Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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f Bbb U4 fl Bb^I mM I bB Hi^Ld 1 I I B / I B * Im E I EIb WL^r HMp ' '< .<B B B^ B BB BB B B^ B^L B^ B B^ B B B m B B B BM B^ IBB 5yr " i^K B B B B B B fl fl a b fl fl fl m B B B B B B #hA B B Bv B B B B I* bB B b| fl JEi M, Jfl J^B^iJjjl^lJI^^r Jll BL JI m JH S > ? ? ?-? ? (SHUT OFFJOTCON ENGLISH SPEAKERS ADVOCATE ACTION AGAINST STAPLE TO BE MADE CONTRABAND Government Receives Information From Official Sources That English Public Opinion May Force *'" Government to Throw Safeguards Around Fleecy Stuff. Information confirming reports that England may soon put cotton on her contraband list has reached the state department from official sources, it was learned recently. Ambassador Page at London is said to have advised the administration that, despite reluctance of the British government to take this step, public claTTIfir fftP n now Klnnr of > Mvn i/iv ?* uv mvi uiau/ uiaj compel action. An Informal protest to the British foreign office Is being considered, according to authentic reports. This would precede a formal note. President Wilson and the state department are daily in receipt of appeals and protests /rom cotton interests regarding the obstructions already instituted by England against cotton commerce. They are also urging cottion to forestall placing cotton on the British contraband list. The president Is devoting much time to study of the cotton situation. 1 It will be referred to In a section of the forthcoming note to Great Britain regarding her general interfer- 1 ence, particularly by her orders in council, with American commerce. This note will be completed shartly. Lord Robert Cecil, parliamentary undersecretary for foreign .affairs, In a formal interview Friday, defining the British government's attitude in the cotton situation, made his statement: "The Allies must by all lawful | j means prevent cotton reaching their ! I enemies; it may be considered necesL sary to make cotton contraband." I "*~"At the same time Lord Cecil reI fralned from any hint that the com- [ modity would be removed from the free list at any specific date, or that ( the government had evolved any solution to meet the demands of American cotton growers and neutral con- , Burners. He said explicitly, however, hat If cotton were made contraband England would consider the act legal and internationally Just.fled. The statement, being the first In Uat.nl* ... ? J ~ I uvuat i Ul H1C fSUTCt UI11C1IV UUIDIUU parliament relative to cotton, and 1 coming at a time when the public is 1 clamoring for drastic action to shut off the supply from Germany, is i taken in some quarters to presage 1 this step in the near future. Lord i Cecil's statement, which is prefaced 1 with the explanation that it describes the government's position concerning cotton "so far as It is at the moment i possible to define it," says: < "Tho British government is giving i the cotton situation its continuous and moHt earnest consideration. We fully understand that upon a satis- i factory adjustment of the matter de- I pends to a considerable degree the I welfare of nearly a quarter of the < population of the United States. The l welfare of the whole population of i Great Britain, also, is involved, as i well as that of all Great Britain's allies, for whom the British govern- I ment is acting in these and other i matters concerning contr. band and ] trade. i "The fundamentals of the situation ] are quite clear. The Allies must by ] all lawful means prevent cotton reaching their enemies. That Is n i J vital military necessity which all the i world will recognize. i "At the same time, and equally important, consideration must be elven to a ereat cotton nrodnetnor country like America anil to consum- i Ing countries like Sweden. Norway, Denmark and Holland. A policy must be devised which will respect the legitimate rights of neutrals and yet safeguard the legitimate interests of the Allies and inflict as much damage as possible upon our enemies. "Cotton has not beon iloclared cony trahand, but under our blockade all rJr cotton which is believed to be destined for Germany is stopped. It may be considered necessary to make cotton contraband. Thore is a demand in the allied countries that this should be done. There is assuredly ample justification for the cotton if It is deemed necessary. "Cotton Is a very import, an essential ingredient in fact of propulsion explosives. Copper is contraband by all tho laws of tl.e nations, and yet In the present war cotton has been shown to be more Important than copper. There may bo a substitute for copper in making munitions of war. For cotton