The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, December 01, 1916, Page 6, Image 6
CONGRESSIONAL
COMMITTEE BEGINS
RAILWAY INQUIRY
Proposed by President to Better
Condition ot Carriers.
MAY CHANGE PRESENT SYSTEM
Officials of Roads Prepared to Advocate
Federal Incorporation, Supervision of
Securities and Extension of Authority
of Interstate Commerce Commission.
Washington. Nov. 'jo. Ton members
of Congress, live Senators and live
members of tile House of KepleM iitattves,
lieurn here t In\ an inquiry into
the -subject or public ?<>ii!r?>l and miporvi?ii(iu
<if t:iiir'Ui(K that may lend t<>
th** i ??\-??lnt i??nix.ii?ir < ! t he w ! -scheme
of gov en tin !:i| regit -itinn of I lie coilti
try's traimp"1'ati< n lii Incidentally
the ('(Hiimiitec is in lniiU in' - I!:? ?i':? thai
of goveminent owner-hip of rail
ways, telephone ami telegraph lines
ami express companies.
The tiieinlicrs of the committee
which will eomlmt this important investigation
are Senator Newlands of
Nevada, ehalnnan: Senators Ilohinson
of Arkansas. I'nderwood of Alabama.
Cummins of low.a and Urnndegeo of
Connecticut, and Kepie-mntatIves Adainson
of tJeorgia. Sims of Tennessee.
Cullop of Indiana, Kseli of Wisconsin
and Hamilton of Michigan. The inqulry
was recommended by President
Wilson in his message to Congress in
December of last year. He described
as its purpose to determine what could
he done "for bettering the conditions
under which the railroads are operated
and for making tneni more useful servants
of the country as a whole."
Prominent Men as Witnesses.
In order to obtain the views of all
interests affected by the operations of
the transportation lines the committee
has invited prominent shippers, hank
ers, representatives of commercial organizations.
railway executives, economists
and others to appear before them.
The first to be heard are railroad
commissioners of various states who
began their evidence today. Their
tpstlninnv rllroctnH phl^flv
lug any enlargement of the federal
authority over commerce that would
detract from the powers now exercised
by state bodies. They will be followed
shortly by officials of railway labor
organizations who are expected to register
their opposition to the Increase
of governmental authority over wages
and conditions of labor.
Chief interest in the hearings centers
In the proposals that will be put
forward by representatives of the railroads.
for It Is reported that they will
advocate nn extension of federal authority
over rates ana securities to the
practical exclusion of state control of
these matters. It Is understood also that
they will go on record in favor of fed
oral lncorj)oration of all railroad lines
Legislative Program of Railroads.
From an authoritative source is obtained
tln? following outline of the legislative
program which the railroads
will ask the committee to consider In
Its investigation: They will endeavor
to demonstrate to the commission that
one of the principal defects In the present
system of railroad regulation Is
the lack of coordination resulting from
the simultaneous and conllicting regulation
by the federal government and
by the 48 states They will, therefore,
ask that entire governmental control
of the rates and practices of interstate
carriers, excent nurclc inmi
bo placed in tho bands of n federal
body so that Interstate traffic may be
regulated without rofcrpnco to state
linos, leaving t<> tlie state commissions
Jurisdiction only over local matters and
local public utilities. As a part of this
plan, a compulsory system of federul
incorporation Is to be recommended,
accompanied by federal supervision of
railroad stock and bond issues.
A reorganization of the Interstate
Commerce Commission will be asked.
In order to enable the commission properly
to exercise its Increased powers.
It Is also proposed that the preparation
and prosecution of cases against the
railroads shall be delegated to some
other agency of the government, possibly
the Department of Justice, so that
the commission may devote Its energies
to its administrative functions.
With the commission thus relieved
of some of Its present duties and equipped
to handle Its business more nromnt
]y, the railroads will urge that the period
during which the commission may
now suspend proposed increases In
rates be reduced from ten months to
GO days, with provision for reparation
to be paid to the shippers If the advance
shnll be declared unreasonable.
They will also ask that the cominls
slon be given the power to prescribe
minimum as well as maximum rales
so that In meeting complaints of dis
crimination the commission may order
the advance of n rate which It considers
too low.
