The Carolina Spartan. (Spartanburg, S.C.) 1852-1896, February 05, 1857, Image 1
by cavis & trimmer. Dwottib to southern hxo[l)ts, palitics nnti fuiscdlmm. *2 per annum.
vol. xiii. spartanburg, s. c., thursday, february 5, 1857. . ' '
_ ,
THE CAROLINA SPARTAN. ?ft.
BY OAVIS & TRIMMIEJR. ?
" the
T. 0. P. VERNON", Associate Editor. of i
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CAROLINA SPARTAN. ?
" THE DRAINAGE BILL.
. . nial
The following net to promote the im- (jra;
provement of swamp lands was passed at or c
tho late session of our Legislature, and is corf
now in full force: Pon
An Act to promote tho draining and improvement
of Inland Swainps. ^
I. Be it enacted by tho Senate and llouse jam
of Representatives, now met and silling in fron
General Assembly, and by the authority of
the same, That whenever two-thirds or I an_
more of the proprietors of tho lands lying jm,
in any inland swamp, owning uot less than gjJt4j
two-thirds of such swamp, shall associate a ,,
themselves together by written articles of '
agreement, for tho purpose of draining and R[ p
improving the same, (to bo filed and re- Qf t|
corded in tho Clerk's office of the district
in which the said land or tho larger por- j
tion iheroof may lie,) thoy shall thereupon
become and bo a body corporate for the Pr.?!
purpose aforesaid, by tho name of tho proprietors
of said swamp, designated by tbe rJl *'
name by which it is commonly called aud ?
known, and shall havo power and authority
to make and ordain by-laws for the regu- .'l J'
lation and government of such corporation, -j" '
not inconsistent with any law or statuto of
force within this State, and to make such " 1
assessments of money and labor on tho e
members of the corporation as may be re- con
quisito for carrying into effect the objects
thereof. " hHV
II. That it shall be lawful for every such t|1CT
corporation, by its agents, surveyors, ongi- or
ncers and assistants, to enter upon any vjr^
lands and premisos lying in or near the ,
swamp, for the draining and improvement
whereof such corporation shall have been f7U
formed, and owned by persons not being )1,1
members of such corporation, lor the pur- ' 1,0
pose of inspecting, examining, aud survey- 011
ing the same; and if it shall appear, by the OI\
report of a competent engineer, to be nocossary
for the draining and improvement of b l'\
such swamp, that any canal, water way, ditch, *UC
drain, dam, embankment, sluice, flood-gate 'V ,
or other work, should bo maduor construct- t 11
1. . - -
iu, miuugu ur upon any lanus ol any |jusj
person not a member of the corporation,
and no agreement can be made for obtain- je0|
ing the consent of the owner of said laud ^
thereto, theu such corporation may apply, jjia
by petition to the Court of General Sessions gj j
and Common Pleas of the district in which ^
such land is situated, (and if it lies iu several
districts, to the court of either of said ^ j
districts,) setting forth the facts of the case, s
and praying that Commissioners may be ap- jinj
pointed by tbo Court, to ascertain and assess j,UK;
the value of the land which would be oc- ^
cupied by such works, and also the amount ftn j
of loss or damage which the making orcou
structiou thereof would cause to the owner poay
of the land; a copy of which petition, to- '
gather with a copy of the engineer's report j(,.u
upon which it is founded, and notice in wri- s^a|
ting of the time aud place at which the
same will be brought to a hearing, shall for(1
be served upon the owner of the land at |
least ten days before such homing. And egoc
upon the hearinfir of such netition umIm. ; .
be denied by aflid..*it that it is necessary 0f g
for the draining and improvement of such j .
swamps to make or construct any such
works as aforesaid, through or upon the lire '
land owned by any person not a member of
the corporation, and aflirtned in the same un 1
manner that such swamp can be as well nct*
and effectually drained and improvod without
oncroaehiug upon any such land, tho "cr
Court shall appoint ibreo competent and dia- * c
interested persons to bo Commissioners for
the purposes aforesaid. And tho persons so
appointed, having first been duly sworu to ? ,
execute and perform tbe duties assigned
them as such Commissioners, truly and im- ":it<
partially, and to tho best of their judgment "
and ability, shall proceed to inspect and wn
examine tho premises, giving at least three "
days' previous notice of .such inspection n
and examination to tho parties interested, lo }
and after such inspection and examination u'
to make the valuation aforesaid, and return .* e
the same in writing under their hands to Ject
tho Court. Hut in caso of such denial and 8Jimt
affirmation as aforesaid, the issuo so made 1 'e
shall be submitted in a summary manner ? ' 1
to a jury, and upon tho finding of the c
jury, if the same shall be for tbe peti- 9W,ir.
