Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ui v/oni;rc8H ana iricnd of Mr. Webster, from | Miissm-husettti, used Ibis language, ill a letter dated 4th August., 184H: "It must be understood that the free States will neither consent nor submit to the annexation of Texas to this Union. Such annexation would result in its dissolution. In fact, it would bo nil absolution from tbo boud* und obligations of the Constitution.'* At the close of the 2Cth Congress, thirteen ! influential members, among whom were the j Hon. J. Q. Adams, N. 11. Calhouu, Gov. Slade, | Mr. Morgan, of New York, and Mr. Howard, , of Michigan, all united in a manifesto in oppo- j eitiou to Texas annexation, in which they used 1 the following language: "We hesitate not to J fay that annexation effected by any act or i proeeodings of the Federal Government or any 1 of its departments. would be idi-ntiral with a ' dissolution. It would be a violation of our ! natural compact, its objects, designs and I lie ! preat elementary principles which entered into i its forinntinn, of n character so deep nud futida- j mental, ami wonlil he nn attempt to intermix i fin inc>titill imi (slavery) ami a power, of a na- ' tine po unjust'in themselves, so injurious to! the interests and abhorrent to the fe?slin?pi of j the people of tlie five States, as in our opinion i not only ' <> inevitably n-ull. in a dissolution of j the Union, hut fn!ly to justify it." In a great i find studied address, delivered l?y Hon. ,|. Q. j Adams to the young men of Boston, reported ' in the National Intelligencer, 12th October, ! 1S4I, he used these striking and significant] Words: "Yntinir men of Huston, your trial i? j iipproacliinc??lie spirit, of freedom and the j spirit ?.f slavery lira <1 rawing together for the | deadly conflict arm*. The aiiucxiit ion oT ' Texfis to tlii.s I'nion is the blast of the trumpet ; lor a foreign, civil, servile and Indian war. of . which the government of your country, fallen i into faitlilcd6 hand*. have alrcadv i.urion > the signal ; Hi*I by a shninule** treaty, rejected l>y a virtuous Senate. and again by the ulove ?>f delinncc, hurled by the apostle of mil- : liticntion at the avowed policy of tin; liiitisli empire, peacefully to promote the extinction j of dlavory throughout tin- world, ?fce." Sir. Webster. while Secretary of Slate, made ' a speech at Hiitl'alo, much referred to at the i time, in which in-said: "I never would eon-J sent that there should be one foot of slave territory beyond what the old thirteen States had at the time of the formation of their Union." In the same speech. he further fays as to the annexation of Texas: "I sought an oeeasion to : proclaim my utter aversion to any such meas- j lire, ami 1 determined to resist it with nil mv 1 strength t<? the 1 iit-t. 1 will not now or here- j after consent to \u- numbered nmonjr those who 1 introduced new slave power into tin; Union." j lint it is useless to (jtiole more. I know it is 1 commonly believed that I ho New ftiifrliiiid and j Northern people have always been loynl ami j Union loving. And this is eminently true as t to far tho^reai.-r pnrt of tliein. lint there has | always liXn a party amongst them, in reality, j deeply lio^le to the Federal Union. They | wnnted a strong ( vernnient, approaching the j forms of the British (Joveninient, in the Con- j Yviiiion uiiu proj>ose?t the present Constitution for the adoption of the separate and independ ent States of the Confederacy. Ttiia was manifested in that Con vent ion by their proposition i of a Senate for life, ami that the President of j the United States shmild appoint tilt Govern- I orsof the different States, <fcc. ]t waft the saute feeling* that prompted them i 1o desire- a htmngoi* Government, in the ndnp- j tion of the alien mid sedition luwa. nnd mnni- j fected it.eelf in hy strong and decided . sympathy for the stable and hereditary inMitu- : tions of Grent IJritain, as eontra-dist inguished j , > >!> ? ui iml- rrench, which aooined | toluol;, nl 1 lint. period, to more enlarged and ; popular liberty. The same feelings were rx- ! bibiled hi their deep hostility to the acipiisi- j tion uf Louisiana, nml thou broke forth under | the embargo of .letferson, nml became openly i treasonable during the wnr of 1812 with Great j Jiril jiin. as the records of the Uarlf?rd Conven- ' lion prove beyond the possibility of denial. It ! again showed it-self when we acquired Florida in lSl'J, and Texas in 1844. And airain it ap- I jicared in opposition to that brilliant war with I Mexico, through whose triumphs the star of empire flashed its li^ht over the distant Pacific. They have ever been opposed to the progress and power of the Confederacy. Many ore under a great delusion in supposii.c that it is from the South only that complaints hove been made against the Union, and violent threats fulminated. There has been fur more violence and hostility manifested by a portion of the Northern initn wns cvi-r exhibited in the South. Until 1S30. it wns the South Hint strengthened the Union and bore if. successfully through nil its strueeles nnd conflicts against domestic nnd foreign foes, with n disinterested devotion nnd lovnlty unparalleled in the history of any peopfe having such diversified loenl governments and interests, licsides this general hostility to the strengthening nnd progress of the Federal Union by n pnrlv in the Northern Stntes, the pages of history show, for years ever since the 'Missouri Compromise,' u systematic consent of action, by n large and dogmatical party, to defeat every measure that might strengthen the Southern Stated or secure their permanent j peace nnd snfetvin the nnnffil-i-noi- ii tlier shows that tlioy were thoroughly under- : stood by tile British Government, nnd that this fanatical Northern party acted under the instigations of British policy, nnJ that the public ruen of Grent Britain made their calculations upon it, in all their movements. The weakening of our power by the dissolution of the Union, was their political object, and they Msed n portion of a base and malignant party in the United States as their tools nnd instruments. History, in after-times, will bo record ; it. These circumstances, which I have briefly | brought together, arc necessurv to illiiiii-o?? I tlie deep importance of Texas annexation, involving ns it. dill a (M>licy of profound interest, which whs. nt the time, the centre principle upon which the whole Demorrrtic party revolved. And yet Mr. Benton has, to a great extent, suppressed it, and made uravo move- ( ments rest npon fiir inferior considerations. Where he ha* treated of this question, it is only to present the views of a partisan opponent, j who went off with a faction of tM? Democratic^^ party under the leud of Mr. Van Previous to the meeting of* tlie B*rcim<Jyp*F Convention, in 1844, to nmninate President aikli '' Vice-President.'Mr. Clny and Mr. Van Bnrfl^f liotll wrote Iflt.'l-a n.mi.iJl " ? VIIC iiuiit'&tiiion qwy Texa*. They were, at that time, considere/FT' the respective leaders of the Whig and Damo- 1 cratic partjes>. Hie ean*as?, as to who should tte the pelected candidates of the two parties, 1 had settled down pretty tnuch