Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE INDEPENDENT 1KE8S A.1^13T0VXT>I^E,;p. C. "W. A. LEE, EDITOR. Ffiday Morning', August 31, 1860. Ofc-ing to tho crowded ptntc of our columns wo ore neceasnrily compelled to otnitn number of onr advertisements tlii/i week. %THANKS. Mrs. Moore will plenee acccpt our thnnk^ for s basket of fine Peachcs?tho best of tl.e season, ^BOUTIT CAROLINA BATENT^, Among the pntenta issued for the pnst week, we notice tho following: Jtfiin Bond, of Greenwood, S. C. *rfpr impcovf^jpint in pjougha * JtffcGE FBOST'S LETTER. On our fir6t pnge tiia^' b<tf.f<&nd the interesting letter of Judge FjipFr, on the subject of the Blue Itidge Rnjjroml, in rqply to the letter of lion. Edward G. Palmer, on the antne euhjtfbh. y??tftw t*t xu vnt>tr MIAVX1 ?' " ?? AVAktti 'An irrtpoiTont and rather unexpected political mM-ement is about to he consummated in New York. Tlie Breckinridge and Lane leaders have at last agreed to co operate with the Douglas and Bell parties, to secure the defeat of the Black Republicans. The urrangements for the union will he comp'eled on "Wednesday next. You can rfely on this a* certtfin. Thus tlio-last imil is driven iuto political coffin of Abraham .Lincoln. CONVENTION PROCEEDINGS. Tbo proccomsga the Stato Democratic Convention, held nt Columbia, May 30-31, snd^ printed in pamphlet fornPflt this office, ready for ddiytTu. Thajr jiamph h-t rcontaina 102 p"" niailjr. Tile postage, orij each co[I}-ta/arid is required by the Each me^Krot the Convention is entitled to two copies. .They will be mailed to those ^ -who forward ?heir address in full?name and *v Post Office;?and two postage stamps (6 cent*) to-tbe Southern Guardian. _ . Our eychangcB are respectifully requested to t * ^yloHllrthiA miltVn SL**ifh/>v* P_y"?3-^-e? ? D INTELLIGENCE FROM MEXICO. uispatplu-s hav*t been received from Comril^oner Clark, say?.tlie \Vashiugton Star, United States finely Texas Boundary Survey, datfedvSnnta Fe, New Mexico, July 16,-informt. . ing the Department of the Interior of the eon potion of the syrvey and d,<uparcayon of that boundary.^ .With.the exception of about fifty miles of meridiun unon llm Linnn Tlaf n^n.ln t ... _ . j(Staked IJJain,) winch portion lie proposes to finieli bemro his return to Fort Smith, Arlf., where the commission will be^i?bilirdetl. Thie result ie peculiarly ^grAtiQfitig na being, fnr within ti|fe eypecJJltjoi;ff<if^the Ijepartipont, as we learn, bo'ift W'fJSWt'iof Jnpna and cost. THK,Pa05ricT XH^tgGlSIA. The Richmond Enqn^er thos concludes an ^ article in which it reviews the prospect* of Breckinrittge-and Lane in the pending Presidential elrtigiffe: ' .^'^BdjU* these circumstances.* we can rea Bon^bly hope that the%reckinridge and Lane tjckent in Virginia will corn1 the State, by the old Democratic majority of 10,000, over the t con\biw4^?te ?' aJ'J Douglaaf 'events, it is now a fixed fact^Jn the ' intelligent observers; Breckin^Pyicg tuxl fc^ne will carry Virginia?riot by a flroirjMft, bt^ by^a respeetabftoinjority. . r ^5^Phs|bry-is qafb. I-et every true Democrat strive to s?ell the triumph. The couutry t^hich beaTs the palm, as tho banner county of Virginia Democracy in this day of trial will win .he noblest guerdon ever yet offered for political competition in Virginia." *> ' - THE FAIO. HiB.Secrctary of the District Jfair *ould*rt mind the Life Members of tlie Society, that' according to the Constitution; that they have the choic$ of talcing a life membership certificate by paying $1.05, and having all the privileges of the'Softiety?or byvpaying $1.5.0 he can get a; family tickct, wbictt admit him and his family into the Eair ground three days, wifilout further charge, Vrill be a grcatf^J&ing to, those who havo families. m . rnt._L. 1 -r? n.? ??<? xuo uicuiuKRi ui me- i;itcuuv?R-omnimce are requested to cfll on the Secretary *ext Sale Day, and get Certificates and cawlp of dflmis||gn.(or tlve purpose of accommodatingiifo Members in tlicir- neighborhood. They mi^st rqjort the naiags of the persons to whom they Bave-?old certificates, and the amount received, on or before the 15th of Octotjfep^ext. eo tb? their namfcs muy be registet?<|j|p|fyiiavlng paitf flioSr nnnuol anhuorintiAN JBST" No Life Member will be permittee^ to enter, utile as be producea at,tiig?nte bis certificate or cafd for admitl&noo. Thns t'offtl sajui.'tff th?^^ra^^aplc? of tbe "United StataWlfcbe present year is estimated at two thon^nST miliums ttf dollars, or tixtt dollars per heacFfor eacftP person. The larg? area of to'altiuUfe soil and the variety of pro dacta in our $wBtry, wiih the WciljtfSi; of com mutticalion, eusore us against those uestructm famine* that occasionally afflict European conn , tries. The acaneit^'of food io the South vWi&l will be relieved by tbe superabundance or ln< North We?V Food ia tho moat important ele merlin U>e material conxfert of Stat?9^ ant moat forlunatfeig' Mint cauifl?V "whopc vari?t\ of clim^ta and soil is such as to answer thli first condition of prosperity ; bat we'4HKgffjty| if'so large a projuot in <ftrn as tlie aboie figurea present, would be half as dp&tual' 11 maiutainiog that stability in commerce as |i necessary to an equilibrium in the foreign trftd* of tbo Unitad States, a* will preclude finsn ?IU> pt vog^ii V JVIIU spi? iuicm, A COllUI ?rop of two Ji^pdr^d au<J ;pfty million* of dol Ion would b?tt^r^rea?rve a mercantile baJnnc^tweoa tbia country and Europe 4^an twic TK'nt fflbe in bre*3stuffs. * ' . i . .<?<?? v IHg HEW AMAir. QaiU *' Church ta~Abbe^ltV<&JL j?gt ??r? ton? of Iha ioajrameot, whUfctfec WiJ ItWght oat nnd?rju iViMifrjfffrJMpj Matt. Rbxvks, and ?r-fy?Vi~ -f We subjoin * description of tb? ornfh : \ Flat}; fotiif S?op Di?p-<??o BaMK,A#*, B?q Diapason TrebJe; at*. Prineiptt; fey*n, ti tetath; eight, PedalPipee; Keyi Couple; Veo.Bellowa. , ,"A? Organ, enclosed ii) *,<- twell, except the Pedj pipea, Coropaee of Xej-boerd G Oto0 t Alt; com pee* of Pedal* of Pedal* COO to OC three har.dred And thlrtefcn'Piptfl altogetfce? The em Is made in*!