TflK IKDEl'ENDEM 1'ttKSS
Alii VI3 VILLI0, H. O.
W. A. LEE, EDITORFriday
Morning, March 30, 1860.
TCTNEW ^UBSCRTBERS".
THE PRESS AND FARMER AND PLANTER
AT $2.50 PER ANUUM.
To nid in t lie circulation of tlint. oxcollent
joiirn.nl, the l'armtr tnul J'lantrr, iiihI t? increase
our own circulation, we will furiiirli it
to cncli now subscriber .it Fifty Cents, jx-r nn
num. The nmnc in all cases to lie nccotnpaiiiKil
with the cash. TIi'ib arrangement to he uoc.il i
for one year only.
FOR TAX COLLECTOR.
Mr. Editor.?Dense announce \V. II. 11 ill ??n
as a candidate for the ofliee of Tux collector
ns the enduing election and oblige.
MANY VOTERS.
For tho Legislature.
The friends of W. JAMKS LOMAX on
nonnee him a candidate f?r the Legislature a!
the ensiling election.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
We direct attention to the" advertisement of
Messrs. Gray it Loukktson, who have ju?t received
their Spring Stock, embracing every
novelty of tho season. Their stock is untmmlly
lafge and select. Give them a call at No. 1
Granite Range.
We direct attention In ilm n,li...niian..<?..i ?< i
the well known Iron Works of Wh.liam Oi.azk,
Columbia, S. C. lie is prepnred to execute
every variety of Brass nml Iron Maimfaetnre at
short notice, and keeps constantly on hand a
large assortment of everything in his liue of
business.
See the Professional Card of Dr. D. P.
son; Commissioner, Ordinary and Sheriff'a advertisements.
ERSKINE COLLEGE.
The Spring exhibition of the Senior Class in
Erskinc Colioire. oceuis this vwr nn Tini?.l.n'
? J ? -
evening, the 6ili of April,
COLD^WEATHER.
During the pant wo-.-k we have had a continuation
ol the unseasonably cold weather,
which has made firea very comfortable. ~\W
have had Loth front and ice, and it is thought
that the fruit is generally killed.
RAILROAD CONVENTION.
At the Railroad Convention which met at
Louisville, Kj*, on the 21st, twenty-six roads
were represented. Resolutions were unanimously
passed, recommending the early construction
of a railroad bridge over the falls of
the Ohio rivcr.nnd invoking the early approval
by Congress of Senator WigfaM's bill for a rail
road and telegraph line from the Mississippi
river lo the Pacitie.
MEXICAN TREATY.
The Mexican Treaty will come up in li e j
senate some day this week, says the Washing- j
ton States and Union. It stands a better
chance now than it did before the rejection of)
the Nicaragua Treaty. The objections of .-'en- |
ator Simmons to the eighth article are not con. j
6idcred tenable, The Rhode Island Senator I
had not siuJied the bearing of our treaties with ;
European powers, or tlint, of the treaty In- was i
discussing; but being exhilira'ed with the idea [
of killing the treaty and saving the ccuntry, '
be hastily assumed a position which proper reflection
and investigation prove unsound.
MAERIED WOMEN.
In reference to the bill for the protection of
the property of married women, just passed
uy mu ucw i ?>i"K legislature, the 1'ribnne |
makes the following jus', observations: '"Tlic
act,will cnal le five thousand women in our
State to earn and sav<. at.d liv<> 011 their own
resources, who are now living on t-ufTcrancc,
and wliose furniture, and even clothing in tli?
case of each; l)elongs"to a reprobate or drunkard,
who first deceived, then deserted her, leaving
her to toil in penury for a hare subsistence,
liable at any moment to he stripped of her all
by the brute who has made her life wretched."
LOGAN'S HISTORY oVsOUTH CAROLINA.
We learn the present edition of this valua1.1
1
oic wui-k is ueing inpirily exhausted, on<l all!
who arc desirous of procuring copies had better I
apply at once to Messts. Hit sen ?L Au.kx, the i
hgents at this place. The price has been reduced
to ?1.25, and it is now as cheap a bonk as
can be found Jiorlli or South. Wc have already
spoken in high terms of commendation
of this work, which has elicited the favorablli*.
judgment ol the most competent judges, and
has been generally widl received. To the citizens
of our District, it is pat ticu'.arly valuuble
for the amount of local tradition which itjfj|ibraces,
and the new interest it imparts lo famtl
iar names and places. Wc take pleasure in
commending it t'j the patronage of our read- j
era.
THE KEY. DR. LELAND.
This distinguished divine of the Theological
oemiiinry 01 coiulflbin, held religious services
in the Prcsl>yteri?n Church of our Village on
Sunday lost, and delivered two very impressive
diBCouiats to large and attentive nudicnceB,?
At the urgent request of his frieuds, lie was induced
to remain on Monday for the purpose of
delivering a lecture to young men. The attcndanceTvas
large and the lecture full}' equal
to the theme and the occasion. The reciprocal
duties of parent* and children, and the great(
responsibilities which rest upoo the youth of?
the. country were forcibly portrayed. The
Doctor is a O ne speaker, and with a rich voice, 1
a full, distinct utterance, and an earnest and
impressive manner, he haw do difficult}' in kefpi.?g
alive the attention of his audience.
^ i ?
THE HOMESTEAD BILL.
?e ace that we Bill which gives 100 aerca.
of fcnd-to every citizen of the United States!
tfho will occupy it for five year*, and then pay
ten dollars, has passed the House l>y a large
sectional majority,?only one Northern man
yotio# 'against the measure, and only one South,
ern man, (Mr. Craiqb, of Missouri.^ for iL "Tlii?
would seem to be a strict sectional " question
frj>m tlie vote here given,b9> in the Senate it
lias reoeived tlje support of the Tennessee Senators,
Messrs. Johnson and Niciiouson, who have
roa<fc elaborate spe^^ffe in its favor. It is a
.great ttfctioneering rtjensure, intended as a gratnityio
free-Boiiisra in the Mtpn-slaveholding
8tates,?nd could only pass Congress on the eve
of a Residential election. "^Ttiis wastilnl expenditure
of the national resonrros,. by ^e
dominant party to effect party purposes, at the
same time thai the passage of a tariff bill.^i
urged to meet the temporary wants of the government,
has jnstly been denounced by Ghin^
VcQikex and others of our RepreaUttattres.