there is no known substitute. If American cotton goes through to Germany the Germans use it to kill allied soldiers. Therefore, cotton must .not go to Germany. "Making cotton contraband would ^ be a distinctly legal action and can be internationally justified beyond protest. So far as American cotton is concerned, howev r, the problem of marketing cotton on this side would undergo little change. American cotton destined for Germany Is now stopped. If the product were made contraband, it would be stopped in the name manner. The principal difficulty would be that if cotton were contraband, shipments from America, which were suspected of being for Germany would be seized and would be liable to confiscation by prize court procedure if proof were obtainable of German destination, whereas now the cotton Is seized, but not necessarily confiscated. "In any case, whether cotton is contraband or not, the Allies must permit neutral trading in this prok duct, American growers must be I given their market in neutral counI tries, even if they are adjacent to I Germany. How to permit this supR ply to move forward, and yet safeE guard the Allies' Interests by making sure that none of it will mn to the wk enemy, constitutes a complicated B problem of great dimensions. M "Wet%re interested only in keep ?-~^qttdn out of Germany. We not ' jh_.w BALKANS TO DECIDE SOON BETWEEN PEACE AND WAI London Views Outcome With "Dt jjree of Pessimism"?Teutons Prepare for Action. London, Monday: The Balkan sit crisis is drawing near a climax. Ttv national assemblies of Servia am Greece are In session with the prob ability of a definite decision as re gards Bulgaria s territorial demands upon which hinge the question o united action of the Balkan State with the Allies. In the best posted quarters th outlook Is regarded with a degree o pessimism. It is expected Servia wll seek a compromise and Greece wll reject the Bulgarian contentions. Reports from Athens Indicate tha King Constantino is insisting the nev cabinet must maintain strict neutral ltv. the effect of which wnnbl he < wthhold Greece from participating li a plan of united Ralkan co-oporatloi with the Allies. In the meantime there are man; evidences of Austro-German prepara tlons to deal with the Balkan situa tion. According to information fron Bucharest, German army corps hav< been concentrated near the junctioi of Hungary. Roumania and Servia This, with the bombardment of Bel grade and the activity of Austrlai artillery at many points along th< Danube^ lends support to reports of i great Austro-German olTenslve in thi Balkans. The outcome of the crisis is await ed most anxiously, as determinlni whether the Allies will receive nev Bupport from the Balkans and wheth er Germany's supplies of ammunl Hon for Turkey will continue to b< Bhut off by the Balkan barrier. Bulgarian officials do not expec an agreement will be reached, bu the Servian minister at London, M Boshkovitcli, told the Assoctatec Press he believed a middle groum would bo found on which It will b? possible to unite the Balkan States only do not object to its going t< neutral countries, but we, in fact, ar? anxious that, it should go in ordei that there shall ho minimum Incnn veniences to the neutrals concerned "It is obvious what the loss o German and Austrian markets wil mean to American cotton growers We fully realize that if there is n< German and Austrian outlet pricei may go down and tlu.t Americani will suffer unless some means are de vised for compensation. "Proposals in that direction hav< been made and are receiving carefu consideration. What will come o them I can not say at this time. Cer tainly I am not at liberty to implj that favorable action will be taken uor will I say that It will not. "All Americans must be fullj aware of the complicated and gigan tic character of any schemo of thii sort and the study it will require be fore being put into operat'on. I liop< America will not be impatient, bui will rest assured that the govern ments of the Allies will give everj consideration to the legitimate inter Bsts of all neutrals." At a meeting held last week ii London to impress on the govern ment the necessity of declaring cot ton contraband, Sir William Hamsoy the scientist, declared cotton was tin only substance required for the man ufacture of munitions with which th< Germans could not supply them selves. lift snld nn cliomtcnl nrnrtnetii coi Lake the place of cotton in propulsivt ammunition. Sir Charles Macara president of the Master Cotton Spin tiers' association of Great Rritain presided, and Sir William was tin principal speaker. An inspired statement published ii most of the newspapers deprecatini the action to make