* Qotbfc to imiute oak, with gilfcHfrmt Tip?f ti lifji 8 fc?* wide, add 6 feel deep, ~ ** * r'.i THaff06VE6 OF THB>QfWBE. Ta the torlfliu and rcflectfug inlftd, the probujjlc cliunccs of Lincoln's et%ction, nod the con* sequences of oveut, jTrescnt question^* of *de?p mid absO>^jug interest, and which nffecfc our dearest interests iu th*j future. Will tliSj. Black Republican triutupli f ond iu that erent, will tho South submit? The first of theso question9, fcttkv${r.Mr. Boyc'.-, nnd many others, judfitiflKfrdm the pKcsefit ^blitical prospcct would aWwSr in the omrniRiive, wimst senator Hammond in a reccn#l<sttcr takes a mure bopeful view of tlio rosult and expresses his abiding faitli in tbc sno > ccss of Iireckinridge and Lano. Tlie result is exceedingly doubtful, and .there is nothing in the progress of events to hfTord * certain basis of calculation. In the present streug^f of parties, tho event se?ms to depend entirely upon the vote of New York, and this will be determined by the fact of a fusion of the opposition strength in support of a single ticket. The Bell und Douglas men have already formed a nninn t.1.1 ll.n : -t ?.<U *..w UVVCBv-lUII VI IIIU DrCUKlUTI U^Q strength would give llie Opposition nu easy victory. Of thie union, there eoenis a', present a fair prospect, and the conservative journals of the State are ze.alouslj^urging the measure as the only nmdu of. shearing the defeat of Lincolu. Without the vottfb"? N?W York he cannot ho elected. The election would he throwu into the Ilotiso of Rflpreaentjltivew. wharo either one (4 his opponents would be effoaeu, or in case of no election, the Presidency would devolve upon the Vice President to bo chosen by the Senate, w ho would certainly be General Lnoe. But should these hopes prove fallacious and Lincolo triumph, will Die South submit? TlioJ,, she should not, seems to be generally agreed among?our Statesmen, and that she will not we jjs4eertninlv believe. The election of Lincoln involve olir political degradation?firet, war immediate exclusion from power and place *imhe Governm^pt, and eventually the destruction of our dearest interests. The question of final emancipation may be a remote coOBe4l,eI1ce 'whose deep significance we cannot at present' well reaftze, and which may not appeal with sufficient force to produce united notion. But the very tfttimph of Northern sectional party involves ocr exclusion from political preferment under the government, and seals GUI' political degradation. This is the all-potent ^eoneiderntion which is now roujing the spirit of Southern leaders, and think muSt ensure vuimeii acnon at me south, 111 the event of Lincolu's election. In this view, we tliink m\ the question of scpnrate^tate action will nieflfry er arise?but should the Worst come, -we would with Mr. Boyce, prefer any alternative to di ? honor. " DTTE WEST FEMALE COLLEGE. We would respectfully invite u?e attention of our readers to the advertisement of the Board V ft ? of Trustees'of this Institution, which may be found in another coltimn. The Collepinla e* ^ercisea will-be resjimed on (lie"Third Monday, of October ne*t, under the control of an. able* ns^ talented corps of Profeasora qdcI Teacher^ ?Rev? J. I. Bonkkr, Trisidebt?^ Tim courae of Etu<^r 'ia'thorougU and extensive, nnd besides .the rtgularcourse, pupils ?ro taught Music on . the Piano, the French Language, Needle 'Work, and Painting in all ita varioUa.branchoa>? The Colleire is located in T)nt? wS??f nno r\f I the most moral and "pleasant villages in the State, and as for the health-of the^j&ee none have doubted it. ^ We would appeal to our citizens in behalf of this institution uu the ground that it is our own Institution, and that we should patrony^e* home institutions in preference to those abrftatj^ andthat the Faculty a^e^g ctytnpetent as thVH Facility of any similar?&fctitution in the Stat?5 fltid, also, bn tli? ground'thnt the cost and expense, all things considered, -of sending our daughlers-lo this Institution, is bufshisll when cumpargd with the cost of p.^groaizing those at a distance. * s - i * ' **- < ? r WHOLESALE DEY 'G00D8 STORE, We take.pleasure in calling the attention of - . I. - -J .RLE . - e ' vki icuucio vv kiiu nuvciiioeiutiu u 1 ixjcwra. KaUFFEh, Bavm & Co,, "Wholesale Dry Goods vllercbants, at Augusta, Ga. These gentlemen would respectfully inform merchants and^lbenT tbat they have just received their Fall' anS^ Winter Supplies. We have no doubt^ Goods can be sought of tbera as ches?. as -the same articlc can be bought at any xfrholjMttlj JBouth. Recent'y they'have enlarged Store to double its former sixe, and are offering for sale Hue largest and most^aeliet Block ftf Dpv avaakrnnivlit: *a - o? -- t?e>~"? A* one of Jl^eir firm is a resident North, whose only business it is to buy Goods for this firm, ; they enjoy great advantages'in obtaining the latest fashions, styles, Ac. We solicit for Messrs. Kacffeb, Bavv A Co., an early call, a? they will be,To und gentlem*nf ly and accommodating in every respect, and if tliey cannot please tho purchaser he maty as well go home And say he cafl't be suited in Goods. ' . -? tfle-Posrno.n or-"t7dv*?nok Ewrcnka.?Wmhinoton, August 24. It is new understood in well informed political circles in this city, that Governor John Letcher, of Virginia, will decline to take any active part in the contest between the respective pa?tizans of Brdtkinridge and DAUglae. lie belifcvet that Lincolnlagelect ''tion is nrnderfe certain by the derision* and . broils in the PAmooMetic camg^and regards the Sissolotfon of Ine Union as inevitable in that I eveui, ue lurtner aeciares mar, in eucn an emergency, lie will immediately 'take etepeto s 4>nl Virginia in a position to be ready, at ?U .< ;^?zsrd?, to maintainJTer rigbu sea sovereign State.?