The success of the measure is doubtful in Jth*
Senate, and io any event, it is supposed that
the I,r?si<fehV wHl veto it, hind thus defJtt it for
a time.
N|**
TIIE CAPTUllE OF THE MEXICAN STEAMERS.
Tlio news of the capture of tlu> two Mexican t
Steamers has excited Very general iitt<>iitiou, ,
ami much anxiety has been ft It with regard to |
the course of tlio tidiuiuiylrntion on the subject. t
It i* nlledged that the Strainers wvro ?.*(?)>!nv?,?l (
on account of a cross viohuion l>y them of tlio
l?w of nations; that they committed ail net of t
aggression l>v firing into our vessels, instead of j
recognising the signal which was given thorn |j
hy a national i.liip, to ?ho\v tlicir Hag, and an- i
swer an inquiry ne to thoir charactcr?and >
that J>v national law and our own statutes, ves- t
, 1
| sols commit lint: such an aggression upon the <
| high scan aro subject not only to onpture, but
j to condemnation by our courts. Oil tlio oilier e
J linn J, it seems that flic capture wns made i:i
j Mexican waters, an>1 Hint wo lind no right to
| assume the sovereignty of Mexico, and demand
[ of foreign vessels the exhibition of her colors.
The idea eeenis to he entertained in sonic <junr- 1
ters that this n union move on the part of the ,
Executive, intended to embroil the country in a f
foreign war, nnd thus divert attention from
Our troubles at home Wo annex the follow- I
ins; brief statement of the fact?, aril the coin t
nients of the Charleston Mrrcury : t
The facts npjienr to be these: Vera Cruz, j t
now in ihc liands of Jaurez, is beseiged by ; r
| General Mirnmon, his opponent in tlie strife ; i
for l>rcdontillllliee in Mexico. TIioro rtpniiior* i t
were n part of (?eiivrnl Miramon's force to re- ; '
iluee Vera Cruz. They were mined in Hava- l
n:?, ami omnc into Vera Cruz under no colors. "
The reason why they displayed no colors is oh- 1
vious. If tli.y lin?l displayed the Mexican s
colore they would have attracted Ae fire of t
the Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa, an?l they h:xl i
no right. to illume any oilier. Having passed "
j pneeesssfnlly I tic Castle, with but one shot troin j i
' the Casth*, to call upon them to display their *
colors, 't.liey anchored in the hay. At three '
o'clock at niiiht. the American Commodore orders
the Anuiiean s'oop of-war ,Saratoga, and 1
the steani'-r haltaiiohi and 77/o ll'div to pro- '
ceed to the nnelioraire of the Mexiean slcniners. 'I
On Hearing the anchorage, or.c of the Mexiean j '
sii-ahuts, pruuauiy ilie iiiarill, ruiscit l!er 1
anchor niul moved oft", ami a biiot is firod at "
her 1?v the it issnid, acrosslu-r liows; t
lint this eoulil not have been soon l>y the Mcxi- *t
ean steamer in the darkness of the night. The I
JtHliwiola is sent up to her to overhaul her, nnd t
her lmiI is very naturally answered by n vol- n
ley of musketry. The Saratoga then poured
into the Mexican sleaiucr a broa-.Uid.*, and u t
general fight takes place. s
Not, in tlio first place what business liad an v
Anieriean war vessel to attempt to compel a f<
steamer, quietly lying in the harbor of Vera t<
t'rnz, to show her colors? On the high seas, il
where a war ship of any nation sees a vessel v
sailing without, colors ho has a right to presume v
that she is piratical, and therefore he may com- ?
pel an exhibition of colors; but. in waters bo- fi
longing to a nation, only the nation to whom n
the waters belong can compel an ixhibiiion of i ?
colors. As these strainers were in a Mexican tl
harbor, the authority <>f Mexico only could <le- ti
ma ml the exhibition of colors. The American f'
vessels wcic in this h rboronlyby the courte- A
*?? ii;uiuii^,ui d\ vajsi'Wi ir?.'ii:y. i ncv im<i ii'? J y1
right to assume llie sovereignty offtblexico, un>l i s(
compel l>y force the exhibition of ^hus of ves- j fr
sels belonging to other nations i^Bharhor of N
Vera Cniz. 15ut if tliey had tlie right, to re- t<
(juireof the Mexican steamers to exhibit their is
color?, they required it. when the cdlors could y
not l?e seen. They went at the <!en<l'.ot^oighl.
to perform this delicate afl'air. It. is stated U
that the Mexican steatners did run up their ji
colors, hut nf course they were uiidistingui^ha^uj
hie at night. The Mexicans certainly eOinSWr
not have inferred that this was the purpose w a
the American war vessels. They found thefn- 1!
solvesflt (load of night surprised and shot at. fr
They of course supposed that the American ! ti:
squadron were enemies come to capture 4him. h
We fear that tliey were right; and that the p
hunt after colors was a mere pretext. The k
American squadron, we fear, attacked the A
Mexican steamers in the linrh?r of Vera Cruz w
at night with a view to capture them. The p
Constitution says that Congress only shall de- o
clftro or mitliori/.e war. Is not this war, not. c
only on a a oiiemy, hut ou a weak and unoffending
people with whom \ye are in profound, it
peace ? * v
OUR MINISTER TO FBANCE. S
A letter from ]fntu fn lit*, Va?? V
??.dated
March 1st, says the new'y arrived Ministor
of the United States, Hon. C. J. Faulkner,
had his first interview with M. Tiiouvesei,
French Minister of Foreign Affairs, on Monday
last, and will formally present his letters of |t
credit on Sunday next. Contrary to the usual jfi
custom nt this Court, Mr. Fidlkntr was invi- ti
ted to assist at the opening of the Legislative v
Session, na a member ef the Corns Didlomn- ?
