The independent press. (Abbeville C.H., S.C.) 1853-1860, June 11, 1858, Image 2
Debate In the Senate ? British Outrages.
Washington JIny '20.?On motion of Mis Se.
ward. (op|>.) of W.'Y., the thourtmd extra, copies
of the resolutions of'tlic Coiftmillco on
liritish AggrlSdione were ordered 'to he priu?,
tod. Annexed are-the resolutions freferred.to.:?
Resolved, That Amerienu aliips nt .8*n uuilcr
Hie Amerienu ilag remain under tlie jilfisdietion
of the countiy to which they belong, and
therefore that mi J' visitation or molestation isj.
infrnctiou of'tho sovereignty of - the' United
81?top.
Resolved, That three aggressions demand !
null an unequivocal explanation from Great
ISritnin as slnill prevent their recurrence forever
iu the future.
Resolved, That the committee approves of
the action-of the Executive,?nd are prepared
to rccontfncnd such future, legislation as circumstances
may require. .
Mr.?ilason, (adni.) of Vs., spoke on the resolutions,
showing that international law recog
nizes bo right of viw^tion in time of peace;
and in time'of war Mly concedes it to tie extent
of preventing ^tt^ of-conlrabiMd .of war.
rie ciicu nf mnoriucs .ruage Story sad Lord
Stowell .Bliowiup tli'nt no armed sliip of any
& nation haft (lie right to t?tfop, visit of bo^rd, for
any purpose, and that ships oc tlionen.nre .not
*bouud to lay to or" wait. 'Tlie resolutions indicate
no more than tlihl the'time lias .opeurircd
when this must be settled at.onCe^ijnd. ftircver,
?nd it is to be hoped (hat it mny.be immediately
settled by the l^xecutlvo. .i/flicro is every
reason why-it. should bo, and none why-it
should nut be. Angry feclFUxgaand
reprisals cannot but h r i n g t li o 'two
eouutrios into collision but whether or
not, the nature of tho iiidigniliea.nvd such that
the American people can no longer permit
them. .-* Mr.
Mallory, (ad.) of fin,, proposed an amendment,
that American people cannot peftfrit
such oggressions, and therefore legislate to enable
the Executive to adopt measures at once
IHV VVIIblUlinUUU Ul BUUH IllUlgUIHW. I
Mr; Mallory, although recogjiiziitg that the |
mission of tho Ulifted .States and England
hould'be for the jyesci-ration of peace, he
could notsacrifive the rights or honor of-the
country to any issue whatever. lie could not
consider that this silceession oMcfutrages "was
the mere act of individual naval officers. They
owcre owing, doubtless, to the orders of the
English "Admiral at-Jamaica, who in turn had
received.ojjeis from his government. - It was
a suspicious iircumstancc that these outrages
commenced immediately after the refusal by
lhis;?gVtirnm<tnt of certain demands made by
England, respecting the slave trade/
ilr?na!e,i(?pp.) of N. II.,moved to amend
the amendment to the effect that the acts *of'j
the British are" beligercnC,in character, and
should be resisted by nil the power of the coun^
try. lie cons id"-1- T '?? nct6 of tho British
J*? should be *>.1> .jid not l?v* nrgUments.
Mr. Ma) IreV his nuienduient in
avor.of;l*i. S*. - +
Jlr.Tooi.. ..- ii.) ofGn. was in favor of
Mr. Hale's amendment, dnd further that the
British- war strips in the Gulf should bo seized
?n.d'.brouglit:to Qur own .ports or sunk, and
that >ve should be.satisfied with nothing short
''of
vMcse&^w'^rd, Douglas, Ilayjie and Wilson
next followed m-.very belligerent speeches.
? - / -f \ Washington*. May 31.
debate on the british aggressions.
The resolutions on the subject of British nggressions'wcre
considered;
Mr. Toombs, (adm.) of Ga, repeated his remark
of Saturday^ that he wanted the British
ships ^takeo?;~^rh;e resolutions are not worth
the paper, theyyire written on. , ,.
Mr. Kammoi^d, (adm.) of S. C., disagreed
with tlie Seuatbrifjom Georgia. lie was not
willing ti>"be smuggled into a war by an anjendmenVto
an amendment. If the British
pcU'vSre.bTelif^orent,let us throw, with all due
solemnity, the;bloody spear. If we must hive
war, letu> dfclare^wur after dignified consideration.
A war with England will be thG most
momentous crent that has happened inJthe past
three contvivies?perhaps in all time past. Perhaps
hostilities with England'jire, sooner of
later, inevitable, and when it should come he
believed England, would be rushingon her fate.
Iiet us avjiil ourselves of the chance afforded
bylheSe resolutions to avoid, until it be. forced
on lis,. all. events, wlrch,' whenever it occurs,
will ahnfig'c.the face of human afTnirs.
M. trittenden, (bpp.) of ICv.. also snoke in.a
conservative tone, in askiqg tjie Senate to do
nothing riielily, but "to proceed witli-finh and _
determined, *but cautious steps. ^ Tlie resolution?
of tlj&Xpmmittec on foreign Afiair6 ore
sufficient to^express the sofitimeota of.^the Anicrican
peaple, and it would be unworthy of
both great nntionsjto, indulge in quarrelsome
actions. Let England he informed, that vrelrequire
rcpaiatiob.-and if it.be refused, we Lave
than a right to^ stand on our-owjigVotinds. lie
agreed withsMr. TomhsJ'thgpwfi cannot assent (
to discuss thVfright ofVieitation or search.?It
would beiih]jvoithy:pf tnisgcrvernment to en.ter-into
any discussion. oq_tltet..aubj6ot.' We
have to deal With aeta'onljv aifd requinS.'EngHSnd
to cKsftvowHheru and/pi-JjejJ^..
