Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I A Bird in Speclul Information Service, IJ. YARD THAT WORKS mj: Uk ? . , ^ ; < ^fv ? Hens in the Back Yard Will Turn KEEmflBI^ YEARLING LAYERS Poultry Raiser Must Be Guided More by Production Than by Looks. PROVIDE SANITARY QUARTERS This Year There Are Reasons Why Rule Which Is Generally Observed Should Be Relaxed ? Best Floors for Henhouses. Among formers generally It Is the common practice to sell the hens thnt ore post n yenr old for poultry when they stop laying In the fall. Under the usual conditions this Is good policy, for as a rule only about half of the flock will lay enough the second year to he profitable, and the farmer who has millets enonirh tn roniooo nil his old liens sees no advantage In keep Ing any of them over. This year, however, those patriotic farmers who desire to do their part to Increase the poultry and egg supplies will find It desirable to retain a considerable proportion of the yearllnp hens. Farmers In the corn belt especially will find It to their Interest to 'hold all the pood yearling hens they have, making such addition to their poultry house equipment as may he necessary to properly accommodate both pullets nnd bens. Overcrowding must he avoided, as neither pullets nor hens will do their best. In selecting hens to keep over, preference should he given to those that molt In September or later, for they are, as a rule, the most persistent layers. Such hens may not be at this time the best looking In the flock. They are likely to be rough In plumage. with somewhat shriveled combs and pale-colored legs. These things, however, are merely Incidental to the non-laying and molting period. Hens that appear In prime condition at this time are those that molted in the summer because they stopped laying early. The exceptions which it may be desirable to retain are hens which reared broods In early summer nnd molted while running with the chicks. The hen's greatest profit-producing period Is the first and second years, and unless a ben is an especially good | breeder she should be disposed of at the end of her second laying season land before starting to molt. Pure-bred poultry means uniformity of products. Uniformity of products means Increased profits If they tare properly marketed. Given the 1 same sare nnd feed, pure-bred fowls will make a better profit than monjgrels. Provide a box partly filled with road (dust or wood ashes sa as to give the I hens an opportunity to take a dust [bath. It gives them needed exercise l and keeps them free from lice and J mites. i FLOORS FOR HENHOUSES. | Advantages and Disadvantages of Dlfferent Types. f Poultry-house floors are usually made i of either earth, wood or cement. !Where the soil Is light and well drained tho use of earth floors gives economy In construction and Investment and a more comfortable house. Where tho drainage Is not good, nnd on heavy soils?especially those containing much clay?floors of wood or cement are generally preferred. Each kind of floor has Its advantages ,and disadvantages, consideration of , which will often lead a poultry keeper ;to use a different kind of floor from that most generally constructed In his locality. A floor of earth needs to bo renewed at least once a year. If the droppings that fall upon the floor are carefully removed at frequent, regular Intervals much of the earth Is removed with them. If the regular cleaning of the floor Is neglected, the earth to a depth of several Inches becomes so mixed the Hand | 8. Department of Agriculture. > FOR THE NATION. Kitchen Waste Into Eggs and Meat. with droppings thnt its condition Is very insanitary. When the poultry keeper has a garden the manure obtained by removing the earth floor of the poultry house will compensate for the labor of renewing the floor, and the new earth required can be taken from a convenient spot on his own land. When the poultry keeper must pay some one else to take away the old earth and bring In new, the cost will in a few years exceed the cost of n cement floor. The principal fault of a cement floor is thnt It Is likely to he cold and damp. These conditions may be corrected by covering the floor to a depth of an inch or two with dry earth or sand, using over this, scratching litter