a
r ... . -v- - :
Cj *H 1?^ O^flf ftl" ^ 11 si #'f|fr^ 'Y7* A [? | |<? |
': v A>''/ >i^ 4> tj>^>L V kUl.x s>- ii- Ax ^P-> 1
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- . . )y - ... ....
VOLUME 4?NO. 44. " ABBEVILLE C. II., SOUTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 0, 1857. WHOLE Nl'MgER 200
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DAVIS ?L IIOLLIXGSWORTH,
/"'or La >tutr ;
LEE ?fc WILSON,
For PrctK.
MISCELLANY.
From the New York Times.
THE ADDRESS.
Delivered by Gen. McO'owan in behalf of j
the 4 lit Congressional District at the 1
Brooks Festival, uYincty-Six, S. C., Oc- i
toher 5th, 185G.
The President introduced Major-General i
McGowan, tlie orator of the day, who said:
Fellow-Citizens : \Y? have come out
\ipon this occasion to testify our approval
of the political course, and tu honor the person
of our immediate representative iu
Congress, lion. Preston S. li rooks.
It is well for us to be here ! Gratitude ;
is a virtuous emotion/ and when indulged '
in reference to public political acts, becomes I
patriotism itself. This immense throng, this
sea of living faces, this outpouring of the
people, affords a conclusive answer to the !
stale charge that Republics are .ungreatful. j
That suicidal offence should never be com- j
jnitted by freemen. Under a reprcsenta-!
live Government such as ours, there is
nothing more proper or useful than demonstrations
like the present. It is right
'that the constituent sbuuld observe the
course of the representative, and if it is approved,
to manifest thai approval in the
most striking manner. Such demonstrations
of approval, declaring in the most
emphatic manner, "well done, thou good
and faithful servant," have tendency to
keep alive an active, intelligent and watchful
patriotism on the part of the citizen,
and to bmce the heart and nerve the arin
of the representative to strike with renewed
energy for his constituents and his country.
[Applause.]
- We are great debtors to our immediate
Representative. During the last session of
Congress especially, under the most embar rassilicr
nn<l PYC.itinnr <-iiv-iitn<tnr><.oc ].!? !>.??.
- ? ; o "O ? ,,w ,,U?
discharged his duty well. If we could be
'insensible of, or ungreatful for, the great and
perilous services which lie has rendered in
our behalf, we would merit the execration
of mankind, and deserve th'e taunting reiproach
addressed to the degenerate Romans,
who, utterly oblivious of the great exertions
made to save the Republic, were meek as
lambs under the captivating tyranny of the
oppressor of bis country?
"Knew you not Pompey!
Be gopqj?
Run to your houses, full upon your fences.
Pray to the gods to intermit the plaque,
That needs must light un this ingratitudo 1"
But we have met here not to pay an ostentatious
personal compliment?not merely
to manifest attachment to an individual
independent of all considerations of principle.
We have.met here to perforin a duty,
ana as j. concoi.ve it my bumble province
from the position assigned me, to state the
vieWBj'inonves aod feelings of those who
have caused this dinner to be given, and as
an interpreter merely to give voice and utteraneg-io
the sentiments inspired by the
occasion?I will endeavor in a very brief
manner tostatesome of the nio*f important
events which have lately taken place in
Congtess, and the course in reference thereto
of our distinguished Representative now
rriioat nf H?5u
-V--- 0? blllO A/VA/OOlVII#
Fell&w-citizens, wc live in eventful tims*.
Jfhebep ublie, or, which is worse, the Liberties
of the Rcpublio^are in danger.
"The great question opt of wl/ich rise the
O^bVUlsion? that disturb and shakeThe country
as With an earthquake, is the question
of African Slavery, ih which our destinies
are bqjbnd up forever. In comparison with
tb? tbiVe is no other question worth attention
Some of tffc States of this Union enJay
the instilutiou of Slavery, while dfherft
do not,'and those which do not seem received
that every new State which may be
athled ti> the Confederacy shall a<^ro<* with
them upon this subject. Large Territories
have been acquired sine*! tlie adoption
of the Constitution?some by purchase and :
some by compiest, ami the e.vitiui* <|iics_
tion wliirh has aj;itat< (] the country dnriin?
the last session of Congress is in reference
to Slavery in these Tenitories?the chiiinion
property of the States of this I'nion.
In oriler to liavo a clear view of the priu
cipics involved in litis controversy, it will
be necessary to go back a little. About th?,j
beginning of the present century, perhaps in
180.1, Mr. JfH'ersoli acquired bv purchase
from France the State of Louisiana, and alonjj
with that State acquired snch tcrrritory as was
attached to it. Louisiana at the time of acquisition,
was a Slave State, and consequently
the territory attached was also slave ter- .
ritory. In this purchase was included the
territory which we now call Kansas. This
territory, which was so necessary to give the
Northwestern Free States an outlet to the ,
Gulf of Mexico, was paid for out of the!
common Treasnary of the Union, and the
South paid her full share,at least, if not
more than her full share of the purchase- ,
money. Matters stood in this condition un <
til the year IS'20, when the then Territory
of Missouri jisL-eil In In- h'ihSm...! ?..? ?
Union as a State. The non-slaveholding j
States, with groat heat and passion, resisted
the admission fit* Missouri because her constitution
tolerated African Slavery. This
led to the famous Missouri controversy j
The country was as much excited as it has '
ever been since. The Union was on the ,
very verge of dissolulion, and, in order to
allay the troubled waters, Mr. (.'lav, then a
distinguished member of Congress, and
Speaker of the House of Representatives, procured
the passage of a compromise mens- ,
ure. Missouri was admitted, with her constitution
tolerating Slavery, but it was also
enacted that "Slavery should be forever prohibited
" in all the territory which was ac- ,
<|uni:u uuiii iiiiuce iiunii 01 .tu !<), north
latitude, and not included in the limits of
the State of Missouri. This is what wns I
called the Missouri Compromise, and judging
from subsequent developments, wo think it
was the great error ol'the South upon the
subject of Slavery. This act was misnamed
a compromise. It was a gross and flagrant
wrong. l''irst, it was without consideration.