?. . . ii
tiqtic. Every desire is manifested by the Em- h
peror's government to cultivate tlie most i<
friendly relations with the great American Kepublic,
and it is to be Imped that solid ad van- (I
tages to us will arise from tlie new commercial c
programme inaugurated by Napoleon III., and tl
the presence in France of an active representn- JJ
tive of the United States to negotiate a new
and improved system of commercial exchanges a
between the two countries. Meantime. Mr. (Faulkner
is preparing to install himself and
family, in this city of picxligc &ud appearances
in a manner befitting the dignity of hid posi- b
lion. (
GUR EPBING TRADE. ,1
Our streets during llie post few days hnve c
been ihrungtd with n bright array of visitors "
from the countrv, who had come in for the c
-' c
purpose of inspecting the varied assortments of
our murchnr.U, and selecting from the latest ^
novelties of the season. Some were in hand- v
some equipages from our vicinity, and others J
had availed themselves of the facilities of the t
Railroad to innkc a pleasant trip to the village. 1
The inducements which our merchants arc
now prepared to oflVr, cannot fail to attract one. J
citizens from all sections, and whether iliey may t
desire me miimluntial or Uie ornamental, do- I
rnc.stic 8ii[>plii-h, or fancy goods, we ore sure
tliot all eun lie satisfied at accommodating
rates. For (urlhcr particulars see our advertising
columns.
DEO^LCTTF.H8.
Tlio Senate lias amended the House Postage
bill bo as to provide that all lawn declaring that
postage at the rate of one per cent each, shall
be charged on all drop letters, or letter* placed
in any post office, not for transmission shall, but
fur deliver)- only, be repealed, bo far as applies
to drop letters delivered witlftn the limits of
arty city or town, by carriers under the authority
of the I'oat Office Department, on vKich
letters the rate of postage imposed for the supI
rinrt. nf tl.? ? ?: ?? : L L
i ? vmiicr D|&weui iu sucu ur town ^
slittll lo collected and no inore.
VHIFOBM BANKRUPT LAW. I
Petitions, Humorously signed, ore pouring in <
to Congrcwfrom all part* of the country, pray. I
ing for a uniform bankrupt law. A number <
have been presented by Mr. Jiarr, of Ifew York (
wljjcli were referrod to the Judiciary Committee.
Tfte indications are that Mr. Toombs* ;
bill, which inoludes debtois and creditors, will
if proper action ia had become a law this session.
The aBuig in Congress is decidedly in
favof of it _ slaves
iiTdelawahe.
- rapidly getting .rid of her slaves
* ******** 2200
I Their own#f*40tra it more
'Profita?|rr^b[ sell them at the South than to
aeep^^ro.?5ftaaex county alone ship* to the
South, oil. .fia^Ttrage, six per Week, ortwo
hundred and Mrelve a year. Eviry census
shows a decreaa^of ten per cent, in tne slave
population.
j 1TINKBANT SALESMEN.
"u'lu< V?'iKvillo / .'mjuircr contains a curd from
he int'ichant* and business men of tlint, place, |
i^reou g t?? indemnify citizens of North Oaro- '
inn from tlic eflTecta of the law against I liner- ]
tnt Salesmen, ?fcc., in the products which they i <
iMially bring to (hat market.
Tlic lli?n. II. MiG.wv contributes a letter I I
o the Jfui/uircr, covering one addressed to hint '
?y Iton. C. G. Mkmmikuek upon tlie same sub- J
ect. These gentlemen agree in the opinion
hat the recent Act does not apply to wagons 1
vliieh hring flour, corn, tohocco, apples, potn.
oes and other products from the neighboring j
Fifteen members of the Spartanburg I>?r alio
publish an opinion to the same effect.
The following is the letter ofCo). Mkmmingkr:
Chaw i:ston\ March il, 1800.
My. r>k.\n Pin: I linve receive.! yours of the
ith inst., in which you request my opinion ns
o the -Ifect of the Act of the last session upon j
he citizens of North Carolina and Virginia i
,vho bring into our Stale for sale, their corn, |
lour, tobacco and other products. j
The Aet seetns to be very swooping in ils !
lrovision-1, because of its using the general j
ernif, 'other persons" ami "otherwise." lint I
he context shown that, these words are really |
o ho construe 1 in a limited sense. Three feaures
are added to these "other persons," to !
tompl) te the description. They li:iv? no per- i
naneut plnce of business, no stock of goods in |
ho State, and they lire liable to pay a tax.
['he words are, "It shall not be lawful for any |
ictty chapman, itinerant salesman, traveling j
igcnt, or other person, not having any perniaicnt
and established place of business and I 8
took of goods within the State, out cf which i 1
ho tax may bo levied, to carry on trade am] j '
nake contracts for sales, l>y mentis of samples j ''
>r patterns, or otherwise, without fir?!, procur '
111; from one of the Treasurers, as herein pro- 1
iilcl, a litcDP"1 to cuiiy on such trade as itiuq- "
ant salesman " *
These persons are required to apply fur a ^
ieen-'e, ami the terms of application ami of ;
he license add other features to t lie description. c
he nj.pl ieant must set out a description of hit j 1
rmlr. The license must specify the tmturc <>/' j '
it: (nhlr, and the bond which is required i" ; 1
'conditioned that lie will make n true return | c
o I he Tux Collector of the District in which i fl
he salesmay he made, shewing the amount of j \
he l'<x to In- jut id hy him for una year from | 1
he date of the license and will pay such j 0
mount as soon as it may become due tfco."
These provisions imply two tilings: first,
Imt the party is to engage in itinerant trade; 2
econdly. lliat lie is to pell something upon
. hich a tax is laid. The first provision, there- v
jre, limits thcgencral words. ,:other persons," '
~t persons rjnitlciii yrncris with the chapincn, *
iuerant salesmen and traveling agents, with |
rhom they are connected. The second pro- i J
islon lures lis to the Tax Act to ascertain upon ' J'
hat sales the State has laid a tax. There we |
nd that an express exception from taxes is I
lade in favor of "the products of this State ! 0
rt<1 the unmanufactured products of anj* of | "
io United Stales or Territories." Thin execp I
on embraces the identical products which c
>riii the subject of your inquiry ; and the Tax {
ct. of last year, in relation to the tax imposed
n saler. both l>y permanent und transient per- 1
>ns, uses (except as to amount) the same -Ian- V
ua<:c which lias been used in preceding yparB. 1
o new tax has been laid, and if iW products u
> wIiL^lvou refer paid no tax last year, there
no ^^ound for holding them liable this "
car.1 1
It is equally manifest that the persons in r
sndeil to be reached by the Act are of a pc- I 1
JPiiir character, iiioy were tobeoftluj ilitier- J
class mentioned in tlic title of the Act. | '
rom 3f?cl>, mischiefs have been found to arise, j *
ixl tlic law is intended to guard against these. '
efore these itinerants are permitted to have )
r-e access to our people, some of our citizens J
ilist answer fur tlicin. j>ut to our own neigh- 1
ors who have been selling us their agricultural c
roduets for many years we would oifer the i c
indlicit hospitality. If the the words of the ''
,ct he strained so as to embrace them, they 1
ould reach our own planters selling their own c
roduce, and would make unlawful even an ''
rdinary sale of a horse, or negro, or any ar tile
or commodity.