of straw or wood shavings. Floors so treated require as much routine work to keep them In good order as earth floors, but the supply of clean earth required Is much less and the work of annual renovation Is eliminated. Floods of wood are not now much used In poultry houses except when the space under the floor Is high enough to be occupied by the flock. A wooden floor close to the ground soon rots, while any space under a floor not high enough to be used for poultry makes a habor for nits and other vermin. The wooden floor of a poultry house should have a light coating of dry earth, sand, chaff or similar material to prevent the droppings of the birds from sticking to and saturating the hoards. If the chickens must be confined on account of bad weather, provide a good straw litter In which their grain feed may be scattered. This will give them exercise and keep them Interested and healthy. When chickens that have been accustomed to free range are closely confined, this frequently checks their development for the time being unless they are made contented In their new quarters. Provide green feed for them also. i In most localities the poultry house should face the south as this insures the greatest amount of sunlight during the winter. Proper ventilation and sunlight mean a dry house and kealthy birds. General Purpose Birds. Among the popular breeds of the general-purpose class of poultry there are differences In type, adapting breeds to different uses. The Plymouth Hock Is generally regarded as the type meeting the widest range of requirements In the general purpose class. Th?| Wyandotte Is n little stnnller and earlier maturing, but still very well mented and easy to fatten. The Rhode Island Red has nearly the same standards; of weight as the Wyandotte, bnl la a more active bird, not putting on fat so readily; consequently It approaches the laying type and Is popular with those who want eggs and meat, but want eggs most. The Orpington Is at the other extreme In the general-purpose clnss, helng a heavier, meatier fowl tliun the Plymouth Rock. Market whlte-sheller and brownshelled eggs In separate packages. Uniform products command the heal prices. Never market small or dirty eggs. The free use of an effective lice powder Is always In order. A dust bath la very essential In ridding the fowls ol lice. Whitewashing Is effective ngalnsl vermin. Use kerosene on the roosts and In the cracks to exterminate mites. MAKE MONEY WITK POULTRY Shown That There Are Difficulties to Overcome Sufficient to Discourage Majority. If success In the poultry businesa came easier than In any other, the movement towards It would be so great that In a short time there would be no profit In It for any one. The fact thnt there Is still Rood money In poultry kee^ ?; for thoso who know how, shows us that there are dlfllcultles to be overcome sufficient to discourage the majority. Grass Range for Geese. If you have a good grass range where geese can be raised apart from the rest <?f the poultry, this would be a good time to utilize It for cheap meat production. Open Letter From Chairman of Woman's Council of Defense. Columbia, S. C., Dec. 4, 1917. ! To the Women of the Council of De- ] fense: ; Mr9. F. Louise Mayes of Greenville, ] chairVnan of the South Carolina Wo- ; man's Council of Defense, has sent out ] the following instructions for your ; information. The food administration will be glad if you will carry these < out in your community. ( "Now that the conservative pledges ; have been made by the women of our j State, it is imperative to follow with i suggestions that may prove helpful 1 to the housewives in their attempts < io Keep me pledge, and still provide ii tempting and nourishing menus for j their families. If we take from a child a cherished 1 toy, we disturb the equilibrium of its 1 happiness until it is restored by newer, or more attractive play,things. Men and women are but children of a larger growth, and we all know from i personal experience that until the ne- : cessity is urgent our husbands, broth- 1 ers and sons do not fancy giving up 1 their hot biscuit, roll and toast. Those ' wiser than we, with a owrld-wide vision of our own and our Allies' needs, t have prescribed a meatless and wheat- t less day, each week. Some