[Exclutive DetpaUk to Okfirleiton Mer| * 1 TiiTrrrTftf-. TQgmp^&AND, N*. Y., MarqbT-6, .I860. Mr. m*^gg^OA5;-L have Hied yoor tt?lr 1 ResUji &^MjSfa'ezcdUHt'eJ'ect. - JLt fully restored whiah was quirt' grey, to iU 6 natural coior^fciokening it op very much. My e wife has also us^d it, and it lie* restored Kefl liilr, giving it netrWe. Respectfully, J. I. GOODELL. . " Beotembe*. that tbjMftuU we* produced by II*i*8T9EKT* Inijnimije, the original and only )tr\an jfflj moU \nd a bottle. *?\i <W<?fa?r?, ?ni ?| 'drugrtor?? Propria #** ^l^wosjwar# HiuKjHnuriwa. ' '* o??rtur*. !>** %?? by &!#* Comn?H*?? lfN?w jP Yofky-.tbr ft union with th? ?o?glM 6t*U ComJj jwfoW fer * oonf?r*n6? *lthVvlaW't? twlti J i Tb. ct..ir**a fi *Wy u?<?autw>l>t?4?b>>> npifc?J ^Jiiilij Lt 4iiip>^wjU ur* |u Uwttfr iutHfr * CV^NIC, . ' - "J To tho Votora of AbbeWlo District. . V" In tlio Inst issues of the village papers op? ponied n series of questions propounded to the oandidntes fur t1i? Legislature by the citizens of Greenwood, which I propose, through the suiuc medium, to answer. Whilst I do uot consider ifr1 in accordnnoe wiili the spirit of our Republican institutions that the Representative should beeotno the ittere nutomaton of the people on questions of detail, 05 tbftt large cinqs of matters which onn only he decided wisely hfter an interchangj of viawe, and with a full knowledge orf attendant circumstance*; yet, I tit ink. tlio voters should, know the principles nnd the general scope of the political opinions of those who propose to represent tlietn. And, therefore, I tKick it right for the candidate, when requested, and upon proper occasions, to express his opinions. 1 tnean his real opinions, for if 4lie candidate for office, for the sake of office cxpreues opinions other than those really entertained, he not ouly acts the part of the demngogue, but f-lo,. f? ii.? r i - ~ r o 1 u iw^v w ?n? iuiiuhuiviiuii J/* i uvri jmu u i ivc|mu* lionn Government. Tlie people have more interest in exactiug from their candidates for oflicc frankness and candor, than in requiring submissive acquiescence in their <tgrn opinions. Mr. Burke expressed the true view when he Baid to his constituents of Bristol: *'I did not obey your instructions: No, I conformed to the instructionsof truth and nature, and maintained your interests against your opinions, with a constancy that became me.'/ lu this spirit I answer the questions : 1st Interrogatory: "Are you prepared to cast your vote for tlitf nominees of the Richmond and Baltimore Seceding Constitutional -Conventions?" 1 answer, thnt if elected, I expect to vote lor urccKinriuge and Lane. If we could elect these gentlemen, and thereby give the sanction of the country to the platform upon which tliey stand, the anti-slavery Black Republican party would not only be defeated, but virtaally destroyed. There is reason to hope that as a political organization they would never be ^so formidable again. South Carolina joined in the nomination of Breckinridge and Laue, and she is bound iu honor to mgWf) common cause with her Southern eistera sjjjyj>8iricere, honest effort to elect them. And in thia view her character for fidelity, as well os her true inter esta rtquire that she should refrain from every thing pending the canvass likely to d.iniage the prospects of their election. It is well Jioown that I endorsed the nomination as soon as the intelligence of it readied us. 2d. Interrogator^*: "In the event of the election of the Black Republican candidate to the Presidency will you decide at once for a Southern Confederacy, or will you submit to the victorious domination t" 1 answer, that I stilt have some hopes as to the result of the Presidential election. I am not yet wining 10 aama mat x. in coin will certainly be elcetcd. Such admission I think impolitic and likely to cgaiat in producing the result eo much depr^cateflt^icool^^rill not baVe a majority of the peopletri the United St&tes in hia favor, and I can hardly bring m'yjejfito he"lieve that lie will be elected. We shoald at IaiirI. afrilfrola aafn^ot 1 ** on/1 P??i*1ifnltw ?"??" bH.~ w-.j ......... ?6?m.. it to the last. But if our worst-refers should be realized in 1>is election, then I am in favor of a dissolution of tbe union and the formation of a Southern Confederacy. The fundamental principle of the Black Ri pWt icou organization is opposition ti slaverj-?that constitutes its vital element, and the election of their candidate bv a purely sectional vote will demonstrate both their power and their determination to "wage a relentless war upon our soinstitutions. This conclusion a? to tb* jSpBftPjriicy of th<; South is attained, not so simple election of an obnoxious jtaAttffiElfcjityrebensien of . immediate dnnger "I ns from the evidence which that election" wiM afford.of the probable condition of tbinge ib the future. As a single ey?T?\ the dlabtion of Lincoln will be comparatively liarml<wb, t>ut as ai symptom apUbflaii?tion of thingrfit wjFl"be, al?.(stn^g^?*^fi?5 will abflolve ue fft^%U< pretense of oMigAtion tq. remain longer'm^e'tTtiioo.tJ ^Republican party, it is true. doeB imt^yriftfftpose i i>u iiibcnrre witn biu>ur)* 111 me aqnM{Qnnn ine dogmas upon which the paryfiS^Woitafldd .ipiyt inevitably lead to that, fi tu.e^ follow ronfc their principles to theiV legitimate result#, they will, at no distant day, propose legjel# ^ijiaupon slavery in the States I Thejf power ^Hf-as itrOta been prjduced?will atfti continue 4U> livg^pori oppositipn to that great institution whjph is neoe&sa^y to us, and whicli wearersSolved to nytintain at all hazards. The fanaV jg^l spirit of tho;6rgaitfsitioft will be stimqi Intod by'liavinc control of the Government; 4Siiut 1U UIJ juujjilieul, II WUKIill OB IU6 VIUBI "course for tito slftveholdiqg States not to remain in the union after Mie election of * Black Re pobltcen P||?ident. 