- MJavaa.t**- - - — I - —-- '•* •«» coin ing •lections, will we find our Stale restored to ita rights, immunitiesand recognition among the family from which it so unwisely sought to dissolve its connection. We cannot serve two masters. It will be in vain for us to pretend, for we are to be tried by » searching and serious rule. We must disown even preferences for the policies or faith of the days of bipod, or the steps that brought us to the dread arbitrament of arms. W’hen we solemnly swear “henceforth faith fully to support and defend the Constitution of the United Stales,’’ as Goo is our judge, ns he will record our oath, let us have no mental re servation or inward wish to the opposite. Whatever may have been our prejudice; how ever broad the territory of our faith in the politica of the past, let the covenant we must make cover its whole area as surely as the glo rious banner of our country floats over its cn- itlcff or toe somn nave Dottsreu or meimigu sense of honor; they have hitherto received the compliments of the world for their gentle manly regard for probity and truth, and shall we bstieve that ought of double dealing will actuate them when there is an opportunity to test their return to fealty T Let us talk plain W hose fault is it that unpleasant requirements are existing f la it not the fact that the guilty are called to humiliate themselves and prove by their penitence and confessions how far they have been convicted of wrong doing t What confidence should we have in a refrac tory boy, if when (before restoring him to fa vor and pardon) he was inquired of as to his uture conduct, whether he would be respectful and obedient to the borne rule, he should say- yes, with an oath, or a frown, or his fists dou bled behind him ? Are there any that lift their hands in token of aincerity as the obligation of loyalty is ad ministered in the face of heaven and human witnesses, that seek only another opportu nity for the display of disloyalty ? if so, men - of the Sonth ; if you are the personification of that honor attributed to you, by all that is sa cred, pure, drive such pcijured wretches from your limits, and make them feel the sharp re proof of your detestation for such false and self criminated manhood. He who will thus wantonly dally with his affirmations is fit only for slrategems and spoils, and none are safe in his hands or free from bis intents. The present condition of things so far as (lie civil relations of the State are concerned is chaotic; out of which it should he the first and most prominent wish of the people to extricate themselves ; or rather it should be the supreme desire of every well-wisher of the State that order may come forth, and that all the causes of such a confusion shall be repudiated and discarded forever. The people are the source of all power, in them is investsd the right to make and estab lish governments. The more united they are upon the great questions of general interest the more stable w ill the work of their legislation be. But the more divided upon the cardinal points at issue the less permanent will their model become. Governments, too, should be generous in their provisions toward all; democratie in the ■Strictest sense toward the general whole. Bight is of no sect, truth of no color. What Is a prerogative for one is the same for another in our Bepuhlican form ; the self-evident teach ings of the era we acknowledge constrain us to hide from the professions we once have made, and to presume, if we do not admit, that fur ther concessions are yet to be demanded. There isacertain something within us, which, however strong the will may be, compels us to avow each revolution in political principle and economy just. We are getting morally and politically into our “proper pracrical rela tions,’' and the quicker we ignore all follies, the sooner we acquiesce in the “divinity which shapes our ends,” the more perfectly we shall ;tand in the uprightness of our noble trusts. The only obstacles in the way of an imme diate adjustment of internal affaira, of the t .'construction and restoration of the tkata of tiouth Carolina and other States equal with her in extremU;** and necessities, an acceptance by the parent government, the only difficulties to these devoutly to be wished for results are in the minds, hearts and purposes of the peo ple. But should they not consider a return to the Union of sufficient importance to warrant them “to act well their part” in the opportu nity jsoon to be presented ? the Government will not be at loss how to manage her indifferent and wrecklesa subjects. The power at present in onr different dis tricts—distributed all over their limits—the military arm, is still among us ; and we shall be under its surveillance so long as we are found unable to govern ourselves. The best manner of bidding adieu to the military ; tbc speediest way of releasing ourselves from mar tial restrictions; for