Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Tho Farmer and Planter. Wo have received the July number of thii valuable monthly, with its usual varied mis cellauy of original and selected matter, W< extract the following editorial remarks will regard to the weather and the crops : The weather since our last has been varia Mo.?though upon tho wholo seasonable enongl to objure good crops. In some neighborhood ofotir districts considerable injury lias beer sustained from heavy rains, accompanied wit! iimi. M ite growing crops are generally in gooi coudiliqu, "Gi'Utrnl Green" having been kepi at a respectful nistaiicc. The wheat, oat ant rye crops haw generally been harvested, and although not to be bragged ou, arc such as w< should feel thankful for. tVbcot, considering it has had to contcnc withjflytj?ro.i< and rust, will, ou uplands, jielvi an average crop?not so much on low lands. Oats have suffered more or less from a verj Unusual attack. * We have seen rust, but little on oal? before, but we have <t now in abundance, and to the entire destruction of the *pl#nt on niftuyfarms, ns we are informed. Oui own -crop is greatly injured in spots, which have been cut down ana cured as ha\\ Wc lutil one field of full sown oats, that had more blitetefl hsads in jt than wc ever before saw? the cause of which \v? attribute to sowing ol uot-ipo grain. Which we never kuew fail to produce that elFvct; Imt i', was a new variety, and we are compelled to eow such as we cou d get. OtUs intended for seed should always otnnd tffi dead ripe before being cut. Ryo we have seen but few crops of, but our own was not so well filled as wheot. Very many heads weiv entirely barren, and as niuny more, amounting in all to at least a fourth ol the whole number, was only partiully filled. Sugar corn, though small from late plauling and sowing, is promised a fait crop. Sweet potatos are unusually good for the Bcaaon, and so are vegetables generally, where there arc attended to; and we arc almost ashamed to ask, who would not hnvo a garden, apd have it well attended to. when it affords half a family's living, not only through the aummer, but the year rouud, with some help frAtn the orchard. Yet there are many, very maby families in our State, and those generalr,. ikM : -1 ??- . v ? - mj- ?.iuu giuuu MIUEK 111 IICCU, WIIUKIIOW 1)01 II1C value of n good garden, or even of a turnip patch: If tliey can beg a "mess of turnups,'1 or'v*?ess of "<ul)it," from their more provideironciglibor?, they are content to have nothing of the kind of their own. "When we have a superabundance of vegetables, we make it a poiut to invite our neighbors who have failed vrith all their exertions to have such things to end and partake freely of our store ; but a man who is too lazy, or*who is too much afraid of tasing time in the corn or cotton field, to have a garden, docs not deserve such favors. Commodore Vanderbilt in Nicaragua. From the letter of the New York correspondent of the Charleston Courier it appear that Commodore Vanderbilt, has outwitted both Monsieur Belly, and the Old Transit company, in Nicflrnmin It oflnmu !??* n J ? wvtuo viiov buc vuiiiiuuuure has himself mado a treaty with Nicaragua and by a loan of $100,000 of his personal funds has secured a monoply of the transit route for a term of years. The writer thus speak of the energy and success, -which have characterized all the exports of the Commodore: The last)-exploit of Vanderbilt is his great est. After glj we have read and heard of a shrewed French Diplomatist?ono Mons. Bellv ?and his achievements ic the Central Amerl can States, we had begun to despair of the Monroe doctrine, and to believe that the French ]?mpcror was going to trv his hand in con i^uciu u|>uu hub conuuenr. -tsui tiie "old American^Machiavelli was too cnu'eli even for this ad entu'rou'?\vFrenehman. Commodore Vonderbilt-oow hns it in his power to do nearly what heiploaaes in Nicaragua and Co9ta Rica. If the Government of the United State is civil to him, he. will qUow it to fihare in tho ndvarftages he baa obtained. With his influence, there is but little doubt that the Central American States will yet 60 far place themselves under our protection^ to. allow American war steamers to -guard th6 interests of our citizens on the Isthmus. *' There is great satisfaction cxprossed here that the Central American question approaches a eolutiou. If Vanderbilt fulfils his contract, and ljasadine of steamers running to California, via NieoYagua, in sixty days, all will be well acaioy^J&A'has the money and the braiosto do if? Vl? rn/?pnf l- mi , vnvuuuuiuvcs uuve siiown. ine $100,000 id specic, bo cleverly forwarded to that poverty 6tricken country by him, clearly proves (hnt in tjjis respect he will not bo shortcoming. In his sons-in-law?D. B. Allen and Horace F. Clark, as well as his trusty agent W. R. C. Webster?he has associates with whom the word "fail" is rarely c&gbected.? The great secret of the successes of Vanderbilt is that lie never trusts his interests to any one who will deceive him, or afterwards quarrel villi him. llis projected schemes are consequently never mad? public, and even should be occasionally fail, the world would still be ignorant of the fact, and ever the enmc believe .religiously in his invincibility. Commodore Vanderbilt has the fastest steam ship afloat, and he has achieved in a foreign State what two great governments could not obtain. Arc cot "these glories enough lor a simple republican citizens? Hnrrnh for the Commodore I An Amerioan in England; In a notice of a late publication the An tocography of the Ttev. Theodore Clapp, of NewOrieans, we find the following amusing incident iUustrating the eccentric character of the auiuvr. Wl?6n Mr. Clapp was in Englttid he experienced ft desire to bccome acquainted with Thongs CoTljle. Mr. Bancroft, our Minister at the time, told him that it was impossible to o&tain an introduction unless ho called at one" of Mr. Csfjyle's evening levees, which were much crowded. But Mr. Clapp determined.to have a long interview, and started off alone to *eej|he great transcendentalht. But let him to1$Kis owg st?ry *'As he Had coiled my countrymgn^ a nation of boret, I concluded to -assume the character ?nd impudcncc which the.term designates. Mr. Gailylo resided two miles from Morley's Hotel, wbcrrl Lad lodgings, t was told that his breakfesbhour was eight o'clock. I found my way to "bis dwelling one morning, when the clock wks striking nine, with letters from distinguished men on both sides- of the Atlantic. A lady witfi'a very intelligent appearance met me at .