The independent press. (Abbeville C.H., S.C.) 1853-1860, April 24, 1857, Image 1
*
<ar i Q? v ' c a <%ti i -^ -,
Yj jf^ ' |i l|j|>p ~S JsP 4 tU^' JJ/ fl ij>'.i^ ^| #j,DEVOTED
TO LITERATURE, THE ARTS, SCI1HCE, AGRICULTURE, HEWS, POLITICS, &C., &C.
TEHMS TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM,] "Lot it be Instilled into the Hearts of your Children that the Liberty of the Press is the Palladium of all your Rights."?Junius. [PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.VOLUME
4?NO. 51. ABBEVILLE C. II., SOUTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY MORNING, APRIL 24, 1857. WHOLE NUMBER 207
1) ATra r\-n m. tmh ?-. I.
The Proprietors of the Abbeville Banner mid I
Independent l'rcu, have established the following
rates of Advertising to bo charged iu both
parors:
Every Advertisement inserted for nlnss time
lhan three months, will be charged by the in- ;
ftertion at One Dollur per Square, (l? inch
?the space of 12 solid lines or less,) for the first
Insertion, flnd Fifty Cents for each eubse- j
tjuent insertion.
6^*" The Commissioner's, Sheriff's, Clerk's j
hnd Ordinary's Advertisements will he inserted
in both papers, ench charging half price.
C5F" Sheriff's Levies, On?> Dolllir ''neb.
Announcing a Candidate, FiVC I>oI? \
lam.
? T?_? rr> l
......H .... m, ?i (| iMMIiirS,
to be paid by the Magistrate.
Advertisements inserted for three months, or
loDgcr, at the following rates :
1 square 3 months $ 5 uO ;
1 square G months 8 00 I
1 square 0 months 10 00 I
1 square 12 months 12 00 j
14 squares 3 months 8 00 !
\l squares ft months 14 00 I <
!i squares 0 months 18 On 1
H squares 12 months 20 00 ' I
tl squares It months 10 11O j I
3 squares ft months 1ft on ' <
n squares 9 months ...... m 00 j |
i} squares 12 months 'J.ri no ] 1
4 squares 3 months 12 on I .
4 squares ft months 2n tut '
4 squares 9 months 2ft 00 ! I
4 squares 12 months 30 j 4
ft squares 3 months 1 "1 Oft ' ,
6 squares ft months 25 tin ! .
ft squares 9 mouths 31 on |
fi squares 12 month* - - - Hfi on j |
? squares 3 months 2" nil ' I
? squares 6 months HO mi | .
6 squares 9 months :>ii no ; j
6 squares 1'2 months ... . . 411 <10
7 squares 3 months - 2.1 on 1
7 squares fi months on , I
1 squares 9 months II no | (
1 squares 12 months - - - - - 4."? on j ,
H squares II mouths ...... ;{n <111 |
8 squares A months On 1 1
fi (iniinpflc Q nmntlia - - - - ?*' 1 ''
-- ?1 - " " * 1" ""
8 equates 12 months ...... f>n on ;i
Fractions of Si|iinrcs will bo charged in pro. '
portion to the above rates. U
Husiness Curds for the term of on?- j |
year, will be charged in proportion to th<- v
ppaee tliey occupy, at One JtulUir per lino !
ppace. * } v
For nil advertisement* set in </??/,/? < ../- ; v
umn, Fifty per Cent, extra will lie milled to the j |
above rates. j,
DAYLS A- CREWS, ^
For Hauntr ; n
LEE ?fc WJLSOX,
For J'rcst*. j
????BB?aa??mp
MISCELLANY. j v
Greenville and Colombia Railroad.
PRESIDENTS UKl'OKT. ! ,,
To the Stockholders of the Greenville and s
/ (..i j /i
i/viumviu iiuaruuti KyUmjvnnj : ; I
Tlie rresident .and Directors submit lh<* j w
following Report of the affairs of tlie Com- | '
pany for the year ending the 31st Decern- j J
ber, 1856. j <>
The Tabular statements of the Auditor '
and Treasurer will give you a full arid min- ?
ute account of the finances of the Company. 'J
From Table No. 4, it will appear that the "
income for the year amounted to
$307,808 80 f<
m.. ! r ^ - - - -
xuo Hicoinc ior iqoo was 2Yy,U 1 KJL 50 51
v
Showing an increase of 58,790 '24 c
From Table No. 3, it will lie 1'
seen that the current expenses for 1
the year 1856, (not including the
extraordinary expensps,) were 11
?195,970 50 p
The exponces for 81
1855 were 181,702 GO >>
ci
Increase in expenses 14,2.34 90 j''
a:
Deducted from increase of
innnmn Iaiivm i i rm ot h
? ?... l u t
as net iocrease upon tlic year's 'l
business. Sl
The increase in tlie expenses was occa- l'
atoned by necessity arising in maintenance ai
of way, chiefly by lite rapid decay of trestles. <;l
Table No. 1, is an exhibitit of tlie liabil- LM
ities, properly and assets of tlie Company, 1,1
as they stood on the first of January last. ^
The value of tlie rond in this statement is r<
set down at its cost, and the whole assests "
is there given at &2,66G,875 88. The pro- c'
perty is really worth much more than this ^
?um. In the amount of bills payable is in- ^
eluded the debt to the Bank of the State, ei
$73 ,500, originally coHtraeted on the faith e'
of the assessment on the State stock, and a'
$34,219 for work on construction acoount,
a part, of Wuicli will not be due for twelve ?i
months. If our bonds could been sold "
at a fair price, this indebtedness would have ej
been nearly discharged. Of tins Bonds or- ^
dered to bo issued only $48,500 were sold i "
fin tlifl <vnirs? <vf Ilw? tout />?? l.?rwl I a
*146 ,500 unsold. Before the end of Febru- j "
Wy all the pay rolls up to 1st January lu>t ?'