to them. It vfas a uroat point to l>e gained, to con^hMte 1 tMr.t ultra portion of the Northern people who were airaiimt the annexation of'fexiia, and Mr. ] Clay wrote his letter against it, endeavoring to ink the it-Biic, as fnr as the Whig party might he concerned. This letter was. I think, wri? ten from lluleigh, North Carolina, while Mr. 1 Clay was there ; ami Mr. Van Buren wrote a 1 similar letter from Alhanv. New York Tk?? were sent to Washington, nod both letters ap- 1 penred tlie same day in the National Intelll- 1 gencer; or. if not prccinehj tlie name day, one appeared the day after the other. The coinoin* ence was so striking, and the circumstances so peculiar, that all sagacious in^n instantly coheluded tiiat the letters were written by.eofteert, and under a full understanding between the ]ea<lers of the two great parties ; and 4liat tftey were determined to sink that i*aue in the election, and fall back simply upon the old issues of 1840. Mr. Clay sustained himself by kis heroic will and transcendent talent, as head ef bis part}-, find was nominated and then ' prostrated by the isiiue. . Mr. Van Bnren nntiM 1 not make his party follow, an<ffliey nominated another upon that j?ue, thus saving the 1 Democratic party. Thii>. in my option, is the 1 true political history of that day, and it i* a 1 gr??t mistake to snppoee that it Wuped upon 1 weti, or was at all effected by intrigues. It j was the ground swell of * mighty people, re- J solved to work out their two destiny by ex- ' tending their powiir. end protection to a kin- ' dre?T people, identified with them by all the 1 ties that oan bind man to hie fellowman. It 1 rose above rnea and defied the shackles of 1 leaders; and this truth no man was in abetter position to realise, ia all its overwhelming I power, (ban Col Benton himself! Ite progress i and history famished hi* opponents with I messy blocks of granite, from which to eon- I strict bis political toansoTenta, and tto marblo ? haft raised thereon, at (hi* period, no matter t bow poliehed or wbat- Corinthian capital may t adorn it, can eyer divert the public gaze from v the male rial and real strnotare beneath. And <3 when he supposes that the "condition" upon a which 8onth Carolina was to vote for Mr. Polk, i ha^sAiVi i artlMfraSa^Mwitin i t turned upon a contemptible intrigue to disinius 1 Mes-trs. Iilair ami Rives as government organs < nnd substitute another organ less hostile to'Mr. Calhoun, and tluit tliis was llie main object of 1 my visit to Mr. i'olk, in August, 1841, ho never I whs under n greater Italliieination ; and it only shows that his mind was deeply tainted l>y the prejudices of small uteii, who only saw a very small part of the contest. There were grave , jucslionu intimately identified with the futuro progress and power of the Republie and these men, an wei! as others, were but the feather and the cork upon the surface of the mighty current. No man understood these issues nt the time, more thoroughly thau Gen. .Jackson himself, for in ii full interview with him, about 2<?iii august, I S I I, lie showed himself, although ! feeble willi disease, profoundly master of all ' points, 11 ii 1 in which lio spoke freely of Mr. I Benton's course iu unmeasured terms, and deeply regretted Sir. Van Bnron's. By nn ae- ( cident, I did not reaeli Nadiville <juite soon | enough for the proceedings of the great eon volition, luit I think there were two sets of representatives at it. from Missouri, one from the I friends of Col. Benton, called the "llards," and , , one from the other portion of the Democratic : party called the "Soils." And if I mistake not, j lien. Jackson sent a special message to Col. j 1 Benton by a Judge, who was a member of the i 1 Convention, ami particular friend of Col. Bon- f ion. My friend. Judge Carton, of the Supreme ! ( Court, may recollect, the particulars, for he j went with me the day I spent at the Hermit- ! ' a^e. I mention this merely to show that every j i pej-son then took the deepest interest iu the exciting issues In-fore the country, and felt great concern for the future. And if we had not succeeded, where now would the Republic ! inivc u?'i>n i mrowu hack a null (iMitnry in its ! 1 power ami ascendancy over great ami mighty events which are working out the elevation and benefit. of iniuikiiiil. No man whose heart heats with pride for his country, can hclpgfcel- < ing a glow of exultation as he contemplates ! i the gigantic Ma-idcs our confederacy of free Republics has tnn-le towardauiowcr and empire | amongst the nations of.!tlie^.ehrth, since f.he \ s great outlines of policy were inaugurated in I J the canvass and election* which brought Mr. j 1'olk into power. I would have but. poor con- j sideratioti for myself, if I eould have"confined ; the object of tny visit in 184-1, to the small and ' , narrow views, which Mr. Benton's book makes i | the on'y ' condition" in South Carolina voting ! for him. True, an organ for the admitiis- ' ? t i nt ion was spoken of, but it w:i3 only inci I ?. dental to the other great questions. We knew ! f and felt that Messrs. Blair and Hives eould ! not be continued, because they had adhered to Mr. Van I> 11 ron in his opposition lo the annex- \ ation of Texas, and upon this very point he | ha<l been overthrown by the party at the Bal- ! liuiorc Convention nn.l <>r ; have been suicidal and weak in the last degree I j to have chosen nil organ that Waa opposed to ; the administration on the most vital part of its | policy, a part, upon which all other points | ' turned. No man was suggested na nti organ at j t nil. It was only understood that Home one ' [ sound oil the ainicxalioii ipicstion and the tariff ( . was to be selected. 1 made 110 secret of this. I In fact, 1 afterwards wrote or informed Mr. ; * Uweaof it, ami that he mid Mr. Hlair wore ! obliged to he overthrown. It. was essential to 1 the great policy of the administration, most. | particularly so, when their identity nnd inli- j ( mate connection with Col Hcnton was known. I 3 ntid when it wns felt by nil that he was the ! . Ajax Telamon of opposition t.o Texas. Aa to 1 lie $30,000, Col. Heiiton speaks of, ; ( (page (153.) being used by Mr. Cameron, of j 1 l'ennsylvania, in the purchase for Mr. Ritchie, j j and afterward* by lion. It. J. Walker, when j Secretary of the Treasury. I know nothing : 1 whatevei of it, never having henrd of it until j I rend it in his book. True, it was admitted to j be important that Mr. Tyler should be with-j drawn as a candidate, for his running would ; 1 divert, many votes, particularly in Virginia nnd 1 , elsewhere, and might produce great confusion ! and endanger the result very much. It was | calculated that we could carry the election, j i even if we lost Tennessee, but Mr. Tyler run- \ tiing might endanger all. | \ The only oilier point of the slightest conse quence mentioned, was in rein Linn ?n tl,? t movements then recently made in South Curo- ; t liua, commonly cal'i-d "the BlufTton resolu- i lions." Koine excited persons, under patriotic t impulses, who hn<] felt deeply grieved I>y the wrouga of the Federal Government, had icdiieated that this Slate, at least, ought to organize for separate action and resistance, without locating events or co.'