3d- Interrogatory: "In oaae tbo formal anion and confederacy of two or mote of ifij cotton States should-prove impracticable, wrf you or will you not enpouse; in Qod'a strength, the secesaion of Souti)- Carolina separate an<] alone f "Be it further Retained unanimously. Tf\a w mil support no candidate for the ^Ixgitldrffi %eno etiuer rtJUM* to respond to the above infer tyffatorie*. or fail? to antmer them uneytiivoculh the affirmative.'Id auewering this lnterrogitory-1 will male* do allaaion to the per eft P1 jfey. Yceolp tion o .condemnation io'adYfliice, Wtt^dt^ygcompanfa it, elcept to sty tltat it ha> lwtnffo effect what ever upon the expression tff my opiuiona. Bfi Brian is*fit tp repretfnt the intelligent and liberal^nipdcd District of Abbeville who baa no view* of ?U o^mb too well settle&lo be ehs?ge< by Bucfe m?4rtB,.or wb*;io matter of iinpor tanee woohfifr.ubr*?dtfo- *ren fc cgeips-lbfeR^'bvin>n Iwto ben ^ 'WPV . I nfr?t jtb%t tbia jfnastfon hu bMD pro pounded, not on*tny o^o Account, hot- i*gr ' ^onai4?fMj<jna connected with the |inli|p^?f)'i1 ? JN* aa it'iiw been, and an apawer ioikted.ufo: ( will >!?k'me yiotri iiiXHrJ ln.lt. I XjioToppofcnl to the <J iaontaion.at ti(ia tl{p< if the qf 4it?oo oi aeftarata Mce?*ioiU0f Soutl durolioa on M*o?n\ of LitMllt'l ?1?ctioa fo ' the following rwiODi, among olliin. j J*t. Thadiaottaatotpla pr?roatiiro?do n good, ando>ayj<o mn'oh harm?aeparjLte m?ca ion ppert^ioa'toJbft^gana^dy, JwKwh la nc bow pr^iitg for^TJocision, becanw tb? evil i wot y?t opoa oa,and bj toast? ?ffk>Han<? flrwtofc coujifsls may possibly b? avoided. The. qo? thfe caoad* erf* for W?? e?o*? jadi*j|tt?4Mk*# Jtt doable contingency O^LMmv iftM<h?v?irta trill eefrUio'v IuibMd Vaffeh t it 'ted trilling ?on0<|5?. *r?n%j} ?ooogh a poo u?, wilhoai rtieif>?ting olher f | tor? * tfedtfaej to drride y % ' ** * . jC !#btajncd. ^\V? ftre alF>on tha. -tnrao plntfortn wind struggling to fleet Mr. Ureokinridge.^JLct us lio|>e tLAt the co operation uapQ?ed will continue throughout tho struggle. Why dUlru^t our allies, detract our ranks und parttlizo our efforts ill tiic very mid^t of the fight f and especially upon a hypothetical question which cmiqot even conic up until nfl<>r tli? hattie is loe.vind wo have been abandoned by all our allies. It will surely not aid in the fight or produco harmony among tli^BoUtliern siutee, lor lift to uwume in nuvaooe^St t.Uey? our naturul and actual ollies?intend to do tl.at, to which our judgment i<6?> decidedly opposed?submit without a struggle to the control of a sc&tional hostile lilack Republican administration. Wo need ns an indispensable necessity to sucec.'s'TuI resistance, Southern cooperation. As Mr. Calhoun declared long ago, "tlint is the one thing iii^idful." Ii seems to me thut it is not good policy to rniae a doubtful IJuestipn in advance, which will certainly have the eirect of damaging the prospects of such co opcrution. If we assume that we will not have eo opcrution, thut very assumption will aid in preventing it. If against all our united efforts Lincoln should be elected, tken ?c should go for the co-operation of all the Soul hern States in taking measures "to set our house in order." If thin cannot be attained, then we should labo'r for the co-operation of the cotton States, or nt least some of them. If tlri&e should fail us, thru at the proper tune, we c:in, with the whole field before as, decide for ourselves whether we will abide the fnteof our Southorn sisters eijunlly interested wiih us, or aecedc 3i:)JUIiilV u 11 u aiunu. Ill IIIU lllllgUagC OI Hid lamented Judge Uutler: "Separate aingloliaml< (1 secession is the last arrow in the quiver, and should be reserved for the last, mos? desperate emergency." lid. The discussiorf of the question now .will divide our own people unnecessurily, and at a lime the most inopportune. In so important a matter it ih of the utmost consequencq^j^a I we 6honl<l be united. For one State alone tc secede from the Union would he a grave mat' ter, uuder any circumstances, but with a divided people iU success would be utterly impossible. We afe^ll now united, let us remain sc at least, ucti^?fter the Presidential election, and events force issues. Let us not in advancc wantonly'divide among ourselves. Let us foi the present bestow all our blows upon our one mies. The expediency of aeparuto secession it a very different questiou from the causes of our dissatisfaction or their extent. It is simply a qneetlEp^-of policy?whether, considered in reffrertie to ourselves, it is wise cpr. unwise.? Gentlemen may agree as to the evil, 'and yel diller as to the remedy. This is no Dew que?' tioo in South Carolina. It was well consider ed, and many thought solemnly decided in 1852. At that timi great differences of opinion 'existed, and if the question is re-opened, the same differences will doubtless aguiu exhibit themselves. The Convention of 1852 decided that it wa? inexpedient at thai time for South Carolina, tc 'secede alone. And the Legislature a# Into n? * last l)ecember citing and approving the action of the ^Convention, " lirxolvcd, nna?vnott*!y. That the State of South Carolina till deferring to her Southern sisters, nevertheless announces to them, that it is the deliberate judgment ol this General Assembly, thot the slavfliolding States should immediately nyet together; tc concertmeasurcs for uuited action." It woulc seem that co operation is the settled policy o South Carolina, and I am unuble to see vrhai can be gained by now in advance re-openina this question, and reviving the old divtftionj among our people. y 4th. As the co operation of other States l! desirable, South. Carolina is not the propei ? Slate to lead off in this matter. She has attempted once to lend the South, and wtu obliged, after much effort and great excitement to fall back npon co-Operation. It is not to b< denied that South Carolina wants the full con , fidence of her Southern sister* upon this sub ject. It is notoriousltf'frue thnt^ie is chargec wuii uiHunioq pr?ciiv.?wcB. we inniK me distrust unfoun^Wtt but it is nevertheless true The Soufeh. w^aifl^je^iiore apt to follow th< lead of .any AMffffitote. It Beepis to me * therefore th&t^^ns'an>best serve tbe^ipmmor cau?c by tailing no position in position of 8auih Carolina ia 'w6ll known Every roan in Afnerica knows vthat she i " ready, and th'ere Is no necessity for ber tt make- strong declarations,' which subsequenl events, may make it necessary to explain oi nnfllifu- .T,pf dm'uton/1 iinnn r?n? wall tnn?. position?cease frtotn resolving and trait witl dignity antil tha proper tunes cornea, and tbei - act > ' , >-. 