tiouers, Commissioners shall bo appointed coM\
and proceed hs before directed; but if the
jury tmU for the respondent* or defendant*,
no appointment of Commissioner* eh all bo rj ji(
made: Provided, That either party may j^'c
more for a new trial; but not more than ;
one new trial shall be allowed in any case
on the same issue. Either party may apr ~f
peal from the valuation and assessment P""'
made by the Commissioners to the Court ^l,aw
at its next session after such valuation and I ro,nc
assessment, giving reasonable notice of such 'eon
appeal to the other parly; whereupon the "rno
Court shall cause a new valuation and as 8a'? :
cessment to be made by a jury, aud their a P11
verdict shall l?e final and conclusive, unless be Vf
a new trial be granted: Provided, That not
more than ono new trial shall be allowed in Ti
any such case of valuation and assessment, a bo
Upon the final determination of such valua- stanc
tion and assessment, oithor by the return of No c
the Commissioners not appealed from, or that
in case of appeal by the finding of a jury noxt
not appealed from, or upon a second finding j pock<
Br k now lifi is granted, and upon pn
nt of the amount of such valuation at
essmotit to tho party entitled to rccei
i same, or upon tender and refusal thet
?nd payment of the same into Court,
ill bo lawful for the corporation, at i
iea thereafter, bv its officers and agon
enter upon tho land to which such valu
i and assessment had refereuce, for tl
pose of making and constructing, mai
ring and keeping in repair, any 6U<
rk as aforesaid. In all cases of appe
costs shall be awarded, and the colic
1 thereof enforced as in cases of trespa
tho case.
II. That if any person owning land in <
r any inland swamp, for tho drninii
1 improvement whereof any such corp
on shall have been formed, not being
ubor of the Bame, or any tenant or agei
uch person, shall, for tho purpose
ining, flowing, or in any manner usin(
?filing or drawing profit from such ian
ke use of any canal, water-way, ditc
in, dam, embankment, sluice, flood gat
>thor work made or constructed by sue
loration, without the oonscnt of the co
?tion, such owner or tenant shall bo iiub
ay to the corporation such reasonable rci
efor as tlioy may demand, notoxceedin
third of tho clear annual value of tl
1, including auy addition thoroto derive
i the use of any such work as aforcsaii
it if tho ownor of the land, in or net
inland swamp, for Iho draining an
rovement whereof any such corporatio
1 have been formed, desires to becorc
notubcr of such corporation, instead ?
ing rent as above provided, he shall t
ibcrty to do so by paying his proporlio
be expenses incurrod by the compan;
i interest on the same.
V. That all the lands drained and in
red by any corporation formed as afori
, aud owned by members of bucIi corpi
on, shall be liable for tbo debts <
corporation; and if tho land of an
uber of auy such corporation shall L
sn in execution and sold to satisfy an
5meat or deciee against thecorporatioi
person whose land shall have been s
3u in execution and sold shall bo cnt
to receive, as compensation therefor, b
liibutiou from the oilier tnembors of tl
Juration, the value thereof, and shn
e the beucfit of tho lien of such judi
it or decree for enforcing the pay met
eof; for which purposo such judgmei
decree shall remain in full force an
uc.
r. That any person having a legal <
itablo estate, in fee or for life, in lan
g in any inland swamp, or in lan
>ugh or upon which it may bo nccessai
take or construct any work for draiiiiu
improving any such swamp, (exeoj
e trustees without beneficial interest
I bo deemed a proprietor or owner <
i land for the purposes of this act; an
every case in which any such perso
1 be an infant, married woman, idiot <
ttic, tho gttar<?iu of such infant, th
band of such married woman, and iTi
milteo of such idiot or lunatic, shall h
lied a proprietor or owner of such lan
the purposes of this act: J'rovidec
t such guardiau, husband or comiuitte<
I apply in a summary way, by petitioi
? ? ,r '
it uuuivui uiiniivurjr, ill ueu.'ill Ol 11)01
cctive infants, wives, idiots or lunatic
eavo to bocomo members of any coi
itiou formed under this act for drainin
improving the swamp in which lit
I of such infants, wives, idiots and luui
are situatod, in respect of such land:
the said Court shall have power to ir
e into the propriety of granting sue
e, and to make sue!) order therein n
seem meet; and if the Court shall gran
e, it shall bo lawful for the person wl>
1 have presented the petition to bocom
arty to tho articles of association fu
ling such corporation in respect of sue
I, and the same shall be as binding an
tual to all intents and purposes as i
i person had been the actual proprieto
ueli laud.
I. That every swamp, except such n
commonly called river swamps, or rive
otns, or river margins, shall be deemc<
aland swamp for the purposes of tbi
II. That every corporation forinod tin
tho provisions of this act shall hav
hairman and a secretary, and shal
i regular rniuutcs of its proceedings.
III. That whonevor two-thirds or inor
le proprietors of tho swamp or bottrn
s lying on any river, creek, or othe
ir course, owning not less than two-third
1 such swamp or bottom, shall enter int<
ten articles of agreement that sucl
np or bottom shall be deemed and ta
to bo an inland swamp, and be suhjoc
ho provisions of this act, such swamr
uitoiii shall thereupon be deemed anc
n to bo an inland swamp, and be sub
to all the provisions of this act, in tlx
i manner as other inland swamps, anc
owners thereof shall bo invested will
be rights, powers, and privileges here
fore given to tho owners of inlanc
nps, and shall bo subject to the same
itions and obligations.
C. That where said inland swamp ii
3d to tho amount of two-thirds by on<
'idual, ho or she shall possess all tlx
Is and powers conferred by this act on
corporation aforesaid.
itrriiKRN Quarterly Review.?This
icntion, from its commencement ir
Orleans, by Mr. Whitaker, until it<
val from Charleston, n period of tliir
years, or twenty-six volumes complete
v and neatly half bound, is offered foi
at the original subscription price. Tc
L?lic or privato library the work would
iluable.
ie Wrono Noobe.?Ichabod Origgs
bcr, industrious man, in easy circurn
es, hung himself near Danville, Va
ause is known for the rash act, exccpl
he was to have been married on the
day. The license was found in his
St.
y- DEATH OF IiUGII MILLER,
^ OF KIlINPUnOH, SCOTLAND.