( he door. 'i*said to her *i h?T? !?!?. morning to.seo Mr. Carlyle ; is be at liomo t" SBe replied ''Mr. Carlyle has just entered his studjVAnd-no geiitlcman can see Iiim this morning. If (be Queen of ?ngland should now call h?e soil request an interview with him it Wwd not be granted." I then asked her if he-feotritftoblige-roe by carrying a written WnpMf io hfsstudj. ''With pleasure," said sbi. I sat down and down and wrote with a pencil lbs following words:' Dear Sir :?No a nian, is at your door, a Unitarian, a Yankee, a Democrat-and a radical, al) the way from the banks of the Mississippi ; a artful ripder and a great admirer of Mr. Carlyre, endfrbegs the favor of a short interview, which.muat be granted now, or nevef. this3?ide 1 th#grave." l**eat my letters alottff; w]^$a?fia d^rkwl, Direetly the invitation canie '"Walk iqgy n?: 1 ?h?II be happy to ae^yon." Jbe:Bew Mayor of Mew Orleaoa, Mr. Stith*, Ml acm e difficult^,on the day U'o({jU InaoguNation with a porofcn of the l<y?ders of tH% pgr4j tboMlected him. Mr. L'ueitn Ari/mt, one of ta^toost projmnenl of tie obnoxion? portion oi tfce Know IJpibingvproduced a letter of Mayor 8&h, written previous to the deatioa, plcdg (p>e toe appointment of Chiofol Pdlice to Hr^Aaams, tb continue Airing hii ^N4*fWWi?Uat?d> Mtead at ihia I * v ** rf* y* THE INDEPENDENT PRESS 18 published evert friday morning, by LEE & WILSON. W. A. LEE Editor. ftidividuqU, like nations, fail in nothing which they boldly attempt, &hen sustained by virtuous purpose, an determined re solution.?Henry Clay " Willing to praise, yet not afraid to blame." Terma?Two Dollars a Year, in Advance. [ ~ ABBEVILLE O. H. | FRIDAY, JULY 9, 1858. Rain. I Wo have at last been visited with refreshing 1 rains, which wcro very much needed. Advertlaemens. We direct attention to the advertisement of tlie opening of thtiNow Hotel at Williamaton . Springs ; the sale of tovea likely negroes by i the Sheriff?the fine stock offered for sale by ? J. K. <fc J. 11. Vanco, <tc. , "4 The Charleston Mercury. Tlie proprietors of this valuable journal have purchased the subscription list, tho material nnd the good will of tlie Standard, and will henceforth furnish the Mercury to the Subscribers of the Standard. Examination at the Female Academy. We are requested to stato that the annual Examination of our Female Academy now under charge of Sir. A. T. Watson, will take place on Frida}' next, the 16th inst. At the close of the Examination, there will be various exereises in composition by tho young ladies, dialogues, Ac. The Public are respectfully ini vited to attend. Large Yield of Wheat. We are indebted to Col. J. F. Marshall of our Village, for the following statement of a fino yield of wheat grown on his plantation in the vicinity : One choice acre produced 35| bushels; 2 acres, produced 50 bushels, and 3$ pecks ; aud -1 acrcs produced 106$ bushels. The wheat was uncommonly large and fine, and promised-* better yield than the aboye result shows ; but owning to the smallness of the heads, the yield was less than its general appearance indicated. o i ? Festivals, Literary and Social. We regret that we were unable to attend the Junior Exhibition, at Erskine College, on last Friday evening. Wo have, howsvur. n communication on the subject, which shall appear in our next. At the Exhibition of Mr. Watson's School, in the Lebanon neighborhood, on Friday last, Mr. C. H. Allen, of our Tillage, delivered a Literary Address, which wo have beard rery highly commended. Tlio candidates present were called out and responded in short impromptu speeches. There was a fine Barbacued Dinner and social gathering at New Market, on Saturda}*, at which several speeches were delivered. The Tilt. According to previous announcement the tilt of the Southern Eights Dragoons came off Oil FridaV last, in IHa nrwonpfl nf ft nnmK?i? nf spectators from the Village and viciuitj\?The day was pleasant and a fine breeze swept over the level plain ; the scene of the day's contest The prize was a beautiful Silver Clip to be awarded to the rider, who after five tilts, should succeed oftenest, in striking down a wooden head and bearing off a suspended ring. The contest Was c/ose and well sustained ; nnd there was some fine riding. The prize was Awarded to Mr. Joseph M. Davis of our Village; and the judges announced that if there bad been a se cuuu jinze, ib wouiu navo Deen justly due to Mr. Lewis Russell. The>>tin cup was held in abeyancc, for more degenerate times, when the present golden (or silver)'age, shall give place to the brazen years. There was not an indifferent rider in the company ; and in the spirit of the Drummer, who when called upon to beat a retreat, said that he "Knew no 6uch tune," each member of the company would have repelled the insinuation that they were otherwise than chevaliers, sant peur, ei tan* rvproche. Blackwood's Magazine. We have received the June number of Blackwood, whioh contains its usual choice variety, and happy intermingling of Literature and Philosophy, ethics and politics, art and science, the actual and the ideal.?Bulwer in his novel "What will he do with it" continues his graphic delineations of life and manners, and his philosophic reflections uDon social nh<?noni?na expressed in that chaste and beautiful style of hia, in which the thought seems to float, as if in mid-heaven ; so clear and transparent is the medium. We had