5th. The Legislature now to be elected wil , nolhsTo tha decision of the questions, of sep i* &?$e secession, and hence the question has no nfiadti in the different Distriots^of Wi State. 1 believe this is the only one, in whtol it bas be^n mooted in t]ja Legislative onnvasa ^ /The State of South Carolina can only be car I fried out of (he Union by a Copveotion of tin " people and in no other way. The only pow > er the Legislature^)^ in,reference to secessioi ' is to coll a Convention. tK Lincoln is eleo.tei 1 thing,*Sfl?y?ntioii ahould be cMfcd in thi I State". as^Bfyill certainly he called in Ala I hams, and-{Krhaps other Southern State?.? That ts all iv member of the Legislature can d< / npon (he subject. Tive qUesiidn of remedy in al iu farina can b? made and decided- -by the poo : pie in the election of membera (6 that Con f vpolion. To malie it now afcd divide the people will accomplish nogood purpose whatever ' and will certainly htV^lhf effect ofgiviny>aii - and com^rt to the epetvigr in the President^ > election. ft would rasufcjh, a dispute fpiom . ourselyes,* over wbich W^IJlack Repnfctyi^n Would raise a lvo%l of delight, and make caol ' Ital in t|i? election. 1 These are my views frankly expressed. repeat tfcry have beau formed solely in reie.i f ence to' the publie good, and wllhpat th slightest regard tft the prospects of my elee " tllm to.uie'L?giidsture. I think that a * srui^t^Stter. Whatever mny be tikar < result c ; lie pending election; the Dutriot oi Ab^pvill l haa-alraady placed me under * debt- oT-gViti i tude I shaft never be able to ?av. She ha kept mo in the Legislature for wfc eonaecntiv a Tears, fdfr ,wMpli I bare been able to miV -tp her no retarn Other then an unremittin K devotion Tier interest, and her honor. Bu L aa m?*b aa I\vala? thfr'|*iiaor, I do toot reg#r< r a tfhtibUlfe L?gW#Uri% wjwrtbme saerlgc , uf a nipgle oplnjon. One. Of trie claims of A I. beyitte ^?Sfepe? i? the fact <ffc*t aha do* o ?K>t eh?h#4ctC?f bierrthera "at v**ry reourrin ^ ,op6n the IMtinet at. tliia .tine- I*have d *> -#?*poo?1Wly.; , lty/wi|??dtfM3Ewfll|kii?wi K I n*tf noV " K 1??2 Tg.tSt the" * pe(H?S#y or *?p*tote:8t*tc K^mioi; audbo ' DO duubtnvhatef $r ns to ibo ?ober judgment< 1. ^ - m ' mm-mmt . .. .t ' . . COMMONyjA'f KD., ' * y ' Mr. l?4\tjfrz'i Iii tli?, village - papera of last ..week, u|ipc?ir soiilfr questions ^jirojiofciU) cnudidatiK fi>r\l?fcuiHi to tlio State LegialiiU^ft Tbey are uol upual.iu soma *e*j>e<flir In answeriug tUem I will look only to tlio Resolutions^1 with no reference to the persons fiom whom they have emanated. * - Thene resolutions dr> not seek lo obtain infor-' tnation Upon subjects doubtful to the projlotfhd?rs. They announce the predetermined opinion of the questioner?, to be enforced under the 1 authority of a sovereign pQWer?vhe sanction of rewards and punishments. *'Il requiren no slight effort to answer <|uesliotiB proposed under fucli a. menace; and iu doing t-o 1 jjiall, in refereuce to s<>it)e of them, avail myself of tlm answers which, in my judgment, the Stute hits already given. To tlie firsi'retolmioii I nnfftrer, tlint if clected 1 expect lo vote for Electors favorable to Breckinridge und I,one. Tlie second quention is "In the event of the election of the Dluck Republican cnndiihtlo to the Presidency, will you decide ul once for a Southern Confederacy,***^. The answer to this question is found in the recorded policy of the State. " . Dy the Ordinance of A. D. 1852. tiie Stuto acting in her sovereign capacity, declined that as a sovereign she acceded to the Federal Union, and asserted her right to secede from the Union for sufficient cause. By u resolution the Convention declared that encroachments hy the Federal Government upon the reserved rights of tlfe States, especially in relation to shivery, l amply justify thin State in dissolving all political connection with her co-S'.aies ; and that she . forbore the exercise of the right from consideratious of expediency only. i Uy a resolution of A. D. 1858, tlio Legislature of this State, unionist other things, " ReI solved that South Carolina is willing to stand by her sister Stales of tlio South, whether in the < Union or out of it, itud to innkfe common caute them in the vindication of ihut great in > KlifUiioii which constitutes our strength, our sdfQ; ty uud prosperity." By r&kiluiiouR of A. D. I8i>9. passed unani mously, reference wus made to the ordinanee > and resolution of A. D. 185*2, and after reciting ilieir substance, il wus unanimously resolved, * "Tlint the State of South Carolina, xtill tie ferring to licc1 Southern sisters, neverlheloi-s respectfully announced to them iliut it is tlio deliberate judgment of this General Assembly llint ' the sluveho!din;i Slates should immediately meet together to concert measure* for united action." i The foregoing resolutions manifest the posii tion of this State. Tlicy are far in advance of the Green wont^ Resolution which speaks of a ? decision to bt nfdSe. This decision lia* been made. A? a member df the Legislature I concurred iii^ - - vi them wliem made, ami they embody iny opihiS ious now. The message tc^Virginia last wititecj unanimously agreed to, i$f evidence of the sin^ cerity of the Stfete iti thi^pfTori. The third resolutionHlt( cabo the formal onion and confederacy 6#ifc\ro or more of the cotton States should prove ineradicable, will you or will you not te|>ous*y-in God's strength, tlie" secession of South Gilfioliim separate and alnne t" My impression is that this is the question for which tho others were made; and like the postscript of a woman's letter, develops the real iuF tcntion. '< Tho fixed portion of this State, f?9 ahead}' ' shown, is recession by co-opereitiou with O^her ' Southern States. ^ The question then comprehensively and dist tinctly presented is, are you in favor of altering r, .the settled policy of the SUte requiring tli% coHtwa,..,#:-.. *- ?