.cert of action. They c looked only at one que<u:on, the tariff, and did ? not consider the complication ?pf our position | at tluit peculiar juncture, and the other great j que.-tions made. It was important in other States that the friends of Mr. 1*01k should be I relieved from connection or identity with this f local and ultra move nt that period. With ( that view, 1 wrote (Jol. Elmore from Mr. Polk's, ^ that it was of great importance be should call . a meeting and introduce resolutions in Charles- J ion, repudiating what were culled the "bluff- ( ton Resolutions," nnd to indicate they were n not I he concerted moved tlie State. I Hunk lie did so. Now these are candidly nnd frankly nil subjects touched on or spoken of in that in- ^ terview which Col. Benton so mysteriously in traduces ns nn important point ill the political history of that period. Of course, I am fully aware tliot it was no part of his tthject to "0 do nny injustice to one so little known ns my?..ir i...? 1~ . - .?ui. uuiy to iiHC me ior the purpose of ma- 1 king it appear in history, l?y inference, tlmt 1 Mr. Calhoun wns capable of ft very small in- < tnguc against two editors, who lind occupied* | it very conspicuous position in the fWtizan conflicts of that day. and that lie wns willing ' to make .Suutli Carolina pluy the contemptible t pnrt of casting her vote for the important c i?flloe of President merely to gratify his per- ^ sonal vengeanee. At page 051, he says the '"South Carolina vote was disposable l>y Mie 8 politicians, and liaii lieen hahituallv disposed o [if l>V lllim \l- D-.ll. *' - j .... trm was ceriuii) oi llie VOWS i>f the State if lie agreed to the required conditions. and he did so." I do not know how Col. Benton obtained his in formation ns to whnJb^ras "agreed to." I only wrote to Col. Elnywb and to Mr. Culhouu from Mr. Polk ns to. the questions ami issues presented, and our e frtidcrstunding of them. j, .* But justice to Mr. Cnlhonn first., and then |j to*Mr. Polk, against whom, also." Mr. Benton is i rery severe in his stricture*, and in the infer- | ' puces, io oe drawn irom liit? statement of appa- | a Pent fact?, requires that. I ?hould make the j fl statement I liBve made.' I went there very re- ! ei liictantly, and only because, 1 wns urged to do I bo tinder the belief that it might bo of benefit j ' on imporlnnt point*, nnd I now disdain to have j 11 any 'diMListf about the matter. I never ad- tl dressec^pky convention or assembly in Ten- fj neases, until I bad a full interview writh Mr. . Polk first. As to tho entire lepgth Mr, CuI? ,n houn went at that time, on the Texas question, ' I do not deem it at all necessary to say any- tl thing further. IIi? celebrated letter, written rl ris Secretary of State, to Mr. King, our minister at Paris, as well as his taking tho House resolutions, tlie last night of Mr. Tyler's administration, Instead of Col. Benton s, which looked to negotiation if Mexico interposed N armed opposition, and the ending Mr. l>onaW hi son, the former intimate private Secretary of y. of General Jackson, immediately down to Tex- ? us wmi mesa resolutions, all illustrate hit 10 views fully at that peri<^. The. only point I desire to drAw attention1 to at present is, that tt there were much greater otuecu in view than merely to overthrow one Government organ, and build tip another, t well know that the , Government printing, connected with the 0or- ?? eroment organ baa often been made the pivot, 11 upon whion extensive party arrangements have w been made to tarn, and great party eomhinaLions have been entered fnto, but in (hit in- BI stance there were questions far above all this, q< tnd it k doing great injustice to the country to supprff* entirely the more important issues. g, But for those issues involving vital principle*, Mr. Clay nevar ctfiild have been defeated, for 01 it that partf#*Jar juncture he llad the most in- b? -ellectual and devoted party any man ever had, e) ind upon the old issues of 1840, Mr. Van Bo- -t en and th? Dampo ratio party had been nearly in miniated. . \ If, after reading Mr. Benton's boob, whieh 1,1 Totn its gwri,U8"%y woll as hU ova wide- ?1 pr?*d repatoU<Hil,M^a<Mtiued to be viewed as It lis hi*Wry, I wer# $6 remain silent, it might > taken in afu?r ll?n, as a fall statement of dl I had in view ?hd all I required, to coo- " rol the vote of Sota^kOftroHna fn a great eleo- lei ion iavolnog ffcyjfe&Mnlt* principle* wfeiak th rill ppodpee aproM^d impression upon the r festiny of tbe Rspo&tie. long after *0 hamMk person as I am Mill be entirely anknowa. u do this further, injustice to tbe memory of id two great mnn now dead, whose general principles upon all lending constitutional questions woto alike, and who were Btill more alike in the exemplary purity of their privnto character*. F. W. PICKENS. ?SV. Petersburg, April 12, 1859. THE INDEPENDENT PRESS. ABBEVILLE.S. C. W. A. LEE, EDITOlT Friday Morniner. Anemst. 2fi advertisements; Wo direct attention to the advertisement of '.lie well known Wronl Factory of Col. 1). O. Hawthorn, in (lie neighborhood of Due We?t. l'he ?naeh?ncry is verj* superior ornl mauufne;nros the wool into rolls iu tliu best possible nanner^ See nlso, the advertisement of the sale of a valuable family of negroes, on next Sole Dny ?y IIkmiy S. Kmmi ; the advertisements of Joiei'ii T. Moork, Assignee; Ilrcu Wilson; Dosit IIasou; Mrs. Catukri.vk M. Martin; ray <fc Hohhrtson ; Sheriff's Sales, Ordinary's Notices, <fce. CAMP MEETING Al Union Camp 'Urt^ud, near Dead Fall, in his l)inh ict, commend?? lo night, Thursday. just as^we exj5ected. The celelftated Balloon Aicension of Wist t Co., from St. Louis over Lnke Eriennd Onta io, we are now illformed turns-out to be n jreut hoax. \Vo never believed the story, nnd so Hinted n dozen times ?b our friends nre i ware. . * PERSONAL. Wo regret exceedingly to pee 1 lie doors of >ur friend II. S. Ki:r.it closed. Mr. lvKittt is n lusiuess man; he inaugurated the wholesale jrocery business in this place; is a liberal t.raler, and we regard the failure of such a man is a public calamity. We understand, howev r, that he hopes to pay out. " THE ANNUAL STATE FAIR. The Columbia Guardian urges upon the res dents ol that eity the necessity of ninkiim > roper airangcincnts fur Ihe accommodation of he visitors to the approaching Fair of the Vgricultural Society, anil suggests that whilst, he hotels and boarding houses can easily feed he crowd, there are citizens enough who would jc willing to afford two or three night's accommodation to the guests of the hotels. PERIODICALS. We have received the September number of lodey's Lady's Book, Arthur's Home Maga!ine, and The Ladies' American Magazine, riiey are the most popular monthlies of ihe lay, and present every variety of attractions, ilerary and personal. We are prepared to 'urniah them to our subscribers at reduced ales. DEATH OF ALBERT WALLER, ESQ. We regret to leurn of the death of Ai.iskrt iVai.i.eu, Esq., a well-known and highly reapeced citizen of our District, which occurred oti ast Sunday week, nt the residence of his sonn-law, Gen. Kit.ciiKASE.in Florida. "NVe liave not ;et heard the