marked somo fine passages for extracts ; but will not do them the injustice of removing them from their appropriate setting, or tantalize our readers by transient glimpses of fairy-land. The article "Religious Memories," is a criticism upon a class of publications of which, the lives of Gen. Have lock, and of Capt. Hedley Vicars, form the prominent-types. The object, tion of the writer, so far as we can divine it* in hil V??? will* mn'iHan 4 - lL 1 .......J nn.KU Images, iU bill} wurm in question, seems to be, that they are not designed to illustrate life and character, "but to point a moral" and prove a conclusion which he re. gards as self evident?to wit the compatability of religion with the active dntiea of life. To call them biographies, he says is a complete misnomer ; since they possess none of that pith and raciness, which give character to the life picture. They are more properly allegories, intended to illustrate some of the cardinal virtil PR- TKllinHfln/? M.UJ w < Tdliu UUJOVUUU w them a* works of art, bat is futile, so long as they effect the great end for which they are de signed, the dissemination of moral and relig ions truth. What if they are sernionsin disguise, they are the* more effective for that very ' reason and are the more generally read?"The defeat of the factions" is an able vindication of the lodia policy of the Derby Ministry. Charleston Bible Soolet-r. The following are the delegates appointed to represent the-Oharleslon Biblo Society In the Conveftion- at Abbeville, on.the S6tb inat.: Ctrrledl?Rot. Dr. J. Forrest, Eer. Dr. B. r MaOly^Ber. Dr. B. H. Myera, Ber. Dr. ^r L 1 Kirkp?triekr Rer. C. C. Pinkney,'4|foT. OM^ 1 Gadsden, Iter. Dr. J. B. Adger, Ber.E. T. Win. r Jklar, Be*. Wm. Dehon. Hon. ffm. Cafn, Hon. James O. G. Memmfrjger, J. J. MoCsrter, Ssm'J < DoM,Biehard ftadm^S. L Kerrfsoo/J. "f Exhibition at Cokeabnry. We had tlio .pleasure on last Wednesday of attending the Literary Exercises of the Cokesbury Conference Sclfaol ; but owing to ouf limited space wo are restricted to a very brief notice. The institution, in at present under the able management of the Re*. S. B. Joins, the Rector, assisted by the Rev. J. W. Wightmau, and Mr. A. B. Turpin. Thft oyprAinoa nf f lin /! ?? -.1 !- ? ... ? ?MV UWJ it VI C |iVl IVI IUVU 111 IIIU , spacious bull of the Masonic Fouaalo Institute, which at uu early hour was filled with a bright array of youth and beauty. After an appropriate prayer from the Itev. Mr. Murchison, a number of origiuul addresses were delivered by the young men of the Institution. As they were all excellent, wo shall not attempt to discriminate between them, but remark simply, that they were generally delivered iu a style of easy and graceful elocution, without that mannerism, awkward gesticulation, vicious pronunciation, or improper intonation, which occasionally mar efforts of this kind, lleru is a list of tlicir names and subjects : "The Wrongs of the Indian," by It. C. Net tics,ouioniervnie ; "livery Mail the Architect of his own Fortune," J. F. Dannelly, Abbevillo; "The Heroes of "70," J. 1*. Davis, Marion ; "The Beauties of Nature," J. E. Rust, Lexington ; "The Influence of Aristocracy on Civil aad Religious Liberty," T.J. McCants, NinetySix ; "The Past and the Present," II. D. Hill, Catawba, N. C. ; "The Character of Lord By- | ron," M. I). Forgy, Laurens ; "Ireland," B. E. Chritalierg, Marion. After a ehort recess, Gen. McGowan the Orator of the day, was introduced to the audience ; and proceeded to deliver a very chaste and beautiful address, upon a subject which was very appropriate to the times and the occasion. "Obedienco to Law," and which was made peculiarly so,' by the li?ppy illustration*), and practical inferences of the Speaker, lie began by alluding beautifully, to that incident in the life of Socrates, in which he resisted the importunity of his friends to escape from prison, on the ground, that it was his duty to obey the laws of his country. This couclusion the Orator showed to bo the dictate of true wisdom and philosophy?"Order is heaven's first law' ?the instinct of the un iversal nature?and an adherence to established ordinances in the basis of all national and individual advancement. This the speaker illustrated by a view of society, in different periods, and the history of various nations ; by the growing supremacy of aucient Greece aud the declining fortunes of Rome.?The spirit of obcdience is best learned in the home circle, where the law borrows its sanctions from parental precept and example and the associations which cluster around the paternal hearth. To the parent succeeds the teacher invested with the same authority, and requiring the same unquotlioning obcdience? and this docility and submissiveness wns shown to be the true basis of succcss. as illustrated in the lives of Washington, Havelock, and others. ?The address was well delivered and well received ; it has been generally complimented and will add to the reputation of the Orator. The Concert of the previous evening wo learn wns quite a triumph.?There wcro botween 300 and 400 persons present, and the receipts were proportionately large. The Rite of Circumcision?Lectures. W? have been favored during the past week with a visit from the Rev. Dr. Jacobs, a learned Jewish Rabbi, of Philadelphia, late of Charles, ton, who came in our midst to perforin the rito of circumcision, in the family of Mr. Winestock, of our village. A number of our citizens availed themselves of the kind invitation of that gentleman to witness the performance of the ceremony ; and were hospitably received and very highly entertained. The ceremony itself occupied, we suppose, about 10 or 15 minutes; it commenced and closed with a Hebrew chant, in which the Israelites present all - --j ' * -- - |/u>kigi|Mvcu , uiiu was pwriormea Willi all the imprcBsiveness of a solemn religious rite. Upon its conclusion, the company present were invited to partako of a bountiful repast, consisting of a choice variety of