^Bre!pa?d off, and also a large amount of
the indebtedness mentioned in the statetneht
l:
tt is greatly to be regretted tbat the capi- P
fcal stock of the Company falls sfyort of the "
'oost of the road; the deficiency?'bad to be "
made up at great lose, and capitalists, who h
have nocoratnon interest with us in the road, !V
<are deriving a profit from it, Of the busi- u
new of 1866, $307,808 80 n
There were required forfex- *
...... lAf n>rn rn al
IUU OUUJ VI 1 UJfU IV OU ^
Leaving a balance of 111,838 30 ''
Which, if the capital had been equal to t lie ^
<co*t of the road, could have been divided ^
amongst the stockholders; but instead of |Ibat,
the interest upon the. debt had to be "
m. which AmdooU. to about $75,000 antaoally,
leaving a balance of only $30,888 30 '
Annual pronto over the combined amounts J
?f expenses and interest. The bu>iness and
tx tne present year upjto this time baa been "
considerably larger -tban it was up to the *'
eouttd liftie last year, so that, it is believed," ?
that a!! the i?tere?t due on the assessment,
amounting to abotit 190,000, can be paid s<
to the Stockholders iti the course of the w
unupet, without embarrassment to the Com* j1
Alport of the Gefteral Superioten- P
fulh.account of the Operations
oTthfetoad apd its machinery. it will ba <5
seen tbal the road is in gpod conditio*, ft hp L
is well supplied with motive power. Tin
additions and improvements at the work
shops will enable the men employe^
there to work in greater comfort, and tt
turn out more work than heretofore. It i<
believed that in a sho/t time all our car.?
csui bo made there. Although some accidents
involving loss have occurred, yet the
running of the trains has been wonderfully
successful and should be satisfactory. TIk
officers and operatives in our employment
are prompt and faithful in the discharge ol
duly. The conductors of lliu I'assetigor
trains and the Kngineers, or runners, are
,i...
> iiijj 01 special commennation. I lie
Engineers arc skillful, cautious ami prudent,
and tilt; conductors art- accommodating and
polite to passengers, and at tin* same lime
linn in the discharge of duty. They arc
men worthy of your confidence, honoring
the stations that tIn:y fill.
The work of building rock culverts and
Tilling in the trestles, in which we were engaged
at the time of your last meeting, has
Im-cii pressed forward with all the energy
ivhich the means of the Company would alow,
ami a large amount of this woik has
?;en done. The sum of ><72.040 7(i has
ecu disbursed from the treasury during
he year upon this account, including the
>ld and the new, added to the cost of the
oad. In this way the road has been greaty
improved. Thorough and extensive re?airs
have la-en mad"-, which will more paricularlv
appear from the Report of the Su?.|'ll.l..!..l
'11. - l? I ' '
. III. i III- iMfdllj IT.\ lO COI111I1UU
I.is work of construction, and liavc let out
ipon contract the huildin of culverts and
illin- up oflart*' trestles at Williamston, and
t' utairt siiiidl ones at other places alonj;
lie mad. A stuvi-v iias recently Ihicu made
villi a view of I'liaiiixini; ihc location of I lie
oad till the west of Saluda River, so as to
ivoid the eitissiuti of Wilson's f'reek. The
Miifftli of tlie new line is 4,400 f*et, the
fradmir of whieh will cost less than the
,..:i I:.!.
... MH' i wi. 111 M-fi'^ across that stream
iliii-li. wi'i'i ?v to rnnliiiiK* tlit* old line,
mnlil liav-' ti> 1).* ivlmilt tliis vear. This
rink will In- put under contract as soon as
iraetieaMe. Most of the Trestles that should
>e lilli-d tip, will Ik* filled in thce.ourse of the
uvscnt year, a ft it which the expenses for
iiaiiitainitig the way will ho greatly reducd.
Application was again made to the Legisitnre
of the State at its last sitting for pay*
ii'itil of the assessment upon the Stale.Stock,
fliifli application was rejected. As no
L'asoti Was avsiirnefl fur tliis deeisinn ?m fti.?
mi l ?>f 11 it* Legislature, it cannot tie thought
liauge ih.it we ar<j not p;iti.-lif. 1 with it.
he claim to us seems so well founded that
e <lo not perceive whv the State, which
( sires to give an example of justice in its
eatings, did not acknowledge the debt and
rder it to be paid. An individual stockolder,
with precisely the same case as that
f the State, could not successfully resist the
emnnd in our judicial tribunals; and the
nmuuity of a sovereign only substitutes
alfcoercion in its case, for the external
>rc<; which might be applied in the case of
subject. A mere glance at the question
rill suflfu-e to show the strength of our
laitn. 15v the charter nf tlm f!.imnam>
? ?
ower is given to enlarge the capital as in
lie progress of llie undertaking might be
jinid necessary, either by additional assessment.
not to exceed in the whole twenty
er cent, on the original shares, or by new
uhscriptions. The State embarked in this
nprovement with the individual stockholdrs,
and in the first instance subscribed to
le capital stock an amount which when
scertained yielded 1G55 shares ; and af>rwards
as the load was extended to Abcville
and Greenville, it subscribed the
irlher amount of 3,750. In none of these
ihcriptions did the State exempt itself from
ic provisions of the charier authorizing the
?twsiiifiit ; l>ut on the contrary itsubscrib
il with a full knowledge of the power grantJ
to tlic Company. The State has receivI
and and now holds the Company's scrip
>r the number of shares above named?is
gularly represented by proxy in the niceties
of the Company, and in all respects
laim.s the rights and privileges of the other
tuck holders. The Stockholders, at theirleeting
at Newberry, in Jnnuary, 1833, to
lable the Company to go on with the work
(ercising the powers given them, assessed
II the Stock of the Company to the amount
r r...... i-i.vii?.. -i *
v.w. uunain I'VJI sililir, Ul IWL-lliy |ivr VCIIl.