^ Mr. Wil?on,_(ojm) of wmm ving reco'neidfefed
his'amendment, said'it Vas not jn order,
inasmuch as it "proposed .to confer vpower
on the President by tlie^vpto ofoijift hotise.ojply.
He thereforo*vithdf^?ft^but'1ioped ;Hliat prV
Hert hsil bcen.mrpiMfMMCtti A?v?ni? tVi ?'
D- * ?a?"r 3>";"y vmw?aV wro I
^7^?e556g J
Mr. Mpllory^ (adiri.y vof *Fla.,ttlibnVmov?d ft
joint resolutioijftlinL tUe..President bdVtfuihar
? ized to'iirrost the. out rages at once. '
_ ; Mr. Koi tt's Speech. '
SKaitt has rpjcntl^;4eli?re1Jan.cloquent
- "Fpeech in'the Houa^^f.^epreeen'utj^s on* Ihc
Slavery*qiication* df which thd^Juereifry in
publishing . aa axtract- makes the following
.$'ompi ripc n tary.n o ticeV _/
^ W'e'selj iu tjie Washington . GJ^be, a speech
o|^o,(it dtBti ngjJi?1 rtd RepECSent^tirc, Mr.^Keitt^
orj the'tmhj'cct of.SIVverVniWfendiiig.it ibyts ret;
l?giou^8pcctijpanij' viftdicatirffj Itafr^bmTefai
witlMjjJth* flffe ' old and ue wralj^tjbjK^of "the
Bible.. Ohcpycgpjbe sperfte& could 'not bay*',
fipectedj^otyincfcany ^f.' oor Nortlieift peopItf"of-llfo
^J^S3Ue*s or benefits df .sjaVery.ror
disarm th^ pCjadtionaljho^tihCy.'-itoheV were
<AnT^el&i^'^hli^qucstTon of siin'.the1
tpolitipsJ)tr, ^s1 not, jn'i'feljfti religio'tfs
<H^. Iif is' a quest iorftf>f npjitidal pqw.er b'e*r
tOefn MK<tgom)t ^nd iricoSsiatSht systSiw: tfT
social poIit^iyNWis tt rt-iflera questffui tHVtftrea
??n;mfglit aSWe. lire a aw fftoy?rned
mortWiheir raul<$Al?i) ihe'ity'dbyDy Apffldft
ft tilt To atfo* th^W&klk? of
can iyjalyly bo df usaM^ ajprv<ypjp?t
tht*Bodl6e>n -ipcoplf, ta .pptttfcm at peace ,w itb.
THE INIXE^PDENT. PRESS
18 1'ublihiikd evkry< friday uornino by
, 'liEE & WIXjSOH.
W. A. IjEE/;*-? - - - - - - Editor
* fndividtMli, like nation*, fail in nothing \ehic)
they bolfily attempt, when nutained 6y virtnow
purpOtie, am'determinedretolution.?Henry Clay
! ' Willing to praise, yet -yet afraid to blame."
Terms?Two Dollars a ?fear, in Advance,
ABBEVILLE O. H."~
FRIDAY, JUNE 11, 1858.
iQo uourt ox uqauy.
The June Sittings of our Court of Equity will
commence on Monday next-Chancellor ; Wardlaw
presiding. Thera is a good large amount
of business pending.
We direct attention to <ihe Communication
of our Correspondent' " China Grove " whose
suggestions we are* very much disposed to approve
|>nd trust that they will elioit a discussion,
in which we should Dot object to participating.
? ? .
Major's Election.
We direct the attention to the election for
Major of the Abbeville SquadroD, on the 2d Ju
ij uc*b , aiou iu uic umici auvciuaciucuwo
which appear in our present issue.
Exchanges.
Tlx Pendleton ifetsenger.?We omitted to
notice in our last issue the reception of the 6rst
number of this neatly printed Journal. It is
edited by Mr. Edward Symmes, who in his well
written salutatory, announces his devotion to
(lie Rights of the Stutes and hia adherence to
the Democracy, only as far as it is consistent
with these. We extend to him our best wishes.
The Farmer in Planter.?We regret to learn
from the last number of this valuable Journal,
that its present patronge is not sufficient to
sustain the work. It is published at Pendleton,
S.. C, by Msj. Geo. Seaborn, and deserves
a general patronage. Could not the various
Agricultural Societies of the State do something
to extend its circulation I
The Abbeville Thespian Corps.
This popular young Corps gave another of
their agreeable performances on Monday Evening
last, to. a large and attentive audience.
The entertainment commenced with the pleasing
Comedy "A Phenomenon in a Smock
Frock," designed to illustrate the necessity, ol
excrcisiug some discretion even in Ulliug the
truth, and abounding in many happy hits.?
The characters were well sustained, and th<
interest of the piece was well maintained.
" Box and Cox," seems like the juice of th<
grnpe to improve with age, and to be better
appreciated at each repetition, The interest
of the piecc was heightened by the very laughable
sequel which closed the performances ol
the Evening.
The Thespians will resume their performanccs
at the Williamston Springs, where we in*
voke for them a liberal patronage.
Operation's at the Mint.
The deposits at the United States Mint in
Philadelphia, during tKe month of May, consis'
ted of $343,400 in gold, and $206,590 in silver.
The number of old cents received in exchange
for the new were equal to $3,970?making tlx
ttttal deposits for the month $558,060. Th?
gold coinagq/for the same time was'$338,180
in double eagles,.qn<I $12,291 in gold dollars?
in all $351,471. The silver coinage was $18,'
000 in-half dollar?:$l 69,000 in quarters, and
$S4,000 in half dimes, besides $6,720 in thffec
cent pieces?in all $249,720. There were coined
during the month 2,200,000 cents, of th<
value of $22,000.