One of the most important recommendations
for which the railroads
will ask favorable consideration Is
that the commission be specifically
authorized to take into account In
rate regulation the effect of rates
upon total earnings in the light of expenses.
While the Newlands Committee is
required, under the resolution creating
it. to submit n report by January
2 next, it Is not anticipated (hat tha
Committee wih have rome anywhere
near completing its labors then.
TROPICAL STUFF ESSENTIAL
TO AVERAGE PFRSON
<
Washington, Nov. 24.?More and
more the United States is becoming
dependent upon tropical countries for i
various supplies which have come to
be necessaries of modern American (
life.
Figures compiled by the Bureau of t
Foreign and Domestic commerce of 1
the department of commerce make it 1
clear that Uncle Sam has reached a t
point where his daily activities would c
he badly hampered if the continued
flood of tropical goods into the eoun- t
try were suddenly cut off. j
He would get up in the morning to t
a breakfast minus the great Ameri- (
can drink of coffee, and he would 1
be shy sugar for his cereal unless he t
used beet sugar. He would have to t
forego tea and cocoa as beverages, and i
he would he without his supply of c
spices and high-priced tropical to- j
bacco. {
In a statement showing the extent \
of Uncle Sam's dependencies on the I
I t ropics, and the constantly increasing (
| amount of tropical goods which Uncle i
j Sam buys, the bureau of foreign and
j domestic commerce said: 1
'.More than a billion dollars worth ;
' of tropical products were brought ]
I into this country during the fiscal (
year The exact total was $1,- I
0i>0.850.41 <>, and this was a decided in- \
crease over the $S07.(542.182 of 1 !M~?, ;
the $r?or?.r?ll.r>r>2 in 1 !I0~>. and the i
. 176,706 in 1895. 1
"These large and rapidly increas- ;
mg purcnases ot tropical products i
consist mainly of foodstuffs and raw
materials not produced in the United
States and of certain others grown
in our insular territories.
"Sugar heads the list, with imports
valued at $.'>14,000,000 in the fiscal
year 101(1. That sum represents an
increase of $">7,000,000 over 1915 and
of $1 .">(>,000,000 over 1914. India rubber,
gutta percha, gutta poolatong
and other substitutes for rubber showed
imports in 1910 valued at $'158,000,000
as against $8(5,000,000 in the
preceding year. Imports of raw silk
amounted in value to $124,000,000, a
5 per cent, increase over 1915; coffee,
$11(5,000,000, an increase of about 8
per cent over 1915; fibers other than
flax, $50,000,000, an increase of almost
50 per cent.; fruits and nuts, $55,000,000,
a very slight increase; raw
cotton, $40,000,000, an increase of
about 70 per cent.; tobacco and manufacturers
of $38,000,000, a decrease
of about $2,750,000; and cocoa and
chocolate, $30,000,000, an increase of
50 per cent over 1915.
"Other important items in this
group are vegetable oils, $"34,000,000,
as against $25,000,000 in 1915; tea,
$21,000,000, compared with $18,000,000
last year; gums; $15,000,000,
against $12,000,000 in 1915; dyewoods
and extracts, $10,000,000, against $5,000,000
in 1915; spices, $9,000,000,
against $0,000,000 in 1915; indigo,
$ 8,000,000 against $1,600,000 in the
preceding year; rice, $0,200,000,
against $6,400,000 in 1915; and cabinet
woods, $4,000,000, against $4,300,000
in 1915.
"Feathers, ivory, sago and tapioca,
vanilla beans, licorice root, opium,
quinine-bearing barks, and sponges,
in sums varying from about $3,000,000
down to less than $1,000,000
each, complete the list of the more
important tropical and sub-tropical
products imported."
Help
[Nature Uo It
c~ !
Don't you see how Bho is (
workinp to fret rid of your colds j
and catarrh? The effort con- f
tinues all the time, but in hot j
weather you catch a fresh cold t
every day or so, add to the (
catarrh in your system, and
soon it is chronic?systemic. <
Your digestion suffers, you ):
have trouble with stomach and
bowels. Get at the real disease. {
Clear up catarrh, and the other '
troubles will disappear. "
Aid With Peruna 1
t
Peruna Is a pood tonic, with I
special efficacy in catarrhal conditions.