particulars of his death. Mr. kVAi.LF.fi was a gentleman of high character: a lublic-spirited citizen, and a successful plan er?discharging faithfully all the duties of ife. lie leaves many relatives and friends to leplorc his loss. THE GEAPE CROP. Accounts of the grape crop throughout the lountry are generally favorable, and indicate tn increased attention to this branch of culture. The vineyards of Ohio, which take the irst rank as regards their mode of culture and ,i-u>iiiini j- iui|>oriancc, cnieiiy through the oforts of Mr. Losgwortu and Mr. Buchanan, ire said to promise better than since 1853. [*he same is true, so for as we are enabled to udge, o'f tlio vines in North Carolina and Jeorgia, where the)' are rcceiviug increased ittention. In West Florida, too, the newepa>ers represent the grape as being cultivated trith the best eyCfcess for vinous purposes. WOJfclKTEBVENTION. According to Senator Badqkk : The principle T non-intervention;'-'recognized by the legis Qtion of I860, and incorporated in the Knnsas(chrnska act of 1854. was a distinct, unequiv >cai repudiation of tlie principles of the legisation of J820, (the Missouri Compromise.) that Jougrcss had power otid ought to exercise it, o exclude slavery from territories north of a crtain latitude, and impliedly admitting it on he other side. Congress was not to legislate lavery into or exclude it from any Territory r State. The non-intervention of the Kansas ebraska act means this and nothing more. LETTER 0?. tffiB HON. F. \V. PICKENS. We publish on our first and second page, lie elaborate letter of Col. Pickkns, our presi>t Minister to Russia, in relation to various nportant subjects connected with the political islory of this country, and which lately apeared in the Carolinian. It is designed to be vindication of the character of Mr. Caluou.*, tnd Mr. 1'olk from certain strictures contain1 in Col. Benton's "Thirty Years in the Unit 1 States Senate" in relation to the Annexion of Texas, and oth^r important measures of le day, nud affords a complete refutation^/ le charges of Col. Beaton's book. It is a very iteresting document, written in a dispassionte st}Tle, and showing great familiarity with le subjects discussed, it will well repay peual. THE NEXT CONGEEBS. The late elections in Kentucky, Tennessee, orth Carolina, Alabama, Texas and Oregon, ive resulted in a gain of nine members for te Opposition. The parties now stand as Hows: Opposition, 146?Democrats, 91? towing a majority for theOppMition of 63, if | te States yet to el?et are represrated as be&re, The Opposition consist of 106 Republicans, I Anti-Lecompton Democrats, 9 North Amerans, and 13 Sonth Ameriaaus. It requires 19 for majority of the House,-and hencc it ill be seen that no party will have a majority id that to secure it there must be * triple or ladrnple combination. *? IIM ail aioag own Manned that in any ' at the DemoermU would ha?n * majority ' tbe State Delegations, so that they would } able to elect their Preeidept ahould the ection be thrown into the Houae. (n aneh i election, each State Ma bnt one vote, ftnd e candidate must be drawn from the ttiMe gheat on the electoral vote. But theee late aotipae put a different oomplexion on tha mm. looks m if tbe Democrats were not aura of ore than fourteen or fifUen 6 la tea, whereas takes MvanUan for a majority. "This point ads additional interest and impartaaca to oloaely contested elections fa MiaaaaOta, ilifornra, and tl*ry]an<t Their Raprsaefc tivM may poeelbly decide who abftll be fretent in 1880. m ? ? THE TUNNEL HILL CELEBRATION?INCIDENTS OF THE TBIP. Wo liod Ihe plensure during tlio past week of attending the great Barbacue Dinner und Mass Meeting at Tunnel Ilill on the l'Jtli inst.? Leaving Abbeville on tho Tuopdny previous, we hud an njireeable run to Williamstuii by i . ; Railroad. On the train were many who hnd come up to attend the celebration nnd who availed themselves of the opportunity of paying a flying visit to the Springs. Upon tho arrival of tho train we were greeted with some delicious music from the Bund in the piazza of thelaige Hotel, wliere were also assembled a I large company of l.idiesaiid gentlemen, among whom we recognised ninny from Abbeville. ' We noon secured comfortable quarters, nnd passed nil agreeable afternoon. The House is | well kept nnd we were glad to learn has been I i liberally patronized during the present season, i During the past few weeks n large and pleasj ant compr.iiy from vnrious portions of the | State have been snjorrn ing here, nnd their prolonged stay is evidence of their appreciation of | the attractions of Ihc place. The libernlitv j and enterprise of the Hotel proprietors is wori of all prone, nnd they- have spared no pains to make \Y illiaiustou one of the most popular i watering places ut the South. i Leaving at about .*> o'clock the next morning, I and lironkf?*l irnf nt ~ 1?1 1 .g ^w.vvii, w*5 I l.-UVIIL"! i\I?(IPr; sr?n safely, and here t?>i>k tli? train on tlie Blue 1 Ridge Kailroud to Pend'eton. The distance is about 1:5 miles, and the l-oud is one of the finest j in the Union. Attached to a powerful locomi olive?the Juu. C. Cal/iotin. and which was embellished with a striking likeness of the great statesman?we speeded rapidly over the route?now over high embankments and through deep cuts, and obtaining mnnv picturesque views of the adjacent country. The I landscape at various points is very beautiful. | diversified with hill and dale, and presenliiiir I . ' 1 " the varied attractions of the mountain scctieIV. Pendleton is once tnoro a thriving Village, and exhibits various signs of improvement. A fine Masonic Hull has just been completed nnd various brick storeB are in the process 'of erection. jt wns oncc a favorite resort of visitors from the lower country, find the building of tlie Blue Ilidge linilrnad has once more ; given an impetus to its trade ami population. Upon our arrival we anticipated sonic difficulty in obtaining conveyances to Tunnel Hill distant about 21 miles, but we believe tlint all who camc obiaiucd scats in the various linos of hacks which were running. Tho price going nnd returning was ?5.00. W'c were fortunate to fake passage with a pleasant party of gentlemen whose agreeable conversation iiiadu the journey a delightful one. The road for the most part passes over a sandy ridge and and through the primeval forest*. It is almost equal to a turnpike and in superior to any of the same length, that we have seen in the upper country. Pnssing through' the Village of Walhalla, wo reauhed Tunnel Ilill, which is six miles beyond, about, dusk, and obtained very comfortable accommodations at Howi>kx'h Hotel during the remainder of our stay. ! The next day we devoted in part to the inj spection of the various works nt the Tunnel, j The Tunnel itself is a stupendous enterprise, j and will when completed, be a triumph of hit mill i-ucrgy nnu IMilll. It Will extend for more tlinu a mile through the solid granite, connected witli the surface l?y four shafts, the longest of which ia '260 feet in depth. Under tho lead of the enterprising contractor, Mr. Hitchcock, wo descended to the eastern entrance, and pealed upon a car proceeded to where