. L In coinmou with thousauds in this coui
try, wo are shocked at the sudden nnuounc
ment of tho death, under distressing ei
ts cumstnnces, of this eminent man. It seen
8' but yesterday that he rccoived us in h
own house, conducted us through tho mi
soutn wbicli cost him so much labor to co
^ lect, nnd in tho imaginary defence of wliic
he seems to have perished by his own ham
* Wo respond to the remarks of tho Scottis
Guardian :
"Tho nnnouneoment of tho death of Hug
Miller will he hoard with a thrill of gem
or ino 6orrow throughout the Church in whic
he was a standaid hearor?throughout Sco!
?' land, of which he was ono of the most cot
R spicuous ornaments?throughout tho worl
at of science, which associates his honore
namo with those of the men most distil
P> guished in our day, as fellow-workers i
<L building up the stately fabric of the moder
geology." The intelligence was commun
?? cated to the public in the following tern
'l from the ollico of the paper of which ho w;
r' editor:
Witness Office, Deo. 24.
"SUDDEN DEATH OF Mil. IIUGII MILLER.
'3 "It is our melancholy duty to unnounc
10 this sad event. Mr. Miller had been ill f<.
some time?working bard and late at nigh
in completing bis new work on Geolog;
u lie had become, in conscqueuce, subject t
^ aggravated attacks of night-mare, whic
n partook of tho nature of soniuambt
10 iism. Some time ago attempts had bee
made to break into his museum; and h<
)<J in consequence, bad always slept with
n loaded revolver on tho table by bis 6id<
>' Yesterday, on account of headache and ur
refreshing sleep, he had seen his medict
I- advisors, who had warned him of ovcrvvorl
3- and prescribed suitably. Last night, accoi
0- ding to their request, he had taken a wart
of sponge bath, and retired early to res
y After having slept some considerable liini
?e lie had apparently awaked in a fit of iiighi
y mare, and, taking up tho pistol, had react
i, ed the bed-room door, as far as the ball
io which hud been left, aftor use, in the nc
1- joining nparltuont. There the pistol ha
iV tvnU^ ?-- K.-II-A !- 1 -
, 111 u iMiiivL passing lUIOllgll II)
10 clio.it, and dentil must have been instant*
11 neons. The sound not having boou bear
at this hour of the night by any of th
it household, Mr. Miller's body was not dh
kt covered til! this morning. Under existin
d circumstances, wo cannot at present dwe
further on this sad calamity."
>r To the abovo distressing particulars tli
j Scotsman adds the following remarks:
"However sadly this narrative may touci
y Mr. Millor's immediate friends, it will be t
lliem less startling than to others unwar
>l o! his peculiar temperament, and of his rt
\ cent slate of health as a sufferer from nei
vous depression and irritation. Mr. Mille
,1 has fallen n victim to overwork of llio brai
n ?the peculiar malady of these days, and c
)r men of his class. Such, we know, was am
q had long been lii.s own conviction. Year
0 ago, and again within these two or line
>o days, lie was pleassd, in the goodness of hi
,1 heart, to warn the writer of the?c few has
ty and halting words against what h
j, thought dangers of that class, pointing t
,t his own case as an example deterring fron
x continuous efforts and anxieties. In llii
S) respect, however, Mr. Miller suffered, w
r. suspect, from a somewhat peculiar tempo
,r Hinout?he did not work easy, but will
0 laborious special preparation, and then will
throes that tortured him during the process
s and left him exhausted afterward. In say
ing this, however, we speak only of th
|, more recent years; and it is at least six u
l9 seven years since we heard him complaii
it that hard work had left him only 'half i
0 man,' and that he could Jo only half worl
0 with double toil.
r "Although apparently a man of pbysica
I. as wnll no innml 1.- ' - 1
,, . ... vwnilAO iimu :i curiou
,1 tendency to keep fire anus about bis hous
if and person. When bo lived at Sjlvar
,r j Place, to the south of the Meadow*, be wa
i accustomed, when going iioine after night
s fall, to carry a loaded pistol, and, fron
r some allusions in bis work, 'First Itnpres
j sionsof England,1 it appears that he follow
9 ed tho same piactico when travelling, or a
least when on his pedestrian excursion*
One of liis very oldest friends, ordinarih
e residing in a distant part of the country, joc
II ulnrly surprised him one night twoorthrei
years ago in a well-frequented Kdinburgl
y street, and was amazed by bis suddenly
j turning round and piesenting a pistol. W<
' believe that the habit was acquired by Mr
s Miller when be was accountant in a ban)
i at Croniarty, and employed occasionally t<
' I carry spocie to tbo other branches. T<
j that habit wo bavo apparently in grea
t j part to ascribe tbo event we to-day doploro
} and wbicli a largo proportion of tbo Scot
' t;si. people will near With startling am
Tl.? :?: i-~?- ' ?? ?* ?