cotton contrabam and IntlmatinK that negotiations witl the United States on this subject wen proceeding lessened interest in tin meeting but both the presiding offi rers and speakers were insistent tha immediate action should be taken. In opening the meeting Sir Charle Bald he had no doubt manufacturer of explosives had consumoi a larg< part of the cotton surplus created b; the war and added: "We must utilizo our command o the highways of the sea, both phy sically and diplomatically, to preven cotton reaching enemy countries while at the stmo time acting fairl; in the interest of neutral countries.' He was sure the government ha< given anxious consideration to thi complicated problem and said ther was no doubt that the stocks of cot ton accumulating at Liverpool hai shown an improvement was takini place, but that it was necessary tha strong and well considered measure should be carried out to keep cottoi from the countries with which Grea Britain was at war. Sir William Ramsay, who second ed a resolution passed demandln that cotton be declared contraband asserted that while substitutes fo cotton could be used in making nitre cellulose none had what was calle the "ballistic power" of cotton, an i? -i-~ ?? ? i aij/imiifs cibo wore uiteu ity in Germans it would necessitate enlarg Ing the chambers of their guns an (Continued on last page.) Morgan at His Office Again. For the first time since being she by Frank Holt, J. Pierpont Morga appeared at his New York offices o Monday. He appeared to be in goo general health. Pledge CarranxA Tlieir Support. The Carranza agency at Washinf ton have published telegrams to thel chief from several generals glvin him their support In case of Amer can intervention. Two Madne* Drowned in Storm. Two American marines were wasi ed from the decks of the battleshi New Hampshire and drowned Sunda while the ship was riding the hurr cane ojr the Florida coast. Storm Hvrr-epe the Oiflf. A tropical hurricane Is sweepin all the coastern towns on the Oulf c Mexico. High tides are reports everywhere, but the wind is not a high as might be expected. ... BALKANS LOOK FOR FRESH I TEUTON ATTACK ON SERVIA h> Bulgaria's Attitude Dependant Upon Concessions?Roumania Becomes Uncertain. Austro-German troops estimated to e number forty thousand are reported d to have begun a drive through Servia. i- The attack is being launched frpm the region of Orsova, Hungaria, near i, the Roumanian frontier, and presumf ably marks the opening of the cams paign to hew a patch to Turkey as demanded in Berlin, e With this new offensive affaire in f the Balkans are brought to a crisis. 1 Besides threatening the flni ' elimi1 nation of Servia, it also menaces Roumanla, which against has refused to t permit the passage of German miliv tary material through her territory - to Turkey. 0 It is pointed out in Berlin, how1 ever, that all indications are that an i agreement has been reached with nuumania, me laci mat itucnarest y has released her vast stores of grain - for exportation to the central em. plres being quoted as evidence of i this. a The Allies for months have prei vented Roumanla from shipping this .. grain and the fact that she has at . last refused longer to heed their i warning Is taken in Berlin to mean e that German diplomacy has been suc\ cessful at Bucharest. b The efforts of both Allies and Teutons now center at Sofia. So far - Bulgaria has made no move while 5 waiting a reply to her proposals to z the Entente powers that Servia and . Greece turn over Macedonia to her in - return for the support of her arms. b It is believed this answer will be made within the next fortnight after t the assembling of the Greek and Sert vlan parliaments. Servia continues to protest at what 1 she deems the unfairness of the Bul1 garian demands, but has shown indl3 cation that she will make conces. slons. Greece, however, is Arm in . her refusal to give up any of the ter) ritory she acquired as a result of the 3 second Balkan war.' r There may be a change in her pol icy, however, when Former Premier . Venizelos returns to power, although f dispatches from Berlin state that he 1 will find himself opposed by a pnwer. ful pro-German party and that King j Constantino will tender him the prea mioruhip only upon the understanda ing that Greece will remain strictly . neutral. In case Bulgaria attacks Servia, however, the Athens govern3 ment is bound by treaty to support j the Slavs. ; GERMANS CONTINUE DRIVE AGAINST RUSSIAN ARMIES Von Buelow Hon nines Offensive in the North and Polish Hector t la AdvancingThe Germans, according to Berlin, t again are sweeping back tho Rus siana. Gen. von Buelow's army operating west of the river Dvinsk 1 again has taken the offensive and, - according to Berlin, has beaten the - Russians in the vicinity of Kublsko , and pushed them back in a north3 easterly direction, taking more than - two thousand prisoners. To the a south the Russians, according to the - same source, made an unsuccessful sortie from Kovno, which the Geri mans are approaching. 