the workmen were engoged. Passing the 1st shaft, wc were soon involved in pitchy darkness, when we were all .it once startled by the distant explosions which enveloped us in a cloud of gunpowder smoke. Soon we were in view of the lnmnn of tin* mnrl-mn- n:? ting through the eurroHiiding darkness presented quite a no vol and interesting sight. To use the words of the reporter of the Mcrdnry, the "laborers nil wear, fastened to the front of their caps, a small oil lninp, and oh they were engaged in drilling the flitting character of the flames nlluded to was explained. Two gangs of inen keep up const-ant labor at, the Tunnel, Sundnys excepted ; a night gang relieving the day gang at early evening.? With a full force of six hundred men, two hundred and fifry feet of the excavation can be driven in b month, the drilling being all performed by hand. When the ledge has been perforated with * dozen or twenty holos, the workmen retire to sidings cut for tho purpose in the mountains, The holes are then charged with powder and tamped, with a train tlic charge. TIio train is fired at a sufficient distance to allow th? fireman to escape to safe , quarters, and the rock explodes with a rever- i beration rivaling the crash of thunder or artillery. All the roportH having been counted J and noted ati equal in number to the trains laid, the workmen return and load the cars willi the ezplodeed rock, and then return to drilling again. This occurs several times in the course of an ordinary cU^y." Emerging from the Tanntt* and ascending tho steep side, of the mountain, we passed through tho Tillage on the summit, containing a population of about one thousand persons, mostly workmen ; and next visited Shafts nos. 2 and 8, upon which the work has been suspended, and Shaft no. 4, where a stationary engine is in operation, for elevating the water and rubbish. A portion of our party here made the descent which is not dangerous, but inflicted upon them a serious wetting. From this shaft the Tunnel bus been completed to the Western slope of the mountain. The Tunnel is about three-fourths completed. Three hundred laborers are now employed, and with a full force of double that number, the whole work can be finished in 12 months. Friday, the 19th inst., was the day of the Celebration, and at nn early hour the village presented quite an animated appearance. For several days previous, there has been constant arrivals of visitors from various sections of this State; from Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee ; and the hotels were filled to overflowing. The roads leading to the village were thronged with vehicles and pedestrians? flagfware waving in various directions, and 11 was bustle and confusion. At about 9 o'clock, the Governor and hi? auite, and tbe orator of. the day, Maj. B. F. Pkrhy, under tbe eioort of Judge Frost, the Preaident of the Road, viaitq? the work* at the Tuonel. At 11 o'clock,' tbe proeeaaion waa formed under the command of Col. D. A. LimiTHR, Martha! f the dtjv ?d nloved in the following order : 1. The Rioh.Und Rifle Band of Colombia. 2. Tbe Walbella Rifleman, Capt. Hjotokjcn? 40 rifles. 8. St. Patrick'a Temperanoe Society of Tannty' WW, 800 workmen-?Dr. J. J. Co***ia, Piyeident. '*>" ' Workmen on tbe Tunnel, bearing the Piokepe Diatriet Bonner Flag and o banqar i?|Wr)be^"Vt are doing oar part"?cnoiroling : the wflhtraaa's arm with o Putnamcr in o elenoh* ed hand. 6. Col. Andrew 1*. Camioux, of Fort Hill, Pendleton, President of the day, and Hon. Kdwaki* I'iiost, President of tho Blue ltidgc Railroad. 0. 11 is Kxcolleney, Wiu.iam II. Cist, Governor of llie State, and liin unite, Cols. Tiiomas Y. SIMONS, A. J*. DKAUIXO, Jam Kg I). CIST, JO- I SKIMI WAt.KK.lt, J.\MI.S C. ClllllKH. 7. lion. B. 1''. l'niutY, oralor of tlio day, and | Col. Wai.tkk Cwynn, Chief Engineer of the | Blue Ridge Railroad. 8. Members of the T-ecwlnim-" I ? I Hon. J.Foster Maksiiai.t., Abbeville; Hon. j. i 1). Ali f.i?, Barnwell ; H. C. S.w^ur, St. I'el era. j i Col. A. 1*. Alimiicii, Horn well; Guo. It. CiiKitnv, j 1 iion. K. Siiartk, Dr. uobt. maxwki.i., I'iekens. ! J. C. IIoi'k, Lexington ; Dr. J. H. Wauk, T.nii- ! | reus; .las. Farrow, Spartanburg ; W. \V. An-! j a mm, Kdgctield; 1$. C. I'ressi.ky, Williamsburg, ! i II. It. vammvui nnd j. It. Suanki.in, Anderson ; [ j Colonel J. Qr.vrri.Kiir.M. K?lge6cKl; It S. Den- i | vka, ks<i., Charleston ; Col. C. j. Craiu, liiu- \ i renn; Dr. .1. C. IIuockington, Williamsburg; j j Dr. 11. I*. By Kit, Darlington; \V. H. CAMrnr.i.i.. | i Greenville; Hon. Lewis O'Biivan, N. Bartiwi.- | | omew, 11. 11. 11 auri::t. .1. .1. Waki>i.a\v, Abbe- : | ville; C. 1'. To\v.s>i:sn, Marlboro; Ki.ias Yen? nin<i, Christ Clmreli; lion. s. j. Montgomery, j | Williamsburg. 9. The Press of South Carolina, represented j by the Pickens Courier, the Walballa Ihmnrr, | the Anderson ll'tzctlr, the Abbeville J'rms, the j Newberry Su>t, the Columbia South (Juroti iiiaii, the Camden Jjnrmil, the Darlinglioti ! /'*/?/;/, the Kings-tree St ir, the Georgetown 'lint'x, tlie l'hai lf-t<ui Cmrirr, and tli j In. Delegation from Georgia, headed by I .Itldge lil.AKK.LY. 11. Delegation from Xorlli Carolina, headed J by J. Sii-i.it, Ksq. 1 1U. Workmen from tlio Tunnel, Waring a J haulier representing n railroad train at lite ] mouth of the Tunnel ready to cnIt r. Motto? | "Our motto is onward?westward." ! 13. Invited guest*, including Aldermen J. j Dur.MMo.Ni), I>. Lccas and IS. II. Roiiokus. of ! Charleston ; Col. T. C Pi:umn, President of j tlio Greenville and Columbia Railroad; (Sun. j Patterson, of Rant well: Col. J. T>. Asiimoki: j member of Congress from the Fifth Distriet; ! Dr. Ai.iitucii, tit Ilnrnwell; Dr. Aiti.eiit, of ! Georgetown; IIknkv IS. Ravknki., Ksq., of Pickens; Hon. J. P. Ri:i:i>, of Anderson; and other gentlemen from Charleston and various parts of the State. i-l. The Piekens District I>and. A large plutfonn had been erected in a plea?Alit ' * ^uviir o_), aiiu a number of Heals lind been provided, and hero an nudicticc, numbering between five and six thousand persons, assembled. Co!. Shaiu'k, Clinirinnn of the Committee of Arrangement*, after a few introduo? i tory remarks, introduced Col. A. 1'. Cai.iiopn, | of Fort IIill, who made a Very appropriate I speech with regard to the design of the tueet| ing, and the importance of the enterprise. We make the following extract from the report of the Carolinian.: "Permit rsre.lo say that, a great nnd mncnifiooiit vall'-V lies to the West, from the limit* ?<" tin: wonderful river that sweeps through it, siti-l its vast tributaries ami alluvial plains stretch from the Gulf of Mexico to the lakes in one directinn, ami to the bnse of the Um'liV Mountains in tlus other. Within sight, a few miles from where we ore now 6taiidiiur. the <1 ivi?liutr ridge between the waters that flow into this valley, on the one sidewind to the Atlantic, 0:1 the other, is separated by only a few feet. Hut this mountain harrier, before j invention hud tie vised away, separated the | industrial slope of the Atlantic from all the! region drained hy the waters of the Mississip- I pi. The railroad has broken down this barrier, I j n^d.lsow the products that float to New Or- j ! leans are deflected from Mobile to Ho.