Missouri had a right to he admitted
without qualification or restriction of any
kind, and second, it. was without mutual
compensation. It took oil' Slave territory
all that portion of the Louisiana purchase
lying north of 30 30, and in it forever pro- '
hi hi ted Slavery, but did not establish Slavery,
or give assurance that the original
Slave condition of the territory sh mid remain
undisturbed south of that line. The
arrangement, if arrangement it might bcalled?was
not mutual, but one-sided,
unequal, unjust and uni-onstif.itioiial.?
They took a large part of otir Slave territory,
but did not secure to u? the remainder.
Things stood in this condition until IS 1 I,
wnen tlie sstate ot Texas wss ;t< 1111:111 ! .y
joint resolutions of annexation. A portion
of the Territory of Texas ex'.euded above
the line of 30 30, an.l, being Slave Territo- i
ry, that lino was-extended also through this j
Territory.
In 1848 we acquired by the tivatv of
Guadaloupe Hidalgo the immense Territories
of California, Utah and New Mexico.
These Territories were acquired from Mexico
by a war, in which the South bore more i
than her equal share, and South Carolina,
it is not invidious to say, a distinguished
part, as her own l'almctto banner, " all
tattered and torn," and htill preserved, in
the State capital at Columbia, will abun- 1
dantly testify. [Applause.) South Car.di- !
niii coumuuteu 10 iii.il war some ol Iter heM '
blood, and the hones of many of lior gallant
Rons still lie bleaching upon the di-'?;ut table
lands of a semi-barbarous people. Her
young men?and among them our honored
giu-st today?rallied around tin* banner
of the Uniou at the first tap of i.ic hos- |
tile drum.
"From win<lin<r glein ami upland Im-wn
They poun d uiicli hnrdy warrior down?
Prompt at tin- of alarms,
Jiucli t*o 11 of Al[>ine ru-died t<> :inn<."
The territory acquired by this war was!
immediately claimed to bo Free territory, j
under the galvanized operation of the old j
Mexican edicts ; and even before the rem- !
nant of the gallant army which conquered
it had returned home, the North made an
effort to apply to this territory the Wilmol
Proviso?the object of which was to exclude
Slavery from the whole of it forever.
The Wilmot Proviso had tint sam? purpose
as the Missouri restriction, and the enornitty
of the proposition is only seeii when we !
reniemher that the larger part of the terri* !
tory acquired from Mexico lies South of the j
line of 30 30. This proposition was so hare- ;
faced ami so monstrous that it failed. The 1
South, I believe, was unanimous in her resis- |
tance to it, ami proposed, at the Nashville I
Convention, to extend the line of 36 30, clear j
through this territory as had been done twice j
before, first, in the Louisiana purchase, and j
second, with the Texas acquisition. This
proposition of adhering faithfully lo tho
line of 36 30, was solemnly made by the
South, and scornfully rejected by the North.
This line would not accomplish their purpose
in reference to territory South of it,
an^ therefore they abandoned it for Another
tule upon the subject. They adopted in its
stead the rulo that the people of tho Teritory?
when they came to fVfrin a constitu*
tion with a view to . admsssion into .the I
| Union, shall determine for themselves !
whether or not they will have Slavery. |
Upon this principle, and that too most irregularly
carried out, California was admitted,'and
it was introduced in oxpress terms
into the net organizing Territorial Government
for Utah and New Mexico. It is
then clear as noonday, that the opponents
of Slavery themselves abandoned file
Missouri line for the purpose of aJgrcRs'iori 1
into Southern territory.< And tins aggression
haa been at work so suece&sfully thai
i . i--- i ->< ' ?
wm^iihve iosi nan 01 v^amornia-and nearly !
ail ot Nbw-Moxico Jgjng.SontU- of tUo line
of 8-6 &0. Titus erwad llie second great
- v -nviarih -
eXeitellU'llt Upon til"! Mll>j?rt of Slavery.
Ill the. al>an<loinm-ut of llm Missoiiii line, j
:i in I tin; adoption of lli"- sul >sl it ti t*-i 1 rule in
reforenee i<? Slavery in Ih?! Teriifories, I
South Carolina ami the South ?1 i?I not join; !
1 >111 tor that very reason ami tin- :i< 1 missi?m !
of California upon the ikxv principle, wore
oil the vtfiv |ioint of < 1 issolvin<_T 'I"' I'nion,
ami South Carolina f<>relioro to <!o so, otilv
upon considerations of expediency.
Now, t'cllow-eirizciis wc an: i:i tin* niid-t ,
of the third ifivjit excitement upon this miI>ject.
It :iri>es iu the following manner:!
Another poition of the Loiiisaun purchase
i,-..i I....... I i... -
.. x. w? ?... ..VI.IVM, IIUU II LMM .IIIIU
to j?r??v:?!?r for it a 'IVnitoii;i! < ovcrtuiH'iit.
AjtJcortlitiirlv, Ooiigri*-* in 1 s.V} '|ias<id tlio
Kansas <iii-1 N?fl?r:?>k:i bill, ]>r?>vi<lin?r rr.ivcniiiiciil.i
for lliu T?*iTit<.ni?w uf that i <
'iTn'-i; TcnitoiW's arc a |>:trt nf tin- I.oni-ana
|>ur<-li:i$<.', and bi-ini; north of t li?s lin*? of !