cakes, fruits, wines, <fcc., to which we all did ample justice. Before leaving the tablo, Mr. Jones proposed the health of Dr. Jacobs, whom be designated as a worthy representative, of the fathers of the Church, the ancient Rabbis, and the learned Doctors of the Law. This evoked, from that gentleman, one of those eloquent outbursts of feeling, which gush spontaneously from the well-springs of geuiuB and sensibility. Whilst appreciating the compliment, he felt himself unworthy, lie said, to appropriate it.? And sketching graphically the proment characteristics of the Hebrew leaders, prophets, priest*, and kings, he disclaimed any kinship save in a devotion to the same ritual, the tamo faith and the same hopes. n At the urgent solicitation of several of our citizens, Dr. Jacobs wa3 induced to deliver, in the Court House, on two different evenings, Lectures on "The Character of the Jew," and " Moses the Hebrew Law-giver." These were congenial themes to which the Lcctures did full justice; and they were well received. The character of tho Jow was sketched in truthful outline, and his -history exhibited, in all the strange vicissitudes of his eventful career? once the victim everywhere of persecution, and bearing a name which was synonymous with everything vile aod opprobrious, he has nevertheless been truo to the instincts of his race and to the creed of ha fathers; has remained a distinct people, though scattered in every land; and after secretly controlling the sinews of at-- 1 1 ?v.w) v?u xug viTiii<.ai.iuu ui ino woria, hu at l^st began to aspire after political honor and preferment. The Lecture on the Hebrew Lav-giver, was Worthy of the theme, and was such a tribnto aa an admiring disciple might well award to one of the brightest and purest characters in history. Bible Society. At a meetjng of the Colombia Bible 8oottfty held on Thursday last, the followine^ent^amen were appointed delegates to the mat? Bible Convention: Be*. W. M. Martin, Col. T. B. CJarkaon, Rev. J. H. Cojt, Be v. A. N. Talley. Bar. J. M. Priogle, and W. K. Backman Esq. W. L. Reynolds. Secretary. e Id^^a^y. * ' 111* Commencement at Oglethorpe \Tni*ers tjr wiUbe held -on the filet Iqftt., the exerekee oomiheftefog with the Bac?*l?areet^ Sermon, the 18th inatf? Tb? eomip?tl?etQe*t At Devldeon College will tmeu^oo th*]?tb tort, apdthe annual fddreee to graduates will b* prooqaneed on the 18th 1 icot., by J. H. Tho8nw*?. P. P. . Cui&i of theCfceafer&to-1 Oar Relations with Mexico. In'tho present unsettled condition of affairs lu Mexico, means have been resorted to, for providing a revenue by levying a contribution to enable the leaders now in authority to meet the pressing demands upon them. The levy' was made indiscriminately upon tlio citizens of oilier nntions, residing in the country ; a proteat was entered by Mr. Forsyth, our Minister against the proceeding. This being disregarded, he demanded und received his passports. The Evening iSVirs in eommentiug upon the protest of onr minister, thinks its positions, arc unwarranted by the publiejlaw, or a corrcet interpretation of our treaty with Mexico, A State whilst having no right to coufiscato the property of a subject of a foreigu state, has olenr-lir ? ;?!.f .* ?? S? -11 ' customary taxation ; and to determine what is lawful and customary, rests with the constituted authorities. Mr. Forsyth has not shown that American citizens were taxed, exclusively or in a different manner from other citizens. With regard to Mr. Forsyth's interpretation of the treaty the iVirtr.t remarks : Hut, 11 r. Forsyth goes on to state that by treaty the citizens of the United States ure protected against the "contribution" us the Zuloago government terms it. "In the convention" says he, celebrated between Great Britain and Mexico at London, Dec. 'it!, 1820, it is stipulated that "no forced loans shall bo levied upon liritish subjects." lu tho treaty between the United .States and Mexico, concluded April 5, 1831, it is plainly and broadly laid down that the citizens of the U nited States shall be placed on the came footing as those of the most favored nation. From the letter and spirit of this treaty no doubt rests upon the mind of the undersigned that the decree of the 15th lilt., (imposing the contribution) is inoperative, so far as concerns the citizi-nn of flip ITiiitiwl Sinim and that the "contribution" directed by it cannot be, in any wuy, "levied upon them." These are words very usual in a commercial treat}-, providing tliul no higher duties on tonagc and imports that arc levied on tho most favored nation shull be imposed. Whether this is Unmeaning, whether the "contribution" as it is called, is a forced loan, coming within the provisions of the treaty mid all other questions as to its legality are for the decision of the courts of Mexico and not ihe Ambassadorial office. None of the other foreign ministers united with Mr. Forsyth in his Protest. This shows that their construction of the act imposing the tax was ditF?*rent from his. We say then that, if our Minister grounded his withdrawal on the forced loan, as he calls it., he does not stand justified on principles of public law. If there were ucts on the part of Zuloago's government disrc?pcct(ul to him, us lliu representative of his country, it remains to be determined whether the appeal taken by him to the Mexican Department of State, instead of by the aggrieved American citizcii to tho Mexican court*, was not so irregular as to constitute some justification for that departure from etiquette which led to a neglect of tho Protest. o > Missouri Politics. The Republicans, says the Courier, of tho St. Louis (Mo.) Congressional District, in convention on Monday, nominated Hon. Francis P. Blair, Jr., for re-election to Congress, by acclamation. Resolutions were r>assed">reaffirin inir the doctrino of Thomas JefTerson, denouncing the Administration, opposing negro equalit}', advocating the extinction of slavery in Missouri, and the removal of the negroes from the