The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, January 05, 1906, Image 1
. ^
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8 vmon and suburbs has 2 HPi.TTTl .,-/W TUTT /llsSSL #
x; S AchS'a, Swc rutfu itum K* uotrte ?' I I I. I |~4 J.v f4M. |< Jr ^ "T" TO ~JW~ J "T" 2 UNION AND SUBURBS HAS 8
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> :/^L 1% n>1*u1 ^u.'ntion. a . M- J B . -mL m \ A..T % fi I %/ I M 5 und 8plu?Intf Mill with Dyo PUnt.
gjmt ^ -* *-:^pg^:. ^ ^ * XX IVXXliO. I
VOL. LTI. NO. 1 ^ UN ION. SOU!' H (JARO LI N* ATO I.,, v T^,;u>77~~: = / '^
- - 1- --:- ... ---I a-; ' IANIJAia r>' [m- #1.00 A VKAR. ^
|r. <11 CENT?!lrk?!
. j Makes thfVCiHf happy a.
/ * place to deposit^iE suiplus
j The best Safe that c?
?* |v. protected against Burglary*
[{ large Firm and Individual
' i v protect our customers) mi
. N lut^ly secure. We solici
""v - v.
IWm. A. Nicholson
' ARMOUR AND
\ HIS MONOPOLY
I AN OUTRAGEOUS DISCRIMINATION IS
I PERPETRATND AGAINST SMALL .
1 DEALERS ui LIVE STOCK.
"iJpFAn Alarming but True Statement of
V* \ Fads Concerning this Great Monopoly,
^ v Has His Own Private Cars?Control
JF . \ of Railroads by the Trusts?Showing
jL-/k Vnlawiul Discrimin?ition.
V
m y\\ 'fne following extracts are
I 'taken from an article written b>
I (Mr. Ray Stannard Baker ar.u
i published in the January number
I of McClures magazine. These
/ extracts show the true state oi
I affairs controlled and manipuI
lated by the several trusts, aideti
<... V by the railroads to perpetrate ar
{ I outrageous discrimination againsl
\ 1 small dealers in live cattle, beef,
m j?'*e2>etables and fruits. The reIfubates
paid by railroa^tsr'Ttr-gpl
ft - this enormous traffic through th(
trusts is something alarming,
1 Ig who pays the ireignt
] ORIGIN OF SPECIAL CARS,
l We discover first that thes<
V \ special cars owed their existence
V /v 1 not to the railroads, bat to pro
1 / . 1 gressive and energetic shipper:
I / lwho needed to use them?tin
Ifruit men, the beef men, the coa
| Inen, the oil men. In short, tin
railroad shirked its duty as ;
1 tommon carrier and allowed thi
1 * \wnership of such special vehi
les of industry to remain in th<
knds of private individuals
Yd that was the time and th
|y of planting the seed whicl
' ' 4.jb since produced such a growt!
of corruption and extortion. Tha
k) is the origin of the private car
wLthe car owned by private indi
faoridu^ls which the railroad haul
i in its trains and for which i
. ravs a rental.
^JL '? 1'en years ago no one dreame
'lo of the enormous expansion c
;u,;) ^js strange system of privat
r If? ownership of railroad rollin
'ir* II \ stock. Examine almost an
|l( freight train today on any rai
ILfoad in the count vy, and it wi
fc.llbe found that one or more of th
lb cars, often every car in the trail
v bears not the name of the tram
portation company, whose lawfi
B obligation it is to provide tl
necessaries of commerce, but tl
9 name and the tlaring advertisi
B ments of private persons who ai
B not common carriers at all. Tj
day over three hundred prival
freight-car lines are in flourisl
Hing existence, operating 130,0(
_ Bears. And the number include
S Br.at only stock and refrigerato
cafs, but all sorts of curious b
developments, private cars f
l\o?f fnrniliir
V ui rarviaot-i vv/mu, ww* , ...MV..
W farm machinery, egfcs, ston
J lumber, lard, carriages, ai
many other commodities. Trai
I there ar<* today which resemfc
1 nothing much as a flying bi
I board, advertising everythii
. / from "delicious sausage"
f "perfect pickles."
