Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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r ■ , Tni#~-~ > *2iUUmt**M>** ■ DEVOTED TO SOI THEM RIGHTS, MORALITY, AGRIctfLTURE. LITERATURE, AND MISCELLANEOUS NEWS' iBB-JO- -n-Jjrff • . j ML.r^'rgw—rn. --- - ^ r^r-r-, ^r - JAMES H. NORWOOD, EDITOR.] VOL. To thine otrnsef be true; And it must follow as the night the dap; Thou const not then be false to any man.—Hamlet. DARLINGTON C. H., S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING JUNE 11, 1851. [JOHN F. DE LORME, PROPRIETOR. NO. 15. THE DARLINGTON FLAG, IS PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING, AT DAKLIJiOTON, C. H., ». C., BY JOHlf F. DE LORJIE. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: In advance, (per annum,) - - - At the expiration of six months - 2 At the end of the year 3 ADVERTISINf! : Anvr.RTisEMF.NTs, inserted at 75 cents a square (fourteen lines or less,) for the first, and 37$ cto. for etteh subsequent insertion. Busix4|Cards, not exceeding ten lines, inserted at $5, a year. All business connected with the Flag, will be transacted with the Bronrie- tor at his Office, one door above the Dar lington Hotel, or with the Editor at his ’ w Office POLITICAL. and prosperity. We will proclaim free trade with all the world. This will give us intercourse and union with the other Southern States, and will give to those States union among themselves. The power of laying duties on imports conceded by the Constitution to Con gress, was a fatal concession on the part of the South. By the exercise of this power they have Wen taxed to en rich the North; their commerce has been diverted from its natural course to swell the prosperity of Northern cities, and they themselves have been practically colonized to a hostile and aggressive section. The two great articles now in the way of the union of the South, are, 1st, the venality and ambition of her politicians, loifciug to the General Government for patronage or distinc tion ; and 2, the commercial influence of the North, penetrating everywhere, and everywhere sowing dread and sus picion and discord. Free trade in South Carolina will go far to break up the commercial and political thraldom of the South. It will give us at once, liberty’, union and peace. It will build up our cities ; it will replace commerce in its natural channels; it will give the South the profits of her own industry, and it will quell the aggressions of ab olition. but to get free trade we must secede from the Union.—Charleston Mercury. SECESSION, A CLOSER UNION OF THE SOUTH, OR A SOUTHERN CONFRDERCY. this position. It is one in advance, We have argued that free trade in however, and necessarily places her South Carolina, by secession, must ne- Bomewhat apart from her sister States, cessarily bring about a close connex- But it creates no antagonism between ion between her and the other South- them, ami we do not believe that any ern States, and between the latter with such antagonism is seriously recognized each other. There is anqgjjer interest anywhere at the South. There is no still more powerful than commerce, hatred betwecen them and us; and the which will tend to produce the same greater piyt we hear of hostilities results,—the interest of slavery in the hearts of the Southern people towards South Carolina, is lit- th> more than the fancies of politicians, anxious to discoveBWmisihle reasons s to t SOUTH CAROLINA AND THE SOUTH. It is urged that South Carolina is al ready isolated by the arts of our ene mies, and that we ought not to make this sepnranon more complete, by as suming an independent existence. We do not admit that South Carolina has been isolated by the arts of her ene mies. She is certainly beyond her sis ter States of the South in the perfect appreciation of those political truths on which the great sectional questions hinge. The circumstances in which she has been placed, and not any su periority of her people, have given her ; It is one in advance, | When the act of secession is com plete, Soutli Carolina will ho towards the other States a foreign nation, with no other bonds or duties than such as the laws of nations, or her own vol untary concession, may create. By voluntary concession, she will open her ports and borders to a free trade w ith the whole South, hut the new relations that exist by her secession, w ith res pect to slavery, will render necessary ‘ 1- It is well known that without a stip ulation in the Constitution for the sur render of fugitive slaves, the Southern States would not have entered into the Union. They deemed it vital for the security and prosperity of slavery it self. And they even now declare that they will dissolve their union with the North, if the fugitive law shall be an nulled. Some may doubt whether the surrender of the comparatively few slaves who escape into the Northern States is a matter that concerns the se curity of the institution of slavery, and therefore the breach of that obligation will justify a dissolution of the Union. But in the heart of the South, it is clear that a mutual recapture and sur render of fugitive slaves must lie the law of these States, or the value of that whole vast interest will be greatly im paired, and its stability endangered.