J am, therefore, of opinion that tlic Act Joc3
ot xtend to the wagons which bring to j-our t
illage for sale flour, corn, tobacco, apples, pota- ^
5os and other products from tlio neighboring j,
tates. Very truly, yours.
C. G. MEMMINGEIt
Col. R. G. McCaw, Yorkville, 3. C. c
Q I ? i
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE COURIER. "
"Washington, March 10, 18C0. I
The National Democratic Convention will be
eld at Charleston, and not elsewhere. There j
i no possibility of a change unless tho Convcnion,
after meeting, Ahull themselves change it
rhieh is improbable.
The Delegates in Congress froin South Caro- .
na, Mississippi and Alabama, held meetings t
?st week for the purpose of exchanging opinjns
upon the subject of the proposed Con- c
ention of Commissioners of those States. The ?
wo last named States linvo appointod Com- *
lissionera to a Convention which is take into '
onsideration the relation of those States to "j
he Federal Union, in conformity with the prolosilion
of the Legislature uf Sohth Cavolina. *
'he conferenee of members here was to conider
the proper time of holding the Convention )
nd the mode of appointing those from South
Carolina, <te.; hut no conclusion was arrived
t. There was however, some vcrv smritcd c
iscussion on ll;c general subject.
11" the Convention proposed by these States
ic held, il will be held after the Charleston and
Miicngo Conventions, and before the l'residenial
election. At least, that is the general tinlerstanding.
They can then prescribe the
ourse which the thiee States, or others that
nay unite with them, will adopt in certain
ontingeueia^or rather they will recommend a
ourse for the States concerned to adopt.
Half a dozen of the Republican Senators,
vlio defeated the Nicaragua Treaty, now talk
if recusitating it undor the rule which allows
wo days for reconsideration. But it will be 1
iseless, because they will not assent to the in
ervention article, which is the verv fiat, of the 1
[Verity. I
Tlic Executive liavc notified the Honduras
tlinitilcr tliat the negotiation commenced with ,
iiin will be suspended, because it is useless for
he Executive to mnke treaties which cannot
>e ratified, while llie llepublieans control more
han a third of the Semite. LEO. ,
BOUTHEBN PEE8BYTEEIAN BEVIEW. J
A writer in the Winnsboro* Jifflintcr, of Sat ,
irday, makes an appeal in behalf this Ileview, I
rom which we take the following : 1
Tlio Presbyterian Review id conducted with '
ibility nnd contuins wholesome, solid Iiteraure,
consisting of ci>iitributiona from the .
,.r ?i.? '
wui;ia ui uic u.m f nuo 11* uura uwk i u
ieive the support its worth entitles it to.
Every member of the denomination of which il j
a the organ, or, at least every mejnber of the (
Church Session shouM subcribe for the Review. ,
Fathers Bhould encourage their sons and their
daughters to peruse its pages, t<f meditate proPoundly
on it* teachings and to receive its
precepts. If the rising generation would read
inch as the review, and discardthe vain, sickly
leutimental and nonsensical productions of the
North, they would be suitable companions for
the opposite sex, their conversation be vfried
instructive and entertaining, and not composed
of light and foolish language that so often
greets our ears at mixed parties.
I hope the appealed at present circulated in
behalf of the Keview will meet with s response
and that he will have again to record, ere the
parting wail of theSomhern Quarterly Review
tins died awAy, the discontinuance of the
Southern Presbyterian Review.
,' Domestic Wise.?YV# have been favored with
a bottle of excellent wine made from the
Maverick Grape^Mid sent ton by Dr/W. C.
Brown, of BelMn. It is decidedly superior to
any domestic wine that has been tasted by as
for a long time, aud"several friends concur in
our opinion of its excellence. Dr. B. informed
us that he nlsits Inumqjfifimi. gallons from a
single vine, and that h?s vineyard was an excellent
paying "institution.". Why it Is that
the gratis i# not mors generallyy cultivated in
thirfsection, wrare at*a loss to. understand.
The IJr. will accept our thank? for bis kind at*
tendon.?An 'erton Gazette, \
t
> ?
SOUTHERN TRADE.
From a lule number of ? scries of articles
niblishcd iii our Charleston exchanges, on
'Southern patronage to Southern Imports and
Domestic Industry," we mnke the following 1
.xtrnct:
To tl?< se acqaintcd with the nature ami com- '
|ilieated operations of commerce, it is plain
tnoueh to be seen thai Charleston can under- (
roll New York, even if the goods be first landed j
there, ami pay a ?lut3" tq^heNew York Custom
House. Goods are either imported by large '
Jealers, or sent out by foreigners to agents, to s
sell by tlie case or large quantity. These im- ;
|iorting houses, or agents, are hound to the ,
jobbing trade not to break package?, or sell in '
such small quantities ns to interfere with their '
customers. Any importer or foreign agent, j
who viol/ires tins rule, must expect to lose the ,
custom of the jobbing trade, not only of New
York, but of Charleston, Chicago, Cincinnati. 1
M, Louis, Louisville, Nashville, and other jobb- ]
ing cities and towns scattered over vasteountry (
Now, we wish our readers to understand the
ground work: That, imported yoods first conic I ^
nto hands that are hound by I be strongest ties j
lo Ilio wholesale dealer, more cotmnouly termed j
ebbing merchant, who purchases by the pack- | (
lge and retails out to merchants a class of i ,
imaller dealers, located in towns, villntr-s and I (
fount rv places; this class ef moil sell immecJia- j (
el}- to the customer. The jobbing, in turn, is > (
lotind to this latter class of merchants not to ,
nterfcrc with their customer.', by selling small
pinntities.