of us know t that in families, not vitally connected i with the army by the tie of brother, f husband or son, that there is some re- j i sentment felt toward this disturbance t of their time honored menus. "'Tis c true, 'tis pity; 'tis pity 'tis true," but, t nevertheless, we must face the facts t that exist, not ideals, that should prevail. It is with the hope then of as- c sisting the housewives in keeping the f peace of the family, that I enclose ( some war recipes which have been I prepared to meet this need by Mrs. Kat Brew Vaughn. We have tested : them, and know they are tempting and 1 nourishing. Try them for yourselves, and then, if possible, get the coopera- ' tion of your county demonstrator and j ' give demonstrations in the towns and i' country school houses. Couple with thihs demonstration a]' 1L- - ? * 1 iuii\ kj11 cvuMuniy in oincr uncs. Ask j their cooperation in this year's Christ- jl mas privinjr. Let ps confine our tfift s ^ to our immediate families, and the | x children in our homes. This will leave 1 us more for the next I.'iherty Loan. 1 Red Cross and Y. M. C. A. cam- jv paigrns, all of which are coming: in due ' time, and we shall want to help. Aprain may I ask the cooperation of s the South Carolina women i?"fcerving: refreshments at social functions, largre ^ or small. If we would use fruilt sal- ' ads and crackers, with whatever bev- ] eraere we prefer, there would he an ^ immense saving: of wheat and meats. ! We are accustomed to use sandwiche1J to a largre extent at social functions, and there is always waste connected with sandwiches. 'Tis true the crackers are wheat, hut those left over are in perfect condition, which is not the 1 case in the sandwiches. Urgre, too. the winter prarden. It is 1 more important now than it was in ' the spring:. Now is the time to plant ! Enprlish peas for early use. Onions, ' spinach, kale, mustard and radishes can all he planted now to great ad- | vantage. Don't let's leave the back I yard empty, when we can supply our tables from them now, as we did in the spring:. We must keep preaching: the g'ospel of economy and thrift. Plant a largre bed of turnip rooted radishes for your chickens for their wheatless, meatless days. You will be surprised at the eap:erness with which they devour them and the good results you obtain. This suggestion is for those who have nto the space for rye." Yours very truly, Joe Sparks, , Executive Secretary. , WAR T rci^ES. Met I rf. 1 cup bread crumb, i iscuit or crackers) 1 lb. pood meat, or 1 1-4 lb. scrappy meat (ground). 2 frankfurters (ground 3 times). 1 tablespoonful of onion. 1 tablespoonful of green peppers (if have them). 1 tablespoonful of flour. All cup of water. Seer on all sides i with flour, cook 3-4 hour in moderate oven. Serve with brown sauce, 1 browning flour first. IVIpilt I f fnw IVfnal * ??.?>v -??m? ?"? tfivitvicns i /nj I 1 cup of crumbs. 2-8 cup scalded milk. 2 tablespoons of peanut butter. ^ 1 cup ground parched peanuts. 1 tablespoonful minced onions. 1 teaspoon salt, dash pepper. 1 tablespoon worchester, or any sauce. I 1 teaspoon of baking powder. 1 egg (beate nsepalately). Make into loaf and bake until 1 brovVn, as everything in the loaf is cooked, it does not require much cook- i ing. Serve with brown suucqr, made i of drippings left from meat days, or i mint gelatine. i / War Bread. 1-2 cup cooking molasses. 1-2 cup brown sugar. 1-2 cup corn meal. L 1-2 cup white flour. 2 cups Graham flour. 1 teaspoonsful making powder. 1 cup nuts and dates mixed. 2 cups milk. 1 1-2 teaspoonsful salt. 1-4 cup shortening (melted). 1-2 teaspoonful soda. 2 tablepoonsful hot water. Sift all the dry ingredients togeth?r, add molasses and milk, nuts and lates, shortening-, and last the soda ind hot water (mixed). Bake in jreased pans. Let rise about twenty ninutes before putting- in moderately lot oven, bake about 4i? minutes. Cup )f peanut butter may be used instead if shortening and nuts, if desired. Thrift Cake. (To be made when whites of eRg < lave been used fo rwhite cake) 1 cup Rr. .suRar. 1-2 cup shortening. *> eRRs (yolks only). ' -2 cup milk. 12 teaspoonful salt. 2 cups flour. 