I The largest single owner
I private cars is Armour of CI
A cago, who controls a dozen
/ more car lines and not only fri
a\ J and meat cars but many tan
b cattle and even ordinary be
PjAy ^ cars involving altogether
y V business of a magnitude diffici
\ to conceive. Of refrigerab
? | cars Altaic-' he has over $14,04
L/ I representing an investment
i -f: JV/ jf-Sbme $14,000,000.
* yf <\ r* " Armour's enterprises i
b* J; \u?^known by many names. Ma
L ' Prp,names give the appearance
Ilk \ competition. We have, for <
^ ample, the Armour Refrigcra
BHKSSBBMBSSSBCSESB
Court |\| |
id prosperous. A safe 2
is with THIS BANK. I.
in Buy, which is also |
w Insurance, and our |
jvloirces (all of which j
ike abso" j
IT YOUR BUjfli'v. By
Ih. W'
& Son, Bap^r^?vj;
. -v\ "' -?-tfwaaS
I Line.^ the Fruit-Gro\!5
press?\,&rmour& Co.,(Y^s'
Fruit Express. Barbay nenal
frigerator Line. Kaiwa/Ke!
Fruit Express, Tropica/** City
rator Express and othjefrigethey
are all under the (> But
a corporation known citrol of
; mour Car Lines, and * fche Aris
owned by the salflin turn
who own the Armoulmf'grsons
otherwise J. Ogden iwnpany,
his family ? the maim ?ur and
beef trust. iof the
ARMOUR'S ENORMOUfc I
BILLS, I
The Armour c^lrs cU
ral classes of busii? \ genecarry
beef products L.< They
nour packing houses, ae Arcarry
fruit and vegetabiyaey
; hippers generally. With 14,V
efrigerator-cars in operatii
their business is naturally ent
[ mous. Every day in the ye
( Armour ships 150 cars frc
Chicago alone?the oth
- members of the* uGef trust sh
> over 400 more. In a single we
Armour pays to the railroa
t-Qoie $200,000 in freight forme
products alone?and this
' uo account of his wide id
? direct and indirect* "m^he^sfr
. ment of other products, fru
grain, cattle and'so on.
a Now, there are twenty or thii
', railroads entering Chicago eve
I! one of which is hungry for mc
', traffic. Scores of traffic man?
' or*/'! o rrnn f ci o m/
a VI O CI I J v I Ci^VlltO Ul V IfIC
I ing or unmaking their reputatic
a in getting this freight. Armoi
~ knowing his power, holds ba<
a he wants "concessions."
course, there is a law agaii
" favoring one shipper to the d
advantage of another; but wl
' is law when profits are to be hi
1 So the various railroads bid
I Armour's business: they g
. him a rebate, or a concession,
a discrimination one word n
sound better than another, I
" they all mean the same thii
'? Because he is big and power
rthey break the law for his be
1 fit; while they compel the w<
* shipper to obey they law.
' cause Armour is big he gets
bates; and because he gets
y bates he grows bigger still. .
,y mour's business, like that
ij Rockefeller before him, is,
deed, not only founded upon
' justice but upon downright 1:
breaking. He and the railr
agents, in conspiracy, commit
' crimes, the result of which >
the wholesale ruin of independ
utrci-uuLUiiv;i a 111 cvu^ yen L
the country.
0. HOW THE PRIVATE CAR IS U!
te AS A MEANS OF DISCRIMINATI
h-" Long before 1902 the pri\
)0 car machinery of rebate wa
es excellent working order. A
r- 1902 it was seized upon as
y- peculiar vehicle of discriminat
or and the business since then
e, enormously expanded. It
e, especially useful for this purp
id because it was and is, apparer
ns outside the law. It is not rei
>le nized by law at all. When <
11- gress was discussing plans
regulating private car owner
to last winter, George B. Robl
president, and A. R. Urion,
of I torney, for the Armour car li
lii-1 appeared and denied that lc
or j lation could touch them in
jit1 way.
>k- "Wc deny," said Mr. Rob!
'X- "that we are common can
a or that we are engaged in ii
Lilt state commerce."
or-1 They were outside the
19, therefore they could do \
of they liked! Indeed, they :
'defied the Inter-State Comm
ire Commission and the Commii
X\\I r,A?\/vv/?oo f A Q TV
V UJL COO, ICIUOIU^ tV Mill
of certain questions or to pro
3X- * their records.