a 4iiv- j?im<_ij/i?i nu iucms ui nir. .Miner s 111*
j have been made familar to tho public ir
( his delightful autobiographical volume, "M\
Schools and School masters." llis first lit
j : erary production* appeared in the columns
a | of tlie Inverness Courier, when Mr. Millei
i was working as a journeyman mason ii
. ! Cromarty; and the accomplished editor o
. that journal, Mr. Carruthors, has told us, as
, i illustrating his homely habits at thai time
( and which novor altogether forsook him
when he was placed in a more elevated
j social position, that he was accustomed t<
w?uk up to Inverness wit'u his communications
on lite Saturday afternoons, always
I wearing his mason's leathern apron. His
4 collected papers, written between tho year1820
and lb32, "in leisuro hours snatched
j from a laborious employment, or durine
r the storms of winter, when the worker in
| tho open air lifts to seek shelter At home,"
appealed in 1under tho title of "Scenes
and Legends ?.f tho North of Scotland, or
the Traditional History of Cromarty," and
? evinced powers of descriptive writing of a
very high order. At nn early period in the
nonintrusion controversy, which rosulted
II in the disruption of tho Church of Scotland,
> Mr. Miller published a loiter addressed to
1 Lord Brougham, defending tht* proceedings
of tho reforming party in tho Church, in a
style of earnest and dignified renionatrnnc
and with a cogency of reasoning and a for<
and facility of expression which at on<
1 pointed him out to the leading men in tli
0 Church as eminently qualified to promol
r" tho popular cause. The result was the e
!s tablishment of tho Witness newspaper, nn
h tho appointment of Mr. Miller as its edito
^ Our readers will remember the zeal nn
energy with which Mr. Miller devoted bin
.' self to the defence of tho church's npiritui
.' liberties. Even beyond the imtnedial
1 sphere of tho contest, his vigorous, lirel;
, and trenchant articles were universally rea
1 and admired, as specimens of powerful cor
}" troversial writing. Beyond nil comparisoi
out of tho Church Courts, Ilugh Miller wri
tho most popular champion the church poi
'J so6sod. At tlie time of her triumphant ex<
' dus, when her ministers and members a*
seiublcd in Canonmills Hall in the full flus
of victory and freedom, the appearnuce <
M none of her det'eudcrs, amidst that vast an
" animated throng--where Chalmers nn
Welsh, Gordon and Cunningham, an
5 Candlish stood conspicuous?elicited plat
dits louder and longer than when Hug
Miller was seen lifting his stalwart fori
and noble bead amongst the people.
To Mr. Miller's versat lo talents, and tli
e varied contributions of his pen to crilicisu
>r art, philosophy, and science, is applicabl
also, moro than to any other w riter of th
day, tho panegyric protouncod upon Golt
.? smith, that there was no branch of know
edge which ho did not touch, nnd whic
l* touching he did not adorn. His most pre
n found work, tiic "Footprints of the Creato
or the Asterolopis of Stromness," is a coi
:i tribution to natural theclogv ofinestimabl
3' importance. It lias been adopted as a tex
1 book by ?oino of the mut eminent teachei
of geology in the Universities; and it In
k' done moro to expose the atheistical fallach
and sophistries of the "V-stigcs of iho Xati
n ral History of Oration" that oven the eh
borato essays of Sedgwick and lire water.
1 New York Observer.
t- ? ?.?
Christ no Writer.
I,
|. One of the most roinaikablo facts in tli
J history of Christ is, that ho left no writing
e behind him, and tho only record thero is <
i- his writing anything is in tho caso whei
J "ho stooped down ami with his finger wrot
e upon the ground." What ho wroto the
and there no one knows; though perliaf
g the most plausible conjecture is that h
[1 wrote the answer to tho question, whetlu
the woman taken in tho art <.f adnltm
e | should be stoncdl "llo that is without si
i among you, let hi in c.^t a stone nl her.
h i Hearer, did this strange fact ever occur t
o you, that lito greatest reformer that eve
0 lived?professnllv the divine teacher set
>. of Ood to reveal his liuth to the worldr.
whose touching* have survived the wrc-c
,r of age>, and now c nniiand tlio crcdencr
i) the respect and the in >sl profound adtuirr
,t ti onof the enlightened world, and who i
J claimed as tho "author unl finisher" of
* great system of faith and practice, has let
e behind hi in no sentence of his writing, au<
s those unknown character* written with lii
i. finger in the sand constitute the sum lots
e of all his writings of vvh eli tl.ero is any a<
u count.'
,, Is there, or has thereovor been, since tli
3 invention of letters, oreven rude bieroglypl
e I ies, any ticli thing as a system of religion
. whose founder did not take special pains t
li reduce his teachings to writing, and thu
li give them the most exact and permanen
i( toiin?
The liraliinins have their Vedas, thoi
e Pou ran as, tie ;r Kamnyai. and their law
r and institutes ..f \!..nn .....I !.?.>?? ? * --
, - ^ 4XVIIU, IIIMI lllliav ??IU * I.
^ written ami preserved with the utmost car*
The Cbiue-e have their hooks of Fohi, thei
\i founder, as opened ar. I expounded by thei
givat Confucius, The Persians have thei
.1 Zendow-ta, attnbuted to their leader, Zor*.