1-8 teaspoon* nutmeg:. I teaspoonful oranire extract. > teaspoonsful baking: powder. Cream sujrar and shortening:, add he yolks of crrs well beaten, stir he mixture until soft. liRht and reamy. Alternate the milk ai d drj inRredients (sifted previously) torether, add the extract last and bake n rather thick layers. Allow the b iter to thorouRhly rise in moderat" iven, before increasiiiR the heat. (I equires about "0 minutes for this to nake in one layer). Franklin tine sugar is excellent for lakes made with shorteninR. Powlered suyar for Snor.Re and Anpel Dake. Old fashioned brown is excelent for cookies and RinRer bread. Cheese Croquettes. ? tablespoons of butter. L-4 cup (lour. !-3 cup milk, salt and petter to taste. L 1-2 cups Rrated che ese. I cup macaroni (left over) Mnch mustard. Make a thick white sauce, using: luttcr, pepper, salt, flour and milk. A'hen the sauce is well done, add the rr, without first bcatinor, stir until veil blended. Remove from fire and vhen cool add the Rrated cheese and nacaroni (cut in small pieces). Form nto< croquettes, dip in crr, diluted vith small amount of water) roll in iread crumbs, and fry in deep fat. Test for fat: Cube of bread inch square should brown in 40 counts. Rice and Tomato Croquettes. 12 cup rice or hominy. L cup tomatoes or canned tomato soup. L tnhlespoonful onion. I tablespoonful Rreen pepper if have it. Salt, pepper, etc., to taste. I 1-4' cups cheese, t tnhlespoonful butter, t tablespoonful flour. I cup chicken or beef stock. Steam the rice in the stock. Cook the tomatoes, pepper and onion together. Ituh throuRh sieve and add to the steamed rice. Remove from fire and add orr and cheese and sea sonintr after it cools. Form into ball-?, lip in epe:, roll in crumbs and fry ] in deep fat. Remove and nut on paper or blotter to absorb the surplus urease, before servinp. NOTR E 1 .) TAX PAYERS 1 From January 1st to February 20, < 1018, the County Auditor's books will 1 be open for makinp returns. All ( who are liable to taxation will please | see that their returns are properly , made. . All real estate and personal property have to be returned. Poll Tax 1 Ifrom twenty-one to sixty. All re- 1 turns must be made by School Dis- 1 tricts. If you have property in more 1 than one District make return for , each District. Also make returns ( of transfers of real estate from one party to another. Your failure to make returns call ' for fifty p??r cent penalty as prescribed ' by law. Will be in office all of January except as stated below: i Carlisle, January 22. j Snntnc .Inniinm Q1 , j, -... j Lockhart, January 24. Adamsburg, January 2.1th, in the morning. Kelton, January 25 in the evening. 1 Joncsville, January 29. 1 Buffalo, February 5. s Union Mills, February 6. j Monarch Mills, February 7, in the , morning. Ottaray Mills, February 7, in the evening. J West Springs February 8. Cross Keys Wilburn's Store, Feb- f ruary 13, in the morning. i Sedalia, Minter's Store, February i 13, in the evening. > Goshen Hill, February 14, at Blac^C j Rock. J. S. Betenbaugl% 19-tf. County Auditor. 1 Drives Out Malaria, Builds Up System r The Old Standard general strengthening tonic, GROVE'S TASTELESS chill TONIC, drives out Malar la. enriches the blood, and build* up the sys- r tern. A true tonic. For adult* and children. 60c , m , ( Buenos Aires, Dec. f?.?Strikers j nade an attack today on workmen in i cold storage plant at Da Negra, ( province of Buenos Aires. One perjon killed and several were wounded. V | j?a??c? ? ! ! iii ?nm?i |l cSS THE UNIVER J It is most important whe mechanical attention that M| the authorized Ford dealt 5^ sure of havinp repairs am tl penuine Ford-made materi ahout Ford cars. So brin satisfaction is puaranteed. at all times and Ford cars about s"I-I."?; Tourinp Car ? Car ; Seilan ><!;.">; On ?all f. o. I). Detroit. f j J. I.. I 11 J. W. y f:H | v. Si a?wr^-r* i!l 1 | ^0/ ' fjj!: ^?->?^??"?JM?.iwiia?iMj> iifti?i T elephone BELL Telephone stantly trying to prevc kind in the workin ment, and to repair sue as possible after they o Subscribers are asl immediately, and to e: patience while it is bei If you do not i working on your tele mean that you are n attention. The difficulty may board, in the cable or eral other places. Tw be at work hunting it c It is always our ffr clear troubles promptl 11 hen you Tele SOUTHERN EELL TE AND TELEGRAPH ( Enlistments, Aviation 11 Section, Signal Corps j 1. The United States Air Service (official title, Aviation Section of the Signal Corps, U. S. Army) needs 1?