[ton (he original shares. The Slate Stock
i common with the individual Stock was
qually assessed. No burden is laid upon
ic State Sto<-k that is not alike assumed by
n.' individual Stockholders. TheludividuI
Stoctkliolders have paid up the assessient
on their Stock, but the Stale is still in
( fault. No doubt the individual Stockolders
paid reluctantly ; they regretted the
eeessity, but still they paid. To the good
lith of the State, which has never yet reudiated
an acknowledged obligation, it
iusi ue icit lo.examme uic ground# upon
diich it can IxHieved from its share of tho
urden assumed by* those with whom it is
ssoeiated, Under the circumstances tho
Miftsment was a timely, wise and prudent
icasure. Without it, it is prohahlu that
lie enterprise would have failed, and all the
lock paid in, both by individuals and the
itate would in that event have been entiref
lost; wilh it, the road has been pressed
>rward to completion. Not only is the
itato' Stock Bavtd, but already has the
itatc been prqfited bv the immense wealth
mparted to it l>y tl?o Jloftil, amounting to
nore tlian double the stock paid in. llavig
shared in its benefits, equity requires tbat
lie State should contribute to its conrtnon
tydens. As Stockholders ourselves, and
8 representatives, of other individual Stockolders,
we gratefully acknowledge the librality
of the State towards our Company j
ut we think that there is with'some perans
a misapprehension on this subject,
rhich leads them to soppoaa that this liberIHy
was greater than that shown to other
ke Cotrtpauiftj, andH&tyby it, a reft^al tb
ay the assessment is eiddaed. To correct
U error tlpon thii suMaft wo institu^j
<COD^pari!k)n .wjtji. opt ofthk many
JomjSttiles aided by^kflfr8iate,.U> wit: the
i Smith Carolina Railroad Company, tli
- Charlotte and South Carolina Kailroa
I Company, and the Spartanburg and Unio
> Railroad Comp." The South Caruliti
3 Railroad with its tranches is 242 miles loin
i i and besides loans and other aid in a sma
j way rendered in the infancy of the Hoa<
| the State afterwards subscribed ?800,000 <
Stock, and guaranteed the Bonds of th
i Company to the amount of ?2,000,00(
The Charlotte and South Carolina Kailroai
' | is 108 miles Ion;;. Tim State subscribed t
; the Capital Stock of this Companv ?272
| 000.
TIm* Spai l anburjj and Union Railroad i
, ; not exe lint; ~(> miles long, and has a sul
script ion of the State to the amount of ?250
000.
Our road with its branches is 104 mile
i long, and lias a subscription of ?348, 10C
If aid were extended to our Company in tli
l same proportions that it has been to thesi
I Companies, we would frot with thr? Snml
C.'iroiinn Railroad,stock aid (o llio amonn
of ?">42, 14b, besides a guarantee o
bounds ; or. with the Charlotte and Soutl
Carolina 11 ail road stock to the amount o
?413.037 ; or, with the Spartanburg am
Union Railroad stock to tlie amount o
?*>85,714. We have frit it to be our duty
to present to you the foregoing statement
as to this matter, so that you may under
stand it in all its bearings ; and we arc
now content to leave it to you to determine
what course, if anything further,should b<
taken in regard to it.
I The increase in our business, heretofore
i is in accordance with the usual growth o
! business of railroads. When the channc
of cointmimention in connection with oui
! road shall be opened up with the north
j west, a very heavy and profitable busines:
j must necessarily be brought to our road
! The liluc Kidge Railroad, which connect!
J with ours at A nderson, designed to bring in
j to our State the products of that immense
; and fertile region of country, is a matjnifi
i cent enterprise, which when coinpletet
j cannot fail to add hugely to the greatness
i and wealth of our, State, as well as th<
! prosperity of our Company. Tt is hope<
i and believed that the present embarrass
i mont of that Company will be but temno
! rary, ami that very soon its affairs will b(
j put in a bettor condition than over before
, and that it will go on to rapid completion
j It is recommended to you to consider wlieth
. er it would not be sound policy to extern
j some aid to this Company, which may b<
i done by carrvii.g materials, or in some oth
| er way in which v"<> can serve them, pay
, rnent to be mailt: tu us in stock in tlieii
j Company. The snbj.-ct is brought to youi
' attention that you mav consider the same
ami tin in I lie matter whatever you may
| think right.
Surrounded hy difficulties of immense
j magnitude, arifitig nut only from the rug
! gedness of the country through whicdi
yomjroad is located, and the small amount ol
capital furnished, but. also from a want ol
public confidence which still lingers around
us, reluctant to yield, you have pressed forward
this noble enterprise to its present
condition of successful operation ; and it can
no loncer be denied thsit. rnn li'.iuo a r^o.i
0 J .. . w.,v?
of no small importance. Including its
branches, it is 1C4 miles long running from
the capital of the State through the Districts
of Richland, Fairfield, Lexington.