9 aster, containing the doctrine and laws c
c their religion. I ho .lews had their snore*
i books; and M ^ and the prophets, and 1>.i
s vid, and Solomon, put their teachings ii
, writing, that th. v might be preserved,
t Plato an*I 1'yil.agor is, and Cieeero an<
i- Demosthenes, wiote much. Mahorne
- j wrote tin K ear . .* . gave it to the faithfu
I . as their guide, t he writings of Sweden
?. j borgare volumim us; and in our day, ovei
/ 1 the Mormon impos.or wrote his book c
j Mormon. l?ut iu*re comes one who claim
a' precedence even t-? Mosos and Abraham
i j and especially claim-, that a greater thai
f Solomon is in his own person, and an
a nouncing himself as a herald of a new dis
. pensation from (?od. which is to cast Mo
c ses and the prophets in tho shade, and pro
) vail over all other systems, and subdue ou
) entire race, and yet this great teacher wrot
t j never a word, save only the characters it
, ! the sand, which the next breath of win*
! miglrt obliterate. Who enn account foi
i | ibis strung*- proccdUief V\ til it comport a
| all with the idea that he was an impostor
j I >id ever an impostor pursue a couiso lik*
l j this? Never. And it seems to us that in tin
' i single fact to which v e have alluded, there ii
the inipre-s *if truth, and proof that his mis
i i sion is all divine, ilo stands out heforo u
r, asonawho knows that his mission is fron
1 ( a / K1 atiil ll.of * 1 ' "
m.?i it vail Miliiu upuu w? own Hicr
I its. So confident is ho of its power, that lie i:
i; content to breathe it out upon God's air
and leave it to live by it* own inherent ant
self perpetuating immortality, or live not a1
ail. Anil so lio goes about doing good
now teaching in the synagogue and temple
now talking to his disciples as he sits 01
(Olivet ?w by the sea of Galilee, and now
dropping a word as he walks by the way
And there is not manifested the slightest
j apprehension that what lie says will bo lost
* lie writes it not on stone or parchment
N'av, he writes it not at all. ilo seeks on
ly to give it a lodgment in tho hearts ol
tlio few disciples that followed him?tc
make them comprehend it, and feel its pow
er, and love it; and is willing to leave il
there to produce its fruits, and to be writ
i ten by the hand of a flection, if il should b<
written at nil. And on those hearts ho die
impress himself; and they, for the love tliejj
boro him, wrote the meagre sketch wo havt
of his life and teachings.
[ Fie./), Williamson.
o, Charlotte aud her Kecollections.
e Besides tho honor of being tho seal
:o the Convention in 17*75, that issued
'e tirst Declaration of Independence, Charlc
0 in Meckleuburg, North Carolina, hascla
8" upon postority, both singular and merit
oun. The centre of a fertile and popul
r" country, she was doomed to see the hi
of her sons shed and the Declaration
'j Independence of all foreign dominion mi
tained at the point of the British bayo
c Curuwnllis called Charlotte the "horn
nest," and unwilling to pay for BUpji
with so much English blood, after the f
1 battle at King's Mountain became kn<.
3' to biin, his lordship determined to Ic
18 this vexatious post. To prevent unnoyui
s" ho chose to depart suddenly, and in
>m night. Mr. McCalfery, a man of wet
1 and standing, a Scotchman, and residen
f Charlotte, was chosen an their guide to I
. lliein by the upper and nearest route
, South Carolina. After so bewildering
army in the swamps, that much of tl
baggnge was lost, ho contrived to escn
1 and leave the army to find their way
1 the returning light of day.
n Colonel Thomas Polk, so favorably in
Lioncd in the history of the Declarali
c owned property in and around Clmrlc
1' Ilis mill was between two and three rn
south of the village, nml is now called 1
sell's. 11 is body lies interred in the gr
* yard of the village. Over his grave i
* thnt of his wife Susannah, his son Willi
1 Polk, Into of lialeigh, erected a mat
slab, a memorial of bis resting place.
r' The Polk family came early to Meek
3 burg, and in the time of the Kevolut
were numerous and aoine of tuem v
wealthy. They resided, pari of them,
r* tlio bouuds of Sugar Creek congrega:;
48 and part of them in Providence. Ann
38 them was K/okie! Polk, the grandfathe
James K. Pulk, President of the L'ni
j States. Tho descendants have (ill emig
, ed fiom the country, mostly to Tonnes
j or Stales further South.
Garden, in his anecdotes of the Am
can Involution, says: "Nor wore the hu
ie in Mecklenburg in any degree infwrior
;s enthusiasm to the male popultion. 1 I
jf iu the South Carolina and American G
e eral Gazette, from the 2d to tho 9th of
c bruaiy, the following paragraph:
n , "The young ladies of the best faiuilie
is | Mecklenburg countr. V.irili
o entered iuto :t voluntary association, t
;r tlicy ^ ill not receive the addresses of t
y young gentleman at that place, except
u j bravo volunteers who served in tire cxp<
" j lion to South Carolina, and assisted in r
0 doing the Scovalite insurgents. The la*
r * l>oing of opinion that such persons as s
it j loitering at homo, when the important c
- of the country demand their services aim
k i must certainly Lo destitute of that no
?, ness of sentiment, that brave, tnaniv sp
1 | which would qualify them to be the del
i? | ders and guardians of the fair sex."
a ! "The Indies of the adjoining county
ft Rowan have desired the plan of a sitn
d association lo Lo drawn up and prepared
is signatures."?Sleelcucs of Xurth Crfroli
. The Etymology ok a Lsdy.?The st;
mont of Col. Benton, that the word "la
c is nowhere used in the Scriptures, is, so
, as the original is concerned, literally tr
if The word itself is of comparatively mod
d invention, and there is no word in the <
s ginal of the Scriptures that ha* any sigi
it j cation corresponding with that of tiro w
I "lady," as at present received. In view
r ! the subject, llic following 'clip' is from
s j old Scotch publication called''The Chr ist
11 j Teacher:"
?. j "A Lauv.?The word lady is an abl
r ! viation of the Saxon I.ujTihuj, which si?;
r lies lirtoulyivcr. Tho mistress of a mar
r ; at a time when affluent families resii
1 constantly at their country mansions, \
r accustomed once a week, or ofiener, to ?