>.D00 expert mechanics of various trades. All who have not been re- ' rjuired to register can volunteer at any time they desire to do so, hut those who are within the draft age must en- w list before December lath. Tf they do not enlist before this date, they can- li not choose the branch of the service li they desire. All men desiring to enlist should report to the nearest re- !l 111 bruiting officer before the 13th of De- u member, to give time for making out ill the necessary papers in their case. i? =so that every thing can be completed el before the 15th. ti 2. The Army Air Service must have mechanics who can be absolutely Fc trusted. If the training of these men ^ is not. utilized just so much advantage (l c enincd hv thp nnr>mv nnrt n cprtnin a lumber of lives must be paid as the ai arice. This means is beinp taken to keep these men from beinp drafted P' and (their ability not beinp known) w assigned where they would not be so . C( aseful to their country. 3. This service is the newest and p] arobably the most interestinp of all p< tranches of the army, and the public tt ?eems always anxious to know what w s beinp done in it. Voluntary enlist- * nenth for this branch of the service jV ,vas closed some six months apo, but w las now been reopened for a short aeriod (from now to December loth) oi md for this reason it is desired to di rive every qualified man the chance of ?! ivailinp himself of this opportunity. 4. Herewith enclosed are various ^ irculars on the subject. It is repiesteed that you pive this as wide aublicity as possible, nnd ohlipe. H. H. C. Richards, ^apt. Aviation Section, Sipnnl Corps, G Departmen Aeronautical Officer, or Southeastern Department. 3f SAL CAR 51 3 *\\i n your Ford Car require- I'lls you place it in charge of ?r, because then you are 1 replacements made with j'qj als by men who know .:!! fjlj^ g your Ford to us \vi < k liii Prompt, efficient servit I'jjju if you wish to buy: Rui *f| -Hi"; Coupelet 7m\ e-Ton Truck ('has. is $(i(l(> 4ii>2 T2 1'nimt. "liil I.I I'SCOW II, Jnnesville. vl|0 >' 1 > 101 > I >. Whit mire. jt'tu ^ I j T roubles employees are con:nt trouble of any gs of the equip:h troubles as soon ccur. ccdto report trouble jcercise a reasonable ng cleared. see a man actually phone, it does rot ot receiving proper r be at the switchat any one of sevo or three men may Jown. \ st consideration to y. phone?Smile .LEPHONE ? COMPANY Xjgri?tp(0^ ?r. Frederic Jacobson Says. ?">''< of Women Need Phosphates ft? Give Them Strong.*Healthy, Bounded Figure and to Avoid Nervous Break I town. Thousands of Women Grow Stronir in Nature's Way. Consider the Lilies of tJie Field. How They Grow." The life of the lily is but a few eeks or months. The life of man is three score years and ten." But to ve one's life in its fullness, women ke the lily, must be nourished by lose same rival elements which naire provides for nourishing every livig thiner; and these include the valable phosphate so often lacking in le usual food we eat today. Argohosphate ia rich in these wonderful lementa. It contains them in concen*atcd tablet form which is easy to ike and quickly assimulated and ab>rbed into the system, and from youth > old ag?. builds and rebuids body and rain in beautiful harmony with Name's perfect plan. "That's why" rgo-Phosphate makes good solid flesh nd muscles. SPECIAL NOTICE: Argo-Phoshate contains the Natural phosphate hich thousands of physicians are rescribing daily to build up thin. pale, ilorless women to give them ro v iceks, red lips, and a beautiful comlexion. Many cases have been reirted where women have increased leir weipht from 15 to 25 poundith a few weeks' treatment, and any oman who desires a well rounded id developed form, should secure om her drutrprist, this new drujr hich is inexpensive and is dispensed any reliable druggist with or withit a doctor's prescription. If y?m niprprist will not supply you, send 1.00 to the Arpro Laboratories, 10 orsyth St., Atlanta, Ga., and they ill send you a two weeks' treatment / return mail. QUICK LOANS. Money to ioan upon county or city al estate. Loan may be had for from ie to twenty ye *rs. btf Ilarron & Barron.