— The alternative which will then Ik* pre sented to the choice of the Southern States wid be this—a union with the North, under conditions in the higliest degree dangerous to the institution of slavery, and those conditions fixed upon them by the declared hostility of the North,—ora union with South Caro lina, which would at onee remote the danger. We have not a doubt or a fear of the result The Southern States will either force their Nortlierdf asso ciates to consent to • treaty which will place their relations w ith South Carolina on the same footing as at present, or they will break from the ex isting Union and set up a Southern Confederacy. The latter result is by far the most probable; but happen whichever of them may, where is the separation of South Carolina from the South ? Where is the disunion of the American slaveholders ?—Charleston Mercury. AGRICULTURi How blest the farmer’s simple life. How pure the joy it yields! Far from the world’s tempestuous strife. Free ’mid the scented fields.—Everett. would generably be desirable, if but the two furrows were used, to have some plow which would throw and lap the dirt in the middle of the row, so that all vegetation there might be cov ered and killed, and at the same time tumble a little earth about the roots of thm young cotton. If there should [by request.] THE flAIM OF PHYSlflANS To compensation for services rendered in Mediro~Legal Examinations It seems scarcely credible, that in the Hi! a * w . i,h 0, . hpr . b1 r.Lv— ...1.:.... t: " i Ome * money, and as he is But w» contend that the physician should not only be liberally remunerated for bis examination, but that he should be adequately compensated for the evidence subsequently delivered in Court. With business men, State of South Carolina, which is noted for the liberality of her acts and for her u.w juuug •• •arox, .» i • i emiy me rase m ernes, nave in aiienuance have been heavy rains alter planting, ^ t J y 0M Court, wait),qi Ins turn to be inter- rBBuirrd to spend hours, perhaps, as is not unfrequ- ently the rase in cities, davs in attendance and the bed had become close and hard, some plow should he used which would soften and stir the eartli about the roots of the young plant. It is a very com mon practice, and one which has at least the merit of making easy work and covering the grass in the middles, to run a turning plow with th .* bar next the cotton. This looks very prettv, but we have many doubts 1 vhether it has not the rare merit of cleansing without working the crop. We can not well imagine any good done to the plant or any encouragement to the young roots, for striking out for a very vigorous growth, while left to stand upon a ridg^ about four or six inches tem examinations when summoned by the Coroner, without receiving the slightest compensation for his services. This is so flagrant an art of justice, so grievous a wrong, done the profession, as to demand the serious consideration, and incite them to strenuous exertions to effect a recogni tion of their rights. When it is remem bered that the medical man expends hun- make poat mor- j t ^ | lut r j R ht that he should no tuliy paid. Add to this, the annoyance to which he is occasionally subjected by un scrupulous lawyers, and he certainly has sufficient cause for complaint. In order to show to what great inconvenience phy sicians are subjected by being required in these cases to attend Court, we have the statement of Dr. James Webster. Profes sor of Anatomy in Geneva College, New- York, in his introductory address to the sp< dreds, perhaps thousands of dollars, that lorK> m nlK „ he tons year alter year, for the acquisition c | aw 0 f of the most complex, andl consequently, the most difficult of sciences, it is reason able that his knowledge should receive its reward, when practically applied for the public as well as the prirale weal. When invited by the Coroner to make tlie exami nation of a body, in case of suspected poi soning, murder, etc., he has always wil ls very difficult, as all practical plan ing States, for its protection and pro- tors know, to laydown any rule which that tltey are one people by na- servation. By the present laws of the "HI apply to all the various cireutn- i r 1 ";*- “ ,d position, and that their