getting rid of the for malities connected with them, is to say and mean what we say, vii: wc will conform to the proclamations, the recognitions of the Govern ment, and whereas we have once l>een turbu lent, unpcuceaDie, nrveiutrug, nC Will HOW DC peaceable, loyal and true. Our word for it the soldiers have no desire to remain in the burning sands of our State, to manage our affairs for us; they have scenes and joys more attractive. The sooner we return from our prodigalities the quicker will their steps bo homeward turned. At whose door, then, shall the weight of inconsistency be found ? Whnt avails obstinacy—who will reap its reward ? * Tbc Amnesty Oath will be the credentials by wltich wc'shall gain a release from past of fences, and the promise we make to keep in violate our trusts in the futti’e. The inn due operanih by which wc are to be governed in the preliminary steps to a Slate constitutionality will very soon be given us on the return of our honorable Provisional Gov ernor from Wn-ihingtnn, whence he has gons for his instructions. But wc need have no doubt as to the part that is expected of all to jpnrfixrm Uncompromising fidelity to the laws, proc lamations and terms of our pardon ere we can assist in the reconstructiou of our social fabric to correspond with tho National structure, and he restored to the full enjoyment of our rights, immunities and emoluments as they ex ist in tbc unity of Bepublican sentiment nnd purpose. Let us hang out our banners and declare tho loyally of our will. Tho wise only change their minds when in the wrong discov ered. 8hall wc fail to acknowledge that vir tue and still tho wrong pursue? Wc appeal again to that honor so proudly claimed. The following extracts from the Galveston Bulletin will serve to give the reader an idea of the “little change” that has taken place in newspaper sentiment in Texas since the sur render of Kirby Smith : • Thousands of men who ore clamoring to be allowed to take the-“amnesty oath” with indecent haste openly assert that they have rnT^cfStmW °&s r ’nc«{ conquered by the sword, and hence they yield with all the mental reservations which have characterized their whole political lives. They even claim merit for the strength and tenacity of their faith. Such men deserve not to be irusted. It is a species of Jesuitism too dan gerous for the body politic. Governments can only be upheld by those who understand their theory. * * » * * * Yet to maintain them have the Southern fol lowers of blind leaders lost three hundred thousand lives, two thousand millions of dol lars worth of slaves, millions upon millions in value of other sacred property; submitted for three years to the most terrible despotism of eonscription, impressments, taxes, repudiation and martial law ; to the immolation and expa triation of thousands of men whose only crime was to love the government of their fathers too well, and blindly followed false teachers whose gulf of credulity seemed to be fathom less. And yet these men coolly te(l us that they have no renunciations of heresies, no re pentance, no confessions of error, and, in fact, no desire but to reconstruct and to maintain power. “This it a sad mistake of their position and their duty. They owe it to themselves to con fess, at least, that the United Stales is the gov ernment of the people nnd not a “mere com pact among sovereign States;” that to resist its authority with armed demonstrations was theMevying of war, defined by the constitution as treason ; that no State, or combination of States, could, by ordinance of secession, or otherwise, afford a plea of justification to the citizens who levied war against the United Slates; that minorities, in States as well as of sections, bad rights as well as majorities; and that the law of force which drove hundreds of thousands into the armies was a confession that the misguided volunteers had failed, and was an expedient to save those who had rashly precipitated the Gulf States into the revolution. Surely an apology for this force, violence and demoniac intolerance is due to a much injured people. No good man asks vengeance that be longs to the God who teaches men the majesty of law and the necessity of justice.” Charleston Hospital Records. Mourning wives—mothers —sisters and friends are constantly sending their piteous desires to know the fate of those who have died in the prisons and hospitals of the South. In absence of the proper records it ia impos sible to answer all such requests, and, there fore. it having been understood that the Books of the Charleston Hospital are in this vicinity the Acting Chief Medical Director of the Mili tary District of Charleston has sent the follow ing letter on the subject to the Chief Medical Director of Gen. Beal's Command—Surgeon J. F. Day, Darlington, S. C., who would be grate Nil for any information that may be given concerning the matter. H’D Q RS MIL, DI8T. OF CHARLESTON, Omen Cninr