-- - ' gu^w^x-viuu ui whoi 01 un;a in wie uul <11 secession, "acif-of adoptiug ill the event of Lincoln's elecs lion, t^re .disavowed policy (though not the right,} of separate Slate eecenion ? Not knowing what a day may tiring forth, I 1 prefer to be aided in the determination of any 1 momentous qugfctiou by the circumstance* which ! exisl when the decision mfcst be made. I have no doubt uiy judgment then upon actual facts would attain a more correct conclusion than ' any opinion founded upon hypotheses and sqppositions now. Besides, I aiu uqvyilling to surren' der, iu advance, my fr?dom of opiniou into the 1 fetters of pledges. "When ihe question of eepa. 1 rate State secession shall arise, I desire to be ' like my, fellow citizens?free to choose and act. ' These, however, are eounidetaiiaufof a personal ,i, *??? -.-.i 1* ?? - viim nuwi, uuu wuuiu iiui wsigii witri me Ul) I CBS 1 sustained-by otliors of graver.nuptat. Some of ' tlie^X ask leave to mention r ^ ^ ln?ifle 'firat rank I estimate unity amongst J ourselves?aiiiongKt slaveholders. The Legiei latuse'bas not thought unworthy it* attention i the preservation of ibis important element of success. ' la November, A. D. 1856, it was " Resolved t Unanimously that it is the sense of this General e Assembly that the Electors this day appointed i cast their votes' in favor of J nines Buchanan as 1 President, and J. C. Breckinridge os Vice-Presia 'flail of the United S'ates. " Jletolved, 'Phut in the election of ElecL^ijfor i resident and Vice-President to bo tastfetin* i day, no refareuQfe to' .the opinion of the candis dfUes ou the question of Natioual Noraiuatiug . Conventions is- hud by the Legislature." This was iu a high quarter, a worthy exampls ^ of wise moderation, followed, as it deserved tc _ Jkf, by siicceeaful result*. j j^Irihis admiral^ letter of 6lh' Atfgust inst., Senator Hammond says: i '' The poliiioal exigency of tii? day U the elecJ tiou 6f the new ProiideuL" "Itgi*?#me pleas * ore to find (lint South Carolina" Sic., " ?{>nrau * ing the rnfUK* quiqt courae," <tf. "It never was a sounder polioy than at ll>i? time." I I have nV doubt the dieoowion of aeparatc outs seeenion ai ttiia ttma will lead to diocmi _ aioiia, paralyziogjhe strength of the State to th< Ij weakness of ?u iu firm's arm. Men?wonld tab< >t tides upon suppositions to bVd&plaoed probably e at some futtire day by bard realities. But po 3 sitious once assumed inay, for consistency's sake e bfemainthined, when (be man if outran! rae tiK e b^r prpjudjco would form ^dflfaiiafc opiaiofl, ? Besides, of?wbat aerviee' oaq^ff ba )a lntrod?e< j ah eiemen^of discord iuio our mjdijsf' Bpppo*> ? It be answered thai th* uierobelettoV^tolJe eleo L" ted to the l^i?latop*?~s&r*rthey *fho, bjupwwti ujuiiv^vnii IUV vuuircuuuu, iUO IRIIB tp fore their opinkma ahotild be kKown. 'The Leg j| i?Ulure,/tn freat^raer^^^TeadiljMhrowaUH 0 burden of deeiaion and tfclton "open the. peo}>U ^ {a ooaver*lion. Sireh, at lefftt, ia the pdiliea hiatory- of lhi#-S{a<e: It ^j^rfc lHtl* or wha t- political complex i?a .tbo^Iiegiilatarfc may be j* cwveutiona to be/lMtly.wJjea^ral' th< ' ' **? t. ffiSfW* fil*tea, I thjnlr. Qeo^ia and Alab?p)a V. jfc'Wtf*? from mrmmtf, liilmay be mistaken .*' WMfc^iM.bUo.n [ProMOTt. "Wo a a It not b fc*, w6^Bf9Hp?>. t*kfc%r granted the fulfilment J; it i fg?? ' ' < '; - M < . - ... .. aoduroviile a remedy for the via?^iou of the p/oruiee f Would not such a policy defeat 'tho very end aimed ut?good .feeling and united nuUon ! The policy of this State eincc A18521tus produce) gootl frajt?tho advance and union in nclioh of the eolton-growitigStutcs. 1 think it injudicious to disturb .this policy by an ill-timed discussion of the question of separate secession. < character of on iudividnul is fur belter xnowu py me general tenor of lite life limn by single iictfl of elevation, or of meanness. So of u man's political character, humble oh it may be. I have served this District in the House of Representatives since A. D. 1846, one session excepted. Though this career is barren of great action, I trust that it is marked in roine degreo by efforts to be useful. I atn willing to abide by the record, and let every man draw froj^it his own conclusion. If this iniswer Ins nol sufficiently definite, and more he sought, thru I musl s >y that "yes" or "no" is without terror for ine, and chii soon be uttered. Only for the public considerations above expressed 1 have forborne a more definite reply. In answer to the last question, I am of opinion that the poMtiou of the free negro in a negro slave community is disturbing and a|rqu$ttU>tl8-? I am in favor of any ni?