Wr l<et us, then, examine
workings of thevpnyate car sysrf t
tem and see how a. usefulajfjj
pliance like the rtfngeratotjfer?
is made a device of evil, v /
Armour owned all the in t.
which his product was jdjnpped. t
When the railroad ha^Jred them X
it paid a rental callej^^ "mileage !5
charge" to Armg^fr for the use I
of them, j??|ftwards collecting d
thQr?slLJfc^ight-rate. This is as;'))
erasable and proper as Sunshine
A of Wf> nHmif. ? t
* 7 <r>uh'/ individuals j c
/y rolling stock, id
V/ -Ovaries in amount, i
/o"s'r ' *ent a mile for ev^ry I
sf trustiug yov travels in certain fj
Vnile^S.1 be to!?ountry, three-quar- t
^>arts ofXtb5U,,'n ot!*er Parts- 1
ters of a ceK. the'ain that
Now, it isv ^7?s every day t
farther the car rUv, v 1/ it r ins t
the more it will earn." sh^e dol- .2
300 miles it may earn thNlast <!?.? *
lars a day, if fifty miles, only* I.
fifty cents. The primary ad- \
vantage of owning a private car, c
then, is the mileage it makes. f
Armour says with all the plaus- %z
ibility of utter fairness to his \
small competitors: \
"You have as much right to t
awn private cars as I have. Go
ahead and get them. The rail;*|*oads
will pay you the sam8 <
t? mileage as they pay me." . i
) Every word of which is truth? :
ful?iand yet conceals the worst 1
sort-of a, lie, . J
ARMOUR'S SYSTEM FOR DRIVING |
HIS CARS. { r.^
k ? Armour's small competitor can <
}*Vvn private cars, but he cannot 3
m\ake them run/' For that; 4ie-. !
im yds on paving great influence
l?r. arhth^ railroads. Armour can
nP 1 Norn^S .tnake his cars run. .p.
5, ive irrifideed is more impress- t
trust ufoe methods Of the beef-.
keeping "hArmour's system of
"s cars At thot of his private]
Jines e A'riiSpuf^i
" the president of t'fte^corporaj^0
ll' , He works in closest, touch 5crJ
, 1 O. F. Frisbv, traffic manager o
*ty Armour & Co. The 'head oflic<
ry is in the Home Insurance Build
ing at Chicago, where a larg<
l?" force of clerks is employed
~ There are connections with al
>Ilb fUp lvjili-nrwl nffifnc liu ic*]a
V?tv I vuu^vu VJ iksvsi/j* iviv
V*', phone and telegraph.
"J5^., Let us say that Armour deliv
ers thirty-five cars of beef?i
P. train-load?to the railroads a
lls" one O'clock to-day. The numbe
KV, of every car is entered with th
ilcl* date of starting, on a huge tally
on sheet the central office. Sa;
lve the train is bound eastwary b;
01* the Grand Trunk. At Elsdon
Illinois, the first junction point
1111 an Armour man is at hand to re
port the train. At Port Iluro
lkff there is another Armour mar
He fills out a blank postal car
?ak reporting the arrival there, th
time taken in re-icing, whethc
vc~ cars are out of repair, and so or
Ye~ Other Armour men stand read
Al'p at the Niagara frontier and 2
. every other icing station throug
?n" to New York City, each reporl
,nr" ing by postal card. If part c
lw^j the train goes to Pittsburg, or t
?a(j Montreal, there also are the A
. . mour men ready to report ii
,vaJ stantly. For Armour has ov<
'en? seventy regular branch houses i
' ot the United States, besides ni
! merous local agents, travelir
SED agents and the like. Armour
on. always on the spot.
fate subverviency of railroad me
s in T0 the beef trust.
fter
the Most freight-cars are load<
ion, both going and coming, tlv
has saving greatly in cost of oper
was tion. Not so Armour's. A
ose, mour gets the same mileai
itly, whether the car is running loa
cog- ed or empty, and he inquires t
con- railroads to rush his cars ba
for with airspeed. Bo deadly is t
ship system of accounting, so true
fins, lent are .the Armour traffic me
at- that the roalroad sometimes a<
nes, ually side-tracks passenger trai
?gis- and keeps American citize
any waiting in order that a me
train may be rushed by a
>in9 make a little more profit for /
riers mour. As for the freight bu
iter- ness of other shippers, why,
never has one moment's cons
law, eration when the interests
vhat Armour are concerned; it g<
have on the side-track and waits!