We will now try to illustrate the subject by
oUowing a Southern merchant to New York,
vhere he may desire to purchase an assorted
tock of goods, amounttfig lo from ten to thirty j
?r fifty thousand dollars : even the last named (
i'.llll will not. Iil'licill'" liin> '
mporling or agent's stock. I f he insists on
myitig fioni sik-Ii houses, the price will bo fix <1
at much higher rates limit the jobbing incr
liaiit pays, anil tin; custom of not breaking I
mefcnges will almost invariably rule him out.;
iiul lie is, of necessity thrown into I lie hands
if the jobbing merchants of New York, the
Ecenest and most adroit dealer# known in the
vorld?men who live by their wits, and who
aiinot sustain themselves except by exorbitant
trofils. .lust for a moment look at. things as
hey reallv are. A jobbing merchant in New
fork, pa} ing from fifteen to thirty thousand
!ol!ars a year for store rent; clerk lure, from
>nc to six thousand dollars njvar; having two
ir three partners in the eonccrn each living
n palaces at the most princely expenditure?
omparc this picture with the same class of
iicrchaiit* in Charleston, where the most cumnodious
and best locr.tcd stores rent from fifecn
hundred to two thousand dollars, ami i
lltero clerks arc now In irking for situations ; i
villing to pay their own board, work, and rc- i
civc no pay for the first year or two, while
he most expert receives Tor their services bat j <
ro:n ll ve hundred to two thousand dollar* a ear.
Can you not see that I he Charlt
ubher is able lo sell Chrttpvr than the ..
forkerst
Merchants of the city, town, village and <
ountry! consider oud nay whether you have
lot. been treading uuprolitable paths, and, if
icrscvercd in, will not ultimately lead your
ountry to ruin. Your notions of mercantile
hriftare warp.-l by errors r.s j^huing as those
>y which Abolition fauatici-im ia urged on at i
lie North. The Charleston wholesale merhaiilo,
an. n el ass, have as giunl credit as any
n the world. Tlicy purchase largely, and promre
their stocks at. the lowest rates.
The trade of New York is of a different class
ilti-gether; one hall cud probably three-fourths
>f them live from hand to mouth, under exirbitaul
and extraordinary o:*pcn?es, they buy
o-dnv ami sell to-morrow ate in tnanv instances
u,.Ll"OJ ..r ..I 1 l : "
^n.vci v? ?,iiaia-.m, unu ||?nces
or tinir goods t"ian good reliable merchants
1>>. If they cliual n man this year who Kvos
iftceii hundred rnilei'olt. nmi lose his custom
vhnL iI-j they care??the next year brings two
n lii.s place. ^<> great arc the profits made
>y merchants in New York, that every six or
light years uf lair sr.ilii'g and undisturbed
ommercial prosperity, transforms a large nr.inier
of tliose men of straw?jobbing merchants
nto millionaires, li'it when a monetary crisis
ivertakcs them, tlioy are swept olF into bonk
uptey by the hundreds.
- ~ ?- - "
THE EXCITING NEWS FRON MEXICO.
The dispatches from Now Orleans show that
he intervention of the United States in the
ivil wars of Mejfieo. so long deemed iucTitable
ias at length become a fixed fact
It appears that General Miramon coramenod
active opperations on the city ofVeraCru*. 1
in the 5th ; that on the evening of the 7th an
ittaek was mode, in force : tlmt. tliia
ras repulsed by the Liberals ; thai the steumrs
Gen. Mirnmon and Marquez, in the service
if the Church pnrt3-, wore captured by the
Juited States navy forces, and have arrived
it New Orleans, ns American prizes, iu charge
if Lieut. Minor. 1
Vera Cruz ranks as the fourth port the Mcxenn
Confederation ; AcapuIco.Mszatlan, and
ian Bias, surpassing it in commercial imports ne.
Its castle which completely commands it
vas taken by the French, in 1826. It was next
ombarded and taken by the United States
orcea under command of General Scott, in 184,7.
Its population in 185-1 was liitlc over 8,100,
having dwindled to that point within a
[natter of a century from 20,000 principally
iir by the more healthy and rising town of
Pampico, 215 miles north-north west of Vera
>uz, on the lake of thosime name.
Miramon, it appears, approached Vera Cruz (
>n tlio 29th ult with 5,000 inen and a nuincrius
train of artillery and ammunition stores
md encamped four miles from the city. Ilia
leadquartt-rs were nt Medclin. Mirnnion had
urveyed the city several times from i?nud
tills. Ilis principal generals are Jlohles and
*?egrctc. AH the inhabitants fled lit his ap>ronch.
The city was in the best state of deenea,
The gnrrizon numbered from 3,000 to
1,000 men, and was well supplied in every res- ,
leet General Tglespa 1 wan in command, with 1
\nipudia ns chief of the nrliliery force. Col
Lane,an Englishman, commanded the new Band ,
'ort reccntlv erected near the citv. moutini*
lixty eight four-pounders.
On the the 10th, Colouel Rivaldo, who comimndcl
oi)9 of the principal forts ou the
loiillicrn sid*, wan detected in a conspiracy to
j!ow up the fort on Mirainon's approach, and
.tie latter was to enter the city on that side,
rhirtyof the conspirators were banished from
Lhecity, and Colonel Uivaldo was condemned
'.o four years imprisonment.
Marini's Havana expedition had raisecMEhe
Mexican flag when out of the Havana harbor.
As far ae was known, the plan was to lnad on
Lhc const at or near M delia river, and thence
communicate with Miramon. The steamers
liod on-board a largo quantity of ammunition
Mid stores, and twelve twenty-four pounders.
3e veral other vessels had sailed from Havana
3n the same mission. A well laden echooncr
wasltnown to have sailed on the ltfth. A batLery
had been planted at the north of the
Mcdelin river, and six or seven Bchooners rigged
as gunboats, mounting sixty-four pounders,
were, were stationed along th coast to intercept
this expedition, which was however rendered
impeceaaary by the action of the TJ. S. naval
Affair* o.v tiie Texan Border?Forces Gathering.?Gen.
Houst on is actively engaged in
raising minute men in each country; who are
traveling night and day to the point of concentration.
Houston is at San Antonio, acting
in concert with Col. Lee's operations on the
Iiio. Grande. Lee will leave on tho 5tn for
nctive duty. Five hundred Ilangers are in the
field. The Indians are murdering, plundering
and burning.