High Price of Negroes.
The Cassville Standard says :?"On Tuesday
last, (sale day); tRe negroes belonging to the
estate of John Russell, deceased, was sold to
the highest bidder. One man about. 20 yean
old, sold for $1,404. One 22 years old $1,300.
Negro woman and two children $1,460. Boy
6 years, over. $500. Girl 7 years old, over
$800. Coy 12 years old $1000. Girl 13 veara
old, $1,101. The restoftho negroes sold for
prices corresponding with tho above. Terms
8 months; with interest from date.
"This salo does not look like the citizens oi
our country were much afraid of the inroads
of northern fanaticism."
? ?
Th? French Navjr.
The Ffrench naval construction^ are now being
pushed with such rapidity that in the
course of-next year, it^isexpected to haye afloat
a fleet of war steamers. Their eapacity
^ill be thus divided Ships of the line 85
f20 will be constructed thisyear and 9 of the*?
will be of a speed beyond anything in the English
navy, frigates 48, corvetts 40, sloops ol
the first class SO. >
, 1 ?
The Gulf of M?xico.
The Editor of the Richmond South, Id a letter
to hij^.paper/rpi^^ajhington^*?ix? "the
truth is^it is time the United States were ap
propritttiog tht Oulf-of^lexioo. In- virtue J6l
loptJity.'it U en Americfib^k^^frd the Ootormnont
should so regard it- 'OoV juit claim
to the sovereignty Of tliia inland sea, greatly aggravates
the audacity o'f the attempt on the
part of Great^tlt^in jtow&.of ' P?;
* :%to?Coart is Mtoton. .
T? "1 1- -
" ?"{?w'?W??ioiiowing puragrapn in
thq
^oldio^tlfe Court in .Charleston, i? apareing
nOTjoHiti^ia.hS-. dispaUh #
lD'
< Resumption to-day of the South Carolina
Banks.
Tiio suspended Banks ofthiscity fays the/Evening
JVew* of the 8 inst., quietly resumed spe.
cie payments this morning.
, The uotes of the suspended country Banks
i are now and will be redeemed by their correspondent
Banks here, which mskes the resumption
general throughout the State.
This wise and anticipatory movement was at
the instance of the Bank of the State of South
Carolina, the private Banks promptly concurring.
The Charleston Mercury.
We learn from a late uumber of this leading
Journal, that the partnership between Messrs.
John Heart an? it. B. Rhett Jr^-basbeen dissolved,
and that MfT Rhett has bi&omc the sole Edi
tor and Proprietor. Mr. Heart retires after a
service of eleven yenrsy^jo a neat and touching
valedictory, characterized by his accustomed
ease and felioitv of expression. The character
of Mr. Rbett is a sufficient guarantee of his a- 1
bility to sustain the reputation of the paper. 1
-* - '''
The Weather and Crops. - 1
We have been visited during the past week '
with several refreshing rains which have been '
very beneficial to to vegetation generally.? 1
Our farmers are now in the midst of the wheat
harvest, which though somewhat affected by 1
the rust-, will furnish a very good yield. Indeed
tho wheat crop generally will be a large '
one. A Georgia exchange imfortns us that 1
new wheat is selling for 65 cents per bushel. 1
whilst the old commands no price. The oats in
some portions of the District has been ruined
by the rust; the corn and cotton is general!v
promising.
Literary Notices. 1
The Edinburg for April has been received,
nnd though peril ftps no single article,
will compare with several in the London
Qut?rt?rly, ^^Westminster, in elaborate research,
yet it presents a varied and attractive
miscellany, discussing the various questions of
the day, in literature, politics, and art, as uone
but the practised writor can discuss them.
Among other able articles, it contains an interesting
Review of the Speeches of Lord
Brougham, the Lawyer, the Statesman, the
Philanthropist and the man of Letters; who iu
P the course of a long lifetime has been working
| in almost every field of labor; and who now
in his old age retains his vigor and activity of
intellect, and prosecutes the work of Reform
with all the enthusiasm of youth. The Review
thinks that the Eloquenco of the Bar and
1 Senate is at a low ebb, and attribu tes it to the
fact* that men oannot believe that Oratory is
an art, but fancy that like Dogberry's reading
and writing it comes by nature. Lord>
Brougham's example, should forever set at rest
this false notion; emulating as he has do ne, the
immense labor of Demosthenes, and often com
mittiag to writiog beforehand, the finest passages
in bis own speeches. The writer assigns
the higher standard of oratory to the House of
Lords; numbering among its members such
men aa^Lords Lyndhuret, Derby, Brougham,
. Ellenboroagh and others; and in this respeot,- wa
suppose it bears the same relation to tho Com,
mono,' that our Senate does to the Popular
, Branch. The article upon Edgar A. Poe, " out
Griswolda, Oriswold," and " adds another pang
to tbe sting of death," as Lord Brougham, soi'd
of Lord Campbell'a Lives of the Chancollors.
I The Eclectic Magazine contains a fine portrait
( of tbo late General Havelock', tbe patriot soldier
and Christian hero. The literary attrac|
tions are as varied as usual.
Oropa.
Mr. Anderson Ivester sends us, says tbe Pick'
ens Courier a few stalks of Rye, measuring >ei
Ten inches in length. The rye was grown without
the aid of manure, on our Pickens lands,
i Mr. I. has good lands, ?and well understands
how to nmlrA nrnilnn.