IJO '}<>, \ver? su!>i?!ct to tin; MWhitiri iv-trif- '
ti.>n ; and inasmuch as tint Missouri lino ;
had,subswjiifiil to tin; ii'!ini-?si<?:i ofMi^sou- ,
ri. abandoned in ivkriMin- to 'i'.-rritoit
South of that iiini, it was thought, j i~: j
to J?J?|?IV Hi-! satin; i-?i!?; to lVn itorv north ?>t* i
that lims?to deal with Kansas anil Xu- j
hrasha as Utah ami Xi:\v-M xi?*o ha<l
d?*alt with. Ik-tnx- tlx; Kati-as ;md Xt!- ;i
brasUa acl, whinh was prupaivd, |iro|n>M-d j
ami uJtr?* 1 thrmi^h Coiijrn-ss l?y 11??- h?>r<?:ir \
.liiilije Douglas ?it" Illinois?a in>n-stav< i j i
in<; Sta'??:'< |'ta!<-i! <-.\|>iv>s!v tIn- Mi?oii- ' i
ri res! ri?:t ion, and j?av?j the s:iin? ri^ht-; t > I
l li?' |i<>?>|?!t^ of th'.tsc TiTiil'-ri' S ;i* ha<l hcvn
|>it vi<iu-ly given lo tin; !>iM>|iltr of I'tali and :
Xmv-Miwiro. 'L'his was lair dealing'. It wa* ;
nothing more that) ??hwr j?>tiw, r?|uali:v and !
right. It. was but ain>tli<.-r application of
tlii-ir own rule. Y<t tli<- pa?aj.! <>t" tliibill
produi-ed >>iit* ofthe licrec.-a hu"l> which [
lias ever boon ex'orteil from Abolition.
They abandon the Mi.? mii line in order,
through the operation of niiotlict rule, t-> '
take from us lialf of California and nearly '
all of New-Mcxieo Ivinij south i?f ilia' line; !
luit when wo apply thesaine rule to Torrilory
nortli of thai line,ami in doing so ri-!
lowu the Mi-souri restriction, tlicy cry out '
sacred ?:o:npael ami violated faith?tliev raise ; ?
a yell of virtuous indignation, shriek for I
freedom ati'.l threaten revolution ! '
Stjaivvly ha<l the Kansas ami Nebraska '
hill passed Cotigre-s, w lien there arose; a
laciKJii at iii'.; norm compos.-o <>i tin* '
odds and ends of uwry coiici'ivalilti oxtrava- 1
vjaiioe sttul absurdity?-t fusion of all tin; vile '
isms of a cuittipl and uneasy society? 1
w 1?>*? double purpose .- . cms to have been :
and c.iiliiitUii. to iw Jh'st, to overthrow ' I
the I J. -niocrutit*. A<! ministration ami ?jr?-t I
control of tli<- <Jovrum< ut in order to re- 1
im-mI the K:m.-as and Ni-kraska act ; otn! 1
.ih-'/kJ, tlir<>ti<rii tin; instrumentality of AS- '
olitioii Ai?i Societi- t>i mould and shape
11 n in-:;tntioii? of Kansas s.i : .> to exclude '
Slavery, whether tiny arc able to repeal tin* 1
law i.r Dot. ' *
Tli:- Kansas and 'Xfhraslca Mil, \\
<_jives ?H|*ial rights to all the States, and "it- 1 '
</('} f.'ir a/ dhn'h ttutl w/iir'i <iloitc !
7/?' <trr ninfi/i <1 fii intt f I\'ihiti<is ii'itfi int.-' '
jiropn-tffy.itu>\ fi-jjlit tor oilr institutions nj?on
the very soil, was signed l>y Mr. i*i?-r?-?
tin; I>fin<><Tatic 1'ivM-krtit.iOf l!io l'uiu*tl
Slates, nnd was a Icadin:; nvsisuiv.s i>f liis j '
Administration. It runs/it it trs the must
hit porta ut plunk in the ! )r):tnc>wtic pint
ikI upon it tlic cxi^tiii^ iasit'.-s of t!iu !
?lav are ma?!?) up. -s _ i 1
Krl!(iw-ciiwi' approve* 11??* :n;t of our
immediate represent at i\v ami 1 istiti?ru:s!,.-? 1
UUcst in voting for tin; Kansas an*l Xu^raskn J
l>ill. We approve tin- policy of Franklin ;
I'iercc in giving lii* M^iiatun; to if. \Y? ,
appnci.ite. Ms lieroie. to maintain j'
and cx'-cuV it, and we will jjive our support
to thoM> who an* eoininitted to use all tlie
powers of tliff (Jeticral (iovernmeut to carry !
on! that act in <joo;l faith. We will vote
tor James 1 Jin lianuii ft?r ]'resident?lint in \
any spirit of man worship, nor localise \\e j
approve everything whi- li lie promises todo i
or may have done?hut mainly heeaii-e lie
in tlii* hearer of tin* Democratic standard, j
upon w 1?i. 11 is iiisciit?.*<l the r?*pi*al of the j
odious Missouri restriction, irinl the equal
rights of all the States in reference to Sla- !
very in tlie Territories. And, fellow-citi- j
/.ens, at the sanns time, and tor the same !
reasons, we will war to the knife against |
that mongrel crew, which, like the hncea
niiT Morgan, half fanatic; and half pirnto, j
with mingled prayi-is ami enrsc*, fights mi- ;
der the black banner of 1 Slack 1 -|>u!>15**nnism?that
motley moliof Fivc-Soiler<, Fro
rnonters, tree tiiif^-rs and freebooters?[applansel?tluiL
robber headed bv tin*
up-!:yt renegade traitor Fremont, vvlio, of
all the men 1 have ever known or heard >>f, 1
best deserves the indignant execration of the 1
vanquished patriot:
' Oh, Portias, is there tint some chosen cms?\
Sonic jiiddcn thunder, in the utores <>t h-uvcii,
I\1 with uncommon wrath, to Ma<*t. the wretch
Who o 1ST. 11is gi'eatiic.^ to liii eotiutry's ruin {"
[Lifutl and prolonge/I cliijcis.J
Under tlie Kansas and Nebraska aef*F
Solithern. eimgration poured, into Kansas.