-ton ; | nnd wherever the valley of the Mississippi eon he topped, every State but ourselve* is reaching for the trade. Kven New Orleans, not eontented nor satisfied with the inland sea, stretchj ing back thousands of miles, and covered with ! steamers, bringing to her levees the most gigantic trade upon the continent, is running a road almost parallel with the river, to compete more successfully hy railroad than by water. Alabama is building her road from Mobile to the mouth of the Ohio, and from thence the Cairo and Chicago ltoad connects her with the lakes. She is also stretching her , | Selina nnd Tennessee Uo?d in?.? !>.? competition uiul wealth?Oeorgia froin Savannnli nn<l Nashville, ami Memphis lias already readied the coveted valley. .North Cnrolinu is ready t<? pierce it, and would not object to tlic French Iir?m.l Road helping her on. Virginia, l?y her sy.-tem of roads, is already connceted with Kuoxville. Maryland has long since had her Hultimore and Ohio llailroud, that has made Baltimore her great commercial emporium, the third j in population in the Union. Here, then, we j have every State, except South Carolina, connected, or about to bo so, by their own system of roads, leadin/f to their own sell ports, and the change already effected isOfn nrrclloua. South Carolina alone cut off, except the trade ! | she can divert from passing between Atlanta | nnd Savannah, und even then a broken link nt : Augusta, and a navigable river and railroad, j leading from that point to Savannah, and not i only so,a hut she is at. nil times nt the mercy of Georgia, who can discriminate ninny waj's, <li reutly or indirectly, in favor of her own soaport. Is South Carolina satisfied to remain inactive in the great race of competition to reach the wealth of the richest valley upon enrth, whose products now nre hut trilling in comparison to what tliev will he, when instead of ten millions, she will liuve two huudred millions of pop lation ?" Upon the conclusion of his remarks, he introduced the orator of the day, Mnj. J{. F. Punny, of Greenville, who made an ablo speech of ooe hour and a quarter in length. But as wo design publishing it in whulo or iu part, we will omit an abstract. Next followed CJol. Marsham, Col. Allen, and Col. Pkrki.s, for an abstract of whose remarks we are indebted to the report of the Mercury: Hon. J. Foster Marshall, member of the State Senate from Abbeville District was then introduced, who nreftced his allusions to the great results ana objects to be obtained not only for the present generation, but for posterity, by the Blue Ridge Railroad. The great men of the last generation in South Carolina had perceived the immense trade of tho Weft,. which was prevented rrom reaching tlio State by this range of mountains, and had labored earnestly to build a railroad in this direction. They caused tfie different routes to bo surveyed, and obtained a State loan in its aid. Their efforts in the construction of the railroad to Columbia, aroused the other States. In four f eats from the abandonment of the Ciifeiimati, -ouisville and Charleston Railroad, Georgia bad the Atlanta aud Chattnnooga road started, winch was now so profitable that two private companies stood ready to buy the road and pay every dollar of its cost. lie promised no dividends for the Bine Ridge Raftroad, for he foryaw an ample remuneration 10 the trade whinh vnnM flnnr finm Hia " ?- " ? ? " ??wui n vo vd l ii toil ILfl \AJ Charleston And the State. lie stood ready to aubeci-ibe money in behalf of the State, for any enterprise which aecorely promised blessings to th~ State. He was prepared fo vote 9 ; loan to the French Broad, when reliable plans Would guarantee its suocess and benefit. He woiild vote am to thetjberaw and Coalfields Railroads also. In early days he was doubtful of tfie trade to pass over the lilue Ridge Railroad, bat be baa be?n to Chattanooga and be bad s^eu oyer #100,000 worth of storage, and was told that a short titpe previous a four-aore lot Was filled from tfca ?nne cause. South Caroliaa had never yet failed in.a railroad enterprise, and he troeted that the- desired aid fog the Bhrt Ridge Railroad would fee granted it-? the next session of the Legislatuns. ,? Hon. J. Duncan Allen, i^embcr of ibe.State ! Senate from Hnrnwell was introduced, who' felt, grateful when he looked nhout hitn for the I provisions in our constitution that permitted ! the people at all times to assemble and iliseuss public measures, lie would not, at this tinir, talk tntivh about railroads and the great inerea.se in the wealth of the State resulting front them, for Maj. Perry had stolen his thunder. In spite of the great advantages of the present day. there was much of evil, ehielly among which was opposition to the iJlue Hidge Railroad?which reminded him of some people in South America, who in spite of the memorials of former greatness about them, would not believe thai, anybody hail ever lived before thotu. As land in Harnwcll District had increased since th?? introduction of railroads, so it would in Pickens. He could remember when, it lie carried an umbrella over his head on a hot. day. he shut it if In; approached u house, from public sentiment: and now, the field hand, who worked in the full suit six days in the week, spread his umbrella as he went to Church. Everybody curried umbrellas now. The people were in advance of the iiuhi.iumiiii', linii Glioma iiiiiki) tn?ir power felt. Col, Allen said the Stale had never invested 11 dollar of luxation in aid of railroads; it all camo from tlio surplus revenue. The ivaoureea ??f tlie S'.ato were a valuation of ? I7t>,-I|r?,iil7, andennld tliey not give live or six millions to railroad*? Louisiana, willi a valuation of paid u tax of ?5. Why the people of South | Carolina knew nothing al.out State taxes.? I Some people would give tliree or four millions to build a stoin* house at Columbia for llie Lei;i Mature sit in tliree or four week? once a year, J and wouid pve nothing to tlie lilue Uidge i Itailroad, wlm-h was destined to pour rielies into every l)i;<t nel, of the State, and everybody | eould have a stone house, lie pledged lJarii| well to imy enterprise which advanced the ; honor, dignity and prosperity of South Cnro| lina. j Col. Thomas C. l'errin, President of the I (ireenville and Columbia Itailroad, being introj dueed, said a piofouud sense of duty prompted I him to add his voie>* in enenurageiiieiit of the ' !41 tie litdge I'ailcoad and the granting ofState ! aid thereto. Although $18.0<MI,0tMI had been j expi-nded on railroads in South Carolina, the . . .. ii|<|>t-r j Msinoi* alone lia<t inereasJ oil ^1 "2 i)i (),!?ii) in value. One hall' had not ! Irm-h told i.f ilu* great benefit arising from ( railroads in other States. No people w;n cvui dissatisfied willi the judicious expenditure o I money f-ir railroads. South Carolina car j build tlie I>Iue lliilir'- Railroad without oinbarj rnssiuent. The prosperity of a State frinks pre ' eisely with the lethargy with which she treat: I gicat enterprises. If tli-- present endeavor t< ' kmilil thi-road fails, it. will not In; revived foi j twenty yeais. and the Slate will not lie able t< j Imild it. For himself, lie was willing to pa\ I tive times his tax for twenty years for the enk< I of a lull trial of ail experiment to revive tin I prosperity of South Carolina. Argument: would never convince anybody, but there wn; i no disputing experiments. j The exercises were closed hy nil earnest nm : forcible speech from ,1. 