Newberry, Edgefield, Abbeville, Anderson
and Greenville. It accomodates a large
and prosperous portion of the State. Tim
promptness and regularity with which it
| lias done all the business that lias offered,
is sufficient evidence to all unprejudiced
minds of its ability to do the business of the
country. One train a day for passengers,
nnd two freight trains from Columbia to
' Newbcny, per day, as at present arranged,
i <lo tlie business with ease, and could do
i double as much if afforded. The1 capacity
, of I lie road would not be heavy taxed with
I twelve trains of freight per day, which could
I be run with the same ease, regularity and
; safety, as the present trains are now run,
j This would involve very little increase of exi
pensc iu the maintainance of the way. The
! principle increase in the expense would be
j for machinery necessary to be added, and
I mv engineers ana train tramls, all of which
| would no amply repaid by a business such
{ as could then be done. The idea that
i this roa'l is not capable of doing the busi}
ness of the country, even in its most prosI
perous condition, can be entertained only
i by those who aro inexperienced in railroad
! management, or profoundly ignorant of
j the capacity of our road, and who shut
i their eyes to the light which would otherwise
I t l. .1 - * -
, uit-uk in u|iun iiiciii irom me experience ol
; the post, and the unsurpassed successful op'
eratiotis of our road. Under the old adI
ministration of the South Carolina Rail.
road it was thought that a double tracli
was impossible to the successful operation
I of that road ; but the perfection that has
I been attained there in the arrangement*,
under their- present sagacious nud abh
General Superintendent, has satisfied the
direction that "the Company i6 fully prepared
for a large increase of business, without
the aid of an additional track." Why
cannot a railroad that is capable of bear
ing up one heavily freighted train per daj
in eafety,bear up twelve or eleven fifteer
HKe trains in equal safety? The flaghcitj
of man is fully equal to the task of so. arranging
the trains as to pass twenty trains
per day up and (fcwn a single track, ovei
such a road as ours, with entire sofety ai
is often done upon railroads now in us<
when so many trains are neidti. With a
knowledge of our road, who will undertak<
to sny where its capacity will bo limited \
It would now be a orratifvlncr slate of thinon
if only one half the Amount of businea
. which is is capable, of doing should be off
'ered to it... '
' SineAyonr last mating death has ngnif
visited us, removing^Wf^n Gilgore, one o
.the first tyfceotors, end^n aMemi sUpnorte
oftbp Co^jpany, and.our- awociate, Dray
toa<J*inoe,who from iheflfitdrgaouation q
tr Coinp*l?y ,BHtU W* de&ib hekj * sea^ ?
rBdhrd. BytheaejftbtiVfc <ffoftutoaatio?
of ProvidpLicQ t^o CoMpao^ lias faithfn
V * ,
mm mmmmmm
i? i friends, :111< 1 may well join in the Jamen
?i ! tations of the community.
n I Bv order of tlie Hoard.
a ' tuos. c.rKiniiN,
r, ! J*resident.
II Ghekxvii.i.k, March 2.>, 1850.
,f Discipline cf the Mind.
t> It is not l?y mere study, l>y mere acctimti
). lation of knowledge, that yon can hope fo
j eminence. Mental discipline, the exereisi
o ' of the faculties of the mind, the r|uickeni?;
r j of your apprehension, the strengthening o
! your memory, the forming of a sound, rapk
s j and discriminating judgment, are of evet
more importance than tin; stoic of learning
Practise the economy of time. Considei
time like the faculties of your mind?a pre
- - .i - -
v; wuip usiiiw j nun every moment of it wcl
(. applied is put to an cxhorbitant interest
e The zeal of amusement itself, and the sue
a cessfnl result of application, depend, in t
li great measure, upon the economy of time
t ICstimate also llie force of habit. Exorcist
,f a constant, and umcmitting vigilance of ac
li quiremcnt of habit, in matters that are ap
f patently of indifference?that perhaps
1 are really so, independent of the habits they
,f engender. It is by the neglect of such trifle;
that bad habits are acquired, and that the
, mind by total negligence and procrastina
. tion in matters of of small account hut fie
. (picnt occurrence?matters of which tin
; world lakes no notice?bccomes accustom;
ed to the same defects in matters of higliei
importance. By motives yet more urgent
by higher and purer aspirations, by the du
^ ty of obedience to the will of <?od, l>y the
I awful account you will have to render, nol
tnerelv of moral actions, but of faculties cn
1 f..*?..!i
> ?ni.Eu ivi _iuu iur improvement?l>ynll tllt'St
liit;li arguments do I con jure you '"so to mini
her your days unto wisdom," unto that wis*
dom which, directing your ambition to th(
noMeend of benefiting mankind, and t?-ai h
f ing humble reliance on the merits and on
the mercy of your Redeemer, may support
j you in the "lime of your wealth and in
the hour of death, and in the day of judg4
incut," may comfort you with the hope ol
The Federal CourtAlexander
Mul ice and II. Leo Turston,
Esq., have been appointed commissioners ol
this Court for Greenville district. Mr,
| Michael 1). Dickey has been appointed Deputy
Marshal for Greenville. The juror?