Nebraska was yielded In the jJorth without
a struggle. Kansas, which, In/ its soil and !
climate, is adupted to slave labor, soon befame
Southern in ifn fcflinys.?Slavery
was established lnj laws of the Territorial j
Legislature, arid it was seen that she was !
about to apply for admissioniltio the. Union }
us a Slave Stuk. This alarmed the ftinnt- !
! icnl taction, and they commenced, and they
are now prosecuting in that Territory eivil
war. In open violation jind contemptuous*
I disregard of both tho organic act and the
laws of the Territory they set np a (ioverni
ment of their otfn. A tew renegades from
civilized.society met at Topeka, and claim
ing to act for tho whole Territory, ndopted
a constitution excluding Sflvery. Tltis production
of that tryisoiiftlde Assembly, some
of tlje Black Bepublicitnsjiad the hardihood
td present, to Congress; and to nrgetlieadmission
of Kansas a% n Ffte State. Whilst
tbfo extraordinary application was pending
ru-roro uongrc&s, Mr. Charles Sumner, n
Sen^tof fropi Mas^ncluis^UR,-' rdso in his
plat-Q irutne Senate, nnd delivered a tUuH^
Kpeecli, w it was nfterWards'^blcd in Ciivor
of free iCansfts, whi'eff b?db charMctiirized
as "tlic fiiost un-Aiuerican and nnpn
jfcttlia mIBMW III jilMii nn -<
triotie lh.it over grated upon the ear.s of the [ dc
mcmhcis of that ltitfli body." That speech : ell
contained across aii<l unprovoked libel upon j
the State of South Carolina, and the char- ' cci
after of our beloved ami distinguished Sen- ' he
at or, .1 udge Uutler, who was then absent, tni
This Mr. Sumner, so fur as I have been able er
to K-arn, a neophyte in politic: a narrow- <>l
niimleil bigot in sentiment, without one im- m
puis,, of a gentleman, or the first iiualitv of i an
a statesman ; and in addition to all that, the j re
ijroatest blackguard in America, had I ho im- ! ti\
pndence to say in the Senate of the United | i^r
States that the Constitution of South Caro- i pr
lina "is U -p'.iMiean only in name," and that ; bv
her "shani-'ful imbeeilitv from Slaveiy was 1 tei
roiifessi-.l throughout the Revolution." lie j C'?
not (inly said this of *>ur State, but lie in- j to
i!nl^t:d in the most vulvar abuse of one of j'I I
her Senators, a citizen of this Congressional j K?
District, and w hose name here at home is | eU
-viiotiv:ii"iis Willi luirli tone?Iiijjh spirit j tli
;it! 1 lii-^li honor. | A pplanse.1 Sih>ii after , or
i!ii< extraordinary j?j ? ?-!> was <]< livered? i tli
v. 1 iI-r tin- news of tin; ihetorical display j tli
was trciid'liiii; upon lie; lightnintj line to j all
every part of the country, our immediate ] If
representative, lion. !\ S. Brooks, who rep- <jr
regents the I ?i~t li.-t of "old Ninety-Six," Ire:
look the responsibility of rosentinif the out- ) ?
rai^e np'iii the spot where it w;<.- ?n veil, and 1 pr
Inllieted corporeal and disgraceful punish- in
inenl upon the said Sumner, whilst the eal- as
IIU.III.imr was m m?! Very act ot Irankingr i lii
hi- own slanders to poison public opinion. be
"lliiu lliwi? tlu-v fouii-1
S.j'iat like a lf!i<l fit tin: i-ar ??f I'.ve, lil
"A?Jivintj by liU vili?li art. to roach
'/aim of li.-r r.irii-y, ami vvilli (Iumii forge
I lln-:<>ii.< a's In? 1 s -t. plianta^iw ami iliviiuis? '
] 1 ini I lms int'M.t, It.iutrii.-I witli his spear j st'
Toit.-ln-il lightly? ill;
l:|. Ii?. s!nrU th
Iti^-uvi rcil mill siii|irisiMi."
F?*!low-riiiz<-ns, it is not always nor indeed ;
-fjii'ialiv in sucli matters excusable to resort i tj,
in viiilciii'o?that should be avoided, it* pos- j W(
si!?!? , i'sp.-cially in the Halls of Legislation, ' wj
lui^it is not to bo denied that in certain ca- j 0f
tfs tin-re is a virtue in the cane, akin to ,,n
ih.it which tempered the spear uf the guar- | wj
lian ani?el, ltliuricl, ami gave it the miracu- 1 jC)
Ions power to uncover hypocricy, detect
falsehood, and punish crime. [Applause.] ac
Such in Mir judgment was the case of Mr. (UI
Sumner, whom neither high position nor any j\?
sense of decency, truth, or propriety could 1 jj,
restrain from tlie uttcrence of barefaced j
falsehoods, and the indulgence of a mean j jlt,
?n ! cowardly malignity. It is a high and j |,n
Kill-inn duty which every member of a do- ' |)V
liberate assembly owes to himself ami lii< ! "
|>ositiun, which duly is only the more in- ! j.,,
.'.uinhent upon him because of the privilege su
uf I.is place?to n<e gentlemanly language i j ,
in debate, and to scrupulously foil mar from j
giving personal insult. The Dulce of Wei- j .. .
liutltun expressed the idea when, in his cor- : .'.