social United States, interpreted rigorously, it attendant upon this crop, com- their repetition, if need litical destiny te the same. Thev is piracy to transport slaves between P^mg, as it does,, such a variety of working, although we ms the United States and a foreign coun ity. This will bo of little consequence to South Carolina, with only an eighth part of he.' soil under cultivation, and where for half a century to come, the natural increase of her population will find ample room. But will the citizens of the other slaveholding States be con- for leaving things to their course— that is, for submission. Jealousies and rivalries there do exist in abundance, between polititiciana, and merchants, and railroad companies; hut these feel ings are of narrow influence, as they are of trifling concern; they move not the heart of the Southern people, who distinct stipulations w ith the slaveholc arc ever possessed with the deep con viction that they are one people by na ture *nd and polit have n common liberty and common institutions to defend, and a common fiBiLio share, amongst the nations of tneehrth. Soutli Carolina is one of these States, and in our opinion nov the- one least respected and admired among them. That the North defames and detests her, all must see, is because she is perseveringly and unconquera bly true to the liberties and institutions of the South. But it is said w o ought not to make our isolation more distinctly a sepa rate natioUkl existence. . NVe have been among those vvlyfjgu|yc ever main tained thAt South tioni the J time of her recognitMlfii by the British Government, has always had a com- i plete sejiamte national existence. A State is onlannother name for a nation, lie wore* are usen as synonymous the acknowledgement of our inde pendence by the British Crown ; and we have ever supposed that with al! the laws of nations, all such fugitives State Rights men, from the days of are free from arrest or indexation, Jefferson till now, it was an undispu- Necessity will compel the States to de- ted truth, that the States of this Union mand of the General Government that were free, sovereign and independent treaty stipulations shall be made with communities. On this principle alone South Carolina, to protect them from is secession a right, and consolidation an evil that might soorf^row to be of a wrong. The States are distinct the most serious magnitude. South sovereignties, bound together for cer- i Carolina will of course be ready, and tain purposes, in a compact called the more than ready to enter inti^ any Constitution. Dissolve this compact, stipulations that shall place the rela- and it does not in the slightest affect tions of the other Southern states with their previous condition as separqjg, with her on the wme footing as they independent add complete sovercifP- now stand. But will the Abolitionists ties. With or without it, their position of the North, who now control the is precisely the ssme, so far as their Government, be as ready to comply separate Sttee existence is concerned, with the detnands-pfthe South? Will Their relations only will be ebauM^xiot the cry be B once raised—“ No by dissolving the compact, uot the dW treaty with a slave State 1” “No trea ture of their ejcistence. Well, do the ty protect and enc secessionists of South Carolina pro- th^recaptHIl and re iold (From the Soil of the South.) EARLY CULTURE OF COTTON. Most of our readers we suppose now to he engaged in the first working of theircotton, and having said some things about the culture of corn, we will now offer a few thoughts about cotton. It wide, with sides as smooth as if a ditch- j lingly rendered his services to (he State, er had laid out the line w ith his spade, regardless of the inconvenience to which leaving the earth about the roots of he may be exposed. _ Is it not just that hi tlie cotton as undisturbed as if the plow had remained in the smith shop. We very much incline to the opinion that the inventor of this very popular method of first w orkings, looked more exclusively to grass killing than cotton making. We have seen ridges of this sort, after standing a few days in the wind and sun, become hard and dry through, and the young cotton much checked in its growth. If, then, this plow is used at all, never let the rows stand long before the soft earth is re stored. The turning plow might be used in this way in land naturally soft, or in that made so by previous plowings.