From Montevideo.?are to the 31st of Janua^At
Montevideo considerable excitement prevailed
in consequenccfpf France and England
instating on .payment of their debt*, and fears '
were entertained of th|(fcetAn bouse revenue
beifig embargoed. Produce, hftJeB, tallow and
woolwere rnling high, with a slight downward
tendency on the former. Exchange had
deolwad a little; cattle killing in full force.
1 post mios.
The following changes in the names of Post
Offices has been ordered by the Department:
Wallace's Factory, Spartanburg District,
South Carolina, to Cedar HflL >'
Cedar Springs Asylum, Spartanburg Distriot,
South Carolina, to Cedar Springs
(
THE NEW SYSTEM OF TAXING MERCHANTS'
SALES IN VIRGINIA.
The new system of taxation on licenses ii
Virginia, initiated by Mr. Harbour, is etnbra
ccd in two bills which have passed the Housr
of Delegates. The first is a bill 'making rcgu
[alions concerning licenses. The second i
the tax bill. The first requires the Commi
tioner of the Revenue, in fixing the amount o
taxable Rales of merchants, to deduct the sale
>f all goods imported direct into tho Statu lr
seller, or bought fur the inuanfacturer in tli
state, or from any licensed merchants in th
State. Thus all goods, exports from foreig
countries and home manufactures, will betaxe<
in the hands of tho first licensed merchan
who sells them, and taxed ftP more, This bill
axecutes the principle of non-intercourse, wa
passed b}1 aunaiiimous vote, and is not object
sd to in ary quarter.
The lax bill directs tho tax to be levied 01
the sales ascertained in the mode prescribe)]
by the bill making regulations concerning li
[senses. it reforms and equalizes the tax on mo
shants, This equalization it> just and right
whether the license law be 011 the non-i?t?i
eourse principle or not. The old mode of taxn
Lion now about to be abolished levies a clas
[fixation on merchnnta. All who sell ttnde
SI,nfio per annmn pay not less lhal 2 per cenl
All who sell under ?1,000 pay 1. C per cenl
(Ml who sell und jr $2,r>00 pay 1 2 per cenl
All who sell under ?7, GOOpny 1 per cenl
All who sell under ?16,000 pay CI per c<mi
and so on, decreasing the tax as (lie busine.<
increases, until those a|io sell more than ?50,
")00 only pay 1 10 of 1 per cent, on their ex
jess over f.jo.OoO, This is obvious and gio
injustice. The new tax bill proposes to abolis
Lhis class taxation, and to substitute one uni
mini rmc 01 taxation on nil mcrelir.nl?, gren
iii<1 small. Throe hundred and thirty thou
sand dollars of revenue are now raised l>y th
lax on merchants' licences. The new bill aim
Lo raise the panic: amount from this source?Jul
it seeks to equalize it among the merchant:
nid make each one pny in proportion to hi
business. All nations las their merchants b
? uniform rate. Virginia, heretofore, lias a-:
spted the strange policy of inverting the true
urder of justice, and increasing the rate of ta>
[?ti"ii ns the bushier-* of the nierehant decrease
until, at the two extremes, we find the large.'
dealers paying 1-10 per cent., and the sinullc!
dealers irom i to 4 per cent.? IIW//. star.
?? ? -
Tnt: Tuvth of tiie Cask.?A (leorgii.n i
contributing through the New York Journal c
Commerce, a scries of letters to an 'honest A1
abolitionist.' We hope the letters may reac
the party addressed, as thev will ?!? i'mul.
Br refnlly read and studied l>v these who nee
ition concerning the relation of uiusU
laborer tit the South.?C'lmrlcslon (,'ouriri
t the worst of it is, the- letters do in
... h those for whom they arc designed. So
r-ral Democratic papers have published the lei
ten>, ?>r extracts from them, but not a singl
Ki'puhlicati paper has ventured to Bprcml tli
truth before its readers. Were such convincin
facts to be lirouglit'"directly before the nutic
of the people, a great change in public 8?-nt
riient re. peeling slavery would undoubtedly I
produced.
-o
Oi.orious News fiiom Mkxi?o.?The new
from Mexico (says the Washington States an
Union) cannot he otherwise than gratifying t
every true American heart. The course of 01
sijuadron in taking the piratical vessels of tl
murderer find bandit; Mil anion, whose bruti
slaughter of American citizens nnd confiscntiu
of their property, made the blood fairly curd!
in our veins, cannot fail to meet with the d
cided approval of every true patriot. The no
that the Liberal.* had surrounded the city <
Mexico is, indeed, cheering; and the hope
that the rule of the bloody usurper and butel
er is about to end.
0 kaftino?New Fiikstii Mode.?Cut, tl
gratia at the usual pepriod?save them for ft
ture use, nnd when time and leisure come, tnk
a Fubject?any tree, any bark?cut out a 1>
of bark with a little of The wood, with a knil
as keen as a razor ; then cut the bud as possibl
of the enme size with a bit of the wood ; fit tl'
bud to the stalk, nnd tie it lightIv over wit
wool or yarn (on account of its elasticity), n|
|>ly nil over it, with a pmall bush collodioi
N.is immediately forms nn elastic skin over tli
whole, and perfectly excludes the air, whiel
by nil other modes of grafting, is not f erfrctl
excluded. This is the v boh sccvct. We thin
it would lie hest to Cut out of the subject a liu
and fit the hud to that spot exactly.?Ex.
The IIomesteai> liti.i..?The euhstancc oftli
Homestead bill is that any person who is tli
head of a family or twenty-one years or moi
of nge may enter one quarter-section of lan<
subject to pre-emption, and nt the cxpiratio
of fivo years, if then a citizen, shall be cut
tied to a patent on pa}-ment of $10. It is
remarkable faot that every member who vote
against the bill represent* constituencies sout
of Mason ati<l Dixon's line, except Mr. Mon
gomery of Pennsylvania, and the only ma
who voted for it south of that line was M
Craig of Missouri.
e3stia?.~ ^
MARRIED, On the 22(1 February, 18C0, i
the Presbyterian Church, Canader., Ala., by tli
Rev. G. W. Botrgs. Rev. JAMES A. WALKE
Lo Misss JANE BOCiOS, daughter of Josep
Bogga, all formerly of South Carolinn.