State. Three full tickets arc now in the field? Democratic, American and Black Republican. It is to come to be a rather serious matter when Abolitionists havo growu so strong and numerous in a Southern Stato as to be able to elect representatives to Congress. In a lato number of the Mercury we find the following sketch of the elder Blair, tho father of the Representative iu Congress, from St* Louis:? F.P. Blair cime from Kentucky to edit the Washington 0lobe, after General Jackson had quarrelled with Duff Green and the Telegraph. His paper became the government organ, and Blair himself a sycophant and friend to General Jackson. In the Nullification contest of 1832 and 1838, of cour6clic defended General Jackson nnd the government?wa6 enthusiastic for the Union, furious against the disunionists and traitors of South Carolina ; stigmatizing Mr. Calhoun as a Catalinc to his country. Having made a largo fortune by the pRtronage he obtained from the government and Congress, he retired from a proprietorship in the Gk?be, and then begun the disclosuie of his truo characteristics. First he supported Martin Van Bureu against the acquisition of Texas ; then he became a frecsoilcr in the California contest. His son, after first enjoying the prestige of United States District Attorney in St. Louis, reflected tho fraternal training and principles by eupporling the Abolition party in St. Louib, and being elected to Congrces as their Representative. As unscrupulous, apparently, to the mandates of truth as lie is proiiigate in his Abolitionism, the elder Blair visits tlio deathbed of the lat-; Thomas II. Benton, to get for his own a Bort of identification with Mr. Bonton, to aid Lis political fortunes in the Missouri. Accordingly he fabricate and publishes in the New York Tribune?Iho grand organ of the Abolitionists of the North?a dealh-bed conversation ofMr. Benton's with au "old Teunessee friend." Wm. Carey Jdnes, a son-in-law of Mr. Bcntou, and about to write his biography, was present at the interview between Blair and Mr. Benton, and in a long article published in the Washington Union, exposes tho falsehoods of Blair. Qen. Jackson's Opinions of Banks. Tho Newberry Sun contains a strong antibank card from Dr. Randell Croft, declining to bccomo a candidate for the South Carolina Legislature. In his card, he gives the follow* ing os General Jackson's opinion of bauks : "I can never.forget the convocation of Gen. Andrew jacxsoii, whilst on a vitjlt'at bis house ; said he : "Dr. Croft, you are ft young man, aud I am an old one. I have never seen a ban k erected in any town or village that il did not ruin itafter a while pftnd do yon, air, observe it, and you will find it invariably tbe case, that though the people he thrifty, at{d out of debt, whenever banks are brought in' fbeir midst, they become indebted to the bank? their property mortgaged or sold, and the matiy laboring for the few, And after they have acquired strength by holding mortgages an-i liens'on the people generally, are they noB the lords and masters of those people f" Free Negroes. We were not aware says the Guardian that our neighboring State was so much infested with-free negroes as to call forth tho folio wine rather im portant declaration: the Grand Jdrora of Cleveland county in North Carolina, do present, that jfreeNegroea ii^general are a nuis&nce to sooretyj and that it would be expedient to have a hhv Tr^ quiring them to leave this State, and for a fail ure to de so, that they shohld he exposed to Eublie salek and the proceeds artyug tharefrom a applied to our literary Fond of aaid State." This question of removing free negroes has been mooted rOorethnn cnqp id son^e aiaveholding States, bat'ifweare nfltmiotfiken.tha policy hss pot yet been adopted by , an*, of them. This cUss oforit^pufatioto/ ^eWrter, should baudtar the AgaLttionaof * Jftrfet police system* / - , ; / (OOUMUNIOATED.) A OarcL?To the Publio. Afetsrs. Editor* :?My own private business, ^ with the ntteution which my farm requires at niy hand, makes it incumbent upon me tu with- ^ draw my name from tho columns of your paper, as a candidate for Sheriff. ? . Be I cannot, however, do so, without returning ^ my thanks to my many friends. They have been to me friends well tried and true, nud I ^ will ever remember them with gratitude. T. J. ROBERTS. Pleasant Grove, July 5, 1868. j Corner Stone of the Calhoun Monument, 8 17(11* tlm twiiirtfi t fif /lilt* pnoilura naro tlld Plittr. th lesion Mercury, wc subjoin the exact dimensions ro particulars, <?o., of the Corner Stone of the 80 Calhoun Monument, laid in Citadel Square 011 ? the 28lb, by the Masonic brethren , arid the La- 1,1 dies of tho Calhoun Monument Association. 81 The mailt utouo is a block of two feet eight l" inches long by one foot eight inches wide, and th one foot two inches deep. It is of the free In stone clas.-*, and has an arch or hole in it fourteen inches long, eighl inches wido and eight inches deep, in which tho following articles ?:i sealed in an air tight case, are placed : w n 1111 1 : ' .... . , . ?- ocaini(r i.no i mop nn<l bj: I names of the different Cab ill ess of tho General Government-from the inauguration of Washington to this period ; tlio Governor of tho Stale to of South Carolina ; Mayor of the City; Ofti- U] cers of the Lilies' Calhoun Monument Associa- gi tion ; Committee of Arrangements; Mnrshuls ; B| Orators; Officers of tho M. W. Grand Lodge A. 1*. M. of South Carolina, and Proceedings of the Inst session ; tho Board of Fire Masters ; tn Fire Engine Companies, with date of Charter nl and number of members ; Hoarc of Field Officers Fourth Brigade ; Offieers of the Calhoun Miimimont. AMni>inlinn ?.f ?*: J 1 w. inc x' n fiiieii anu Millitnry ; nn Historical Sketch of the riac and T Progress of lli<! Ladies Calhoun Monument As ji sociation ; the la-t s|>ei.>ch of J. C. Calhoun, de- j, livered in the U. S. Senate on the 4th March, 1850. 