r?-p.)iitlene?; with the Karl of Wineelsea, he j "
said, "No man lias a right l>v speech or in | .?
writing to insult another by attributing to ! s 1
liinf biotives of his conduct which will dis- ' uu
jjrace or criminate him. If a gentleman- j 1
t.inniiis such an act indiscreetly in the heat j [V
>f del>:itc or in a moment of party violence, j
lie is always ready to make reparation to liiin I
whom he may thus have injured. None I
hut the meanest of mankind could avail him- I "j!
self of the high and sheltered position of a I a
Senator from which to uttor cruel and wicked j a
-landers, and then refuse under the pretext '
id" Parliamentary privilege, to give to the i
injured party redress, l'arliai'nentary^riv- ] a|
ilege! It is the privilege which the cahun- !
ni.-itor desires to ptiblish slander with imnu- I
nity. Liberty of speech indeed ! It is the?j ul
Liberty of tin*, assassin who stubs from un- |
il?:r cover, and then with -a holy horror of I .~r
violence, claims iiumunitv from just punish !lo
inent.
The absolute necessity of invoking the
virtues of the cane in this cast*, was created ?'
by the enormity of tlie offence?the high t-<l
place in which it was given, and the utter i ?)
impossibility of obtaining legal redress pro- !<iC
portionatu to tho? wrong. Ji was one of
those olienees wlrtoli the law does not reach,
or. if it did, could not atone for in the cold
and dilatory forms of Courts. The summary
punishment inllieted by our Representative
was well de?erved and it was well given.? ,u
[Applause.) \'(
Tlii! eastijjation which our immediative ' I'
I ^preventative inflicted upon the offender, j
although well-merited, was, nevertheless, a m
technical hreach of the law. However great j '?
the provocation, or strong the circumstances | l''
of mitigation, yet words do not justify an j
assnult. Willi the characteristic prudence | PJ
of the slanderer, Mr. Sumner, got the law ; hi
upon !ii> side, and though pilloried himself j
in eternal infamv. 1 Hl
I
* A fixed figure for the liaiul of BCorn
To point, his slow unswerving finger nt," ai
yet, assuming the position of injured innoeenco
and indignant virtue, our immediate ft'
Representative was indicted for tlii* net and ?>'
arraigned at the bar of justice as for high C
^r'ynfes and misdemeanors. Being a law- y
abiding man. and representing a law- I
abiding Constituency, Ire submitted himself T
properly and gracefully to the judgment of !>
llie law. Obedience to lawful authority is i*
a striking characteristic of Southern socie- tl
tv. and wo, therefore, honor our represents- n:
live for his course in this particular. '.Ve w
felt that lie represented us correctly wlien, o
failing to find Mr. Sumner elsewhere, he w
walked into the Senate Ilotlsc, 'and anima- w
ted liv llm pr?ft efiniimnnt ?
J VII 1119 WU3UIII- *?
onc.y, tn/ule the traHuoar of liis State and C
blood lick the dust of the Chainber which t
lie had dosecratcd ; but wo felt even more ^
pr?n^l .of liiin; when he stood up in thollall
of Justice nnd said, uTlie first political les- F
son which my ripening faculties fully com- C
prehended and appreciated, was thfe high r<
moral and social obligation of every ditizen b
to bend himself to fbo mnjeaty of the'l%w. C
In obedience to fliie'jifl&pta of iny yoiini, n
which are sanctlftnca by" the experience and t<
judgment of riper y'ea?s, 1 submit my caso a
to the judgment of the Court." "When we a
heard this, wofeH-fhat in.the person of our t<
repretentatiyfc l?a8 embodied not'oiilythe ji
apirln to Tkeent'wrong and insult, but ^so *n
thA other aptfll?tio letft crediiatile?;of a
RubordinatiA W'laWfflly-conRtitutcd fiutbdrity,
which is only eliminated itf highest 1 (
4^
- ?
gree by Chri>tian civilization and a highly
Itivated statu of society.
For the lirst time in t!io history of tins
tintiy, a personal rencontre between mentis
of Congress has been magnified into |
itional importance, ami taken up as a war
v by one. of the parties of the Union. An i
lI, once respectable and respected coin- |
on wealth?Massachusetts?precipitant ly j
id without evidence undertook to pass \
solutions of ecu-tire upon our represents*- i
*e and impertinent requirement upon Con- ,
ess. ] Ik; act ol our repre:,L'ntat ivo, '
ompted by a burning senec of wrong nnd
a ]iitrli ami noble impulse, was eliarac i
ri/.cd as a cowardly outrage ; and tin? ;
ingress of the L uite?l Slates was ruquired !
expel li i in as unworthy of a seal in it.'
le Hinck Republican l'aity in the House of
piescntatives took up tlio charge as an
incut of agitation?emblazoned upon
cir banners tbeir own shame ami endeav- j
cil to expel bin) from Congress as uuwor- I
y of a scat amongst ibem. They failed in i
eir wicked attempt ; but in our view ii is i
nost to be regretted that tliev did fail.? i
that motion-1 crew ot black spirits and
ay had succeeded in expelling our Ii?*p- ,
scntativc from Congress without precedent
without law?without propiicty ordecent
etext, it wouhl have been an ostracism as
niorabU: to him and as immortal in hiMory
that of Arislides, who was expelled from
s own ciiy avowedly because lie was the
st man in it.
rpi jr . * . nr.. i>.. i
j iiu mon 10 "aj '.*i .mi. imdijks was a jio- ;
ieal inaiueuvrc of a fanatical faction. !
icy wished to weaken the Democratic !
irtv by assailling him, and they wished to
engthen the ltlack Republicans bypointg
to the sores on Mr. Sumner's head and
e cry of free speech, Free-Soil and Freolit.