Uuilu up your resistance,
Qand at the same tlnio 1
treat the catarrh. ,
Supply nature with
more vipor, pive your 1
body a chance to pet ,
well, and summer will 1
not annoy you. The 1
healthy man defies ,
the weather. 1
Peruna has helped <
make countless thou- J
sands well in the last
4 4 years.
Use It yourself. {
Tablet form Is very f
fcfc v/ convenient for repu'ar
aclministrutlon.
THE PERUNA CO. |
I COLUMBUS, OHIO
HOUSEWIVES UP IN ARMS. 1
Norfolk, Nov. 27.?Members of the '
Housewives' Ueautfe, of Norfolk, today
decided to adopt a boycott apainst ]
the use of eggs and turkeys unless
local retailers reduce the price of the ,
former to 35 cents a dozen and of the
latter to 40 cents a pound. The boycott
will go into effect the latter part
of this week.
YOU CAN HAVE '
<
beautiful hair if you keep the scalp |
clean and healthy. Neglect results ,
in uauiness. we recommend
WUU& !
Jl%SELSiZJf
TRAOI MARM
Sold by us; f>0c and $1.00. Glymph'a
Pharmacy, Union, S. C. ?
MASTER'S SALE.
State of South Carolina,
County of Union.
Court of Common Pleas.
Vdele Geisinger, et a)., Plaintiffs,
against
joldie Geisinger, et al., Defendants.
In obedience to an order made in
he above stated case, I will sell at
Jnion during the legal hours of sale
)efore the Court house door, on Saleslay,
December 4th, 1916, the following
lescribed lands, to wit:
1st. All that certain piece, parcel
>r lots of land situate in Union Townhip,
County and State aforesaid, conaining
Twenty-seven and 15.100
'27 15-100) acres, more or less, and
mown as Lots Nos. 12, 14 and 15 in
he survey of A. II. Osborne's land,
iurvcyed and platted by Davis Jeffies,
surveyor, in October, 1907, re orded
in the ofTiee of Clerk of Court
'or Union County, in Plat Book at
Kige 29, "Being the same lots eoneyed
to Abe Geisinger by A. B. Os>orne
by deed bearing date the 27th
lay of February, 1901. and recorded
n Book No. 48 at page 6;
2nd. All that lot or parcel of land
ving, being and situate in the State
md County aforesaid and being Ijots
\'os. S in Block .T. and Lot 22 in Block
" of the subdivision of the John A.
'ant Real Estate Company and sureyed
by .TelFrics and Smith in 1908,
md recorded in Plat Book at page
17 in the oflice of Clerk of Court for
!.Tnion County and State aforesaid,
,?.i 4V.A i~<?
IH*I l/Vlllf; lll*J .-"tuiiu IUU1 lu
\braham Geisinger by the John A.
'ant Real Estate Company by deed
waring date the 28th day of January,
1008, recorded in Book No. 48, at page
J;
3rd. All those lots of land known
is I.ots Nos .1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of
[ lock No. 1, and all those lots of land
mown as Lots Nos. 7, 8 and 9 in
Block No. 18 of the Culp land as will
liore fully appear by plat made by
E. C. Brown, C. E., Nov., 1904, and
leing the same lots conveyed to "M.
Binsburg" (Abraham Geisinger) by
B. II. Pcake, Master, by deed bearing
late the 28th day of November, 1904,
ind recorded in Book 0.33 at page
135;
4th. Ail that certain piece, lot and
mrcel of land located and lying and
jeing situate in the Town of Union,
Bounty of Union and State aforesaid,
'ronting South on Sharp's Street
rwenty-one (21) feet and running
^orth Forty-five (45) feet to Lot No.
?. Said lot?being known as Lot.
*o. 3 of the John L. Young Virgin
street land sale as surveyed and
jlatted by J. F. McPherson, and re orded
in Book T, No. 37, at page
>81, R. M. C. for Union County and
wing the same lot conveyed to A.
Beinsinger by Susan Jane Weber by
leed bearing date the 11th day of Feb uary,
1911, and recorded in Book Z,
14, at page 556;
u
5th. All that certain piece or par:el
or lot of land lying, being and sitlate
on Bachelor Street in the Town
>f Union, County of Union and State
iforesaid, measuring Twelve (12)
'eet six (6) inches on Bachelor Street
ind running West One Hundred and
Sighty-six (180) feet to Capt. A. II.