lerce would be ridiculous, indeed, ii
Itees were not so eerious, to beh
swer the railroad officials dancing
duce tendance upon the powerful
pcrs cf the beef trust,
the When President Calloway,
hV New York Central Railroad I
(fks on the stand before the Inlastrial
Commission, he said:
r*"'We do not do these foolish
&4*lgs from choice. I will say
ko ^hing is just as bad and stu(ra
and foolish as can be, but
Phat are you going to do about
t? We have built up these
Ifressed-beef men and they have
jjlKgot their own cars, and they
,3h dictate what they are g< ing
pi pay. They just keep these
ajs humping. We unload them
rJiget them back to Chicago
tT3ra* nuickly as we can. The
Pennsylvania people were very
Ouch disinclined to allow or foshr
this dressed-beef business, '
nt were forced into it."
'J'his is testimony concerning
kv power of the beef trust over ^
wo of the greatest railroads in
Imerica. When Armour's exacVitf.became
intolerable, even
lorf?s -*ur-rai 1 roads did not
he combinWa.rs- >^ly and fight
fare to come out ope. ployed an
firn, but secretly emphicago? t|
igent?Mr. Midgely of Ctyrought j,
iyhose disclosures have \ agita- r,
ibout much of the presence. $
ion. his? c
- What is the result of all t\>ur ^
By merciless driving, Arm 00 n
men maKes nis cars run 4:>i c
miles a day. * The average, us j,
jfivrrse, is much lower. Let w |
l>e very conservative and folfief *
the findings in the famous bcrt| t]
trjst report of the Bureau o;
Commerce and Labor, which
fcarmot certainly be charged with v
overstatement. After present- t
ing much conflicting evidence t
this report concludes that the ,
average daily mileage of all cars ^
owned by Armour and his asso- (
ciiites and used in the beef busing
is from 90 to 100. Upon a j
bill's of -100 miles a day the re- (
pdrt calculates the net earnings ,
upLoi the refrigerator-car busi- 4
i-oii J'13 0i rancov/the. report caf.
to |.ates rot earnings at 24.4 per
^ jcnt. On cars used in the fruit
1 business where there are im2
rr.ense additional profits from
" icing charges, the net earnings
2 have been conservatively esti
mated at thirty per cent. These
1 figures are all probably much toe
" low, but let us be very conservative
and set down the average
" net earnings of Armour cars at
^ j twenty per cent.
r j HOW A TRUST MAKES ITS OWt
e I FREIGHT RATES.
" | To the unitiated some very re
y markable things were said in tin
y recent cattle and beef rate case:
'? tried in Chicago (October, 1605, ^
? j It has been the understanding o
people that the railroads wer<
n jealous of their rate-making
' rights. Railroad presidents ^
" the dozen appeared last winte
e in Washington, told the senat*
r committee how delicate and diffi
cult a task it was to adjust i
y freight-rate, how it require*
lt long practical experience in rail
" rooding, and what danger woul<
ensue if a, government commis
^ sion, or indeed any outside in
? terest, should meddle with thi
v" wonderful, finely adjusted rat
1_ fabric! What shall we believe
rr then, when we hear two gres
In railroad presidents giving swor
a" testimony in court that the rai
roads do not make the rates fc
1S the shipment of so important
commodity as beef produots i
:n all! Listen to A. B. Sticknej
president of the Great Wester
Railaoad Company:
In fixing the rate on dresse
l!S meat we don't have very muc
;l" to say. The packer general!
r~ makes the rate. He comes 1
ge
vmi nnrl nlvvnvs makps von fe
that he is your friend. Then I
ll.e asks how much you charge for
certain shipment of drcss<
lie meats. The published tariff m{
:u" be twenty-three cents a hundre
but lie will not pay that. Y<
say to him: "I'll carry yoi
119 meat for eighteen cents." I
119 says, "Oh> no, you won't.
'ajj won't pay that." Then you sa
nd "Well, what will you pay for it
{r.~ lie then replies, "I can get
a}' hauled for sixteen cents." 1
. J1 you haul it for sixteen cents
1C|: hundred. .1: .
of ^ . ...
les v. - ^
It - "Mrs. - Watts, mother of Is
I it Adjt. Gen. John Gary Wat
old has filed Spanish war claim 1
at- $1,100 which she says is due Y
ip- for the time her son served
commander 'of troops in tl
of state.
| F. M. PARR, President.