If that sectional faction wish to
akc our representative and Mr. Sumner
e exponents respectively of the two parties,
j certainly have no objection. Iftliey are !
lling to accept as the living embodiment i
their principles and their party. Mr. !
larlos Sumner, with all his falsehood? 1
th all his hypocrisy?with all his coward- |
i?and with all "the deep scars of tlmnr
intrenched upon his forehead," we will
cept as the exponent of our section and
ir party the gallant representative of the
urth Congressional District of South Caro
la, Hon. T. rest oil o. l>rooks, who, wiien
ovoked beyond endurance by slanders
aped upon his State and absent friend,
id the manlinesss to pnnish the aggressor
publicly caning him in the SenatO'Chamr
of the United States, and then, like a
w-loving anil law-abiding, citizen as he is,
bmilted himself to the judgment of the
iv.
The effort to expel our representative
led, but pending a resolution to censure
m, he resigned his seat. Knowing his
nstituency and being unwillirtg that tliev
ould bo di>h<nored in his person, heap- !
aled;fi'oin a Black llepub)ie.an House of j
. presentatives to them. Tliev have al:idy
justified bis confidence and indorsed
s course by the most extraordinary elec>n
which has ever taken place in this conn*
f?by unanimously rising upagd re-electLj
him, without his returning to them at
, or being absent from his seat more than i
brief period uf recreation.
During the whole course of this affair we
ive watched our representative with great
id increasing anxiety. We have heard
s gallant act iu defence of his State and
ood heralded as a crime, mid emblazoned i
>nn the piebald banners of Black Repub- i
anisin. Wo have rcoii that his act (lis- j
acing their champion has "fronfthe hotin
stirred the hell within" those Abolition- |
s. We have seen him in continual peril,
'Set, hy a yelping crew, in awl out ofPoncss,
ami we knew that, if they wanted the
nrage to meet him face to face ami eye to
e, some of them were not too good to oxute
their throats of assassination upon him.
i the true spirit of their chivalv lie lias even
en invited to traverse the enemy's country
-to travel eight laid red miles towards the
ills of Niagara, and thus, fall into the nmish
of their snirited ami nalriotm heroes.
lder the miserable pretext of enjoying the
ool and refreshing Ineezes of?the Clifton
ouse, in Canada," We have obsorvwl all
is with Mixiety, b^it was _jni anxiety
rerbalanced by admiration. ;We never
oked to lh6 seene of struggle hut wo saw
io nodding white plume of our gallant
pivseiitative waving proudly foremost and
oudlv plainest over all, and, animated l>y.
s spirit in the contest, our watchword his
en Buchanan and Breckinridge?Kansas
id Brooks. [Loud cheers.]
(Jen. McGowan then ttirnd to Mr.Brooks,
nd addressed him as follows :
Sir: In addressing your constituents, I have
luded,' irt? brief "terms, to some of the mensres
and Rome of the incidents of the ln?t |
ongress.it) reference to which they approve ]
aur course.* It could not l>e expected that
should repeat thein to you personally,
he long-continued struggle h? which you
five lately been engaged, is t>ver ; nnd it
my pleasing duty, in the presence nnd by
10 authority of your fellow-citizens here
isemhled, hearty congratulations to
clcoine you back into the limits of your
wn proud nnd grateful South Carolina,
hose -character vou have defended, nnd
hose spirit, as illustrated throughout the
devolution, and latterly afresh at Contreras,
liurubusco, Chapultepce, and.Garita de
lelen, you have so well exemplified, mair^
tined and honored.
Welcome, sir, welcome baclc to the
ourm uongrcsoiotiHl Lmtrietof South
larolinn, whose prinoiples you lifi'vo bo waH>
ipresentedi airtl whose honored ciHzcn yon
ave defended At the ftfrit of ypur life. Thm
longrewiobilJ Diitriot now enrols yoor
nme in the long lint,of- statesmen an<i ern)rs
who have alfeAdy given Jier renown,
nd.hids me give you Assiirnnoe qf a Sordini
nd UfflHijpnons k election, nt an early day,
j Mini vuutfren iur ljrinuu no una* yuu
rortl*y, aacT where we ii>tend you shall relator
without few, Wrof, or affection,--or
ny drrfnd wbstorflfWteipulskJI?.^
Welcot?er <1rj (hriee we!co?ne"from the
lelds bf strife lo the s\\ c6t mid peaceful bo/
tirm - inaBrMffn'i 1 nitfj^iii iln
ninBMHHvaMP?nDaQRpnHM?nRn
som of your family, where, under the shadow |
of (In; ?iKl Star Foil of Ninety-six, you may ,
enjoy repose for a brief period, and imbibe , t
ajjain the true spirit of the olden time, of; >
which you have lately shown yourself .so j 1
noble an exponent. j i
And finally, sir,permit mo,in the name J I
of Abbeville ]>islricl?a portion of iheterri- j I
tory you represent in Congress?to present J1
you with this beautiful goblet, us a further . 1
proof that your conduct is approved. 'l'hu ! .
pure jjold is emblematic of the spirit which j
it is jjdven to apprcve? the spirit tr'u'd in a t
furnace seven times heated, and found to be ;4
the genuine metal. j i
This testimonial lias a value beyond its <
intrinsic worth. It will !><? appreciated l?v :
yon tor somet hiiij* more than tl?<; gold of I
which it is composed. TaU?* it, sir. k<-? p it, ^
and hand it down as an heir lonin to your : 1
childn-n, who will i!?>ul>1 y value it as a ( '
Cfift from yon, and as tin.' evidence that tln v J >
possess the imperishable inheritance of an ; i
illustrious name. [Applause.] In the same , <
spirit and for the same pnrpose allow me, on i
behalf of the citizens of old Clinton, Lau- I
ivns district, to present you this cane, with i
the significant inscription : : t
"'!' > the Hon. Pi!i:sTos S. IJuooks."