^
Nrw Wheat.?The first regular transaction^ j;
in Dew wheat (says the Augusta Dispatch) that
we have heard of was the purchase of the crop
of Mr. Butler, of Edgefield District, .by* Lewis J
& Allen, at $1.10, to be delivered this week-. ' *
Thb Cotton Crop.?The crops generally in
this community arc rather backward for the
season. The cotton - cron is particularly. so. .
The weathtr has up. Uf tnis time heen very unfavorable
for the healthy and. vigorous growth
of t^^sotton plant, and it is even yet'small J
Ish fa si&o and appearance. WeJiave-l-,
however, seen a few squares from the planta
tion of Mr, Wtn.Y. Westbre^&of this aistrict, |
and hate hearc^of some others. ' Butwe 'are ;
persuaded this-is by no means ? common .thing
?the exception rather than generaljJttile.
But as th^Masons are now becoming more.pro- ,
pitious and favorable, we may. still eipect' a .
fair crop.?Charleston Standard. |
Tac Vbiat Cur.?We ' have taken softie ,
pains to. iiiduire/dnrine a week Dast. as totha- L
prospectof'the wheatcrop in o.br District, and '
from *11 we can learn, the yield is expected to .
be considerably shor^of ap ararage crop. The >J
col& weatber apring the spring hn? msae the
straw ver?. short, and the head* light an J ch afTTie
rust,we are infonntti, .has ,
one little injury,bein? almost whoTJ^JSonflned^ ~
' tothe *talk. Maoy pfour Jafraers itfthe 'Icrw r
part ofthe District are, however, harvesting
. j>Kui week, aiid will soon be able to etp^ik definitely
on the subject. . ' . " i
?' -1 '
Beprot^poieUes In Franoe.
The Paris correspondent,Orleans
ricatjunt, in a recent letier, sa^s :
P "WpTT?/
1 Ir^ii frl^^^^SgjQE&.^^Htfi^EJBHE^SL^! i *'l
hwui ^j^<;i^^lifcMWaliHB>VlHfl
IpwDwffMM^q<WggWBW^^WWP%: * jLfl
'V**'
' ' ** ' t
Our National Defences.
The Washington Union, presents a striking
view of tlio weakness of our Nationol defences
and their gross insufficiency in the event of u
war.
At tlie opening of the present Session of Congress,
an increase of tho Army and Navy, was
urged by the resiMctiveSecretaries, and recommended
by the President ; but instead of the
fire regiments required by the War Department,
three regiments only of Militia have
been granted by Congress : and instead of the
ten email but effective steam vessels, asked for,
by the Navy Department, a bill is still under
discussion in Congress for the construction of
only a half dozen sloops. To repel the rccent.
outrages in the Gulf, the Administration acted
with commendable promptness, in dispatching
it whole available force, but exhausting it
whole power, it can send thoro only a force of
139 guns, to cope with u British force numbering.
357 guns.
Our coast defences aro in an unpromising
condition, and the Mormon War has denuded
the Atlantic Seaboard, of n force sufficient to
near the guns of its fortifications. The whole
coast from Maine to Texas, is guarded by a
force of only 800 men ; whilst to protect the
ten thousand miles of Western frontier, nnd to
reduce the rebellion of ten thousand Mormans,
we have a force of less than thirteen thousand
men.
The effective force of the Navy, is not great
er, man u was twenty years ago, ninl the army
has been increased only to the extent of a
few regiments. Yet from IS 10 to 1850, the
population of the country lias increased more
than ten million*, the territorial area has been
early doubled ; and seven now States have
been added to the Union.
From a detailed statement which is given in
the Union, it appears, that our whole effective
naval forco iniast. of war would be only about
42 vessels, sail dpd steatn carrying 786 guns ;
whilst Great Britain without decreasing the
strength of her fleets on other stations, could
place on the Atlantic coast, SO screw Steamers
of the line, 20 screw frigatej, 10 screw sloops-,
and 150 light stean vessels. To counterbalance 1
however, these advantages, her commerce and
colonies would suffer from the attacks of our
privateers.
The Theological Seminary.
The Commencement exercises of the Coluuii.:~
m ii u ? ? ?
uiu xuvuiugicui oeiiiiuary iouk place oil 1 liesdoy
1st inst On the list of graduates wo observe
the name of the Rov. James A. Walker,
of our District. The Southern Prcsl/yterian
furnishes the followiug particulars :
The officers of the Board were reappointed
for another year. The Rev. W. Fly nil was
clioeen to deliver the next annual sermon before
the Board. Order was taken to hold the
services connected with the inauguration of
the Rev. J. B. Adger, I). D.t Professor of Ecclesiastical
History and Pol ty, on Tuesday evening,
the second day of the next session of the
Synod of S. C The Rev. Dr. Kirkpatriek was
appointed to deliver the oddress to the Professor,
and the Rev. Dr. E. T. Buist his alternate,
fhc Synod will mcct-al Sumter on Wednesday
the 27th October.
The Rev. W. 0. Dann, of this city, delivered
the annual sermon before the Board,"on Thuiaff*y
evening, in the Presbyterian Church, before
the largest congregation we have ever
eeeu assembled on a similar occasion in Columbia.
The sermon was an exhibit ion of the best
mothods to be taken by the defender of the
Christian faith in meolihi; the objections of infidels
and skeptics. It wns in the author's
well-known manner nnd style, aiivl received a
vote of thanks from the Hoard. At the close
of the sermon, Dr. Thornwell Addressed the
graduating class, nnd delivered certificates or
diplomas, to the following gentlemen, who had
taken the full course o'f instruction in the Sum
inary, viz: S. E. Axon and G. II. Coit, of Ga. ;
David Fairley, ofS. C.; W. F. Hull, of N. V. ;
A. R. Liddell, of Ga. ; W. F. Pearson, of S. C. ;
A. P. Smith, of Ala. ; T. E. Smith, of Ga. ; J.
A. Walker, ofS. C.
Senator Hammond on the War Question.