COTvTSIGIvjfel^.
J J Cunningham, J Brownlec, Ii. M. Lntt
m<-r, .1 I) Chalmers. J <& N ICnox, J T, Pcttigrui
[>J Jordan, A Jordan, Mr Cobb, W A Allei
\ Hunter. John C. Spears, P. S. Rutledgo, J
Cothran, W T Drennan. 1) Clary, J II Wid<
man, J l'errin, II 11 Wnrdlaw, Roht Mars, (
r Haskell, Mrs E Bnily, Tnggart ?fc McCaslai
Itobt White, D Robinson, C II McIvee.J Ramej
Jns Caldwell, It II Marshall, J Y Porelier, Mi
K. Tillman, I) Kerr, TliosThomson, J W Crav
ford, S McGowan, J M Blease, J McBrydi
Clark ii Dnpree, E J Taylor, D Mel.auchlii
u ia n uruinw, a j', wcjsriini, WicklitF <fc Am
strong, CoTvnn A Britt,. Moore ?fc Q, D M tL S j
Winatock, Jackson <fc W.
D. It. SONDLEY. Agent.
THE GREAT ENGLISH REEMD'
SIR JAMES CLARKE'S
Celebrated Female I'ills.
PROTECTED LETTER5
BY ROYAL TATENT,
This invaluable medicine is uufailing in tl
cure of all those painful and dangerous di
eases incident to the female constitution.
It moderates all excesses and removes all ol
atructions, from whatever cause, and a speed
euro mAy be relieil-on. .<>
TO nAihllED LAIM
it is peculiarly suited. It will, in a rtiort tin
bring on tbe monthly period -with regularit
CAUTION.
These Pills should not be taken by femal<
that are pregnant, during the first throe montli
as they are sure to bring on Miscarriage ; bi
at every other time, and in every other cai
they are perfectly safe.
In all cases of Nervous and Spinal Affectioi
Pain in the Back and Limbs, Heavineu, Fi
tigue on slight exertion, Palpitation of tl
Heart, Lownesa of SpiriU, Hysterics,. W<
Headache, Whites and all the painful diseaa
occasioned by a disordered system, these Pi]
?:n .nr..* - ... ? -?? - ? *
cucuk i> cur? wneu ail oilier UlCSDS IIa1
failed.
Full direBtions in the pamphlet around oa<
package, which ahouldj^e carefully preserve
A bottle containing 60 pilla, and encircli
with the GovernraenlStamp of Oreat Britai
can be aent poat free forfl and.6 poataj
atampa.
General agent for United Statei? Job Mom
Rochester N. Y.
' Sold in Abbeville by Donald McLanchlh
Colombia, Fleher A Hefftuh ; Haviland, St
TCDion A Co., Charleeton, Wholeaalo agei
COMMERCIAL.
( Coi.VMiiiA, March 27, 1800.
The aales f?r the past two <lnya amount to
100 bales. Extremes 5 to 10J.
Avgl'Sta, March 20, 180o.
The market was quiet aiul unchanged to day
s with sales of 30U bale*.
* Anr.KViLi.i3, March 29. 1800.
Very littlo offering. Wo quoto extrcttes
s 7J to lu&.
: PALMETTO
i) |
IRON WORKS
[ COLUMBIA, S. Cr
:o:
,
WILLIAM GLAZE. PI:opp.,CTOR.
CiKOKUIi A. HlilKUJS, KoitKMAN.
3
r :0:
MANUFACTURES STEAM ENGINES of
nny power desired, for Mills and I'lantation
pin poser-, at short notice, having at all
1 limes on liand some finished, or in a forward
s stale. In connection with our Mill and Engine
>* Work, wo have Heciired the services of Mr.
John Ckahtukn, who is one of the best Mills
wrights in Ihe South, to superintend the put''
ting "P "f Mills and K.ngities.
I BRASS AND IRON CASTINGS.
All descriptions of 1 truss and Iron Castings
e executed in the very best manner, and at short
a notice, ns wc oast every day in the week. Our
it stock of patterns is very lurgc, having recent?,
ly purchased all those formerly owned by G.
s W. Right, which being added to those made
y at my establishment for the past five vears.
I | makes tlio assortment more fuil than any other
> like establishment. in the. State.
IEi ULAR SAWS.
'ft
I T nm ncciit for It. Hoe cfc Co.'s celebrated
^ Circular Saws, ami also for a manufacture of
the panic article in Uiehmonil. Va. A full sun.
|>ly of these Saws, of all sizes, always on liaml.
l'crious wishing tlic-in will do w<?ll to call on
id inc, ns I make nu cliurgc for filling than lo the
>f mandrels.
>- Old Saws Kc-Toofhcd.
jj- I have a fStirnming Machine on hand, an<l
(j am prepared to re tooth old saws, making
p them ns good as new.
J:J vOisr J i ATTjTjsrci.
' 1 would call attention to this hraix-h of our
hu.sine.-s, having a great variety of patterns,
lor public ami private grounds, Cem< terie-, ?tc.,
u and will keep on hand, and enst any style
u wanted, at prices us low as the same can lie
- bought at the North.
Z WB11E fit A15,B ?.
"J I am ."ll'ent for o'io of 111 u"m
inp ('om|mnies nt the North, ninl will furnish
Window Guards, (inlluries, Verandas, Beilrs
sK-n<ls, or nny other description of Wire Works,
<] al the liook prices of the iiianufac' which
.> can be seen nt my oflieo.
J'WIWS.
I have always on hnnri, and*'am steadily
manufacturing all descriptions of PLOWS,
J" with many other things in the agricultural
lino, and will, in a short time commence the
manufacture of nil kinds of agricultural imwf
pleiuents. All I nsk is for the l'lanti-rs of the
? South encourage this enterprise by their pal?
tronage. Call nnd judge for yourselves.
Wu;;?ii and Carriitjjc Kpokcft.
In connection with the KstahlMimcnt, we
ip are manufacturing Wagon and Carriage
j. Spokes of the very host material, and \> ill sell
p 20 per cent, lower than the sutne Spoke can be
it bought at the North.
[? toKi\ itaar.Ls.
I am Agent for one of the host Portable
Mills now in use, and can furnish an}- size wanted.
Persons wishmi? those Mill* n?-??