*UMtre wIffolf; without gruMj injustice lino lunumaniiy, will li-Rseq'their numbers. Tlieir absorption iu some way inni flhe ulave population occurs to iiiu us the bent way of endiug 01 diminishing the mischief.? There is much difficulty in the detail* of inonaureH proposed to remedy the evil. 1 am willing to coiiKent to and aid any just aud proper measure fer relief. I ask indulgence for a short explanation iu reference to myeelf: On the second raiding of the Road Bill last session, und after night, the Chairman of (loads proponed an amendment to his Bill in relation to some Charier on Saluda River, Abbeville Dia trict. Until the moment of its announcement I had not' lieuql of the umeodment. I was taken hy surprise, and thought it miicht uO'eci some charter already granted, and no expressed myeelf. I did not know then, nor do 1 know to llii* day, to what extent the amendment iuuv nflVnfc th? pecuniary interests of llie owners of chartered Bridges uml Ferries. I thought the legislation hasty, and feared it might be unjust. So far ns I know it is not the latter. I have heard that the Free Bridge was intended to be protected against all charters. It is protected against the charter of Kuighl's bridge and Gtunhrd's bridge, but not against the charter of Graham's bridge. This is probably an oversight. When understood, the subject of a free bridge is a matter no , one would think of opposing; and an increase . >j6f bridge?t>r ferries is au increase of public con1;venience.. Tho?? familiar with tho amendment . 4$tld-il9 efff.ct might well vote for it; which ; f$j9U)d/npt, lie dona by thosn to wh'jm\1.t was an addition to the Road Bill, and its inectSiot underhtood. ? THOMAS THOMSON. COMMUNICATED The Oreeawood Interrogatories. I RPA frnrn tho nrnrpf?/1ini?a r*f o mont!n? _ ! "'h" "" * ,"-ww,,,b VI the citizens of Greenwood, which appeared lunl week, Ihut the candidates are culled upou to answer certain interrogntorie". ' I cheerfully recognize the right of the people to call upon those who propose to represent them in viie l.egi!>niiure, lor hii esprrfwton of their politicul seuiirnenta. _ I ehall at nil times when ' it becomes necc?safy-hold myself bound lo give my Views U|>on.4rty question which uiuy be propounded to me. The np|irehenf>ion l&ol my views may not record wit)i:-'|he public sentiment of the LHstrict shall never deter me from <10 "honest expret-sion of them. I sIihII never stoop to the paltry office. of concealing my politicul principles ior the purpose of winUing a seat in the Legislature. i hiiouiu be unworthy of the contidenoe of the pegple of thfv -District were I to.f^Jjifv my owb convictions, that they m iglil aj^rd with the views of a majority. I shall therefore, without concealment or evasion, on all proper, occasions, givepublicity to the views I entertain. No one will, more cheerfully than mynelf, accord to tile people the right to know Ure lending and cardinal principles by which those who propose to represent tliein will be governed i though I do not think tha^ the demand should be extended to absolute aud unconditional Dled&fS t)B to-, what nolirtv th?v would niirmio upon iusuQf to come, or contingency to happen in the future- It is impossible to foretell the precise circumstances or condition of things which mny exist upou the happening of nny future event, and without a knowledge of these it would bo quite ne impossible to tell in advance precisely what would be the best policy to be pursued. Besides, if every member goi-a iuti the Legiidatnre pledged to do this or thul< and nothing; elaet then. this body ceases to be deliberative?its ohuructer as ? body (01 council and deliberation is taken away?id t members are forbid4sti to council of each other?they loose their"' otfn individuality? ; smothering, it may be, their own conviclions.? thus <fwar?ng themselves into livih? human i mftctnneH winch are made to uttpr uyt -what 1 tliey have been told to ray, and dd^njfr they havo bnon iiiktructed to do. ' I mean to think and'act for myself, whether as a representative in your Legislature or a private citizen. I intend that my actions shall accord with my own convictions of daty, without.reference to tho opinions of utheffc I shall * putsna my own convictions of right as a member of the Legiiil&touro?/yid leave it to my on? atitneitfita improve or disapprove of my con' With ffleft prefatory remarks I will proceed ' to rive the views I entertain npon the questions ' propounded. I wish these Ticws/howewr; to b< understood u au exposition' of my present im prewions as to what would be my course upi&Ji ' the happening of the contingencies the ques ^ tiqp* refer to, aud not as an ahsphite and un * Conditional pledge to act in a& future time ii accordance with them. I shall Alf'in accord ince with theft until I aw conviucsd they ar< wrong. I shall hold on to the faith thai is ii toe till I shall"hat^> found the convincing reason of a.h^Wer fsjth, > U0fjgm before enpr?M>;d m; approbation of the Richmoni ?4B<ltimor<fC5*nj|^y^ktd endsrsfd, througl mo commits 01 uiy jwiim , tb# piMiorru oi prin ^ ciplec tipoii wWflhthey h*fe beea plwed, I deen ' it unneoemry ?t prCMut,. without going int 9 ?oy of the reiHM which have influenced mo, t do. more thin igafn repeat that I *ill, in 411 - nunu>i? M tMeh M may be 11 my. poip?r .fo 'ttafc vfeotfoa of Bnekinridgt (t 1 the chfef HgtitrJay inif tht^ff/pablic. I p*t *' W?rr>>t?*OTy, to wH>,# tfca elfoikn ?f tU 9 ??^ -** fu^of hisaucco?8. I have other reason*, wWeb, taken in.connection with (I10 fact of bis elti* tion, should in my humble opinion convince as of the^ great necessity of inaugurating soma de firm to policy for our futur4 protection. I do not mean to intimate thnt'our institutions, as how existing in llio States, w ill he in iminodiate. danger if Lincolu is elected. I do not believe that his administration would attempt any measure of- emancipation. The time for that is not yet. I look'behind the mere fact of-his election. I know, and every man of common sense wast realize, the unmistakable fact that the political power of these United Sta'es is being transferred to the Northern section of the Uniod. T|be control and patronage of the Cpveruinegtjjnust soon pa-a from the South to the North. -When I (un convinced of this fact?when I feel that governmental authority over me and my property is passing into the hands of tj>e Northern masses, it then becomcs a duty, from which none of us should shrink, to jxtuning, as far -to*may l?tt nr?nHn.il.lu !? " ? ? r-: 1-1*? ?! ** " ? ,??v?v.i, tun inviiuBiiip or auimoaiiy of those who are to rule us. If the powei1' which is to rule in friendly to our- iustitntioiirf then they are safe; but