3 In the Polish sector the Germans , are slowly advancing on Brest-Kit ovsk. While they continue to take , prisoners, they claim no capture of a artillery or booty, which military observers say Indicates that the grand i duke's armies continue their orderly ; retreat and that for a long time to 1 come will be able to prevent the Geri mans from detaching any part of a their army for large ventures elsee where. The only evidence of activity outt side of Poland and the Baltic province is on the Servian frontier, where 8 a bombardment of Helgrade by the 8 Germans and Panscova by the Sere vlans has boen resumed. According y to Nlsh, Austrian attempts to cross the Danube near the Servian and f Roumanian borders have been re. pused, but military experts believe t this region will be the scene of the i, next Austro-German offensive. J DEFENDS ARMS SHIPMENTS s WITH AUSTRIAN PRECEDENTS d K Our Note Flatly Denies Contention That These Make Up l'n11 neutral Acta, t The state department has made I- public the reply of the United States g rejecting views set forth by the AusI, tro-H ungarian government in a rer cent note contending that exportat tion of war munitions from America d to Austria's enemies was conducted d on such a scale as to be "not in cone sonance with the definition of neui trality." d Though friendly, the note flatlv denies tho Austro-Hungarian content lor, and recalls that that country and Germany furnished muni,, tions to Great Britain during the n Boer war, when England's enemies q could not import such supplies. In j this connection the note suggests that had Austria and Germany refused to sell arms to Great Britain at that time "on the ground that to do so would violate the spirit of strict neuI* trallty," the Imperial and royal gov't' ornment might with greater conslst8 ency and greater force urge Its pres> ent contention. The jiote insists that the United States is pursuing a strictly neutral course and adhering to a principle i- on which it would depend for munip tions in the markets of the world if ,y it should be attacked by a foreign 1- power. Arms I?angeraus to Have. The finding of firearms on Mexlg cans in the Texas district near >f Brownsville, according to a Monday id dispatch, are practically equivalent to is a death warrant, unless the bearers are;well known as peaceful men. \ V \ \ APPEAL TO MEXICO LEADERS GIVEN TEN DAYS TO REPLY TO THE NOTE WANT PEACE CONFERENCE Secretary of State of the United States and Representatives From Other Central and South American Countries Send Communication to Warring Nations. The Pan-Am'rlcan appeal to Mexico, now being delivered to the chiefs of factions and governors of states, has been made public by the state department. Without even an intimation of armed Intervention, it calls upon the leaders to meet somowhere in Mexico on neutralized around, in a conference "to adopt the first steps necessary to the constitutional reconstruction of the country" and to issue a call for immediate elections. The services of the United or any of the other Pan-American conferees are offered as intermediaries to arrange the meeting. The appeal, although addressed to the political and military leaders, takes the form of an announcement to the Mexican people themselves. As made public by the department the document is prefaced by this announcement: "The Mexican people are informed that the following communication has been sent to many prominent persons in Mexico who possess authority or military power within the republic." Then follows this appeal, dated at Washington, August 11: "The undersigned, tlio secretary of state of the United States, the ambassadors extraordinary and plenipotentiary of Brazil, Chile and Argentina, and the envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary of Bolivia, Uruguay and Guatemala, accredited to tlio government of the United States of America, acting severally and independently, unanimously send to you the following communication : "Inspired by the most sincere spim or American fraternity, and convinced that they rightly Interpret the earnest wish of the entire continent, have met informally at the suggestion of the secretary of state of the United St; .tea to consider the Mexican situation and to ascertain whether their friendly and disinterested help could bo successfully employed to re-establish peace and