The Washington Qlohe furnishes the following
report of the remarks delivered by Senntor I
Hammond, and which liko everything which j
emanates from him, show his statesmanlike
views. He is disposed to regard n difficulty j
with England, as a serious question, to he discussed
with calmness nnd deliberation,-,!
and as calling for any thing else, tlinn tho in-I
tlammatory spirit, which has characterized the
ate proceedings of the Senate :
We cftnnot bring purselvcs to the belief that
there exists any real danger of a war with England.
Even if the Derby Ministry were disposed
to withhold reparation, we do not beliovetli.at
they would be sustained by the People
of&;igl?nd. War is that "game of Kings
which the people arp too wise to play at." As
it-is, the ministry have their hands full in other'quarters**
and lato despatches from India
show that Sir Colin Campbell has yet to crdBh,
the Rebellion'of Oude, which Lord Ellnnborongh's
despatch has made a task of increased'
iifficolfy.
Mr. Hammond. I wish to 8py, Mr. President
that'I differ with the honorable Senator from'
riknfAia "'T thSnl, 1- ?
, ?.?iiiun tnoi c ip IIIUCII Bll<)3I/?nCO IT)
theed re?olnJ,ioc8 ; >1 think the resolutions of
theX/onoimitee' od'.Foreign Relations hnve ta(ten
high; strong, clear, and true ground ; ?ud
ihit wi&Ms'fraintaine^ earnestly and faithfully
by, tbii Gftvefninent Km! by the country, they
?u)l aftooipplish all our ^purposes. It is Dot q
small thing to resolve that we are determined
that England shall abandon the njjht of search.
Ltlijni itf will probably tiqpg ^war. I .hardly
believe that England will abandou the right
of-eearob witbou^a war.
I jyii'not for making a declaration of w?r by
ibdJj*o?ion. IT it iu the intention of the Senate
ifitu tw> wttl of thisoonnfry, whether Werpr*
pri^ared oivnot, to go into a* war, let.us make
Bufornul declarartiogVirf war, It is ft
matter. illKnione wjth all proper
font), ftwe inteudto abandon the aucieift-.
piAi, jf we oiSltitiJhe-y|feo1a!ls" of^ihp Ro'njrtno',
and tf&ji np megsengpraffor explanation ;
Ifct'&s at leawcalrfthe blooilvfinpftp m Jim ?r>A
so 1 e rrvn t'ara noV i#H i Dg to' be1 s w o p t
rery fit& Wave of,p\ibIiu cxoitethontiQ<;
arifit a war^jn thift??tjll Irta ami wiofcfp
tb' tje smuggled fffto'it byjiu amendment to n,
j^perfinient. If we intend war let us ^"olaro
?? ^ItIo notary I am apposed-to it. We
i?rte toftr and art* pie ca??e of * [, Wo iiave
the mo?t flagrant ^insult* ; anil I r?
U?ji? and xtfjl malfe a, sdVeipn ^declaration Of
not bang, banor^ will ttie
[For TIIB INDKI'PSUKNT I'llUSi]
A Poll Tax.,
Mr. Editor: This is a subject that I would
like very much to see or heuf discusse'd throughout
tlie &tate, either by the press or the candidates
for the Legislature, or bothT "It would
1 think, equalize taxation aiwl 1 hope create n
stronger feeling of loyalty in those who pnjno
tux, vud yet enjoy the protection of " Life,
Liberty and the pursuit.' oX? happiness." Our
State and district tax ia how high and will from
necessity he still higher, if the various public
enterprises of the State are pressed on to coin
pletion; and if every nou payer over twentyone
and under forty-fivo years of ago was re
ijuireu 10 pay an auuuai lax 01 only one aoilur,
I think tins Slate could not lose by the
experiment.
I would he willing to Iry it for the next four
y.enrfr, and if every voter in fuvot^ofthe measure
would iii October next, write Pole Tax on the
back of his ticket, public opinion could be tested
in tliut simple way. What say you, gentlemen
of the press ami cand idates for the Legislature?
Speak out and let us hear from you.
China Grovk.
Affiairs in New Orleans.
Despatches from New Orleans give a sad picture
of the lawlessness and riot which prevail
in that idaee. The Citv has lonir linpn nmlm
tlic control of adominant. faction ofKnow Nothings,
who though in a numerical minority, havo
succeeded by the nid of bands of rowdjes, in
controlling the polls and carrying the elections.
The law-abiding citizens organized a Vigilance
Committee, and run an independent candidate
but they have been again beaten.
AuoUsta, Ga, June S.?The New Orleans
lection has gone for the American parly. Stith
bus been elected Mayr. There was no further
disturbance. The vote was small. The
Yigilants are still under arms. There ia great
rejoicing.
Xkw Onr.KANS, .Tune 3.?Last night the Vigt
j Innee Committee took possession of the Arsenal,
, Court*, Jackson Square, and 1'iison. To-day
the Comniiilee issued several Proclamations.?
; The True Delta says " nil Ruffian* must leave
the city or he prepared to die. Eight hundred
of the Vigilance Committee are under arms and
are making arrests in nearly every house."
At 11 o'eloek'.to-day, Mnyor Waterman ordereil
Gen. Traocy's division, and then proceeded
lo the headquarters of the Vigilance Com
miitoc and read the riot act.
The military are engaged in preparations
for a conflict, hut no conflict has yet occurred
Nkw 0ri.kan.-5, Juno -1.?The Vigilance Com^
mittee iu this city have asscftcd their suprt?tnncy
and proved triumphant. Mayor Water]
man has resigned the municipal authority over
to the Vigilance Committee. The city is now
quiot^ and crowds-have dispersed.