Foster's line, and hounded on the
^lorth by lot of J. J. Purcell, Trustee,
Sast by Bachelor Street, South by
Mrs. Ada May. It being the same lot
onveyed to Capt. F. M. Farr by J. J.
^urcell, Trustee, on January 13th,
1005, and being the same lot conveyed
o Abraham Geisinger by F. M. Farr
\v deed hearing date the 10th day of
ranuary, 1000, and recorded in Book
iV. 10, at page 300, and also with this
;aid lot is the right, privilege and
?asement of joining and building to,
ihove and below the surface of the
ground, sinking joints into, and of usng
and enjoying as a party wall in
he construction, erecton and mainenance
of any brick building he may
hoose to erect upon said lot, the
Southern wall of my J. J. Purcell,
1'rustee, said store building, situate
>n Bachelor Street, in the Town of
Jnion, County of Union, State aforesaid
and hounded on the South by his
said lot as aforesaid; the said right,
privilege and easement hereby grantfd
as to the said wall to begin at a
mint with said Southern wall where
t commences and fronts on the said
bachelor Street and extending back
vith said wall a distance of Seventyive
(75) feet and no further. Being
he easement granted to said Abralam
Geisinger by J. J. Purcell, Trusee,
by easement bearing date the 16th
lay of December, 1907, and recorded
n Book V-39, at pages 586 and 587.
Terms of sale: One-half cash, ballnce
on a credit payable one year
Tom date of sale, interest at the rate
>f eight per cent per annum, credit
lortion to be secured by bond of the
mrchaser or purchasers and a mortgage
of the premises sold, purchaser
>r purchasers to have the option of
raying all cash.
R. C. Williams,
16-3 As Master for Union County.
NOTICE OF FINAL DISCHARGE.
State of South Carolina,
County of Union.
Court of Probate.
Notice is hereby Riven, that on the
Hh day of December, 1910, at 11
fclock, a. m., in the Court of Pro>ate
for said County, the undersigned
.vill make his final settlement as
Guardian of the Estate of Oliver G.
[{ice, and that thereupon he will apuly
to the Judge of said Court, for
lis final discharge as such Guardian.
Evelina S. Rice.
This 8th day of November, 1910.
Published in The Union Times for
10 days.
PLENTY OF DYES SOON.
American Factories Will Shortly Be
Able to Furnish All of the Aniline
Dyes That Are Needed.
Paterson, N. J., Nov. 24.?Women
may now get practically all of the
color effects in dress goods that were
known before the war upset the dye
industry, and will soon have every
known color to choose from, all made
in America fully as good in quality
as those made in Germany or any
other country, according to I. F. Stone,
president of the National Aniline and
Chemical company, who addressed
the National Silk Association convention
here today.
Mr. Stone told many interesting
things about the dye situation. The
seriousness of it, as it was viewed two
years ago, has largely disappeared, he
said. Large increases in production
of dyestuffs by the already established
factories in this country, and the installment
of a large number of new
factories, has so cleared the situation
"that at the present time the production
of the American factories will be
! enough to take care of the whole con|
sumption of aniline dyes in this
country in the futures, for all of what
another year has passed every color
which is necessary to American consumers
will be produced in this country."
In explaining the success of the
American dye factories, Mr. Stone I
said that benzole, from which practically
all aniline colors are derived,
j was now being produced in this country
at the rate of UO,000,000 gallons
per annum, as against .'1,000,000 prior
to the war, so that there is an ample
supply of this basic material. From
it arc now being manufactured largely
such intermediates as aniline oil,
betanapthol, paranipranlin, chlorbenzole,
dimenthylanilin and paraphcnylenediamine,
so that American
manufacturers of colors are able to
get sufficient raw materials to manufacture
enough colors to supply the
whole consumption.
"There is a popular impression,"
said Mr. Stone, "that American manufactured
colors are not as good as
those manufactured in Europe, Germany
particularly, and this is an impression
I wish to definitely correct,
in that it is not a fact for American
colors are made from practically the
same chemical formulae as the European
colors and are practically the
same product in every way.