constitutional order in our sister republic. "In the heat of the frightful struggle which for so long has steeped in blood the Mexican soil, doubtless all may well have lost sight of the dissolving efTects of the strife upon the most vital conditions of the national existence, not only upon the life and liberty of the inhabitants, but upon the prestige aud security of the country. We can not doubt, however? no one can doubt?that in the presence of a sympathetic appeal from their brothers of America, recalling to them these disastrous effects, asking them to save their motherland from i.n abyss?no one can doubt, we repeat, that the patriotism of the men who lead or aid in any way the bloody strife will not remain unmoved; no one can doubt that each and every one of them, measuring in his own conscience his share in the responsibilities of past misfortune and looking forward to his share in the glory of the pacification and reconstruction of the country, will respond nobly and resolutoly to this rrienaiy appeal ana give tnelr Dest efforts to opening the way to some saving action. "We, the undersigned, believe that If the men directing the armed movements in Mexico?whether political or military chiefs?should agree to meet, either in person or by delegates, far from the sound of cannon, and with no other incplration save the thought of their afflicted land, there to exchange ideas and to determine the fate of their country from such action would result in a strong and unending agreement for the creation of a provisional government whtch can adopt the first steps necessary to the constitutional reconstruction o* the country?and to issue the first and most essential of them all, the immediate call to general elections. "An adequate place within the Mexican frontiers, which for the purpose might be neutralized, should serve as the seat of the conference; and in order to bring about a conference of the nature desired, the undersigned will act as intermediaries to arrange the time, place and other details of such conference if this action can in any way aid Hie Mexican people. "The undersigned expect to reply to this communication within a rea Hon a bio time, and consider that such a time would he ten days after the communication is delivered, subject to prorogation for cause. "Robert Lansing, Secretary of State of the United States. "D. I)a. Gama, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Brazil. "Edo. Saurez-Mujlca, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Chile. "R. S. Naon, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Argentina. "L. Calderon, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Bolivia. "Carlos Maria de Pena, Enxoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Uruguay. "Joaquin Mendez, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Guatemala." The appeal went fo. ward Saturday to Carranza and Villa and to more than a score of other military and political leaders throughout Mexico. As replies are asked for wtthin ten days after the appeal is received, no further meeting of the Pan-American conference is planned until they have been received or it may be apparent that some of the Mexicans addressed do not propose to reply. (Continued on last page.) ITALIAN RESEBVISTS MOB GERMAN SAILORS IN BOSTON Waiting for Homeward Passage They C Attack Sailors and American Officers. Several policemen were hurt and sailors aboard the interned German c steamer Amerlka and Cincinnati C were hit by stones and sticks Sunday s when thirteon hundred Italian re- 1: servists preparing to sail from Ros- t ton on the Canoplc and their friends t made a demonstration against the 1) ships. In the early disturbance which de- (1 veloped about formation of a parade e of the reservists in North square, c three policemen were injured, being ? stabbed. Ten arrests were made in * both outbreaks. r The body of reservists, said to be J1 the largest to leave this country on one ship since the war began, was made up of Italians from New Eng- t land. They had paraded to the com- t monwealth pier in South Boston, on t one side of which lay the Canopic, 2 which was to give them passage to ^ Italy, while on the other side were j, moored the Amerika and Cincinnati. When the two stewards from the 1 Cincinnati, in their uniforms, were o espied on the pier, the crowd jostled e them. Both resisted and were Joined t by a watchman on the dock. The li three men were beaten badly before a they were rescued by police. il The crowd, angered by the rescue, i' threw stones at the big liners, s smashing port hole glasses and deck a fittings, and striking several sailors on the decks. The mob then rushed o to the main pier building. n The United States customs station J was stoned but eight officers forced the crowd back at the point of re- r volveis. Shots were fired in the air c and were answered from the crowd, 11 but later no bullet wounds could be found. J Officers used their clubs but few t of the disturbers bore marks of the ^ fray. The North square disorders re- c suited from the attempt of some of e the reservists to make fellow countrymen who were not going to sail p with them shout their allegiance to j( their flag, according to the police. ^ Officers attempted to qnell these 1. CV.O 11 .llolnrl,,, ? ??? I" ? 