I tribute among the poor a certain quant
of bread. Slio bestowed the boorr with
own hand, and made il*< hearts of tbe tie.
| glad by tbe soft words and tho gentle s
i i i-nilies I.a- 1. -
LI I w...,.?u.wu ..V. UC.ICVUICI
t j The widow and the orphan 'rose up, t
I called hor blessed*?the destitute and
. ! atllicted recounted her praises?all claj
a of the poor embalmed her in their aQ
,( : lions as the Laffday?tho giver of br<
s j and dispenser of comfort?a sort of mil
lering angel in a world of sorrow. Win
, a lady now? Is it she who spends I
days in self indulgence, and her nights
tho dissipation of folly? Is it she who
vnls tho gaycty of the butterfly, but ha
the industrious hum of the 'busy beef'
r it she who wastes, on candy finery, \\l
B would make many a widow's heart sing
j joy, and who, when the rags of the orph
1 tlutler botbro her in tho wind, *ighs foi
place of refuge, as if the pestilence were
I , the bree/ui This tuay be *a woman
j fashion'?she may be an admired ami
, admiring follower of the gay world."
The I'ress in London and in n
! York.?Tlireo actions for libel have rooe
, ' ly been tried in London, and in each c;
the defendants have been acquitted. II
' tho cases been tried in New York, each
the defendants would have been convict
Wo have noticed repeatedly that Engl
j j juries are the staunch and unfiinchi
1 Irion.), orfrl... I?? -- ? - ' '
^ iiiviimo vm me i ?<.*.?, jiii i iiihi ii 11 very <
t licult in nnv part of (ireat llritain to ge
' verdict against an editor, while here
' editor can scarcely escaoe, and jttrio* ini
riably hold "that everything which i? i
complimentary to a man is libellous." T
' proceeds somewhat fr?>m the careless m.
ner in which many of our editors make tli
statements and assail personal character, a
also from the manner in which thev liabi
P ally abuse each other. So long as ? <Iit<
accuse each other <>f motives and condi
) that would disgrace the inmates if t
( t State prison, they should not complain
the community esteem them according
their own report.?Porter's Spirit of' i
| Times.
' A bill has pa?sod the Wisconsin Leg
: laluro excluding negroes, inu'attoes, In
ans and black persons from being witnos
in that Slate.
| Cuba and Annexation. ?
l of Wo perceive tlint tho subject of the an- ?,
ilic nexation of Cuba i? reviving with renewed f0
ttc, force iu tbo minds of tlie people. Filibus- fr
ima tering, or rutlier stealing, the "gem of tbo .J(
ori- Antilles" is given up, we are bappy to say, ^
ous and tho "sober Becoml thought" of the V(
ood "solid people" i?, that if we have Cuba at
i of all, it must be by fair and bonest means; in
pin- other words, having a national treasury lc
net. full to repletion, and Spain beiDg bankrupt, j(
el's wo must take advantage of her necessities, n)
lies plank down the cash and own Cuba. We Q)
atal see no objection to this course; it will satis* n
>wn fy honest people at home and abroad; and aj
arc us it is now admitted that Kansas will come fr
ic.-, in as a free State, it is quite likely that the ftl
the Southern politicians will favor a peacenblo _j
llth acquisition of Cuba, as an offset, and Mr.
tin Buchanan's wishes, expressed before bo was
cad 1'resident elect, of securing both these ad- y
i to vantages to the L'nion, will nrobablr be ro
.1. _n -
me | HUzetl under his administration. The uni- c]
leir i versal desire in the North to have the su- j1(
tpe, I gar tariff repealed will probably be gratified fr
bv by the absorption of Cuba, so that we ahull
have cheaper sugars, without any violent s|
icu- change, and tho Louisiana planters will
ion, most likely transfer their interests to Cuba, j(
itte. and thus will bo quietly and peaceably ap y
ties preprinted by tho United States the great
Bis- monopolies of sugar, cotton and tobacco, all -,t
a%e relying upon slave labor for their support, y
and and rendering tho institution permnuent, ,r
hiii beyond control?for so long as these great- ^c
rl?!o c?t staples of human wants are in demand,
so long will the slave bo profitable, ami so ?.]
Ion- long will those interested in bis fortunes je
ion have intluence in our national councils to
ery protect and maintain the relation of slave
, in ami mastor. Tho annexation of Cuba Becms Q
ion, to lo demanded mutually by the people of c,
30^1 the North and South. To the first named, g
r ot 1 because it will give u* a necessary of life 01
ited j cheaper; to tho second, because it will c;
rat- | strengthen its political intluence, aud act for p
see, i time :it least as an ot]'>ot to the rapidly e)
growing free States that arc springing up
cri- in tho great West. According to our view s,
lies of tho matter, l'rovidenco is working out a
ii? the great question which agitates the couri*
5nd try, and by the peaceable rules of necessi- ti
en- | ty, reconciling the extremes of the country, p
be- | and uniting them tinner and firmer by rau- tl
tual interests.?Leslie's Illustrated Kcxcs- cj
s of pajwr.