grand and petit., were drawn in Charleston
hist week for Greenville. Mr. Dickey will
soon have to summon them for the first
Monday in August, when the Federal
Court sits for Greenvillle. It is clothed
I with all the powers of the Circuit Court, as
] a District Court. All notes due persons
I lStfin/v j\?* 1 1
i vmii. v>| LIIC OlitK; lliav OU useu ill tills
Oourl, and judgement obtained the first
' , Court. Hereafter such notes will be used
' on in lhe Federal Court. Next session ol
|-: Congress, Cul. Oit assures us we shall have
j. an appropriation of forty thousand dollars
to build a Federal Court House. It passed
the Senate last session , but was lost in the
confusion of the adjournment. We understand
that Judge Magrath intends spending,
some time in Greenville next summer, for
the purpose of organizing and holding his
Court. We have no doubt there will be n
' great deal of businessin the Court as soon
! as it gets underway and becomes known to
' | the people. Great honor is due Judge Mng|
I rath for his exertions to make the Federal
| ' Court useful to the State by extending his
:J w ?iv j/.m, ui ooiuu v^<?r'
j olina.
1 Sini-o writing the above, we have received
the list of jurors, grand and petit, for the
Federal Court at Greenville. A good many
' as them are on the jury drawn for the ex;
tra Court ordered l>y Judgo 0'Xepll for
1 Greenville, which sits at the same time.
Greenville Patriot.
The following toucliiiiL'. simnle. and snr.
rowful memorial of his wife was written l?y
one of the greatest statesmen of England?
Sir James Mackintosh?in a private loiter
to ft friend.?"She was a woman," he
write?," who by tender management of my
weaknesses, gradually corrected the most
pernicious of them. She became prudent
from affection ! and though of the most
generous nature, she was tauglit frugality
and cconmy by her love for me. During
the most critical period of my life, slie preserved
order in my affairs. From llie caro
of which she relieved me. She gently re.
claimed me from dissipation, she propped
my weak snd irresolute nature: she urged
[ my indolence to all the exertion that have
f \ been useful and creditable to me. and she
was perpetually at lintul to admonish mv
heedlessness and improvidence. To her I
owe whatever I shall he. In her solicitude
for my interests, she never for a moment
forgot my character, iicr feelings
were warm and impetuous, hot she* was
placable , tender, and constant. -Such was
she whom 1 have lost; and I have lost her
whom a knowledge of her worth had refined
my truthful love into friendship before
age had deprived it of much of its original
ardor. -I seek relief, and find it, in the
consolatory opinion that a benevolent wis
dem inflicts the chastisement, as well as be'
-A - .1 - * '
aiows mo enjoyment ot human life ; Unit
this dreary nnd wretchdd life l* not the
whulo of man ; thnt a being cnpabto o(
( such proficiency in &cience and virtue; is
r not like the beasts, that there is a dwelling
} plaoe prepared for the spirits of the just;
j that Jhe ways of God will yet be vindicated
by man."
* The Jawi&h'passover commenced on the
<9th?jo?tant, It w in commemoration ol
J the passing over of the Israelites when w the
* iirst-born of Egypt porisl'ed, stul of their escape
out of Egypt. During the time they
tun, mazoi, or unleavened bread, which' ii
? made of the fincatr wheat flouir end parcel
f water, kneaded by a wootlen loaver, nnc
r afterward*' rolled pot between wooden rg
f. l$c?? and tH&n oat* By tttadbiaerv, willvou
h b&jng touched by foimnnlUwd. '
? fthrplwHy ot life ^nd m&nften pmduoa
I. tpwjjijfc'vf wi?d. _
A" ^ *
Horace Walpole's Letters.
A new edition of W?IpoIe,3 Letters,
chronologically arranged, is announced bv
liently, ot' London. Kvery one has heard
of Wnlpolc, the wit, and the gossip-monger,
and the following extract from one of his
letters, addressed to Mr. Chute, will be
rend with interest. It is a good specimen
- of Walpole's budinurjo ;
r Indeed' my dear sir, you certainly did
u not use to be stupid, and till you give me
; more substantial proof that you are so, I
f shall not believe it. As for your temperate
1 ; diet and milk bringing about such a rnetai
1 morpilosis, I hold it impossible. I have
. I such lamentable moots uvurv ilnv mv
I 4 ^ . ~ '"J
r | eyes of the Mupyfying qualities ot' beef, ale,
- : and wine, that I have contracted a inu.it reI
ligious veneration for your spiritual noui i.
ture. Only imagine that I here every day
- see men, who are mountains of roast beef,
i and only seem just roughly hewu out in.
to the outlines of human form, like the gi}
ant rock at J'ratolino ! 1 shudder when I
- see them brandish their knives in the act to
- carve, and look on them as savages thatde>
vour one another. I should not stare at all
' more than 1 do, if yonder alderman at the
? lower end of the table was so stick his fork
s into his neighbor's jolly check, and cut a
- brave slice of brawn and fat. Why, I'll
- swear I see no diiference between a country
; gentleman and sirloin ; whenever the lirst
laughs, or the latter is cut, there run out
p just the same streams of rrr;iw t
53 J ' '
, the sirloin does not ask quite so many qiies
tiotis. 1 have an aunt hero, a family
! piece of goods, nil old remnant of imjuisi
live hospitality and economy, who, to all
intents and purposes, is as beefy as her
s j neighbors. She wore me so down yester
day with interrogatories, that I dreamt all
night she was at niy ear with "who*," and
s "whys," and "wliens" and "wheres"' till at
last in niy vcry sleep I cried onf, "For
1 Ood in heave11'6 sake, madam, ask me no
more questio,,s !"'