1'. Wi;ki?, Es<|., fron which we make the following extracts t?s pub lished in the Curolinian : We say it is within the power of man t< complete I lie work, ami complete it within rea [ sonatilc time. Then ! occupy tliat position.? ! It is licit worth while t?? talk about whether i j is to he | i-nlt In hie or not. These qiies' iotn, I have hecn adjudged of hy the people of SoiiU I Carolina. They ileciiled upon it before iIhm ! put their money in it. Tlicy went tu, work have finished part of the roiiil, the greater |snr of it. l'rom l'ciidlelmi to Anderson is finished mid the great obstacle ju overcome. It is dea t ined to stand for all time there, a monument o folly, or, like the pyramids of Egypt to st.-uif a monument to our glory hereafter. As uij ! friend Inn said, I am willing to pay my shar< ! and vastly more than my share. It, is no worth while to he humbugged upon this subjte.t by anybody. There is not the slightes chance of a dollar ever comirii; out of lli? pocket: of the people. When you are told ho it is hysotm ?>ne for political pui'imses. Who arc the Illtu Itidge Company ? Why lliey are private stock ! holders in Charleston and Anderson Let tin 1 State loan her cretlit to the Hltle Kidge?endorse their notes as one neighbor Would ir<i security for another. That is all. Wc will complete the work, if you wdl ofilj- jrivc us the credit. (Jo our security for one or twojiuil nuns, is u possible Unit (here is miyninii wlm believe* the income would he so sm:ill tint il would not pay the interest upon the bonds which the company have n^ked you to gtmrantee! I say, the ulfort to ojVpose the road is to humbug the people, or the? thing is not understood. 1 undertake to say that if the railroad Was built now, that upon I he faith of that road, by the mortgage of the road, the' company will be able to finish it. The assembly then repaired to the tables, where 12 beeves, mid 19 "hgep roasted for the occasion, and 2.50 pounds of bread furnished a bountiful ropast. At 0 o'clock a very excellent supper wits given. Judge Fkost presided and about one hundred gentlemen were present. The evening passed o/F very uyreeably. Vnriotis sentiments were offered, which elicited a number of spirited responses. Thus passed oil' the Tunnel Hill Celebration ?n da}' long to lie remembered in Pickens, and which wc trust will be an earnest of a much more glorious demonstration, to celebrate llie completion of the enterprise. It, lias chcercil the spirits of the friends of the Road, who in view of what has already been accomplished, ...... n... m-uciiis iu uv gi'L-urun arc* prepared To innkc nn earnest nppeal to the pride and pntriotisin of the members of the Legislature at the next Session. AH they desire in, but the credit of the State, and this the can scarcely withhold. During our trip wo hnd the pleasure of making and renewing many agreeable acquaintances. Among other genth-men of the press, we bad tho pleasure of making the acquaintance oJ^AJr. Woodruff, Reporter of the Carolinian. and Mr. Gordon, of the JIcrcury, to whose very able reports we are very much indebted iu the preparation of this article. A GREAT DISCOVERY The following extrnct is taken from a letter of Dr. Citoss, late of Spartanburg, to the Southern Christian Advocate. AVe publish it, not for any intrinsic merit to which it is entitled, but as speoimen of natural history?a sort of Lucm Natruce which n>ay be placed on the top shelf of almost any gentleman's cabinet among iiis "odd specimens." It contains about as much literary merit or Scientific truth as the Dutchman's idea of the earth, "that it was as flat as a pancake," or of that of his neighbor, that the "Moon was made of green cbceae." Gkoloot Ejpt.onr.n.?At Salem, Alabama, Dr. Mitchell gsve him a book for river reading. The book is Dr. Lord's "Geognosy." Avast now, ye Geological theorists! Ye and your tiioi'iivs are expioueu, ana hence torlli non-extant. Geology is no science. It is a set of in Coherent influences from mere hypotheses, not a serios of legi ticoate deductions from demonstrated facts. T^iut the strata of the earth's surface are composed of the detritne of former mountains and continents, washed down hy rains and rivers, distributed by successive layers over the bed of the ocean, and thence elevated to the present position?a process which must hgdMfcfqaired innumerable ages?is all assumptioi^linproved aad unprovable, inconsistent with the Mosnio tffeotint of the creation, and subversive of itself The n)atfjJ^lu|kAhfi strata are from the vast furtaeo benei the* vcloafoio forces which operated duringwe iz day/y and thence forward to. the daluge, with tl?dttelug? iUolf?if this also is not mere aesuroptron?Wfcfe equal to the production of all these effect*, and amply acoount for all'the facta pf strata, without asaigoiug an immeasura*ble wfte to our mother earth* Wfcfct?Dotf, J ye anti-Mosaie philosopher** ara all .your splen1116 drvCD) 01 tflrugi lllftt werAI W Dftt BOW i?-yoar vaunted scienae of Ooology f "The baseless fobno of a .vision!" This one foil stfoko of t>Vs Lord bas'kuoeketf yon atii your systems into chaos, llepent ye, and -fifruwear Geology 1 j COL. PICKENS AND THE LATE COL. BENTON. Wc notice a very interesting letter from Col. Francis VT. Pickens, mir present minister nfc St. I'etersburg. It in "Intel April 12th, 18&y, nn<l criticises very severely, some statements in Col. Benton's "Thirty Years in the Sicnalc," ami denies their correctness. The statements j disputed chiefly relate to (Sen. Jackson and | Mr. Cnlhoiin, the acquisition of Texas and in? trigues imputed hy C?'l. Benton to different j public men, to whom, when in lif?, lie was bitterly opposed. Wo liavo read Col. Pickens' letter carefully, nnd are inclined to think tlmt he lias fully established tlic fact, that Col. Denton's prejudices often misled him. Wc Itavo \ had pointed out to us several other errors in I Col. Benton's book. Wc have henrd the Hon. | H. J. Walker mention ">?> ? w ?iiok?*mw9 ll\ 1 wliicti incorrect statements are tnade with refI erelieo to iiim-df. ami wo know that in his j enumeration of the members of the members' of Comrrcss who signed the celebrated South1 era address or manifesto on the subject of | slavery?proposed by Mr. Calhoun in 1819? ; one name is given, when in fact, the gentleman ' stated lo have signed it, so far from doing so distinctly refused, and in a speech delivered in Congress in February, 181'J, justified himself . I'm* >o doing, chielly on the ground that the Missouri Compromise ni t was not enumerated ; in it as on the aggressions upon the South.? ; We remember I his, beeaitse the faet was eotn, minted upon at the time in the newspapers; and it was argued for the omission stated, that I tins South neipiieseed in the Missouri Cotupro? i tnise Aet, then advocated by Mr. liuchanan',' I and since nullified by the Kansas and Ne? I braska aet. of 18.'it, propositi by Senator Dougj las under Gen. l'icrcc's Administration, j A? gn at as Col. Hcutou was, lie was often un1 charitable and unrelenting, ar.d blinded by his | hostilities. And yet his reconciliation will/ j (Jen. Jaekson, in after the fierce feud [ which had existed for ninny years between j them, and his support.of Mr. liuclianau in 18&G, ; against his son-in law. Col. Fremoiit, are striI king instances that hu was, at times, most I tragnanituous. Not withstanding the errors thus noted, ISen' I....'