Medical Orricnn, Ckarlreton, S. C. July 26M. 1865. CHt>:» Msa Officer Gen. Beal’s Command, Sib:—Tire Mtyor General Commanding Mil. Diet, of Charleston, desires to know if you can possibly obtain the books or records showing the names of deceased prisoner* of war who died in Hospital at Charleston. . These books are reported to be up in the vicinity of Cheraw or Darlington, in some of the Hospitals. Very Respectfully, Your ob’t servant, A. P, DALRYMPLE, Surgeon U 8. Vols., & Act. Chief Med. Officer. The Address of Governor Johnson. We publish entire in our columns the Ad dress of Provisional Governor Johbson of Georgia, who gives n plain and uumirtekefelc solution of the whole problem to be solved in the formation of a Bute Government for its constituency. He defines bis exact relation to the people and the power which ia invested in him. He has but a simple authority, that of n helper to enable the people to come out of n condition of lawlessness and disorder to n com plete and recognised form of Government, He is provided aa a meant by which they may be led to restore themselves to the rights of citi zens, the functions of rulers and not a»anad ministrator of power. He has not the right to appoint State On cers. Civil Magistrates or any one to Adminis ter the Amnesty Oath even; he assures his audience and those who had importuned him to make such appointments, that The Secreta ry of State alone reserved the prescribing of rules and regulations for such important mat ters iu all of the disloyal States. He cites the decision of the Attorney General and tufikes it the proof of the illegality of the appoin^sents the Provisional uoremors in by tDe rrpvisiouai UOTsrnors in tnwazmsa ui North Carolina hud Mississippi, if they have been made as reports say they have been. In fact Governor Johnson assumes no position he is not entitled to hold and and stands clothed with but a brief semblance of powyr and that power comprised in the wise recommendations of a Director as tbc people take their insipient steps toward tho organization Of their State Government. The Military Authorities are the ones desig nated to administer the Amnzsty Oath which he exhorts them to rightly understand and conform to. Ho proclaims (lie death of slave ry, the utter imposihility of its restoration to life again. He makes known the fact that on ly two more States are needed to ratify and adopt the proposed amendment to the Consti tution of the United States, twenty-fize having already endorsed the same, to make it the law of the land. ••These two,” hecontinies, “will be obtained. There is no posibility tf defeat ing it.’* The Constitution which Georgia must adopt must recognise the fact; the Convention must provide for its extinction ; the people must a- gree to the amendment of the National Consti- tutionif they wish to be admittedintojtht Union Whatever view is token of it he declares Sla very “ gone, gone forever.” Complaining of evil* growing out of die new condition of things will do no good ; first bsve a legislature, then laws, then the exetutioner of the laws and crimes will have their icmedy. Ho meets the statement about the idleness and vagrancy of the negroes in a fair and candid manner and says “ I tell you they wifl work, ami no people under the peculiar circtmstan ces by which they have been surrounded ever behaved better than they have done.” He says, as a .Southern man •• we have been impoverished by our folly.” But while he ad mits bankruptcy in negroes or their equivalent he discovers advantages which arc to come to North and all parts oHhc world, the'inBuxIsr which will cause new energies to be aroused, new enterprises adopted apd improvements to be made. More than all this the greatest boon which will be recognised out of the severe chastisement for such “stupendous folly” is the right to think, to differ in thinking and expressing our opinions with the right "to look over this land and pray, that all of Ad am’s race may be elevated to dignity and hap piness.” He closes his manly confessions and coun sels with a belief in the final prosperity cf Georgia, of all the Southern States stripped of sectional prejudices, marching ou in arts, civilization and wealth to tho music of the Union. As his views, his instructions are perhaps the same as will apply to South Carolina we recommend a careful perusal of the Address and believe, that by so doing, many points, up on which misunderstanding has already exis ted, will bo made clear. The more light we have on the great questions at issue the bet ter. Those whom the Government trust we must except as the expounders of its la^r and rule. Gov. Johnson knows his duty and strives to show it to otherj. Ourselvea. W e acknowledge the very flattering commen dations which our patrons and the Press are bestowing upon us, for we are assured that our intent at least has been appreciated; we shall strive in our future numbers to ingirove in