Klkction ok Unitku States Sknatou. p
any _Un \v
ednesday last the legislature of! f
1 l.c Delaware re-elected lion. James A. bayard e;
' as United States Senator for six years from b
j1 j the 4th of March next, and elected lion, u
b ' Martin W. Hales for the unexpired term of
lion. John M. Clayton, deceased. We have ><
,s already announced, in our telegraphic col- ft.
! i i utnn, tho election of Hon. J. S. Green, by fc
.. , the legislature of Missouri, to fill the vnenn- tl
J."1, cy in theSenatoof the United States which V
has existed sinco the expiration of General ol
c AIclticon's term on the 4 th of March, 1855. ol
..? At a tinio when the democratic party at
".;tl has sustained so many hvssca from the h,
.lor treachery of profe?sing friends as well as t!
"a the assaults of oncn foes, the *!"?? _
^0_ mont will be rccoived with more limn ordi- at
]v?? nary satisfaction. We may well congratu- 01
j\ir late the legislature of Delaware upon the hi
ue wisdom and patriotism of their choice. This
wril renewed evidence of conGdence on the part
-j,j of the democracy of that State towards Mr. m
tifi- l';i)'ard is but a fitting tribute to bis expe- w
orj licnce as a legislator, his abilities as a M
Qf statesman. Ins devotion to the principles of
nn the democratic party, and to that unbend- w
inn "ig integrity of purpose which has secured 11
for him an influence which i? fell fur beyond tl
)re. the boundaries of bis own Slate. His now a'
r||j. colleague, Mr. Hates, is highly spoken of by ^
tor. Personal and political friends. ol
je<| The new senator from Missouri, lion. J.
,\as Hreen, has already served with great dis- tf
|js sinctiou in the House of Representatives, a'
jjy ! and for one or two years most efficiently "
her "'presented this country at New Grenada. ?
(jy lie is uu uncompromising democrat, and 01
nn- possesses legislative talents of a high order. P!
lC0 ?Washington f rnion, Jan. 10. ftl
m J ; tho
! A New State.?Tito Western Reserve ,,
iscs ' is proposed as a now State, outside of
cc "Ohio Proper," which "goes democratic" by , 1,1
ad 1 small utajoiity. The Cleveland Plain:iis?
1 dealer thus sjteak*: "l>hio l'roper" need 1
> is have nothing to say about affairs in 'The
Iter Hesorve.' Wo are a peculiar people, tun- 111
in ning altogether to priests, puritaui?tn, and *{'
ri pumpkin vinos. Oberiin is to he the cap- 1
ites itul of our new State, and Giddinga is to be }
Is the Brigham Voting of the concern. Wo T*
. 1 n
tat | men are going to vote; and men arc going
for to part their hair in the middle. Par.ta
an loons will give place to pantalets, and
r a while men will not be allowed to run at j _
in , large without their papers (?nr railroads (
ot j will run under irroumt ?n.l will ! '
r- p|
nn m-clions ortlv with Canada and Kentucky.
I'lte Constitution will l>o construed strictly,
a:;d all men will he considered equal, nnd t(J
l-XN some ? little more so, depending on their n)]
111 color, I lie Mate of 'The llesorve,' by the jts
:is0 grace ot Joshua K. (ridding*. i-, hereby ?lo? j.
clarctl a fre? and independent State. 'Vdiio
Proper' and all the other States of this j
?" Union will please conduct themselves ae-1
cordingly." I ,
"R _ ? _ I ,,
1U- ? 1,1
t Mr. lh ciiasan and K ansas,?Some of at
,u the know-nothing papers (?ays the Nash- ce
v ville Union) profess to believe that Mr. l>u- se
liit chanan will not be true to the South on so
(|j, Kansas matters. V\'e tell these papers that ' up
UJ. j to he tnio to the South, it is only necessary ' |h
Jr he should ho true to the constitution. The at
( I democratic party does not expect nor de&iro ! as
Ul that the incoming administration shall do b?
>r4 anything to make Kansas a slave or a free lif
lol State; that is exactly the policy we oppose, in
|u, Nor do thev care what Mi. lmchnnan'a nc
of PrivMo v'ew* l?? on tho abstract qucs vi,
tiun of slavoiy, so he recognises and en
tf,c force* its constitutional lights. The democracy
stand upon national, not sectional
piinciples; and all they a?-k for is that no in,
;i* uiit.-ide iiitlmi.i'o shnii i- brought to l?ear aw
di- upon this question, but that it shall l>? left rh
ses solely to those whom it cr.ncorns, viz: Th>' be
' jvopic of thr Territory thrm trior*. be
*
- * ^
The Disunion Convention.?a few of
ie Massachusetts fanatics recently held, * top*
onvontion at Worcester, to devise mean*
>r the effectual Reparation of the free
om tho slave States. Senator Wilson ..
ow appears to be in rather bad order with
tat class. lie wrote a letter to the Conyjntion,
iu w hich he said "that be bad read
itb sincere and profound regret a move*
lent which can have no other issue than
> put a burden on tho cause of f.eedom,
. will, in bis judgment, array against the
tili slavery sentiment that intense feeling
f patriotism which glows for union in the
alion. lie regarded all such movements
> disunion conventions as crimes against
eedom." Upon this, a certain Mr. MeVay
rosi and objected to "calling Mr. Witeoiu
tlior lIonorHblo or General. Lie protest*
1 that Wilson was not worthy of either
tic. An honorable man ascends to God.