81 A cannon ball which had been recovered u from the harbor, and which is said to have t< been used in the Battle of Fort Moultrie. Pre- n eeuted by Jos. M. Eason. A case, containing a banner that had been a carried by the seamen iu the funeral process c ion in honor of CaTftoun, with the motto, "The Childreu of Old Ocean mourn him." Presented f by Ilev. Win. B. Yates. Ono hundred dollars in Continental coins. w A lock of Mr. Calhoun's hair, in a small case, n Presented by a member of the Ladies' Associa- p tion. tl This stone is placed in a hole prepared for it, and overlaid by the white Italian marble Blab, which is of the suine diinenfiionq am n ti.? ?> depth, it being only four inches. This slab t bears the inscription already given in our pa- g per yesterday. This corner stone and cap came from the extensive stone cutting and marble yard ofM.T. White, one of our most indefati- 1 gable Masons and citizens. d The casket containing these articles was j, presented, free of charge, by Mr. J. F. Church, of th is city, and the stone and slab and entire P works belonging thereto, were presented and executed free of charge by Mr. W. T. Whito. e 1 t A Recognized Olalm. r We ex'ract from a late number of the Co- v lumbia Guardian, the following complimentary f notice of Jos. Augustus Black, formerly of our t District, in reference to <>( ili? - gainst tho United States, which he lias be?n en- c gaged in actively prosecuting. His connection 3 with the Comptroller's Office led to the discovery of the claims, end after much time and la- f bor bestowed upon them, he has made the pro- ^ gress iudicated : v J. Augustus Black, esq., who was appointed by the Governor to go to Washington, to present a claim of long stand which tho State has. 8 against the Federal Government for advances e made during tho war in 1812, has returned to t this city. n Wo are gratified to learn that through the 0 indefatigable exertions of Mr. Black the claim , was inserted in the Miscellaneous Appropriat.inn Rill nnH nnaaml tl>n K?? ? f rt 33 to 19. The claim whs agreed to by the d House committee and would have undoubtedly ^ been also passed by that body, had not the Secretary of the Treasury notified the Committee that iho State of tl Treasury would not ad- ft mit of any Appropriations save thoso actually necessary for the support of the Gove nment. ^ There is little doubt, but it will be admitted uext session, l Great pruiso is due to Mr. Black for tho tal- a ent, research and industry he has manifested c in prosecuting this important claim. .... I A Washington corre?pondent of the New York v Post leAi-ns that Mr. Comstock, agent for Col- lins and Co., has returned froin Europe, and has contracted with tho French government, or 1 with parties in France, for the sale of the three e Collins steamers for tho sum of $1,600,000. t St. Louis, July 1.?A despatch from Leaven- r worth, <l?ted tho 28th ult., received by United j, oimert express io Kooncvuie, snvs that there .is a well grounded report in circulation to t&e 8 effect thnt Governor Denver vacating the gu- v bernatorial chair soon after the election in AUr a gust next. The reasons which have prompted c thiB step arc not stated. New Orleans, June 29.?An examination ol j. the wound received by Mr. Gibbons in the dud with llnnlon, shows it will prove fatal, the baty' ' having taken effect in his lungs. j f We bnyo ha-1 delightful showers of rain re- ^ eently?learn that the crops are in a flourishing I condition, and tho health ofthe District exceed- t ingly good.?Barnwell Sentinel. ^ "Cuffi'e, is that the second bell I" "No, mas- t en, dat's the sccond ringing ob de fuss bell. We j habn't got po second bell in dm hotel." ? , ? t t A Cotton Fa}?.?Thomas Oliver, of Yaaoo City, Miss,, basinvented and patented a machine for eleaneiner Cotton, which h? rWicr- I . ?? ?"?D " nates a "Cotton Fan," and which is described by the Scientiiio American thus : Machines for Cleaning Cotton.?Thomas Oliver, of Yazoo City, Miss. : I claim the arraneemeet of the toothed rollers, a b c d and e, the guides h and a, and toothed' carrying apron, F. canstrufted and operating together in the manner and for the purpose specified* "This invention consists in the employment of a series of toothed rollers and a fan so arranged that the cotton is loosened and i(a fibres separated one frpm the otber, so as to "lighten up" the mass, and detaclior loosen the drift and other foreign substances from it The cotton beiog discharged in a thin layer or sheet, lo w to be effectually operated upon by the fan, the blast separating tn* dnst and other light impurities frojn the cotton. The in .V....VU Miov wuaiDM iu Iioiug IU cuuueotiuu with the toothed rollers and fan, a toothed 1 endleu apron arraogod relatively with a guide t board, whereby hoiks and other foreign sub- f stances, which the cotton may contain, and which are too he<i\yto be acted upon by the < blasts, are seprrated from tba cotton." The wheat crop in this District, we learn <c from all sources, bail faUin considerably abort J of an average, one. In aomo aeetions pot h mare than half a yield baa be*n realise^. The, . jj Oat crop is entirely rained by 'the rwfc- Sk?