every thing that goes to make up a readable and profitable paper. Our circulation is in creasing and the citizens are encouraging us by their good will expressed as well he adding their names to our Subscription list. We a- gain invite the residents of Georgetown, Hor ry, Darlington, Williamsburg. Marion, Sum ter. Kershaw, Chesterfield and Marlboro to send in their favors. Throughout these Districts we shall distrib ute “ Tur New Era,” and the Merchant who has goods to dispose of, the citizen who has a desire to know what is transpiring will find our columns the proper channels to effect snch n-result. We mean that •« The New Eea” shall not lack in whnt is required of n first elans paper and we hope to meet with the support of all who believe in enterprise nnd honest endeavor A communication from “Edwards,” winch we publish in this number, will ahow how we are received at Florence and we call attention to tiro common sense view he takes of the nc- cesities of the hour. We hope to hedl from him again and often. Still they ere Coming. Prior to July 10th 012 persons had taken the Oath of Allegiance at Coawayboro, Horry District, and still they are coming in freely. Fire Am*. We have often expressed the opinion that the having and using of fire arms to the ex tent that is permitted in the communities at present ia prejudicial to the safety of even those who possess them. Under the existing state of affair* while the people are emerging voluntarily or involunta rily from the notions, usages and confirmations of the past; while half persuaded they strive to forget the laws of their former rule, the absolutism of their power and conform to the necessities of the hour; much may arise, ma ny things conspire to annoy and inflame them. In the discussions which they may have in their own minds upon the change in their es tates or “property” acquisitions, which the results of war have forced upon them, they may fancy themselves infringed upon, and too often indulge in what may stimulate the baser passions—the fiercer resolutions to^unjustifia- ble acts. Wc do not belong to the class that would un necessarily alarm any. We do not desire to make our columns the medium of inhuman barbarities; or “tell the North” the world of Judge Sharkey, the newly appointed Gov ernor of Mississippi, was formerly Chief Jus tice of the State, and is a man of integrity and ability. of the freediucn on our plantations. We would rather chronicle the fact of proper and considerate treatment, wise and humane policy, commendable and noble acquicsence to the appointments, systems and demands inau gurated over us, and compel those who have the least faith in our good sense, prudence or submission, to acknowledge the willingness with which wc bow to the new order of things and accept the results of former indiscretious, errors. While we can do so in a general sense we are, as faithful scribes, bound “to speak of men and things as we find them.” We Imre during our short stay iu the district seen sev eral cases of the unwarrantable use of fire arms by tho planters. We have seen men and women shot by those, who, perhaps, had “put some enemy in their mouths to steal nway their brains," and, while under such influence felt themselves "the masters of other days.” Frccdmen have been before us, too, who have been unmercifully whipped, cruelly stub bed and shamefully maimed by tho parties with whom they had made, or were about to make agreements for labor. Such evidences of malice and wrong; such exhibitiens of revenge and hate are not par donable nor justifiable. No man has a right to take the law in his own hands—to take life save in defense of his own. The shooting or maiming of men and women must be (if they have been winked at in the past) considered only as crimes punishable with the rigorous penalties of the law. The black man is not to receive any farther protection than the white from the Government which recognises his right "to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness no further sympa thy will the ex-slave have than that which will guard his prerogative* with the same jealous care which every citizen of our glorious land has received. totittVrtnWwflWP*.H^r m'ftwMl’I.Yu/HT- Vs injure the power that has conquered the exist ing relations, to wound the Government, “it w ill not be well" for any to vent such feelings upon the least even among the now made citi zens of the Republic. Men cannot make a target of their fellow-men. or practice their skill in shooting at the freedmen s heads with out endangering their own. There lies at present, at the Tost Hospital, a victim of unlicensed cruelty ; a poor negro shot by one of Thuggish propensities and un bridled rage. The culprit, Wallace, is still at large, though the officers of the law arc upon his track. (Since writing the above, Wallace has been arrested and is now in jail.) An ex ample made of one such murderous felon would be a salutary