— We lay down this general principle, that if the earth is not already soft, it must be made so by the use of some plow suited for the purpose. We cannot consent to the idea, which prevails to some extent, that the cotton plant grows best when it strikes hard earth 50, to the effect that on one occasion, physicians were summoned from New-York city, Albany, Utica, Auburn, Geneva, and himself from Rochester, to give evidence in a case that was to lx' tried in Cayuga County. He was not on ly subjected to great loss of time, but also to the expenditure of nearly one hiindri d dollars for examinations, travelling expen ses, etc., not a dollar of which was refun ded him. This is one instance, among , i many, which he adduces to show the in- should receive t qwlproyuo? The law- j„ the legislature it. not awarding jer who conducts the case on the part ot t 0 physicians remuneration tor the servi- the btate receives a compensation, and rendered the Stale, why should not the physician, who is per- This is one consideration haps mainly instrumental m establishing others that should prompt the gm t or innocence ol the accused ? It recognize the just demands of the profes- would le superfluous tor us to do more ■ s j on j n (ids respect, and that is, their vol- than merely advert to the rases on record. ! untary and gratuitous in which medical testimonv has been all- above all the State to assumption of the ... ... guardianship of the public health. When important to the conviction of tlie individ- i consulted on questions of public hygiene, ual suspected of having perpetrated the , the physician, actuated by the noblest im- crime. We need only instance the dread- pulses of the human heart, viz tul tragedy, recently enacted by one of our j own profession, to convince any one of the great weight attached to the testimony of the scientific physician. We are not sufficiently acquainted with the laws of tlie several States of our con federacy, to know whether physicians in the majority of cases are paid for these examinations or not. It is only lately that Georgia has rendered this act of jus tice to her physicians. By a law passed at the last session of the Legislature of that State, as we learn from the July num ber of the Southern Mrrtical and Surgical Journal, the physician is allowed—for This cannot ho time of anv plant exammation when death p K , has resulted from external violence, where which sends out and relies so largely dissection is necessary, and where no in- upon its tap root as cotton. And this theory is refuted, also, in the univer- soil, and planted, as the crop has been, wilh such varied preparations. The working of this crop may’ be com menced as soon as the third and fourth leaves make their appearance, and the general impression is, that those early workings contribute to the health and vigorous growth of the plant. There Union. If they do iHit choose to Be rede with us, and the General ment will not allow them to treaties’’With ns, we Van annihjj State lines in our social and rammer cud intercourse with them, and invite i of the bitterest eueaiie tics to partake freely of our liberty answer. I Gown.- liS tent to remain nnder disabilities bo in- ,8m,,c h difference o( opinion about the jurious to their interests, and so con- *1®®* in cthod ot performing this opera- de.nnatorv of the institution instelf? I' 00, k omc rnen » an, ‘ smrie who are Yet what prospect have they of seen- vel 7 successful, too, proceed to reduce ring a change of this state of things tbe cro P or nearly to, a stand, ma- from a Government which oven now king a tedious and slow’ operation of threatens to prohibit the trans|K>i tation * be Hfsl going over, insisting that they of slAves from one state to another arc quite up with those who move fast- within the Union ! er > ." hen ‘W h » vc S otte " through.— But passing that,—how will the oth- ^ b ' s > however, is not regarded gener- er States recover fugitive slaves, or a8 t" e oest plan. 1 he more com- criminals, w ho may take refuge i n n‘on method is to chop rapidly through South Carolina? Or what will they the drill hoeing very litUe, leaving the do with fugitives from the latter, who .V° un g plants in bunches ol three to may escape into their borders? By five stalks in a hunch. When the land • ' - has been well prepared, wo think it a good plan to have the hoes go before tin plows, chopping the cotton into bunches, as before designated; the dis tance to be regulated by the space in tended to be given to the stalks in the row, and then let a very careful plow man follow on each side of the drill, dropping a little fresh soft earth around the roots of the cotton, covering the space marked with the hoe, and at tlH same time any ^all grass which might be left about Wh young plant We prefer this plan because we think it quite as expeditious as any other, leaves the crop cleaner and in oetter condition to grow. We have failed to see an^feason why a plow should go before, throwing dirt around the young cotton, to be pulled away again by the hoes, uncovering the grass, and