'' I to call nl tin* Works and witness I lie operation
16 I OI""' ""vv us<>' ^'10 whioh is
the very liest is procured from Edgefield, S. n.,
' and thoJMillsarehuili complete at out Es ablishj.
nient.
d To those who have given me flroii- p itronnge
for the length of tittle 1 have been engaged in
this business, 1 teuiler my warmest thanks, and
ic solicit a continuance of the same, mid to those
ifc- jtvho have rot yet done to, I respectfully ask
" their favor ami (support, as neither pains nor
expense will be spared on my part in contribute
ting promotion of home manufactures, of everyj
i- article within my Bphcre of action. All that*
a is necessary to success in these enterprises is
J the favor?nd support of the people of the
b South.
t- March,80,12m],,, WILLIAM GLAZE,
r! THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA
_ Abbeville District.? Citation.
By WILLIAM HILL, Esq., Ordinary of \lM
villo District.
" \SM7-IIEREA.S, B. P. Hughes, l.ns applied
WW lo me for Letters of Adniintittulioii, of
], all and singular [lie goods and chattels, rights
and credits of John Hughes, late of the dis?
triot aforesaid deceased.
~ TlieBe are therefore, to cite and admonish all
_ and singular, the kindred and creditors o.f the
i- said d?censed, to lie and appear before nie, at
s, Air next Ordinary's C'ourl for the said District,
i,, to be liolden at Abbeville Court House, on the
S seventh day of April next, to show cause, if any
>- why the said administration should not bo
1 granted.
i, Given under hand and seal, this the twen
;, j*. ty third ??f TWircii, one thousand eight hun s
dred nnd sixty, and in the 84th year of Amerir
can Independence.
e, WILLIAM IlILL, O. A. D
l, Ordinary's Office, )
i- March *23, I860 \ 40 2t
SALES FOR APRIL.
- Sheriff's Sale.
tr
BY virtue of sundry Writs of Fieri Facina
to me directed, I will cell at Abbeville
Court House, on the first Monday in AI'HIL
next, within t: j legal hours of aule, the follow5
ing property, to wit:
1 IT 1 T -J. _ if-- TTMt ?
i nuusc mm j.ul hi iiio tillage 01 urccn?
wood, as (lie properly of T. C. Crews, ads. the
Commercial Bank of Columbia.
8- v\JOS. T. MOORE, s.a.d.
Sheriff's* Office, March 12, 18C0.
FURNITURE.
THE Subscriber begs leave to inform his
16 Yrtftfrienda and the public generally that he
y IY'haslocated at
ABBEVILLE O. H., S. C.,
? Next Door to the Marble Yard,^ +
l8> Where he will keep constantly on hand on osut
sortmeut of
3D Jb'asMonable Fumitun*
ALS?.
w JOBS MADE TO ORDER.
ie Repairing Done at Short Notice.
. -AH of which can be had on accommodating
sk terms. *
, WM. R. BUCHANAN,
lis March 2ft, I860, 8m
T* ^Professional Card.
I DR*D. S."BENSON
n, \7tTOTJLD respectfully informs the citizens of
?e Tt Abbeville Village and vicinity, that
he has removed his resraenee to the dwelling
jo adjoining the Episcopal Parsonage, where he
expccts lo M permanently located io the practice
of his Profession. Hks Office "will be at
1' the Drugstore of Mr. D. moLauchlih, where
e- he will generally be found faring the day;
nt Abbeville, & C., Mar. 80th, 1859,84, 8m
a
GRAVES, ROBERTSON
Have Received Their
SPRING STOCK,
EMBBACINQ
ElEHY NOVELTY OF THE ffiUMI
I IN"
DRESS GOODS,
Silk, Lacc and Borage
Tiff 1 HTFTITT Tin
MIMAS,
SHAWLS,
mmmmm
cfcc. tfcc.
Purchasers will Find the Best
I
Assorted Stock of
8S&S&S
nsr
FANCY
DRY GOODS
| Ever Brought to this Market, at
j\o. i, uraaite Kange,
ABBEVILLE, S. C,
March :J0, 1SC0, tf
lilR & LYTIIGOE,
In White's Block No. 2,
ABBEVILLE O.
WE AUE now in our New Store, with nliiiosl
mi entire NH\\r STOCKof(?ooils
nil of which have liren bought in Cliui'lcstun
8. C.
| v. i! nave selected our goods with great earCf
u:i?l far cheapness, pretty style*, anil great variety
we tliiuk cannot Ijc surpassed iu any village
iu the dp-country. We Love n grrat variety
of
B1WMB
DRESS GOODS,
s uc il AS
RICH FIGURED AXD BLACK SILKS,
SILKS TISSUES. B Kit AGES,
FRENCH J A COX UTS,
ORG Ay DIE
AND
MUSLINS,
' ^^^UnKD liRILL1A WEES,
And a great many oilier kinds of Drcsa Goods
encli ns
MINTS, CAMBRIC, GI AG IIA MS,
MANTILLAS, FRENCH LACE
POINTS, SUA WLS, Ac. Ac.
WHITE GOODS, EMBROIDERIES.
CORSETS,
<tc.
A Fine Stock of
HOSIERY, -GLOVES,
XS O 3E3 ffliS 9 miKz. GZ2 m
Also, tlic prettiest and largest stock of
BOSKETS. Rinil?\S.
jir
Flowers, ctoo.
Also, the lnr^cst stock of
Crockery
That has ever been brought to this market.
A. Largo Stools, of
Gents' HATS of every Variety.
.A. FINE BTQCK OF
READY-MADE
^ 4
uioimiig^
.
Hardware, Cutlery, &e.
. '* ?
Come over, oH~frlenA and pdtrons, and give
us a trial. All we want is plenty of good customers,
and we will makelhe Goods and Prices
to suit you.
+ WIER A LYTHGOE.
March 21; 1860 48 8m.
Agricultural Notice
THE Life Mejnbers of the Distriet Agricultural
Soniel^andt he friends of agrictil- %
turai improvement,.areinvited|to attend a meet
ing of the District 4griQul?3fral Society on Sale
Day in i?prH ritat. ** Y -,v '
A punctual attendance ia reqneated aa there
will be baaineaa of importance to. tranJa<A?
By order of the Preaiderit.
W. a DAVK.aae'y.
March 21, 1860 48 Si