lesson. Tho peace and safety of the community depends upon the punish ment of all criminals, without regard to station or extraction, Beside the opportunity which the possession of fire-arms gives to the mal-content, the un reconciled, for wilful injury; we often" hear of the most painful and heart-rending occurrences, that, by accident, arc visited upon families and commuurties through these instruments of death and torture. A correspondent of the Charleston Courier, writing from Sumter on the 22d ult., details the follow ing distressing instance of the truth we have enlarged so freely yet so necessarily upon. Deeply do we commiserate the afflicted family in this mournful event, and trust that its calamity may serve as a caution to others who handle deadly weapons to look well, to think well before they use them. “A most distressing occurjence took place in an adjoining district a few nights ago. An old gentleman residing in the country who, from the circumstances, must have anticipated and prepared for a visit from robbers, hearing some one on his premises at night, hailed three times, and reciving no answer, fired bis gun with fatal effect at the object of bis suspicions and his fears. Advancing to ascertain the ef fect of his shot, with indescribable anguish he discovered the body of his son in the last ag onise of" dee h—a aon who had long been a prisoner at the North, and whose partial deaf ness prevented his bearing his father’s cbal lenge. After a long and wearisome absence from home, he was thus strangely killed as he stepped upon its threshold, by the father whom he loved and longed to greet. A few moments more and his return would have given joy and gladness to the entire household—a household now wrapt in grief inconsolable by this most terrible and afflictive event. A sad warning to all, for even in the present unsettled state of the country, and notwithstanding the compar ative impunity with which robberies and mur ders have been commit ted in some neighbor hoods, one cannot be too cautious in the use of fire-arms.” Appointment for the Provoit Court The list of appointments being incomplete for the Provost Court in the Fourth Sub. Dis trict, the following officers have been elected — members of that Court, whidh is to have ju risdiction over the Districts of Chesterfield and Marlboro and bold its sittings at Cheraw. 1st. Lieut. W. E. Leiouton, Co. A. lat. Me. A Decree of Confiscation Gone Forth. A correspondent of the New York Uerald, writing from Richmond on the 10th inat., says that a Confiscation Department bos been duly inaugurated in that city> under the management of JuAec Underwood, with We eoa mom.of his chief officers. The work of confiscation has begun, or the preliminary steps to such an act have already been taken. Great excitement prevails among those who come under the $20,000 clause of the Amnesty Proclamation, and those who have been dreaming that they w'ere secure under the pardon which they have but lately received from the President, inasmuch as the Richmond delegation have been impressed with the belief that pardon only remit* the offence of treason, leaving them liable to the penalties decreed by the Confiscation Act. That is, in the response of the President to the Richmond delegation, he left them to un derstand, that, while their persons wcie dc- J clured safe from the penalties of treason through 1 the pardon bestowed, their property must pay 1 the penalties of their criminalities. The city is much agitated on the subject, and those who — 1< ~ u —u-uhahililr of their “quitting the wreck” with three or four hun dred thousand dollars ’are alarmed about the fate of their property, and regret that they did not sell when t.'iey had an opportunity. They had many favorable offers but refused thorn because they had an idea that property would rapidly enhance under the influences of com petition among purchasers expected from with in and without the country. The Tredegar Works, the property of Gen. Anderson ; the Spottswood Hotel, the proper ty of S. H. Crenshaw ; the United States Ho tel, of the Cabell family; the Exchange Ho tel, of Lancaster £ Son; the St. Charles Ho tel, which was used as a hospital by tho rebel government, owned by a wealthy firm in Richmond; the Haxall Estates; several houses owned by William C. Allen ; a large number of other residences, as well as nearly three-fourths of the lots in the burnt district, have been enumerated in the Confisca tion list, and notices have been served upon the tenantry to pay no more rent to the parties from whom they have hired their dwellings. Agents arc engaged taking descriptions of property coming under the Confiscation Act, and the opinion prcva.ls that tho agrarian pol icy is to be enforced; that the decree condemn ing private property to the public use is not con fined to special traitors, hut to be visited upon nil who have been proved disloyal to the United States