1 ??. uimuii uiDbUi unuvco uliiJ tU UttVO UUlil sides turn on them, and 8tone8 were t thrown and knives drawn by the j, crowd. One officer was slashed across the cheek and arms. p RUSSIANS WILL EVACUATE THEIR BRESTHTOVSK LINE ? ? t Germans in Poland Advance so Rapidly Tliat Positions Appear Untenable Semi-official advices received in ^ London indicate that the Russians n have given up hope of holding their b second line of fortifications and that r the Bug front will be given up. Biel- g istok, the vital railway junction be- ^ tween Grodno and Brest-Litovsk, is j, reported being evacuated before the e advance of a German army. The German campaign in Poland is t goining such momentum that a very a few dayB should see an attack on i Brest-Litovsk. The Germans, it is li believed, are massing their main r forces for a tremendous drive on the fi Russian center and the continuance t of the enveloping movement in the v north. f Four German armies are closing in u upon Brest-Litovsk and another opoi*ailn?y onrnlno* 1/ ? '- r afiaiuoi l\U*Cl, DUeivn IU lirUtlK 11 the line of communications between t this fortress and Odessa. u The speed with which develop- 0 ments have occurred during the last r few days indicates to military ex- ? perts that the eastern campaign is ending. It is expected that the great- ^ er portion of the Czar's army will escape the German vise, according to best opinion, but the Germans will rein themselves in along the com- * paratively short front of the Hug and ^ release hundreds of thousands of men for use in the Balkans and west. v It is not believed the Germans will ? attempt to go further into Russia than the Bug lines and the reported " plan for a drive on Petrograd is scouted. The general opinion is that the Balkans will be the next big ? scene of operations with the AustroGermans endeavoring to hew a path to Constantinople and relievo the Turks before the Allies can force the Dardanelles t , t f NEW FOREIGN MINISTER MEANS JAPANESE FRIENDSHIP ~ * ? Washington Incline*! to Believe New j Official Understands U. a H. Position. J Baron Ishii's assumption of tho offlee of foreign affairs of Japan, in the e opinion of the officials at Washington, will have an important and prob- f able favorable Influence upon the relations between the United States and ^ Japan, particularly In caso there is a ' revival in the future of tho suspended negotiations regarding the alien land ownership legislation of the ' state of California. When these important exchanges were suspended, following the lodgment of a note by tho Japanese for- J eign office, practically recording dissent from the argument made by the ' state department that the California J legislation was rot in violation of any of Japan's treaty rights, Baron j Ishil, then director of the commercial bureau of the Japanese foreign * office, paid a visit to the Pacific coast of the United States to investl- ' gate the effect of the California law , upon Japanese trade and the welfare of the Japanese residents in California. His investigation was thorough and from Uie fact that there has been no effort to reopen the nego- 1 tiations between the two counties it t Is inferred by the officials in Wash- ( ington that be was inclined to take a i favorable view of the attitude of the i western people. . t a , ' ft ^1 lEGRO'S LIFE IS SPARED; , 1 SUBSTANTIAL AFFIDAVITS 1 overnor Manning Respited Negro I Because White Men are Said to Have Committed Deed Because of sensational allegations r ontained in affidavits filed with him, J >ov. Manning Monday morning :epited the death sentence of Joe Maly, a negro, from August 18 to Sepember 29, this year, in order that I he case may be reviewed by the toard of pardons. Malloy was convicted of the mur!er of Prentiss Moore and Guy Rogirs, two white boys, in Marlboro ounty, the killing occurring on Novimber 24, 1910. Malloy has had wo trials and his case has been benro tho nioio on/i ?i ,?v 01.010 ouu UIO 1CUUIU1 BU- . ireme courts. Malloy was brought f o the state penitentiary Saturday afernoon. While the governor's office refuses 1 o give out the