> w ffLT *22 t & - NVU, HUU II (CrUWIDE JU119 IT A* Pfiuwuyo "I 1 th<i fcooMtof irtjai^ *?beit H Sh*r v?Lii om?thit* or?r 48 barf.. ^ l ,Te<?htit??aon ibe^^nXnf S6 boX J mms&si&s [FOR TUE INDEPENDENT FBE8S-] b Observation, versus," Speculation. e tl >e other day v? received from our Reverend id much esteemed Friend "II." of the Due est Telescope, an article captioned, "Gcolo- e cal Speculations." We prcsutno this was e nt for our epooial notice. I four friend had f ised his speculations, upon deep scrutinising plorations of the strata of the earth's crust, 1 id from patient investigation of what is thcro ' corded in stony tables, we should Imvo no 11 ijections to brcukiug a lance or two with ui. The "speculations," gives a quietus to all loloeicul investiimliona ?nlv?o flio Iimhlom nf 11 0 ago of fossiliferous rocks, and claims for all c cks tlio condition of original crcation, with me small qualification of chancc9 of being ^ hanged by Earthquakes, Floods, and volcac, or internal fires." Prcndauiic croation of " 1 minis, and plants, is scoutcd away and the 11 me of creation, ol man, animal*, plants, and '' io world ,'set in duo chronological order as iving occurred Five Thousand Eight hundred >d sixty-two years, and six days ago. This locks small frv-goologista, like ourself into hat printers call "pyc." But knock-dswn icculations based upon neither postulate, hyjthesis or theory, have hardly weight enough i keel) us down, smiill ? ? w<? nr?. on ? ? r> again, making a eland point, on the two unt Books ol nature and revelation. "We have 1 abiding Faith in both, believing both emaited from the same Almighty author. What we ean by the Book of nature, is the Universe, i revealed to our senses, embracing the fattest stellar orb, and the miautest molecule iat cotnes under our observation on this Globe. 0 understand the laws that govern matter lorgantc, and organic, whether in particles or 1 masses, living being, plant and animal, confutes natural science, or in other words natral history. Cuvier has said, "Natural his r.j, una a |jiiuti|?iuuu wniuu 10 reason." uut ot bo with Revelation. It dewauds otir faith, ud is above our reason, or at least, this is a onclusion we have long since arrived at. Revelation, tells us, ' That in the beginning, !od created the Heaven's, and the Earth." But rhen that beginning was, is beyond the finite lind to calculate, should we apply tko utmost owers of reason, every figure of thought, and he nicest guage of mathematical science, reason, bought, inutheinatics nnd all earthly knowldge would fail to solve the problem, of when, he scheme of creation began. Geologists are atisflod with revelation, and accept the fact, bat the whole cosmos, had a "beginning.'' 'hey arc satisfied too that serial creation, and estruction have followed each other, repeatedy, before man, and the contempory fauna, apieared on the earth. Science in her researches , has clearly unfoldd tho fact, that animals, and plants peopled he earth, for an indefinite period, nud then erished by some sudden catastrophe ; this ^as followed by another creation, differing in urm but maintaining the same general types r hese two disappeared, under some mighty conulsive force, and were replaced, by another reation of new forms. Thus we have Primary, econdary, and Tertiary, Periods, the remains f which, lie buried in the crust of tlia earth, rom the mountain pile, or lie scattered over he surface. In all, man, or his works are nowhere to be found. These things are chisseled deep in the rocks, tand eut in bold relief in the mountain, and mboss ocean's, deep caverns, claiming an aniquity, for their existence, far back in the ightoftiuie. If our esteemed Friend II., would xnmino those medals of creation, he would, here read the fact, that the fauna, And flora, i:?v? 1? ? A- ? .muvuuu iudoiiiiciuuo luuhb, ur HI1UH, UTB ifferent, from Ihc fauna], and floral forms, now i existence ; were these rocks Post Adamic ttis would not be so ; all humau chronology n)le before tlie fossil skeleton of thai huge, nunian, or the teeth and vertobra of the gignnic squalidae, (ancient fish.) The rocks, and ite com, ana mo boring9 ot a thousand feet, re all in league, with revelation, to point to reation, as an eternal acheino, which commen ed at the far back mysterious "Beginning." Jut when that "beginning" va.', when the heaens and the earth, with the stellar orbs, that [11 eternal space, (millions of them so distant bat their light has never reached the human TO.) were created aro mrttoriu that h/>lnncr in he wondrous Creation ; nor can man, with ilia easoning, calculating brain, fashione J by the iand of God, and breathed into by hissoul;iving breath, ever unravel the mysteries, of rlien, Creation began , or how, it was achieved ; cicnce is impotout to enter into tho hidden ounsels of Jehovah. Our friund's "speculaions" about tho age of fossilifcrous rocks crum>le into airy nothings in presence of that rock, roni the Cumberland Mountains, or tho stone orest that lies but a few feet undor the stirace of Barnwell District. The fossil forms lero presented elaughtor all theories in favor >f Po'-t Adnmic formation ; these forms are nov'.iere to be found in the fauna, and flora of ho present would, of living being. We readiy admit the forces spoken of, producing changes on the surfaco of the earth ; moving waters ire doing their work, but it is comparatively l,.rr? T? ?:n: r ?- j: IV n . AU UUUJU mac lUHIIUUS VI VCOrO tu UIU' >lace one. continent, by carrying the materials nto the depths of the ocoan. We have no tviduDce of volcanic forces being of euch magtitudo as to submerge a continent, and elevate .he oceans deep bed into tho cloud towering nountain range, since the advent of man, on he earth. Yet our observation tells us, this itate of things, has occurred, and that to such tn extent, as to cause the destruction of all life >q the surface of the Globe. This is what ^eulogy means when it declares that periods >f creotian succeeded each other, in slow sod iOlemn majesty ; each successive period, usherng in a higher, and yet highier scene of exia;enc? ; apparently at preliminary to the introluction of man. Fish, Reptiles, Birds and majm- 1 niferous quadrupeds, have ?U reigned.itl ttyiirurn, for untold ages, and many of the^Wi^ ' orms, tbat are no longer found among ..the >resent living fauna. Startling a?Hm*y appear. the crust of the girth is oow tbe oharnel house, of successive restlon'e, that bare lired f>nd.d^d, *'nc? aysterioys ''beginning.'' Th? Mountain pile 1 i oft?n but the super imposed, toraba of the e*d. fit coal that wafins as, it but, th? o?roofzeddesdl Otology declares albo, that fljtranccealro creation shows as elevation in trsjailaofbfganiMtioaiap to tha tkoe, whan baVst creative *at bM$<fc>frain the throa# of ^ofiternaJ, wb^^ mao^tb'e tjp# of oreation ?p. *arad;and,the mora* gover^'e'otjtfjfckl Mt 40/on