The Quinine That Does Not Affect The Head
Uecause of its tonic and laxative effect. LAXATIVE
BROMO QUININE is better than ordinary
Quinine and does not cause nervousness nor
ringing, in head. Remember the full name and
took for the signature of K. W. GROVE- 25c.
MASTER'S SALE.
State of South Carolina,
County of Union.
Court of Common Pleas.
Emily Crook, et al., Plaintiffs,
against
Celestive Crook, et al., Defendants.
In obedience to an order made in
the above stated case, I will sell at
Union, during the legal hours of sale,
before the Court house door, on Salesday,
December the 4th, 1916, the following
lands, to wit:
All that certain tract or parcel of
land, lying, being, and situate in Cross
Keys Township, County of Union, and
State aforesaid, containing Fifty-eight
(58) acres, more or less, and bounded
by lands of J. F. Starns, L. B. Templeton,
Moses Garrett and others.
Terms to sale to be cash, purchaser
to pay for papers and recording.
R. C. Williams,
46-3 As Master for Union County.
MASTER'S SALE.
State of South Carolina,
County of Union.
Court of Common Pleas.
The Enterprise Building and Loan
Association, Plaintiff,
against
John D. Norris, et al., Defendants.
Tn obedience to an order made in
the above stated case, I will sell at
Union, during the legal hours of sale,
before the Court house door, on Salesday,
Dec. 4th, 191(5,
All that certain lot of land containing
one-third of an acre, which
was conveyed to him hy L. G. Young
and recorded in the office of Clerk of
Court for Union County and State
aforesaid, in Book P, No. 34, at page
211, and lying and being situate in
the City of Union, County and State
aforesaid, and commonly known as
Lot No. 8 in the subdivision of L. G.
Young's Dawkins tract as will appear
more fully reference being had
to a plat made by John L. Young in
October, 189(5;
Also, all that certain tract of land
in the Town of Union, County of Union
and State aforesaid, known as Ix>t
No. 9 in John L. Young's resurvey
and subdivision of Tract No. 2 of L.
G. Young's Dawkins place in September
and October, 189(5, having the following
metes and bounds?beginning
at stake corner Lots Nos. 9 and 13 on
Jackson Street, thence F.ast. f?R links
to corner, thence Southeast 2.70 to
stake, thence South 80 West 1.75 to
stake, thence N .3 E 2.00 with Jackson
Street to the beginning and containing
one-fourth of an acre, more or
less, and bounded on the North by Lot
No. 13, East by Sophia Wright, South
by I.<ots Nos. 7 and 8, and West by
Jackson Street.
Terms of Sale: One-half cash, balance
on a credit one year from date
of sale with interest thereon at the
rate of eight per cent per annum,
credit portion to be secured by bond
of purchaser and a mortgage of the
premises, purchased to have the option
of paying all cash.
R. C. Williams,
46-3 As Master for Union County.
Hope Almost Al
When Sh
Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin Relieves
Chronic Case of Long Standing.
After a long period of suffering
with liver and bowel trouble that,
brought on piles, during which she
had tried many remedies without obtaining
relief, Mrs. Mary J .Jewell,
of Berrien Springs, Mich., heard of
Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin and obtained
a bottle from her druggist.
This simple, inexpensive laxative
compound brought almost immediate
relief and Mrs. Jewell wrote to Dr.
Caldwell about her case.
In her letter Mrs. Jewell says, "I
had tried so many things for the piles,
without being helped at all, I had
about given up hope of ever being any
better. I knew it was the condition
of my bowels that caused them, and
aitor i had taken a bottle of your
Syrup Pepsin I knew it was just the
medteine I needed. I am very grateful
to you for sending me the little
book?the advice and instructions it
gives would teach anyone how to get
well and how to keep well."
Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin is a
combination of simple laxative herbs
with pepsin, free from opiates or narcotic
drugs, and is mild and gentle in
| The CHEV
^ IS Attractive in Appears
1 IS Reasonable in Price?
y IS Comfortable to Ride i
y IS Economical in Operat
$ IS Built to Endure?
\ IS Equipped With Every
I
:fi There are Other Good
iji tion Will Show. Let Me !
W. E. GRE1
1 UNIOI
One Pair o
...Life
Are you abusing and
you will pay the price lat
of all headaches arise fro
aching, burning eyes that
and many other ills are
strain. In such cases th(
that is an unfailing one?