The Vigilnifts have appointed committees
! numbering about 1,000 to preserve order at
| the approaching election.
Mnj. Duncan late of the army, is at the head
ot tlic V igilants.
JS'ew Orleans/ Juuo 4, 10 A. M.?The excitement
increase?, and military preparations for
tho>conflict are everywhere to be seen. Old
. firearm* are being hunted up, and armed men
j are moving about, in every direction. Both
i parties are making extensive preparations,
i and a bloody conflict is anticipated before the
day is over.
The Mayor's forces are tflft?rganized, whilst,
the Vigilance Committee have appointed Maj.
Duncan, late of the Aririy, ns their commauder^
ami have been largely reinforced. They are
well organized and drilled, nnd refuse to listen
to any propositions for the restoration of harmony.
All business is suspended.
j >Jkw Out kans, June 4, 2 I'. M.?Tln> Vigilance
j Committee is composed of men of all parties,
| and it cannot, therefore, be regarded us u politj
ical movement. They have been largely rein'
forced this morning, and are countenanced by
! a large number our most responsible citizens.
Fifty men have just taken possession of CaI
nal street with two cannon, nnd are fully
! armed. This force is reported ro be organI
izedby inen who are marked by the Vigilahce
! Committee, and who dread that they will be
| llic first victims of its power.
It is now rumored that a compromise has
| been effected, and that the city authorities?
! a-^rcc to surrender twenty-five noted ruffians
| for punishment, aud that a police furceof five
hundred on each aide be swom-in. Your cori
respondent was refused adrnisaion at the City
! Hull, and no official information can be obtainI
ed. Monday next is the. municipal election
! day. and it is important that snipe settlement
should be effected beforo tbat tiiuo.
* 8tim. later.
" New Oni.EANs, Juue 4 P. M.?The,Vigilance
Committee have triumphed without bloodshed,
the Mayor having resigned the municipal authority
into their hands.
The city is. now qui^ and the crowd has
withdrawn ffom Canal-street. Tlie old police
haveSboen disbanded, and a special police %6f
one thonsnnd mefr have been appointed ))|?tlie
Vigilance Committee.
What will be the next move under the new
order_of things is diffietHt to sny, bnt it is presumed
that certain parties will receive notice
to leavo the city by the first boat. The qleetiobitakes
place on Monday. v
New a Irom Washington.
Washington .Tune 5.?The death of Htfe Hon.
J.F'lnckney Henderson, Senator from Texas,
took placft lu9t night. The Senate adjourned
today in consequence ofthi$sad evdnt.
During tho announcement in the Senate this
morning-by. the Hon , Snmudt Houston, of the
death'ojulus colleague, the old man wept like
4 child, and the scene excited unusual feeling.
* Washington, June 6.?It is understood that
"itis the desire of the President, that Congress^'
"should no't ndjourn nt too early a dtiy.'ih view
olHhe unsettled condition ofpublUf-iiffnirs.
E. K. Collins is at Washington seeking a reappropriation
for his line, with authority to
Btpp at Southampton. He claiffis $$60,000,"
principal and. interest, of hack pay. The At^
torney.Oencral has decided in f&yor nf
claim, and tl#Sfecretarjft>f War against it,*
_.v f-y
Three Days <&&ter from Europe.
. ? p r..,| ?- m H?^pw?Mvci awerHI*
rived at Halifax .this mrirping, With dates frooi
Liverpool to the 22d ultimo'.
The'..cor respond en ce betwqjp Sir James Outram
arid the Governor General of JjidiaU published,
showing coiiclu$i*<Hy that GeTiergl Outt
ran# earuesthriria slrotMjy, jrtpatested;',nst
'$h? Governor's ccuifiacaflofrpoTiey. ^
' The contract between the *.<*overnment and
tjje Atlantic Telegraph has beep signed and
scaled by both purttea^ It covers twenty-five /
years from tlip time Ute cable is successfully.'
l*j? .
Tljtf'1*1es?aph fleet had ill assetabldd'it
ttyrioiHh usnay on tla expl?riil|?utal
Brazil has cpfitMOfc&l a foUfc With tfcp*RotJn- I
ch?W*-?>r a mjllitidjand-a-hnlf pounds. Starijna
fftr 'the completion of the Dan Pedr<?'fi^lMa<?
* Piuikna TJorvnlann wfll ?Aa " ? m in rir
fcWjf VmFQb H>JU> b* f
J_KOIl Till: INIIKPK.N1IK.NT PUBIS. J
Trip to Washington American Medical
AiissciaHon?Excursion to Mt. Vernon? i
Boarded Shad Entertainment, &o.
JQp, DEPARTMENT OK TUB INTKKIOR.
The building occupied by this department,
is the most extensive and interesting of auy
other in the metropolis ; a portion of it is occupied
by the Patent Otlieo and Museum of the
National Institute. In the sfrcond story of this
building, are to be seen many valuable relies of
General Washington including his camp chest,
utensils, clothes made of Buckskin, knives
forks, ?tc., ?te.; also the original Declaration of
Independence, tfce. ; liow meager looks, the
furniture of the Father of his couutnv, when
contrasted, with the camp furniture of a General
of tho present day ; here tuny also be seen
tho nrintiiiir nrn?tt nf 11
, O , ..U.IJUIUIU I* 1IIIHI1I1 I liUUlU
this Philosopher and Statesman, revisit the
scone of his early life with what astonishment
would lie look upon otie of the mammoth
printing machines of tho present, and Lhnt too,
printing in New York, news transmitted from
New Orleans, in a few minuses of time, by the
mysterious influences of electric magnetism.