this "Earth. Revelation diictaree er?afon Ws&ISHit tnoi, wm ereaWd '; OtoAogfr tjk the una for there ia no eVld?no* idcmte ereatioo. " ? -- iittf/JVit ?; Tie reoorda of Jehovah'* w<Wl| M<t hi* rondrous worki, truthfully hartnorrtkaf Tb?oloSd^hfad' the o$?r, yet th'e two remain 'foe wune j: w *W? r?M4?fl^ rain, he?will find that he is of necessity fored to bate the conclusions that regulate all his uouguu, on suasiDie phenomena ; he reasons rooi effect to cause, and from cause to effect ; very motiou of hid mind is brought about by xlcrnal things acting on his sense surfaces of elation, ..o observes compares reasons and udgos from these sen so impressions and we hink legitimately, too from the fact, that it ia minded on his own menial constitution ; where nan undertakes to reason, without a bate of he above kind, ho but flounders in the dark^ iccomcs wretched, timid and superstitious ; we nust see, examine, observe, and reason, on ven fosHiliferous rocks, and then by careful omparison, wo may be capable of approxima* ing truth ; without this all "upoculations on icology are but a dream ; our examinations of lature, and our readings of Revelation, bring is to the following conclusions, (we may havo nistaken bolh,) Calculating, reasoning man fall# back, Upon a time, when nothing did exist In the vast extended domain ofspace, But the one, Almighty, Eternal God. "In tho beginning'ircads the sacred word, "God created tho heavens and the earth At first a void, lawless chaotic mnss, Aud then to order culled by his will. Ready forces at his command obey And all is action in tho vast result. Inswnsate laws, chemical, mechanic auq electric, play tbeir respective parts Allotted, iii the grand schemo of nature. Again the creative fiat was heard, Commanding the waters to teom with life. Of both vegetable, and animal Shelly tribes and radiate forms appear. Strange fish tenanted now, the doep blue sea In all the prido of natatory life, Forming n dynasty in Creation Which for countless ages bo remranod. vi vuti ? v; unci gy , in oyuviij Sent out the fiat, thro'the earths wide space. And huge reptiles cama forth at thecommand Of Him, who said "let the earth bring forth" Such living creaturcn, as my will ordaina Ages, on nges, rolled in time. Marking the reign of reptile dynasty. WU.. arrnin P.n.1 on.it UC. J-i Warm blood oviparous birds appear, To teuanttlie air with their living forms And warble praises to crentioos Lord. Theae two bad a reign, of untold ages, Showing creations elevating plan. rrom simplest to most complex torma ot lito Whose fossil bones, evidcnco al 1 around. The world now fit, for higher types of lifa God said, "let the beasts of the earth coma forth, At once were flashed into existence Carnivorous mammalx, with an array. Of all other, forms of hestinl lif? Then unfolds tbe plan of man's crcation "God said, let us make man iu our image. In bis own image created he him Both, male, aud female, created he Ihom. "God blessed them, and bade tliem multiply" Giving them dominion over the earth And all created things, that is therein, And then, God's moral government began. Thus ends creations eventful story. We would say to the author of "speculations on geology," we have not jumped at conclusions, but have been trying, patiently to spell out, the hyeroglypbicB of nature's great book ; we shall say no more on the subject, bufchopo if we are wrong friend II., will prove it to us, by facts, and not "speculationB."?Chinquepiu Ridge. Juno 18th 1858. OLD FOSSIL. South Caholina Senators.?General McQueen, Judge Withers and Ex-Governor J. H. Adams have been proposed by the South Carolina papers for the vacant senatorship. They are all able uien. We notice, also, that Hon. W.-W. Boyce has.declined the honor. The admirable report on Retrenchment has placed Mr. Boyce in the front rank of statesmen. South Carolina has always been ably represented in the ScDate, but with Hammond and Boj'ce in the next Congress, all former delega> tiona (with one exception) would be ecliyaed. We hope Mr. Boyce will be choson to the position in spite of his declination. MARKETS. COLUMBIA.?Cotton.?There was a little cotton sold, yesterday, wliich was freely taken at prices tending in favor of sellers. Somo fancy samples were taken at 11 81-1000. CONSIGNEES. The following persona have. freight in the Depot at Abbeville :? John Corbott, T A Hoyt, J M Hopkins, J F Marshall, J M Perrio, HSKerr, Mrs D Hughey, T C Ferrin, H A Jones, J W Jones, LC Haskell, W A A R E Gaines, H T Lyon, E Wedtfield, J D Chalmers, Mrs Mary Ann Glover, James Norwood, H S Cason, Col J A Calltoan. Cobb Hunter & Co, John Enright, J <& R J White, J McBryde. TV T> OAVTVT Y?XT A 1/. IV. OVil XJXMU A , Ag ? IT MAY NOT BE GENERAL#!' KNOWN that the Liver Invigoralor, whose reputation has become so great, it one of the very best remedies for tho prevailing epidemio of Diarrhoea, Dysentary and Summer Complaint* thai so regularly visit our neighborhood at thia aea? son of the year, We ad v iie all as soon as they "are attached with any of these complaint* to get a bottle of Dr. Saaford'a Liver Invigorator immediate, for we have so often tried it with scarce a single failure to cure that we can unhesitatingtarap. nouDco it the sa feet and surest remedy we mow of for those diseases, either in adults or chil1. dren. Eating summer fruits often producesde rangement tff the stomach and bowel*, with * tendency to Cholera, Cholera Infinitum and other distressing complaints, all of whieh will be ahnoat in^p?diat?hr relieted by tha A* of the frivigorolor, wWin oltfuiaatf arfd purifiaa,th? system, giving vigor to the appetit#, nlitvbg igdigMtion ?pd vouraefjC^f stomach. lad.biut equaled as et preven tivtfofFever and agne. ** ' ' Jh/faftftftr (frnfinjft Sold by?U rapecUble Dmggiata. #?ii >!>, July Cth MM , ? g? 9,.^ | \ ' riNfi HottSWi. rf^HE 3aba?rib?r? will b? at Abbavillo C,. H., X on 8*10-Day la Augtm, wjth* tth& nam. bar of ir:-fir** Pine Saddle aad Haiiu*# jwrtMjjg J?ly *. If*, ft J ^ j .