SCHOOL CHILDREN
carefully examined befon
if necessary, fitted with g
An examination will cos
is no need for glasses I v
for glasses are very reas<
every pair with an absol
tion.
F. C. UUKE,
13 Main Street
land sa^e.
State of South Carolina,
County of Union.
Court of Common Pleas.
J. L. Belue, Plaintiff,
against
M. O. Belue, Defendant.
In obedience to an order made in
the above stated case by His Honor,
Judge Jas. E. Peurifoy, on November
2nd, 1916, I will expose to public sale
to the highest bidder, in front of the
Courthouse door ,at Union, in the
County of Union, in said State, on the
first Monday in December, 1916, within
the legal hours of sale, the following
described property, to wit: All
that certain tract or parcel of land
lying and being situate about four
miles North of the City of Union, on
the Union and Spartanburg Public
Road, in Union Township, Union County,
State aforesaid, containing one (1)
acre, anil bounder! as follows. to wit*
by lands of Mrs. E. C. Evans, lands
now or formerly of the estate of J.
F. Belue, lands belonging to Union
County, known as the Union County
Poor House farm, and by the Union
and Spartanburg Public Road. Said
one acre of land to be sold together
with Cotton Ginnery, Grist Mill and
Saw Milling outfit located thereon.
Terms of Sale: Cash, purchaser to
pay for papers and recording; the
aforesaid Order further providing
that all persons desiring to bid at
% \
mndoned
e Found Remedy
its action, brinprinpr relief in an easy,
natural way, wthout griping, or other
pain or discomfort.
Pruprprists everywhere sell Dr. Caldwell's
Syrup Pepsin for lifty cents a
bottle. To avoid imitations and inef
ictim; ouuotitutus dc sure you get ur.
Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin. Sec that a
facsimile of Dr. Caldwell's signature
and his portrait appear on the yellow
carton in which the bottle is packed.
A trial bottle, free of charge, can ne
obtained by writing to Dr. W. B. Ca'?dwell,
455 Washington St., Monticello,
Illinois.
RQLET Car j
LllCe \
That is Point No. 1 g
/ |
Tha/t is Point No. 2 g
Tlfiat is Point No. 3 j|
ion? J j|
Jrhat is Point No. 4 \
j That is Point No. 5 A
Convenience? <;
t That is Point No. 6 J:
P/oints that a Demonstra- ;j|
Sjfiow YOU.
EN, Dealer |
Sr, s. c. |
f Eyeis to a
time...
meglecting yours? If, so,
Ar. More than two-thirds
?im eye-strain. Dim vision,
; g-oon tire, granulated lids
dute to some form of eye
ire lis but one remedy and
-prdtyerly fitted glasses.
should have their eyes
i beintg taxed by study and
;lasses:
5t you Nothing, and if there
yill tell .you so. My prices
enable aXid I stand back of
ute guarantee of satisfac.
Optometrist
Union, South Carolina
said sale, shall, before being allowed
to bid, deposit with the undersigned
Receiver the sum of One Hundred Dollars,
as evidence of good faith, the
said sum to be forfeited in event naid
person failing to comply with his or
her bid. R. P. Morgan,
Receiver for Belue & Belue.
Barron & Barron,
Attys. for Receiver. 45-3
a for the
Hair I
sVW'v CLLA OKAN Hilt n. b?t
& K pli tuia to tltow to w her
*2 V Lair looki aftrr nriur
B R EXELENTO
? It mi nyi'T andtiaw, M
u ?9) , n w it la t? anly-two IucIjm
J*1 loon, m>(I and silky.
-j Don't bo fooled all
\ ii your life by uning aom?
* fake preparation which
claims to straighten kinky hair. You have
A to have hair before it can t>o straightened.
I EXELENTO pomade I
I is a Hair Grower which feeds the acalp and
roots of the Lair and makes the hair grow.
1 and you can seethe result a by using sevIV
eral times. It cleans dandruff and etopa
U Falling Hair atonce. It leaves hnrsh^stubI
born, nappy hai.' soft and silky. PrkS
2Sc by mail, on receipt of stamps or coin.
AO INT S WANTED EVERYWHERE
Q Writ* F?r Ptnlnhn.
I EXELENTO MEDICINE CO., Atlanta. On.
fc?? ? ?