Ilerc also are Indian portraits by King, and
the vast collection in natural h istory, and human
ingenuity brougbj; homo by the Exploring
Expedition under Cftpt. Wilkes ; the mind of
the visitor, is lost in the magnitude; variety and
number of the things, in tliia vast collection of
nnture and art ; in many of the Birds there are
duplicates enough, to supply every cabinet in
the United Slates, also' many other things,
could bo so disposed of, which we muab think,
would be the proper disposition to make of these
: 1
oui |iiur> D|iwniicii?i musbui me quaurupetis ore
yet without nrtificial eyes, which robs them, of
their otherwise life-like appearance; weeks
could be 6penthere, profitably by the admirers
of nature and art. In the first story of this building
arc collected, and tastefully arranged, all
the models of machinery <tc. <fcc., from the
steam Engine down to a baby's pap-spoon, aud
every other apparatus for ornament or utility,
that the iuyentive genius of man has )*et achieved
; man seen through this vast array of
trophies of his inventive genius, looks far better,
than in the trammelled harness of fashionable
life, the foreground of which is all tinsel
and flummery. Tlie patent office reports emanate
from this department, aud every one who
has taken the trouble to examine these docu
mollis must admit their.beneficial influence on
the mechanical and agricultural interests of the
. 4l.i i - -?
wmmj , hick: umy uu cnnn oui mere laalco
some reheat.
In this department of the Interior, are the
following Bureaus, Laud Office, Patent Office,
Indian Office, and Peumon Office, in all of
which arc employed about ono hundred and
fifty clerks ; messengers and the watchmen about
twenty five. There is here a library containing
five thousand volumes. This department
increases in importance every year, ns it
has to do with the internal economy of these
fast, accumulating States of the Union. We
will endeavor next to give the reader some idea
,.r : ? -
mic mijiuriaui'e ana oujecte embrnced by
the *
smithsonian institution.
This Institution whs founded upon a bequest
of James Smilhson, an Englishman made to lie
United States, and was established by an not.
oi uongresa > ? 184j, and by this act the Prosi
dent niul Vice-President of the Uuited State?
with the members of the Cabinet Chief Justice,
Commissioner of the Patent Office and the
Mayor of Washington during their were
constituted the personal of the institution.
These are assisted by a board of Regents who
are impowered to elect a chancellor, a secre
tnry, and an executive committee. The building
is situated on a portion of the public domain
called tho Mall, some distance .beJow the
Capitol; on firstseeing it our attention' was
called, by its peculiar architectural style, ite
limn V lowers A fid
^ -- , u|ipcurnnc?;
the length of the building is four hundred and
fifty fce^ width one hundred and forty feet ;
therS are nine towers, varying in height f(om
seventy-five to one hutjdred and fifty fS&; at
the top of one of theso lowers may be seen tlve
ingenious nppnratus to. indicate the coarse,
force and velocity at the wiud, also Electric and ]
Magnetic apparatus, to aid in researches in Metcorolrtirv
Ac.
- OJ *
Prof. Joseph Henry- is Secretary; he is a
man of undoubted scientific ability, with Prof,
ttaird as assistant Secretary, who is a well
known working man in almost every departfDlftt
of natural science ; we saw another Gentleman
there, working hard among the snakes,
whose name we have forgotten ; the shely^jtiu
the professor's room.*, are filled with bottles
and jars of Reptiles, Fish (fee. Ac., from almost
every part $?bjjr own. wide extended country
and also from abroad ; these are all being worked
out, and nrfWed to be'placed in theMuseutn
of tho institution ; this Museum is intended to
representee fatlna of America and probably
oflhtr?$&rl<I; tho professors ptjbl&fr the refeulto-ofthoir
examination in all department*
of knowledge that comes before them and LhM?
worksite printed and gratutiously cent oat,
amoqJyntUj^fo ia thisjway following out tho inteotioMHSWue
doftor, which wm "to dissemiunte-icuowlodge
among mankind." *
Id oar short stay we ean hardly he expected
"to-describe accurately the interior economy, of
this fooAimoth establishment. * large
leoture rooffif, in whiofii -twelve, hundreds can
be sea^d and h&r di&tinctly the vtoioe of any;
common speaker ; the roonfrhaa *
in it, capable of oon^aipi^g & largo number <jf
persona. In thie room lectures are . .delivered;
by the promin,ent'ttitftv>?f thia itid othkr conntries,
whienHepture* we tkibk, ar6 alwaya free
to all who wish to hear them.; these l^etuffcs
are genera>1/ published iu the tranafio tio^l o'fl
tha institution and qeiit fdrfoiiRnually to the
An^erfisao peopty free oTWfC? Ute^greal^ liis
riott??t dom pie ted : it is ?ai*
When finiahed ;t <?pal be capable of hplding
|^^OQdr^d tlyfoqad
sai<?Aia?? _?
tliv donor, by publishing, and circulating many
valuable works in uuturul history, science, and
general literatnre. On our visit to the Initiation,
the Assistant Secretary Prof. Bnird prasentod
os with a number of these yaluabla
works, whiebjto us were very acccptablo, and
added to our emnll stock of knowledge, op
ninny things. This institution is a comment
on mushroom lired Known^tbingism, and all
such, political trumpery. Tlic material of th?
building is a reddidit freestone, which give* it
an aged appearance ; altogether it is a noblo
structure and to u? one of the greatest attractions
of the metropolis of our country. ,?