affidavits, enough of r he contents are known to state that t hey allege on the night of November *] 4, 1019, that two white' men visited ' , houso in Marlboro "ounty, appe'ar- b ng to be crazed with drink. They were chanting and singing 1 bout the murder of two white boys, r ne of them shouting, "We have killd two white boys and left them in n he swamp. I sent one of them to P ell." Other boasts along this line a re alleged in the affidavits, which, ' r true, absolves Malloy from guilt, e t is* thought. The two men have f ince left M>rlboro county, it is said, d nd their whereabouts are unknown, t The following statement was given ^ ut by the governor's office Monday Homing relative to the respiting of a oe Malloy: P "Friday there were submitted to t Sov. Manning affidavits of parties t laiming to have heard certain other t inrties admit the killing of which i' oe Malloy has been convicted. These ffidavits were of such nature as to I> emand a rigid investigation before ? he infliction of the death penalty. ' !ov. Manning immediately put in a all for Solicitor Spears, who, how- t: ver, ^ad left Darlingtaon that morn ng for .a vacation. The governor b nally reached him over the phone ate that afternoon and conferred b dth him. The result was that he t ad immediately prepared the re- b rleve parer? aud also sent copy of ^ ..*j anma> 1 to iu ouuciior npears tor " is investigation." 'ETROGRAD iV OPTIMISM i OVER CHECK OF GERMANS ? ierman Forces are Expected to At- ^ tack Ibtuble Tracked Hailroa<l 1) Between Nurec and Narew j. I'etrogrnd, Monday: The military . ituation is viewed by Russian army fficers with optimism, owing to the nanner in which the Germans have , een checked at the crossings of the . ivers Idwiec and Krzna east of the iiedlce-Lukow front where the inaders lost eigltt hundred prisoners n addition to many dead and wound- \ d. J. Fierce battles are looke 1 for he- *' ween the Xurec and Narew rivers nd at the crossings of the Rug. The . mmediate German objective is be- . leved to be the double-tracked ratload which parallels the present ghting line, running from Ossowetz c o Bialy8tok, Brest, Litovsk and Koel. This road is protected by dense orests and by the marshes of the : ipper Narew. The apparent weakness of tho Ger- . nan flanks ha# removed fear that . lie Russian army would be bottled ip. Evidence of this seeming lack if offensive power is found in the J eported removal of a portion of the * lerman troops from the Siedlce-1-.u- * ow front, to the Baltic region. These s roops are said to have been replaced h y Austrians. Russian army cp* ics find it dlf Icult to reconcile this evidence of eakness with German claims to un- ? iminlshed strength. Tho Russian 1 heory is that these claims are ad- ? anced for effect on the Balkan ! tates. Renewal of the German of- 1 onslve against the Dvina, at Jacob- \ tadt, is focusing attention on the ' taltic region. !0N KILLED iVHAITI; 1 WILSON WRITES SYMPATHY t resident Expresses Nation's Sympa- f thy to Mother of Sniper's Victim. c President Wilson has repllod to j Irs. Sophia Gompers, of Brooklyn, ( J. V., mother of William Gompers, ( he sailor killed by a sniper at Port e iu Prince who wrote that she was iroud her son had die in the service t if his country, but as he had been ( ler sole support she hoped the gov- ] rnment could help her. The president's letter, given out it the White House, follows: 'My Hear Madam: "I have read your letter of August , t with the deepest sympathy. I feel 1 ike congratulating you on having 1 lad a son whose dignity It was to 1 lie In the service of his country, but 1 ny heart goes out to you none the ess in profound sympathy. "I am sure that It would be the leslre of every one connected with ] ho public service to see that you i lid not suffer need because of your ton's death. I am sending your leter to the secretary of the navy to inluire whether t??ere is any posslbiliy under the law as It stands of astisting you. I fear that there is not, ' >ut I am sur-j the secretary of the . lavy w'ill wish to consider the matter rery fully. "Cordially and sincerely yours, "Woodrow Wilson." i Mexicans Fire Vpon Americans. i A dispatch from Brownsville, Tex., ' Monday says shots from the Mexj^an tide of the river were sent into a <roup of American cavalry Sunday light. The prompt return of the fire Mopped the shooting before there ivere any casualties. ? ?