great ly, as we eonceive, retarding and in creasing the labor of tee hoe hands. But where the hoes shall have passed on first, the plow covers up all the small grass, and there it remains and dies. If there is no danger from wash ing rains, two furrows, one each side of the drill, is quite sufficient for the first working. The kind of plow to be used in uits operation must be de termined altogether by tip., circum- stances of Hie esse, and most be left very much to a sound^tHpcretion. It sally admitted fact, that deep soft lands are best for this crop. W hat nature has not done then for the soil, must lie supplied, as far as possible by arti ficial means. The land should be pre pared by deep plowings, and where the plant is young, the earth kept soft by be. At this may not thin to a stand, yet in chopping out the basis of the stand is fixed, and the spaces given to the bunches should be made in reference to the distance intended to be given to the stalks from each other. The distance should bo regu lated according to tlie fertility of the soil, and the size to which the weed may he expected to grow. The cal culation should he made to have the branches, when matured, slightly to in terlock, so that the rays of tlie sun through them. terment of the body has been made, twen ty dollars; for the same after one or more da lays interment, thirty dollars; lor the same, when any chemical analysis is required, the sum of fifty dollars, and the expense of such analysis. In reference u* this matter, the above Journal remarks:— “We are pleased that this tardy act of justice to tlu‘ medical profession has been done; but, at the same time, we are con strained to say that the compensation for ]>ost mortem examinations where chemi cal analysis is required, is entirely inade quate. In almost every case of this kind, the entire responsibility is thrown upon the physician. Upon the correctness of his analysis, the reputation and life of the accused depend, liie opinion alone de- . . termines the question wnether or not a dined, by the former, without even crime has been committed. To place a suspecting tlie cause. It is a criterion n desire to ameliorate the condition of his species —readily and cheerfully imparts all the information he possesses that may tend to the accomplishment of that object. Nay, he is most frequently foremost in devising means for the improvement of the body politic; whereas, were he to obey the dic tates of interest, he would rather endea vour to promote disease than prevent it, We shall not, for thu present, pursue this subject further, our object being mere- to direct thereto the attention of our rea ders, aud, through thorn, that of the mem bers of the legislature. It is our intention to move, at the next meeting of the South Carolina Medical Association, for the appointment of a Standing Committee, to be called the Com mittee on the Interests of the Profession, whose duty it shall be to fake cognizance of all matters relating to the good of the profession.—Medical Journal ami Review. AN EVIDENCE OF ILL MEEDING. There is no greater breach of good manners—or rather no better evidence of ill breeding—than that of interrupt ing another in conversation while speak ing,—or commencing a remark before another bus fully closed. No well bred jierson does it, or continues a conversa tion long with one who does. 'Die latter often finds an interesting conver sation abruptly waived, closed or de man under such a weight of responsibili ty, and then to offer to compensate him for fifty dollars, shows a very low appre- ; ciation of the profession, or a very extra vagant estimate of the value of money.” Now, although we cannot comprehend which never fails to show the breeding of the individual. A well bred person will not even interrupt one who is in all respects greatjy his inferior. If you wish to judge the good breeding of a person with whom you are but slightly acquainted, mark such persons strictly in this respect, and you will tale. ixo irea- ciMMge slavery by he (’onstitut^rm^of ( her relations j£h the tofteidage?” By the other slaveholding States, by acceding the United States, it takes two-thir® from the Union t Not at all. They of the Senate to make a treaty. Can desire to bind her to her sister States two-thirds of tlie Senate be obtained of the Soutli by relations still more in- to sanction a treaty for tlie rendition timate than exist teteer the present of fugitive slaves among the States of dolEt ^ may penetrate through them. This | . . ..... , cannot be done with any degree of how a phyMcmn s re,pou,,b, ,ty ., iessen- . . . , ® ed, or ntts conscience relieved of remorse, certainty, we know, as the size of tlie pecuniary reward in the event of the „ . plant will vary materially with