1 "Oh ! my dear.sir, don't you find that
nine parts in ten of the world are of no use
' but to make you wish yourself with that
tenth part ? I am so far from growing
??L>? iu iiiaiiKiiHi i>y living amongst tiicm,
that my natural ferocity and w ildness does
i but every da}' grow worse. They tire, fa*
tigue me : T don't know what to do with
them; 1 don't know what to say to thorn ;
I fling open the windows and fancy I want
1 air, and when I get to myself, I undress myself
and seem to have had people in mv
| pocket, in mv plaits, and on my shoulders!
I 1 indeed find this fatigue worse in the cottn|
try than in town, because one can avoid it
| there and has more resources , but it is
| there too I fear'tis frrowincr <?1?1 but. I
J O O ? ,
literally seem to have murdered a man
1 J whose name was Ennui, for his ghost i-*
j ever before me. They say there is no En.
glish word for ennui ; I think you may
; translate it most literally bv what it is calj
led "entertaining people," and "doing the
honors;" that is, you sit an hour with
somebody yon don't know and don't <yire
for, talk about the wind and the weather,
and ask a thousand foolish questions which
begin with, "I think you live a good deal
in the country," or, "1 think you don't love
this thing or that." Oh,' tis dreadful 1"
now the American Did.? When tlie
vote of censure of the Hritish Ministry for
the Chinese war was under discussion, in
the House of Commons, Lord l'almerston
made a three hour's speech, in which he is
said to have poured a continuous volly of
ridicule, sarcasm and invective in the onno
? * ir
! silion ranks. He spoke of the action of the
j American Captain who battered down one
: of the Chinese forts, of whom he said :
I have heard of a word and a blow;
I but lie preferred a blow and a word. [Hear
J hear. Jle judged it better in tho first
i place to knock down tho offending foil, but
{ for the insult to tho American flag, twen
ty-four hours were given to the Chinese to
make the apology, but before that time had
elapsed the American Captain, with a
shrewd eye, saw something going an in the
fort he was lying noar, which induced him
to think that, at the end of the twenty-four
hours, the answer, if unfavorable, would
find him in position not quite so desirable
as tho one he then occupied, so be renewed
his attack without waiting for the
expiration of tho time ho had fixed. I
j think, sir, that the honorable member must.
i at least, admit that our proceeding was the
! extreme of forbearance when compared
with that of the American, [Hear, hear.
Sad Bkiieavmbnt.?Sunday afternoon
witnessed a melancholy coatege in the
street of New Orleans. It was a long and
sad procession following to tne grave tlic
mortal remains of two of the daughters of
our esteemed townsman. Dr. William
Rushton. Thqy died, ono at midnight on
Saturday night and tho other a few hours
later, of that dreadful disease the scarlet
fever, and now lio entombed together; one
a young wife, who leaves her fiast infant
sick of the same disease : tho other a promised
bride, whose wedding was to take
place within a few days. They were tho
gracoofthe best pociety in N. Orleans,
lovely, well natural, refind and tenderly beloved?bill
a week ago tho centre around
which clustered the most joyous hopes of
' fond hearts for tho future ; now tho tenants
of a common grave watered by. passionate
tears. The nawa.of this terrible affliction,
as soon as announce*! on Sunday
.u: II ? a -
iiiumiug, Buuuuuttu iue wiioio oily. We
have never witnessed a rnpte profound and
aniversal sensation.?Picayuhe.
> m i m r
Rktirrd.?Rev.L.M. Pease, of -New
) York,the noted vFive Points -missionary,
lias retired feom his work in consequence ofl
falling hoaltb, induced by* too'lassiduous.de>
votion to bis labors. It is etfcuwUfd' that
L during tbe seven yeata of Ibis mission flfce
i thousaqg children have been reclamed from
1 vice and Warrant#. r
. *>
Th6.4rpung.tAM/ -who kwt Jnr hwrt M;
,4* IW h*? foofcd It
aga'iD, though ijirtyly- w?n?J^dr THcirCttmaUno^
*
-...M .1? -n S ' rr) OtfVf J /
r
Tho Homestead.
It is not lift it used to be
When you and I were young ;
Then round ench elm and maple tree
The honeysuckles clung;
lint still I love t lie cottage where
I passed 1113- early year.",
| Though not a single fence is there
I That memory ejidears.
! *
It is not as it used to be,
The moss is oti the roof,
J And from their nests beneath the cave,
The swallows keep aloof.
! The robins?how they used to sing
When you and 1 were young,
And how did Hit the wild bee's wing
The opening flowers among 1
It is lUtf tio\t* n< if nj?.l K.. '
The voices loved of yore.
And the foniu we were wont to see,
We see and hear no more,
i Ko morel Ala?, wclook in vain
For those to whom we clung,
And love aa wc can love l>ut once,
When you :in<l 1 were young.