^ y i ? _ . ^ fHL WAR LAST WEEK XPERT REVIEW OF THE WAR ^ RAGING IN EUROPE I1TUATI0N IS CONFUSED tussian Tactics Somewhat Different From Before, Although Army la Still in Danger?Germans Gain Ground?Other Fronts Show no Remarkable Development. The Military Expert of the New fork Times writes of last week as ollows: The clo6e of last week saw Warsaw ^ n uerman hands and Russia, fighting ^ ear-guard actions steadily to protect ' he retreat of the main army, falling iack to the Grodno-Brest-Ldtovsk ine. The operations from this point iave been somewhat confused and it loes not appear yet just whajt point he Russian army has reached in its etreat. Beginning In Courland, the Gernan operations which involved the * ort of Riga were early in the week ssuming dangerous proportions. Von iuelow had reached almost the outr defenses of the town when the lussians assumed the offensive and rove him back from the region beween the Dvina, the Ekau, and the ia. jLj This move has temporarily, bo far s we can judge from the reports, ut a stop to the German offense in lie immediate vicinity. The attack lien shifted south to Kovno, where lie Germans are close to and besiegag the city. This is one of the great danger oints for the Russians at the preset, time. Its importance lies not only 11 it being the capital of the provtice and an important railroad juncion, but it is one of the fortresses hrough which runs what is expected o be the main line of the Russian efense. Its importance is realized y the Germans, who have concenrated before it guns of all calibres, acluding the forty-two-cm. which ras so successful in reducing the orts at Namur and Antwerp. Along the Narew the Russians ave maintained their defensive nnai. ions with fair success as far south s l.omza. This latter city, however, as been taken, which means that ho Russian line of the Narew from -onmi to the junction of the Narew nd the Bug has practically been iven up. In the immediate Warsaw salient, ietween the Bug and the Wieprz, lie lighting is very confused, and it * practically impossible to delineate villi accuracy the present positions, t is evident, however, that the Germans arc closing in and that the Rusians still occupying this salient are n extreme danger. From the Narew n the vicinity of Ostrolenka the Germans have moved forward on a line enerally parallel to the OstrolenkaCovo-Minsk railroad. The town of )strow has been reached, though lossihly not yet occupied, by Oernan troops. Southeast of Ostrow the Germans lave accomplished what they have een fighting for for at least eight nonths?they have reached the line if the Warsaw-Petrograd railroad vhere it is crossed by the road from )strolenka to Lukow. The latter own has also been taken by the Teuons. As it is the junction of the road ast mentioned and the road from trest-Litovsk to Warsaw, two of the hree railroads from Warsaw east are iow in German hands, leaving open or Russian use only the road from s'ovo Minsk throueh stn#Ur<? ituation of the llussians In the angle appears almost lio|K?Iess. The fears for the garrison of the ortress of Ivnngorod seem justified, t is not apparent how these troops an escape a siege and ultimate capure. Not only are the tips of the ircle with which the Germans have een trying to inclose the fortress >ut a short distance apart, hut of he two railroads running north from vangorod, over which the retreat oust be conducted, one is in German lands and the other, which generaly parallels the Vistula from Ivan:orod to Novo Minsk, is but a short listance from the positions last taken >y the German lines. Novo Minsk still appears to be in tussian hands, but by the time this eview appears, it, too, may have alien. If so, the Ivangorod garrilon will be completely cut off. If lot, this one avenue of retreat is still pen to them. It is extremely probible, however, that the fall of Lu(ow will presently be given, the I rand Duke Nicholas may deem It uivisable to allow it to stand a siege, is in the case of Novogeorgievsk. It is true that, excent immediately ast of Warsaw, the lino of the Visula guarding the Ivangorod-Novo Minsk railroad Is still in Russian (Continued on last page.) Explosion Kills Five on Monday Five men were killed Monday at Emporium, Pa., when the plant of ' die Aetna Explosive Co. was blown o pieces through unknown causes. [t had been operating on war orders. ^ ^ 0 I Villa <iarris4m Revolts. A dispatch to the state department Monday says that the Villa garrison at Duranga has revolted and has joined Carranza. Iloth Receive Ap|>eal. v Roth Villa and Carranza have now received their copies of the American appeal, it was announced at Washington Monday. i Place Embargo on Arms. The Texas Rangers are enforcing their embargo on the exportation of arms to Mexico by death. The blockade is said to be effective. Two Midshipmen Impelled. Two midshipmen have~"?oen ex- m polled from the Anapolis naval \cademy because of Irregularities ^ob^H| nected with ft recent examination. u. _. .a...