the sea- execution of an innocent person convicted assuredly not be deceived. However sons; yet our estimate may be made upon his testimony, as the result of bis upon a fair average, as the best that examination, still we coincide with the can be done in anticipation. As re- ; editor that the fee allowed should be pro- marked in thft outset, little more can portionate to the amount of labour and of be done than lav down general princi- kn^edge required of him; that fifty dol- , . . -l . . . j ! lars, for instancewlor a cnMnical analysis, pies, leaving them to be varied by the „ whol|y disproportionate to the expen- exercise of a sound discretion; and af- pr0 ces8 that it involves, ter all, we may expect tliat seasons The Statute of New-York, we are told and other casualities will make excep- | by the Northern lancet, directs the Coro- tho Union? Let the vote on the pas sage of the existing fugitive law, and the war now waged against it through out tlie North, answer the queetion.— Let tlie recent elections to the Senate to Unit law, tions, and set at defiance all our best laid plans. The Key of the Bastile.—Most persons are aware that when the Bas tile was demolished at the beginning of the French Revolution, the key of this famous prison house was presented to Gen. Washington as the fittest deposi tory of this terrible instrument of ty- ranigr. He, the great champion of liberty, was very properly chosen to be the keeper of this key of the terres trial “ bottomless pit” It is still pre served at Mount Vernon, and can be seen in the large hall secured in a glass ease. It is a black, handled key, and looks as if it might intelligent, fluent, easy, or even grace ful, a person may appear for a short time, if you And such individuals guilty of this practice, you will find him or her soon prove uninteresting, insipid, and coarse. *?ITES. We find the following paragraph go ing the rounds of the papers, it jiur- lectures addressed to young ladies: o vo ilea ner to summon a physician to attend pro- u fessionafly at an inquest, but does not pro- ports to be an extract from Mrs. Flli’s vide for his remuneration. A numerous- ‘ ly signed petition to that effect was pre sented to the Legislature, during the ses sion of 1842-’43, but its remonstrances were utterly disregarded. Inasmuch, therefore, as the Stale has not complied with the demands of the profession, the “ My pretty little dears, you arc no more lit for matrimony than a duckkt is to look after a family of fourteen chickens. The truth is, my dear giiU, you want, generally speaking, more physicians when summoned by the Coro- liberty and less fashionable restraint; ner, although obliged to attend, do not gen- more kitchen and less parlor ; more erally touch the body, as he connot force breakfast and less bustle. I like die ‘^hXlreat Brittain the fws aw awarded ro.v lo Hie physician in . »c.l. .. cordin, to brut.leJ. Umitctl.g, h,«i,»hT c «n the services performed. In France like- Ha™ stockings, make her own Rocks, wue, and, we presume, upon the Conti- mend trousers, command a regiment rude, huge cross- ey, and looks as if it n have been forged by the Cyclops. To Cr«i hatches ox Houses’ Feet.—Mr. Lewis Prypn, of Erin, Georgia, furnishes the Southern Culti vator with the following recipe: Wash the feet with warm soap-suds, wipe presume, upon nent generally; physicians are remunera ted. And shall this State be one of the last to comply with the just demands of the profession? It has happened that, time after time, bills for port mortem examina tions, made at the instance of Coroners, have been presented to our Legislature, and have, so far as we know, invariably been rejected. Why is this? What in centive is held out to the physician to of pots and kettles, milk tlie cows, feed the pigs, chop w ood, and shoot a wild duck as well as the Duchess ot Marlboro, or the Queep.of Spain, and be a lady withal in thenrawing-room. But its to your pining, moping, waap- waLteff. putty-faced, music-murdering, novel-HUnling daughters of fashion and idleness, with your consumption-soled shoes, silk stockings, and calico shifts, es and them dry, sprinkle finely pulverized 'I ua,ir y himself for such arduous and res- you won ’ t do for tlie future w iv Hr- «- j r The raw pa givd n good coat of copgl varnish, turn o| hisdutieA M a tlie animal on a dry paster* or a lot a ed ,p„ | 08e 0 f reputatioi few hours, and you will have no more be utterly indifferent to the examination trouble with it I cured a case of long i made, and to the evidence subsequently standing the first trial. I delivered by him* and that he dread- t^Tie might often * Always lie good natural. A few drops oroil will do mure to start the most stuliborn machinery than all the vinegar in the world. g .