-, .. Tl.: v 111riv i onrs in ilie Senate," like hi* "Abridgments of the I)vlmtv9 of Congress," , will In- i < ( ivi 'l 1?v posterity us among the standard works of the age and generation in [ which lie s<> conspicuously* figured. I An instance of (Ndonel Benton's peculiarity, ' us well us of his manner of dealing with newsI 1 papers, limy '.? mentioned in this connection, i | Some years ago, when we hud chaise of anoth ! er press in this city, a series of articles op? - | pcared under our editorial head defending tlio s i course of I In; then President and Secretary of > ; State on the Oregon (Question, and in vindicn? [ 'lion of the Admiiii-trat ion from the charge > that it had hasely surrendered the rights of tins r i country between I'.l"* and r?l? and !<>' to Great i Britain, or had !? ??! it bv bungling diplomacy. : j Some things in articles impinged in no email s | decree upon the course of t'ol. I teuton iu the s Senate, us having constrained the Adtninistraj tioii to adopt the course it did. He chose to 1 , suspect these articles were written by a cert j tain ili-tingii.slied gentleman. Ile accordingly j addressed a very peremptory letter to 113 de? | maudiiig the author of the article, for the purj po.-e oi arraigning him before the United j states Senate for misrepresentation! We rc. | plied to the Colonel's n'lgry note, of course as_ j sinning (lie authorship, and in forming him that I ! we would immediately proceed to Washington K to meet any action he might be disposed to in? , , dilute. We took the tram for Washington the . I r-atiie night, having stated in our letter where I we might be found iu that city. We remained L j at Washington a few days, but neither saw | nor heard from the Senator, until one evening | at an entertainment, given at the British Millj ! ister's, to which we happened to be invited, we ] I accidentally met him. Alter greeting us pleas. . unt'.v, ami while holding 111 his liiuid a gohlct , j of Roman punch, he said : "I got your letter, " 1 ;.. ' - - L ; .- ?\t>ur iciier, Mr; bill 1 was lonkintr for nn_ I oilier mini, air?another man, sir." \V?t uvoidL i"l ;i reply. and the Mihj-ct dropped, to our iu4 tiiiit*.- satisfaction.? I'liilmblnhia i'r< si. ' -?V'" '?/ Ji'ftefion in the. Sickles Congressional I Dixlriet,? It in timlcrsooil thai, upm> certain : j conditions, wliicli have been iluly vnusidereil hy his personal friends, Mr. Sickles will voluntn' : rily surrender his claim* to represent the Third j Coiiijivsi^oiial l>istricl. ilis ;i|>|ilienlioii for his ' | feat, must In* referred to a committer, which will have also to decide upon the credentials of tint ' , other New Yoik City members. On account of ; a clerical error in the endorsement of their hul1 i lots, no eerlitieale lias been issued to them. A'l i the ineiiihcra eleel, lint Sickles, will lie reported ' ! luck fi.rthworth : his case will lie retained until he chooses whether to resign or content, ill tlio ' ' lat'er case, the vole of Certain soldiers from (iov' ! ernots's I.-land ami other irregularit ies will l>e put in iiwuij. The f.icl. that Williamson him failed lo serve notice on Sickles of hi* intention lo contest tvill complicate on matters, lint in consid( ration of an agreement on the part of Sicklcs to re?i;:n. iml of certain other high contracting > parties to put an aiitt-Lecoinpton Democrat in | nomination for the District, the plan is now to ; bold a special election in theThird Congressional j District,?N. }r. floating I'ont. J'olitlntl.?The Hichmnud Enquirer believes there will lie no chance whatever lor Democratic success in the Mouse of Representatives?several j Stnleg from which (letter things were cxpected ' having chosen delegations either divided or hosI tile. Tennessee elects a Democratic Governor, i hnt sends seven Opposition members out of ten. j Nor'h Carolina Bends a tie of four to four.? Kentucky, which in other respects did wonders ; for the Democracy, has elected only live Deinoi era tie Representatives, with ati on the popular ! vote iu one district, which tie, according to n i constitutional requirement, is to be solved by ! casting lots; fo that under the unlucky stur which seems now to be in the ascendant of the Democratic heavens, she, too, may happen to bo divided, and thus her vole be lost. Kven Texas is reported to have chosen a wedged and useless dehgaiion. An Editor Shot by a Candidate for Congress. ?Wo learn l?y privaU- letter from Canton, that o? Wednesday last, Hun. Franklin Smith, the independent democratic candidate for Congress in this district* idiot Owen Van Vaoter, Esq., editor of the CtHHMonweallh, on the streets of that town. A controversy arose between them about an article in the last number of the Commontrenh/i. relative to tlio discussion between Smith and Singleton, at Raymond, oil the 1st iunt. The woinid of Mr. Vnu Vacter is severe, though not necessarily fatal. At the time our informant wrote, the matter was undergoing investigation, and lie therefore expressed no opinion relative to it.? Vicksbiirg Wing. Labor in the Cotton States?According to the cciisus of 1850, there wero at that time two millioiiH forty-eight thousand two hundred aud ninety-three slaves ill the cotton States?Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, South Carolina. Tonneescoe, aud Texas. % It is believed that the number lias now increased to ' two millions five hundred thousand. Of this aggregate, tho field hands number one million fire * huudred thousand, aud about two-thirds of them, are employed in cultivating tho staple. It is** calculated that the crop of i860, with good weather, will be four millions balei% to produce which, it is paid, an increase of one hundred thousand field hands will be renuirad. Tin. question 10, where nra they lo come from. ?-?-? '* From the Spartan. VALUABLE PRESENTS. The Trustees of the Reidvillo Female Hiph School tiike gr?nt pleasure in making a publio acknowledgment of their obligations for the folle wiug valuable presents, for tho uso of the School A Ball, worth >80.00, "presented by Hod. A. Burt, of Abbevillo District, S. C, A handsome Seal, worth $15.00. presented by Mr. T&m. Gower, of Greenville District. u.rn R. n. IIEID, President. Tnit Babt 1I6ax.?"We believed when we inserted this notice last week, that it was all a fudge. We admitted it against our better judgment, bat concluded to lefc it "pass. * round." Read the following contradiction i .. . : Si . Jupr as. W* Expicted.?The story about MVs. Bradley, of Warren, Ohio, Jiaving eight ?hitdr?n nt a birth, is a malicious hoax. Mr. and Mrs. Bradley have been married about six years, and have never had any childtei?