government, and who possess property worth over twenty thousand dollars. Such a condition of things creates conster nation, and all operations in business arc at a stand still. Those who have held hack their cotton and tobacco, secreted it from the public gaze, and anticipated munificent returns in the sale of these staples, will now fail to meet their foreign purchasers with large prices and gold en payments. Very little sympathy seems to he expressed for the subjects of the decree, for, it is said, through a grinding system ef speculation a- mong poor families, upon whom great sorrow and suffering have been brought. The axe of retribution has fallen, nnd from the compre hensive measures adopted, movements begun, the reward of the infidelity of thoso who have coined their wealth in blood and sedition, is now about to be visited upon them. The fifth section of the instructions or direc tions to officers of Government in the procla mation of President Johnson, appointiog B. F. Perry Provisional Governor of South Car olina, contains an evident intent in this regard. It will be found on the outside of this paper. Bat., Provoet^dge. ^PA. Johnson, Co. D. 1st. Me. UL Lieut. Bat. 2d. Lieut. Sylvester L. Btowy, Co. A. 1st Maine Bat Correction. A very important correction is made in the first clause or Exception of the Amnesty Proc lamation in this days issue. The error exist* ed in the printed copy which we cut from a newspaper and which we made n complete transcript of in abacence of n more official document. It will be found that, although the spirit of the Exception mentioned is in the clause allu ded to, yet the whole intent is not conveyed. Instead of reading “ nil who are, or who ahnU have been pretended servants or diplomatic of ficers otherwise, or foreign agents of the pre tended government,”—aa corrected, it should read—“ All who are, or shall have been pra- tended, civil or diplomatic officers, or other wise domestic or foreign agents of the preten-- ded Confederate Government.” Repent and Beliere. Among our late exchanges ws find “ Tho Raleigh Daily Progress,” a well conducted and spicy sheet from which we take the fol lowing significant letter of the Rev. Bcrwell Temple who,' having once been among the most disloyal and stood as long as there was n r 1 — u by the Davis despotism, now ac knowledges to whom boner belongeth and ren ders unto the powers that be his loyal con fessions:—•• it is done as it was commanded and yet there is room.” Raleigh, N. C., —, 1865. Meiers Editor!:—In reading your paper of June 19, 1805, my eye caught an extract from the New York Times, headed “ Make Haste Slowly,” which 1 was well pleased with. It carries in it good sense—good reasoning—and as truthful as truth is true ; and if carried out will add much strength to the Union. 1 hope the “powers that be” will act in accordance with said article, as much good would result therefrom. I would now say to the people generally, lay aside all prejudice—bitter feelings—and com ply v.ith the terms issued by the President of the United .States—become loyal—take the oatli as prescribed to support the Constitution and laws of the United States. I believe it to be our duty, more especially the children of God, for two reasons ; first, our country calls for b and second, God enjoins on us so to do. bee om. xiii. 1, 2 : “ Let every soul be sub ject to the higher powers. For there is no power but of God : the powers that be, are or dained of God. Whosoever, therefore, rcsis- teth the power, rcsisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation.” Let us as Christians pray toGod to guide the counsels of the head of our gov ernment in such away as shall be for our wel fare and the glory of God. See 1st Tim. ii. I, 2, 3 ; “I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications,'prayers, intercessions and giv- iug of thanks, be made for all men; for kings, and for all that arc in authority ; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. For this is good nud acceptable in tho sight of God our Saviour.” BUR WELL TEMPLE. Business! Business! One of the surest indications of the reviving of trade and the enterprise of our lively grow ing town is the number of Stores and business men that are being established among us. The necessities of the people have been long and are many. Everybody must provide for their household and personal wants. There is something needed in parlor, pantry, kitchen and chamber. Breakage, leakage, damage in many ways have been experienced and all arc seeking to supply the loss or make up the de ficit. The mot» Stores too the less extortion ; the more competition in trade the more reasonable will tacse wants be filled. Wc welcome the arrival of traders in our midst and call the at tention of the public to the advertisement of M«srs. B. A. & J. F. Early, merchants of Lharleslon, S. C., as among the most import ant for their consideration. They may he found Early & late attentive to all who may favor them with their custom. I hey have a fine Stock of Goods and are de termined that none shall outdo them (n ef forts to please or in prices to suit. They stand ready with Spe ve. Green Backs or Goods to deal with their ; . .