ou the other baud, if it is inimie^i?if there is in it an inherent hatred lo us and our institutions, then, iu ifiy humble opinion, it is a dangerous policy lu submit to It* for a moment. Tho ltlack Republican power may, and no riouBi will, ho cautious, perhsp^too prudent ut present to precipitate tho country into revolution; yet with its inveterate hatred to us, I its policy cannot but be insiduoun aud dangerous. Our proposition is, that if the power that con: tmle our Government holda to moral aud polili! cul convictions, which are inconsistent with/''''1' rights, that there cannot be o permanent peace? that there cut) be no such thing as a harmonious Union?that the conflict between our rights aud the jawer of the Government must continue without cessation until the lust vesta ge of slavery shall have been swept from the continent. Whnl, then, is the ruling spirit of the Black Republican party i Is it one of friendship and utility to us, or hatred aud animosity I Do you man me cviucnce 01 iis nairea I it is not difficult to find it. It is scattered abroad ijk tho laud us thick us the falling leaves of autamn. It is seen in every line and paragraph-of the Republican journals. It is insultingly rung in our ears upon tho floor of Congress. It hangs upon the lips of bit Yankcedom. It hns invaded the sacred'places; pnpplunted lAic religion, yea, t lias lifted iln deforinitv"4toubd the sacred ul'tur and ia blasphemously proclaimed from the pulpit. Volumes might be citrd from tlie speeches of its leader* to prove its hostility, but I forbeur, believing tliut the exi3teuce of tiieir enmity id a truth Lbnt none will presume to deny. Knowing nnd keenly f. eling this trulh, I bin Bcarcely imagine how the South can, consistent with her own safety, tnmely submit to the administration of a radically sectional party, whose very soul and life-lilood?whose cohesive jiuwer rfau upon ine lone and single idea of implacable hatred to that institution which it . becomes us as mou and patriots-to defend and preserve intact. Why fIiouM we wait when we ace the enemy advancing. Will the South ?trik? while she is able, or ainnd a silent spectator of the *Bdvuiiciug wave of her own desolation and ruin? Shall we hope that the Government can b* administered according to the spirit of the Coi.Btitntion, when those who are chosen for this office are the sworn enemies of that instrumei " 'Tia to hope against reason." I know that it is di^icult to look into the future, and realize the consequences of our present action. 1 know that it is hard for us to realize future danger?that it is no easy task to nwnken men to a sense' nf present duty, thul evil may lie prevented iiy the future. Our present action should ulway* have reference to ;he futuio. This generation is charged with'the responsibility of acting for the.next succeeding one. T*h? experience of the past thirty year's agi. tation of the slave que*ti6u Js jjuite sufficient to prove to me tliat there will btj'.nb cessution of it in the fiilurn?tluit the conflict upon this issue ,flflost continue while the Government last. En tertfUHinir thpRA Vinwo T nhnll l?nnn lit. Jflfllinn p ? ? *? v.vv? ?w?? of LincC'ln, contribute us tmi m?y b? in my power to lying about TheJj|j)iOM and confederacy of any two or naoro-u# the BouUiutn 8t?le?. I shall " decide at once" for a Southern Confederacy, and give myself unhesitatingly to the accomplishment of ihn< object. I wuulJ leave yino expedient untried, hot would couutenauce any meesure which I believed would result inthe con federated union of any two1 or more Southern State* I shall next consider briefly the third inte rogatoiy, in these words: '.'In case the form. 1 union and confederacy of two or more cottcu Stuies should prove impracticably, will you or will you not espouse, in God's strength, the ^ ccxKion of South Carolina separate aod alone." ( The proposition embraced in this query is ( operate and distinct from that coqtaine^iu the | Second, and I do 1101 think that the iasoe which it makes should enter into the canvass. TKfl momfipm -of (Ka T.fljrwlnfnpo 5# upou that issuei have do power to decide It.? The Legislature is not the sovereign power or the State, and it of itself cannot ?#(e the States out of the Union. It is only a Convention of the peopje lh*t can decide the questiau'of seces siou or no secession. The power, however, to eall this Cod vent itfn lies in the legislator*.: If the Legislature calls a Convention, then and not viu men, siiouio me question or aeperato 1 State action be'Considered. It will result io no good to get up division and dissention abont it now. If it is desired, that thin issue shall bo 1 made at (he proper time it is only necessary to send meu to the Lqgtalaluro.who tfould vote for tlie call cf a convention. After the conrention has been called, delegates will be eleoted who will be clottied with authority to dtolde ihe m*ti tor. ~ This is my vitfW^s-to the poHoy of making i it a question in the present election Of member* > to Ihe Legislator*. Yel t do not ahrfnlttffom tho responsibility of indicating the position I should i occupy when U?s ' I ean imagine, even as a last resort^eondiLion of affairs ip which I might ba opposod to fi potato State aci tion. If I beliored that such poliey would array our sister Southern State* agafcVt os.or create ? civil wttr among-t punwtves. I shoo|M^}?Oae it; i' but on tho contrary it 1 beKe^jj(|lM^ftaraU b stale Action.aMp?tety Wtfllfe ?{?onfodf artvtion of even theTcoU^* St^toi^^WWtUror 1 it. \ *" : * l? ' Having devotedoonook ?paee o1r*44gJ?tbia matter, I batten to oooeider yttur hirt^airy^ ? reference to toe negmee. I have" never refardo m) these with qtehlmr. I should bo glad'lhat o they w*r? ??t amoegefc tw. L I ,do not aoo any f eflWnalvoodo' of rUttwy^|6et*py of then . bat to make a Uw con>w??tfeg them4o leave tho ? SUte. Of b&aold-Hrto ejavvry iothe higheet bidd"f '1 10 ht r -2..Z ;7**Wb.^ s . *7 * ?