Use knock-<lowu arguments." I
[Loud and reiterated cheers.] ^ i
The Coolie Trade. i I
1 l
\\ e arc permitted to extract the follow- i .
iiiir interesting sketch of the Coolie Trade j J
Ill 1 1:111, mini uiu iiuiKlitl rr|>u|'L Oil lOIlslgU
commerce, recently transmitted to both
Houses of Congress by the Secretary of
State and ordem) to he printed :
Chinese Coolie laborers have been introduced
into l'eru and euployed upon the
Chiucha Islands to aid in shipping guano.
Since the liberation of the.slaves they have
come in greater numbers to be employed
upon agricultural estates in the interior as
servants and in handicraft work of many
descriptions; but their tasks are by no means j
severe. |
The contracts for their service are made j
ru ? i ??
hi Vvimiii lor eiguiyears. liieir wages are
?4 j)<;r mouth, paid* weekly. They arc well ]
fed and clad, and appear contented and
happy. AL the Chiucha Islands they have !
daily tasks on working days, which they I
easily complete, and afterwards gain allowances
for all extra woik which they perform.
The contracts are respected by all those
who purchase their services, and they can ,
easily escape if tlicy vi.-di and find other cniployinetit
elsewhere. If ill-treated or dis- j
satisfied they cay any time change their i
contract owners on repaying the amount of;
contract money not worked out or tliu val- j.
lie of the unexpired time.
In the present condition of JVi uj the Coolie
immigration is decidedly beneficial to
the Coolies themselves. The high rates of
. I
wages for labor and the scarcity of laboring
population all'ord good advantages, if j
provident of providing for themselves comfortably.
When employed as laborers there is no
visible distinction, but they co-operate with '
the native laborers as equals. There is no I '
rm-iudicii whatever tn wlii.-li ihov nr.. i '
i * # ?#? - - # *j ,,,M |
juct in assimilating with others :it their ; (
tasks or in coimuou intercourse. 'J hoy en- j |
joy personal Itlieriy, ?n>l in sty rettirn to I
their own country when their contracts ter- i '
initiate or when tin v are redeemed l?y pur- j
chase or otherwise, but they seldom do so. !
Some of them occupy their leisure with
trading and small speculation, or opening
little shops; others work as laborers and
domestic, and gain in this manner from i
$10 to ?30 per month. They improve in '
appearance after souk; residence in Peru, j
On Sundays holvdays, and other public occasion
they appear well clad and. cheerful,
and efplaljy so when working with the
native laborers. They seem to b<i content- i
eil ami happy, and from their habits of fru- !
gality they usually lay up money, although i
they are subject to the temptations afl'orded
by their oWn enuntrvmen who soli them
opium. Thd whole number of them at tlfis'j
time in Peru is supposed to he about 10,000. 1
The m ice paid for contracts varies" fi.mi i
?150 to 250 for the term, an<l they ar.s usually
dispost;?l of on hoanl the ships were
the purchasers select them.?JY<//. Intel. j
Ti'nxei. IIii.i..? On a recent visit to this . <
place, we were ph ased to sire it assuming the 1
proportions of a prosperous'' town. The]
spirit of improvement here, as well as i-1m?- ]
where on*'tlie line of railroad, is apparent to ;
all. A new store, with other buildings, have !
l>een erected sirtce we were last on the "Ilill."
There are, we believe, three stores in the
place ; and two houses of entertainment. ;
Messrs. Collver it Co., the enterprising
eontrnetors, are at work industriously in !
each end of the tunnel. They are also op- j
crating at three of the shafts with steam !
.......I ?: -- - ' t
<>i(U II.IVI- mi ClI^lllU Oil IIIU WJiyirUIIl !
tlii! North. When the shafts are down to
guide, they will bo able to operate at tun
different points in tho tunnel. At one-foot
a day for each company, (a reasonable estimate)
the reader will at onco see that it is
not only practicable, but that its completion
will follow in a reasonable length^pf timfe.
11)u work is continued night and day.[Rome
Courier. .<
And Still they Come.?M?j. B. F.Perry
is nominated, through the columns of
the Spartanburg Express, as a candidate for.
Cong^cs^o* the event that Col. >Qrr-finally
declines a jo-election. .
Messrs. ,W. D. Simpson, vH. R. Spann,
A. SimkiiTp; and J.'C. Hope are also nominated
na candidates fyr C?p?ress in the
frroofcs district; making, <(witli gentlemen
fiefwifore. named, twelve^ '.competitors for
the honors of one congressional district!
Prohibition ?ew Yokk.?&'new
prohibitory law lias been reported*io tlie
State, Sonate by. A majority of the select
coninflitee uf*on''tliaC" qhjer.t. ft*vrriako6
it a mv?demefviMJr, fof any person, to sell intoxi<MiUnflJA^fB6r>
as a -bevornge, -punishable
b^fpfc tu?d imprisonment^ and makes
it aironepte pdrtisliable hy fine to be intoxicated
in any public place.
HiiWinWi ijftlTfiiriiiWi iiwrrt i?. ii'ruinr
The Negroa African.