In ond'of the rooms of the Smithswiiam Institution,
are two aquariums marine, and fresli
water. In which ore living fish, shells, water
izzarda, eels, water plants, algeas, corals, with
their living builders, niollusoa, and radiata, ar?
seen moving about, or spreading their flower
like organisms to the sun light. In these aqua'
rums the habits of the animals can bo observed f
and studied ; the cistern is ghiss cemented into
a metalic frame work ; the bottomsvare coverod
with sand and pebbles, with smallv piles cof
Rocks and growing water plants, to keep up
limine supporting condition of tho water, for
the use of t he different animal beings that aro'
placed in the aquariums ; they are* interesting
and ornamental and to ull>wlio are blessed with
the needful, would, be pretty pets, aimuing and
I instructive, at the same time.
TO DE CONTINUED NEXT WEEK.
The Asheville Female College.
A friend has favored ui with a number of
tlio Asheville Spectator, containing the following
Report, with regard to the late Annual Examination
of tlic above flourishing Institution;
It is well written and highly interesting; ex-'
hibiting a just appreciation of the Dron*r nhi<M?i a
* w -"V""?of
an Education and a discriminating review
of the proficiency of t!ic pupils in the various
departments:
ISCl'ORT. /
The Committee appointed to witness the annual
Examination and Commencement ezercises
of Ilolston Conference Female College, respectfully
submit, the following:
The classes in the Primary department wore
examined at the College buildings, on Friday,
the 30th ult., and the progress of those young
pupils gave ample evidence that their interests
were iiot overlooked in attention to the higher
classes.
The Examination of the College classes was
opened at the Town Hall, on Monday, the 8rjl
instant, at nine o'clock, A. M., and continued,
with intervals barely sufficient for the the necessary
refreshments, until Wednesday following,
at 4 o'clock, P. M., when the degree (
" Mistress of Polite Literature " was conferred
upon twenty-six young ladies.
The Committee determine not to indulge in
Mie laudations too common on similar occasions,
nnd present such facta only 09 nre duo ta
the public and justified by the performance.
With an eye to such a report, we observed
with more tlmn ordinary patience, and we
confess with more than ordinary interest, the
entire exercises, embracing every class, every
pupil in encli class, and all the answers given
by each pupil. The question!), examples *and
problems were given to the young ladies in a
manner that-precluded the possibility of any
special arrangement for the occasion, and t!io
performance was satisfactory evidence of a
thorough knowlege of the subject. The classes
were very large, embracing History, Natural
Philosophy, Rhetoric, Natural lliator}', Chemistry.
Philosophy, Botany, Physiology, Mental
PhiloiophyyKvidence of Christianity,* Arithmetic,
Algebra, Geometry and Trigonointry;
and some of them may have,surpassed others
in their performances, yet all of them having
surpassed our highest expectations, we deem
discrimination unnecessary. Of the yonng ladies
composing the Senior Class, however, tre
may.be permitted lo say that in all their exercises
they acquitted themselves in a manner
clearly :to* entitlft them to the distinguished
nonor qontorrea upon them.
TIio Qommitten visited the Embroidery Room,
and are well satisfied that no pains have-been
spared to make that department all the patrons
of^the College could desire.
The entire exercises were interspersed with
vocal anjl instrumental music; and the Committee,
in common with a very large audieucV,
were entortained and delighted with tho performance
of tlie young ladies.
Compositions were read by the Senior and
Junior Classes, which would have reflected
honor on those of riper years, and their tone
and sentiment gave evidonco of correct moral
and religious, atjVwell as intellectual? training.
The cheerffl&bbedienCe of all the young. ]*>
dies to All the requests of their Teachers during
:tfie examination was not the least prominent"
feature of the exercises, and indicated a dsicipline
both easy, and efficient.
In fine this Committee arc well satisfied that
the course of instruction is as thorough and
profoundib this College, as that of any similar
Institution in the Countrjr, and equal to our
best male Collcgas, as farqs tho course extends.
We can, with pleasure and confidence, say
to gentlemen of the entire South who have
daughters or Wards to educate, if they will
send them to the Holston Conference Feraal*
Collecre, they will be properly cared for.
" H. G. WO?FIN, N. C.
" M. D. DICKEYVN. C.
I). T. SIMMS, N. C.
< R. A. MCKNIGHT, S. C.
?. P. MURPHY; S. C.
M. F. SLOAN, N. C.
8. A. DAYIS, N.' C.
->G. \V. PEAJfcE, S. C.
L.. C. HAY$&? TENS,
J. It. love;N. c.
A. HAM BY. if. C.' *
T. H. JOFES.'VA.
JOSIAH RIIOtON, T1LVN".
A. M. ALEXANDER, N. C. *
WM. J. ALEXANDER, VA.
Aehville, N. C., May 6th, f858.
4 i ? +?> "?*
The Slue Ridge Railroad.
The Pendleton 'Ifeuenger, of the 28th olt.,
snys: : ^ ( ,. '
"We leo'thet tti.Wpot atthia place is Awrly
completed. atid*t will he ready in ?, ?hor^ "
time for the re^ftjition of freigh,L Tliot',t>r?ojSh
?f the 3p?dO?a4u>g to Hayije'a Quorr^ ? *Tp8o
very nflmy coittjileted,- winch will anorij grew
facility .in ?oBteyihg i?(oii.e toother portion*'o#
on (be Blue Ridje
Railroad WlHnttive atiP&idleton every.
day, evening; "d^ to
return to Aagttfbh*Q. H. every Ttrt?daj%
Thursday, and SatuWay mora in gay up til
>t>er ora?^V . ^ ^ _jj '
Dr.-SANF^ftD'S LIVER
standi preeminent among mediftjgeajtt a Lfo'ey
l-eguVfttyirthftt .can be rejllcLorf
of ^iverconi plaint -'Now this!isju?t-.the>thing
SSSStS'S
3 ,T-^