1'ijtOQ does not. All tho generals he bad
rer heard or read of would fight; when
laUcnged, Wilson did not fight; therefore
0 would strip the titles he falsely wear*
om him." tr
As to Senator Suiuner, another sponker
ated that he had had a "talk" witu him
1 lioston, a few days previous, and when
u asked him if, when he got back to
Washington, lie would reiterate his words
gain t slavery, Mr. Sumner replied; "Rocrate,
reiteiate. If, when 1 get back to
i'Hshington, 1 make the ppeech 1 expect to
lake, it will be like fourth proof brandy
) molasses and water." When asked . :vhat
result lie expected from it, ho replied,
[ expect to be shot; there is nothing else
ft for them to do."
Tin: Got.n Regions of California
utdonk.?Tho Santa Ke Gazette anuoun*
;s the arrival of Mr. Idler, the agent and
en era' director of tho Mining Company,
rganized some time since in Washington
ly, to work the I'lacer mines near Santa
e. Mr. Kurtz, a machinist from Norris*
rigiuo shop, in Philadelphia, and Mr.
huppin, a millwright, all engaged in the
\tue business This, says tho Gazette,4t
now era in the history of New Mexico,
wo 6lenm engines, with crushing nppara*
is, are soon to he put in operation at tho
'inccr mines, nnd the question will be seted
as to whether gold abounds in suffh
lent quantities to justify tho cost of extract*
ig it by this description of machinery. If
.? vaj'ciiuiviiv proves snccesstul. it must
roduce n change in the business of the
'unitary, for the quantity of gold bearing
arth an J rock is admitted to be inexhaustile,
and tlieio is room for any number of
incltincs.
It has been staled that the gold mines of
iew Mexico bid fair to equal those of Cali>rnia.
A letter from Santa Fe to a Cali>rnia
paper gives a romantic account of
teir discovery. The story goes that a
lexicau woman returned from a captivity
F eight years among the Covotery Apache*
f the Gila country, bringing extraordinary
:counts of gold treasures in the region inabited
by that tribe. The woman says
iat in the region from whence she escaped,
old exists in every qua?i~- on the surface,
iid in great quantities, and that there was
ao large lump imbedded in the side of %
ill, and jealously guarded by the tribe.
A Fearfi'l Passage.?We have been
tfoimed by Mr. P. F. Frazee, Sr., who
as a passenger on board the steamer
tarion, which left New Yoik on Saturday
fiernoon, at 3 o'clock, for Charleston,
here slio arrived yesterday morning, that
10 trip was in the greatest degree fearful,
'uring Saturday night a storm caino up,
id the steamer was compelled to lay to at
ape Hatter as for 20 hours in consequenco
r its violence. The cold, too, was so innse
that horses were frozen to death, and
to deck and combing*, mast*, sails, rigging,
id erory portion of the vessel exposed,
ero covered with ice to the thickness of
or 7 inches. The steamer Black Warrifrom
Havana, bound to New York,
issed the Marion while wbe was lying to,
id Mr. Frazeo informs us that she was li^
ally covered with ice.
We take this occasion to state that Mr\
rnz.o speaks in tho most complimentary
lanner of the skill and superior manageenl
of tho Marion by the oiliccrs during
ie prevalence of the gale, when every panngor
on board had concluded it almost
!possible for tho vessel to outlive tke
arm. Captain Foster and Mr. Thomas,
j pilot, proved themselves worthy the rolonsit'o
positions they occupy, and tiieis
sssel one of tho slaunclifst crafts now ply>
g between New York nnd Charleston.
f Columbia Times, 22d tilt.
'
lV.ATri Painless.?II is nearly certain
-indeed as ceilain a* anything chief)v
Ci:rwiiif?viiii bo?thai in nii deaths the
iy?icnl suffering is small. Kven where indid*
oxpeiicncc the most excruciating ago-,
r ilming the progress of the ilUeH.se, najo
comes to their relief at the last liour,
i4 life goes out gently* like a candle iu
i socket. Those who ha*o witnessed
mth beds most frequently??specially if
ry lave been intelligent persons, an J
ercforo capable of judging?agree gonerly
in considering the physical pain of
>ntl? as inconsiderable. They say thai
e convulsive motions, which frequently
tend the parting breath, are not ovideu
s of suffering, for that the invalid is innsible.
They say also, that when iho
nsea arc retained, there is usually no such
asm. A leading medical authority slate*
at &r:iri<slv aha ?wir.ai. ! ? !
pivvu 111 iiuj ? wiiwum
the point of death; and some physicians
sort thai they have never soen h deuth>it
in which tlio patient was sensible. As
o falls. nature, ii would seem, beneficently
terposos, deadening the sensibility of the
trves, an J otherwise preparing the indidual
for the great and inevitable change.
[ Phil. Ledger.
The Srenr ov Grammar.?.Tos. T. Buckghana,
'?ne of the best of living writers
d grammarian*, once said that "Not one
ild in a thousand ever leceived the least
nefit from studying the rules of grammar
fore he was fifteen rears old."