Wu arc permitted (says the Boston Post)
<> make the subjoined extract from a letter
written l>y iin officer of the United Status
Wavy to a friend in tliis city. The writer
s a son of a Into distingni.-died Senator t
roin one of the New England Slates, The
etier is w lilt en from on hoard tlie United
States ship St. J.ouis, and dated October 14,
L850, at '"Little J-'ish Bay, west coast of
Mrica
v: -.v * * i: "Xln re is very little variey
upon this const. ' Niseis!" slaves!
ni<rijeis !' is tin; crv. "I i.is town is. like
no-t other place upon tin; coast, insula up
jf a few people, called white, and si crowd,
i mass of miserable, lihhv, worthless, indoent
(nipgrts) natives, li' Charles Summer,
lack Hale, <>|-any oilier sensible man, who
.\is!ics or is willing to be p<-imuueutly cur:d
of his mock philanthropy anj sickly
entiiiieiitality in reganl to the universal
icgro race, he has only to take a six months
tnise upon the coast of Afiica. If that
.v;i 1 not enie him. and convince him that
ii? sympathy for the three and a half milions
of lite happiest negros upon the face of
life-earth is misplaced, then 1 have only to
ay lie is past hope and past cure.
"As 1 live, I do not believe there is one
negro in one thousand upon the coast of
Africa, who is as well otl', morally,physienly,
or socially, as the worst abused slaves in
he United States. Slavery here is slavery
lldecd. and of llie liio.st. 1innil?lt* Iriiwl
'iuclty ]?r;?oti-ocl here by black slave owners
is beart-rendin^ lu witness. Some
jiiiofs (blade) own thousands?tl?oy sell torlure,
o^fikill llietn, at pleasure. Ninety-nino
i>f every hundred negros, slaves or free, even
in towns, would gladly exchange their conlition
with the meanest, most ill lreated
slave ill the Union. It is iinpossibltt,to picluro
thc miserable condition of the "uativo
African upon his own soil. Civilization, or
2von partial culture, with the mass of unlives,
is ati idea so perfectly absurd that it
IOCS not :i<t 111 tl dt :i thought. With the
,:ombined efforts of a million competent,
lionest, industrious, persevering philanthropists
; with .millions of money yearly expended
to 1110. best possible, advantage for a
million of years, would not develop?, ono
hundred native Africans who would be of
iuiy account, to the woild at large. So
tmn h for "niggers.*' Having seen our neixrns
at home in our Southern States, and
having seen them here, I regard the "institulion"
as it exists there as a benign, nay,
heavenly institution, and our Southern breihern
deserve th'i thanks of the .Christian
world for having ameliorated, in such striking
rotitrast with their bretheru here three
:md a half millions of negros. * * * *
You may imagine that, although never a
Democrat, 1 pnjy for the election of Mr.
I3uehanan, and mainly because upon this
(lfOrm (tlli-sSitiil till* hrim.u-riili/t iv.rttf in
right."1 " 1 ' l
The Railroad Connection
The correspondence between the President
of South Carolina Railroad Company
:md the Mayor <?f this city,-as well as the
notion of'tlt'c City Council upon the pro*
position of connecting the tracks of the
lleorgia and South Carolina railroad, will
[>e found under th?* head of Council projcedings
in another column.
The 1'resident of the South Carolina
rndroad offered, subject to the confirmation
>fhis l'oanl of Directors, an annuity of
-ix thousand dollars for the privilege of have
ing a counccting railroad track, and a large
majority of the citizens of Augusta, in their
petition to the Council on the subject, expressed
a willingness to accept that sum annually
as a consideration for advantage
tionfeirod by the city to the railroad companies.
The Council, however, have de- . i
feriliincfl tli:il 'tlie. i-irvll.urf. is
J ?'W?HJ ICIi
lliousand dollars pur 'milium, and the negotiation
i<j hcrufore sn<y>end?d.
If the citiz -us o? Au^asta desire that the
proposition of the President of South .Carolina
Railroad t'cynpanv shall bo favorably
entertained, t!ioy must prepare to send
members to Council in April, who will rcpivsctit
their opinions in favor of accepting
I lie annuity of six thousand dollars.
Uookk A. I'kyoh.?We have road in the
I'ic-hmoud K>iq>tircr, of tlio 1.5th*inst,"with
sincere reirret. the announefirwmt of tti<? ?/ -
Imunont from that paper of (.lift gentleman,
whose mime head* this artiel1, and wljo for
nearly four years lias been the principal contributor
to its editorial columns. I its. re I i 11
|uislies the position "under constraint oCcircum*tnn<:i;s
allccting his private interest."
Mr. J'ryor, bcfoito his connectiou with tlio
Kichmoml Km/itircr, was an editor at different
times, ofilio South.Mile Dcmvcrat,
of Petersburg, Va., and of tire Washington
Union- In his editorial curcer, ^e .has
achieved for himself an enviable reputation
as a political friend and opponent by tile
vigor of intullcct/Jho ^>o)dness, ardor and
honesty he libs tffcm&ted. V We regret to lose
him from the edit^yjal corps of the - Souths
at-this jime, when jtiso mud) nefiifo sound I
oraclea for its guidance,wal fplle.wr
liiiain J)is. retirement, with* this "parting
woid of sincere and cordial bcue'dietkin."?
KKOROES-liKTUUNlKO PROM MitTfftv
Tlio {San Aptonio Texiail Bays * .
JJardly. a we?jk paesc^Cnt ninaWhy .-^negroes
are captured in Mexico, and returned
to their masters in T^a ;* ppd . it ia -now
seldom the onso thattfe hear of ojj<^$mning
away to Mexico. iUie gJ;^?n' truth ?, that
those whp are there now are'in a wretched*
condition, ami. many of them-would be glad
to gel hack to their <?ld homqa. -*Xhey are
net only ragged and.destitnto of tho comforts
of life, hiit most *>f therti are really in ft
ptarvmg condition. . 1
Muc;h danpnge baa been done .on (bo i
Shenandoah rirdr, in* Ro^jngham rouhljr,
V rrginia, by (lie recetw, rifling of thfr wa- I
tors and breaking up of the ice. Every j
mill dam on the river, from Port. Republie.to*the
pHge county line, was damaged, J
and some of them swept .'away. Consider- J
able injury was also done upon other et reams ' -a
in that vicinity. ]