Chinese Sugar Cane,
i G. W. Kendall, of the Now Orleans Pic!
ay line, thus adds his testimony regarding the
j value of this product, lie is fanning no a
i large scale in Texas :
"In October, 1853, I purchased in Paris
a small paper of the seed. 1 do nut think
; there was more than two heaping tablespoonfuls
of it, or three at the outside. 1
; brought it with me to New Orleans, and on
! arriving sent it here to be planted. When
I I reached this place, early in May last it wjis
i inst oeerintr ?bi?vi> tin* ~ c
,? iO &;,,J"a 01
it in :i ten acre field, which litis been devoted
in the main to millet, oats, and a little
I Indian corn, and four short rows in our garden
; the latter was planted last.
j "About the 8th of July two rows in the
' larger fit-Id had shot up, headed out and
i ripened, notwithstanding the drought, aud
' heavy heads were cut for seed. The oats,
meanwhile, had come up, the millet was
I hardly above ground, while the Indian corn
; was parched and drying up for want of rain,
i Two or three mornings afterwards, on hrnki
ing at the field from a hill close by, I notic;
ed that two rows of Sorgho Sucre had enI
lircly disappeared, while rows of Indian corn
on the other side were still standing. On
i close examination, I ascertained that a lot of
j hogs?hogs are apt to do such things?had
i broken into tlie Held, and dcvouied the
; Chinese sugar came root and branch ; it was
; cut clean to the ground by the porkers, not
! a single vestige was left, while, as al!
ready stated, the stalks of Indian corn on
I ciliiui sum were icu standing. 1 was thank;
Jul I had saved the seed, and thought little
! more of it.
"Some few days after this?peihaps a
fortnight?the rows planted in the garden
1 were examined, the heads of seeds found to
; he ripe, and the greater portion cut and
i brought to the house, leaving the tall stalks
j still standing. On cutting down one of the
latter, which must have been ten feet high,
j I found it to be exceedingly heavy, and on
i tasting the cane it seemeed to me to be as
full of the saccharine juice as the ordinary
! sugar cane of Louisiana. At the same time
! I had two or three imported French merino
! sIlOPli ill II1V vnr.l ifwrrnot ?
j 1 J J > o""" fclCCll
j fodder, and on cutting the cano in small
! pieces, I found that they devoured it with
j ilie greatest avidity. After this I fed them
1 daily on it for some time, a single stalk fur|
Disking a good bait. I also gave some of it
I to a favorite mare, she eating it even more
! greeilily than the sheep. Some three weeks
' after the ripe heads of seed were cut I noj
ticed that new heads had shot up from the
; same stalk ; and these new heads blossomed,
filled and ripened in September, and
were cut and brought to the house. All this
time you must recollect wo were sutleriug
from the unprecedented drought, and Indian
com and sweet potatoes, water melons,
pumpking*, and the like, had died down to
tl?i? rorv nrrnnn/l
"I now becnmo more interested in tlie
Sorglio Sucre than ever, and though I still
fed out daily to the metinocs and mare left,
a portion of the stalks standing. Soon new
heads were seen shooting out, and-these
in turn blossomed and ripened as did the
j first I kept no account of dates, but think
this third crop of seed from tho same stalk,
ifso I may call it, was gathered about the
first of October, it might have been during
the second week of that month. 1 planted
some of this last seed, by way pf experiment
?it came up rapidly, looked thrifty, grew
up until it was nearly knee high, and was
? k.. f 4 J- XT 1? *
aiuiijr v/ut> uunu uj iiuat ill nuYCUIWjr. -?Y
great number of shoots of suckers, which
bad sprung up from the stalks first planted,
were cut down at the same time. -The Sorgho
Sucrc can stand anv kind of*drought,
but the first sharp frost kilU it to the ground.
And what amount of seed do you think I
purchased in Paris ? Nearly, if not quite, two
bushels ! and bad not ttl6 hogs brpken into
the field, I believe I should have had ihred.
It certainly yields in tho most mira'culou?
manner; beats everything for dry weather.
"Of its properties for the production of
sugar I can s$y nothing ; I only know iliptt,
it | acf AQ 1 *i I'A (fin iinfrtmnn o nrttf*
? HAU lliu VVIIIIIIUII OU^UI VUll^j uuu
is full of juice about the time the first head
ripens, Aa a green fodder, it atop, beats
everything which grows; horses, sheep and
bogs are certainly inordinately fo$d of. it,
and so full are tho stalks of saccbjfctf tie matter
thaUtbey must be both nutHfio.ua and
fattening. I cannot say?pbat kind of bread
or calpp the seeds will afford/nor oaii I telj,
whai'kind of dry fodder the platit Will mafct*
vfhon^cut green } these eiuferitnehfa I have
. vet to trv. and nnw (lint. n?M^ika u^l I
t mt?(id to do it on a. soaie. I shall
pUnJ. it in rows or dnlfcr, shaH ?o# it and
cut it ft?, different atage?, to Xry its qualities
,jji a dr^ftWjfer. tM om rtpwA^over and
over ac^R.^batriO^ands a urti uglit bettor
than anyihing wd bafO?iloea, not seem to
. her )/%x ?n?if^rotty^jprl 'Satfta-tc
kWy&k .*fcf '*.
/ /v-Vrv *',!.:
tlil-|1tl|| fn,|1|i,l,|ll,^.:
The Chinese Empire.
A very interesting account of the actual
COtidition of China, from the pert of Sir
John IJowring, the representative of tho
IJTitish government at Hong Kong,- has
been recently published in the London
Times. Tlie penal laws of China makes
provisions for a general system of legislation
! and, with this aid, and the most thorough
investigation, the write? estimates the present
population of the Chinese Empire at between
three hundred and fifty million's and
four hundred millions of humaii beings.
The population in China, he says, ia
grouped under four heads ; 1, scholars*;
2, husbandmen ; 3", mechanics; 4, merchants.