-on*. Success is their mot to. Give them Farly call. Early to trade—Early to buy ; Makes a man wealthy in purse and supply. Stamp Duties. We have for the convenience of those who are once more entering into business under tho new era and who wish to conform to the laws COMMUNICATED. Florence. July 20th, 1805. The New Era was greeted with hearty sat isfaction by all in this neighborhood, who were favored with a copy of the first number. The neat and finished appearance of the sheet is creditable to the publishers, as well as to the beautiful town of Darlington, one of the pret- tr, lha Ateto where it was fostered '"‘a existence. May it receive the large patronage which its merits deserve it should have, and may its messengers of peace and good will be carried to its patrons throughout the District iu which it is published. The people of the State are passing through a severe trial in consequence of the disorgan ized condition of the labor, upon which tho cultivation of the soilmiainly depends; but it is earnestly Loped that careful, prudent and wise counsels may prevail, and all may yet be well, not only resulting to the benefit of the employed but of the employer. Labor is hon orable in all, and the stronger this is impressed upon the community the sooner will the poor white man realize the fact that labor is not the peculiar province of the black, and when the black man sees the white man labor, he will the sooner feel less disposed to shirk his share of work suited to his condition and capacity. We want sadly more artizans among us, men that can make our shoes, -hats, hoes, ploughs, brooms, brushes and the thousand and one articles of utility and ornament which has made South Carolina dependent upon England and New England to furnish. Wo want cotton and woolen factories, nail and iron works. In fact we want to be independent, and not the slaves of an old fogy notion, that we were alone an agricultural people. Let the new era of our existence be brighter than the past. Wc are yet young and lusty, and if we brush the film from our eyes we will see a bright future for the Palmetto State. Let us have wisdom from on high, and willing hearts and hands to do the work set before us, and my word for it South Carolina will retain a proud position in the glorious Federal Union. We hare a bad set of fire-eating politicians, let us wipe them out of our book of retnem- Let not the followers and bad teach ings of Calhoun form part of our creed, but rather let us follow the teachings of our own judgments. Let the people—the poor white maw—think for himeelf, and set according to his thinking, vote as become* a freeman.— Let us have common schools, that any man or chiiil in the land may enjoy the blessings of a good education, and uo bod leaders will ever carry the good old State of South Carolina into the dread vortex of a revolution, and the actors in the 1st* scenes, or at least the leaders, will be remembered only to be t classed with th'se of 8h .y’s rebellion. H«rt- a» they have been established in regard to ] M ConVentionirtsVthe WM^ey'nbeiiion. trftde, compiled and published •• A complete Table of Stamp Duties" which will be found necessary to consult and a valuable table for reference. These Stamp Duties are imposed on articles ctf trade, bn forms of agreement, on professions and occupations aa a'means of Internal Reve nue to the Govnrnment. Although these Stamps are necessary to make our sets and works law- 1 ful and should be annexed to every document or article named in the Schedule, yet no instru ment, bond or any legally negotiated paper, will we think, be vitiated on account of the absence of them. As soon as the proper offieers reach us we can avail ourselves of the Stamps and place them upon whatever requires (hem. which was a *p“cimen of nullification, suppres sed by the masterly wisdom of Washington. The military authorities at this place, by their sound, practical wisdom in making judi cious and sensible decisions betweon planters and the fYeedmen, have received, ns they rieh- ly deserve, the universal approbation of the people, and it is hoped thnt the sound, good sense heretofore displayed wiU continue to govern their future. Marketing comes in slowly, nnd is eagerly bought up by troops nnd eitisens. An active competition would bring down the prieeswbieh at present are entirely too high. Let us have n new ere in our markets; let them be abun dantly stocked, and by Increased sales the ven dor will have an increased profit. Remember ing the old adage “a nimble sixpence is worth more (ban a slow shilling,” will stimulate him to increased activity and a less disposition to extort. V EDWARDS.