There is a numerous class who afo
considered almost as social outcasts, such an
static-players, professional (ramblers. be"
gars, convicts, outlaws, and others ; and
these probably form no part of the population
returns. In the more remote rural
districts, on the other hand the returning officer
most probably contents Jiimsclf vfrifh
giving the average of more accessible and
better peopled localities. Sir John had uo
means of obtaining any saisfactorv tables to
show the proportions which different ages
: bear to one another in China, or to fh'H
average mortality at different periods of
human life ; yet to every decade of life the
Chinese apply some special designation j
the age of 10 is called the opening dogreo \
20, youth expired ; 30, strength and mar*
riacre: 40. udinijillv mil r.o
. o ' ' V "I * ' '
mg ; GO,cycle closing ; 70, rare bird ol
ago ; 80, rusty visage ; 90, delayed , IOC.
ages extremity.
Nearly a teuthof the population deriro
i their means os support from the tiaherie.^
| The river population is enormous ; a popI
illation, says the writer, "who lived only in
boats, who are born and educated, who
marry near their families and die, who, in
a word, begin and end their existence on
water, and never have or ever dream of .my
shelter other than the roof, and who seldom
I tread evcenf. on f lm rli-i-L- nr linnr/1 r?f
sampans, showing lo what an extent tlio
land is crowded, and how inadequate it id to
maintain the cuinberers of the soil. In the
city of Canton alone it is estimated that
3000,000 persons dwell upon the surface erf
the river, the boats, sometimes ttventy of
thirty deep, cover some miles, and hava
their wants supplied by ambulatory salesmen,
who wend their way through every
accessible passage. Of this vast population
some dwell in decorated river ''boats used
for every purpose of license and festivity {
for theatres, for concerts, for fe:ists, for gafftbling,
for lust, for solitary and social recreations.
Some crafts, arc employed in conveying
goods and passengers, and are ia a
state of constant activity,, others are moored,
an J their owners are engaged as servants
or laborers on shore. Indeed, their
pursuits are probably as numerous as thoio
of the land population."
Iu addition to boats, they dwell an artificial
islands which float upon tbo lakes?1
islands with gardens and housos raised upon
the rafters, which the occupies bava
bounded upoff them, and on which they
cultivate what is needful for the supply of
their daily wants.
The Chinese, say Sir John Dowriflg,have
no prejudice against any articles af
food except milk, lie never saw of heard
of butter, cream, milk, or whey at any native
Chinese tables. They, however,- eat
everything ; dogs?especially puppies?
i rats, mice, monkeys and snakes. Tliev arcs
particularly found of unhatched duclcs and
chickens, and prefer their fish m the early
stages of putrefaction. They have but two ?
daily meals, 10, A. M., and 5, I'. M.
In no part of the world, says the writer,
are the harvests of mortality mare sweeping
and destructive thau in China. SluffrHtions,
inundations, hurricanes, each stteep
off multitudes. The late civil * wars, it U
believed, have destroyed millions ; the- sacrifices
by executions arc faithful. Pour ur
five hundred are said to fall daily by tho
hands of the headsmen in one proviuco a
--ii.. r* .%
luuu. Aiuuuii^iue, ej-jujciuiiy 01 it-maie ciiMi
dren, sweep oft" ita crowds 5of vjctittiS;
There is no reverence for life whatever
Dead bodies are ofteu left to pntrify ttbefe
they fall.
Yet, tbougli infanticide is common* a
childless person is deemed unhappy, if not
degraded. .The domestie affections afo
said to be strong. Parents are fond of
their children, and children obedient to
their parents. "Order is, indeed, the first
law of Confucius ; authority and submission
tRe apex and bafia of the social pyramid.
There are no hereditary honors it)
China, exeept those which reckon upward
from tliA rtUtilllYllinll/rl enn trt tlm
grandfather,and the-whole lineiof of ancestry,
which may-bo ennobled'by the IHdrajy
or martial genius of a descendant'?thesis- ? I
tinctions of caste are unknown, and sbeoe?sful
student even of the loweat origin wfetihl ?
be deemed a at matob.for the roost opulent"
and distiiiguisbcdjfemale in the couaittdnity>
In which respect the-Chinese show mnftj
good sense and reasdn' thdn UiVoQ^ide barbarians."
. 's ..
Tiij* emigration from Ching, accojdip? tb
gu uuiiu ib immense, yut uoes noi Via^Diy
Meet tbe redundarioy of the popuUtioni
'Aboutjtlireejupillion, from lhe province A*'
lone, fcre eeuldd in foreign conn tries, tn
Si&m there are 1,500,000 Chineie. Tho
islands ofthe Indian Archipelego and Coeh*
in China, teem with them. Multitudes go
to Auatftiita and other inviting regions, and
there ie a great emigration tp Havana. .
These emigrants are alt males. There is
not a woman to ten IhoiAntl men. . j
v Richmond Dispatch.
Tlie efflcaoy of tSe" OZygenated BHter*,
in-caws of Dyspepsia, Asthma, and General
Debility, bias been Attested by raan^ citizens
who are well known1 to .the public, and %
? whose atXleirierita are ansple proof that twa
ufedfoineis one of jjw>t Vafue. ' v.
, "There are varioua Key*" aafd a young
man to another, "suob a* 0* aul-key, bul^tik.
itn4 tu-Itkv lull th* nn1? Va<t I* rAtir 1
^ JS* * Ly\. 4
w, "It m<ty bo ^"replied the other, "hut !'$?(? Jj
' anytfitygto reach yoV>r heartbntwjtffc^t*?* j
*^HTyiifciarft-i'i-r i~iliifrri8flirt*ifflfiiiilfcHifiilti' ifttiWi I