S Merchants and Pla
a Succsssfully Doing Bus
H B rjHHI Is the OI.DBST Hank i
W G has a capital and snrpl
?1 r? is th" on>v N XTION AI
F-1 H 1 lias p<?i<l dividends n
p| id pavs PO(TU per cent.
I, , H Is thoonly Hank in U"
w tg has Hurglar-I'ronf van
13 0 pays more taxes than I
j WE EARNESTLY SOL
r ii v m Mm ilmj
- of i? i m w? acfo a? ??Pt ??p?
)UTITS GROWTH IS REMARKABLE.
real Record in a Year?While South
Carolina has Not. Built So Many Mills
it Is well Abreast of the Other
States.
Washington,-Dec. 30. ?During
lie past year there was invested
1 the South ;n cotton mills and
elated industries the sum of
1.073.G50. These plants inluded
cotton mills, cotton wareouses,
seed oil mills, knitting
lills, hosiery establishments,
ompresses. etc, In 1904 the
lvestment was $12,953,500; in
903, $10,320,100, and in 1902,
7,514,850, making a total for
he four years ^pf $39,868,000.
'his was still further emphasized
<Vien results are measured by
vi.cosimber of spindles which
he n.^at investment has put in
his gre\Y \cities and mill towns
notion in'^'all sections of the
hroughout area of the south.
;otton growingu";;vi of spindles
With the additjj^icw 1, 1905,
nstalled since .\yfanuuA yearly
>n which datcmf the las'it" this
ecord of mill.-rtrequipment
:erritory waW3 closed, there^
V-c Prem|sent time 6,778,
' States-almost in the dot
fields themselves.
J There are 800 establishme
5 in the South which consul
' raw cotton. This number.
* eludes spinning mills and th
) establishments which use r
" cotton in the manufacture
3 mattresses, batting, felt, etc.
' From the last census bi?r<
report, it was found that th
j were in the south, 8.685,303
tive and idle spindles; in
north, 15,328,000, and the t<
number Of spindles compi
5 from these two sources is 24,0
* 393.
[. The cotton consumption of
* southern mills amounts to 1
s per cent of the entire Ameri
? i production. Not counting 1
^ | ginia, which secures practici
r all of its supplies from ot
e states, North Carolina leads
" the per cent of production c
J sumed, showing 78.4 per c
i ! compared with 51.4 per cent
' South Carolina, and 23.9 per c
d : in Georgia. The consumptioi
j mills in the two Caroli
amounts to 56.3 per cent of 1
s of the southern states. For
e country, Massachusetts ra
first, mid South Carolina sec
lt in consumption, although
.n combined consumption of
two Carolinas exceeds tha
,r Massachusetts by 170,844 b?
^ ; The census report referre
lt states that in twenty-five y
r* the cotton production of
n United States has increased f
, 5.755,369 to 13,093,279 hales.
I? the same period the total
I sumption of cotton in this c
try has increased from 1,671
9 to 4,378,980 bales. Within
last five years the cotton
10 suming establishments of
southern states have incre
their consumption from l,48f
Y to 2.140.151 bates, an increai
(1, 656,440 bales. During the s
)U time the northern consul
LTir establishments have decre
l? their consumption by li
* bales. This is explained b;
fact that these mills have
*. engaged during this perio
~lt replacing old machinery by
which is more modern, thi
a creasing the efficiency of
plants and the fineness o
yarns spun without making
ite large increase in the numt
tat spindles.
For In 1880 tne southern mills
ler tained 542,048 spindles, and
as sumed 183,453 hales of scc
his For the year ending Dece
31, 1904, these wills rep
.1. D. ARTHUR, Cashier. ?
Ei E |
niers National Bank, |
iness at the "Old Stand." |
n Union, H
u? of $10 ',000, U
I Hnnk in Union, U
noun tin?: to $:XK) 400, |1 inferos!
on <lct"<sitH. I
ion insoocti-d by nil olticcr, B
lit, nml Snfo with Time- I,nck, ~
VI.I. the I'nnks in Union oomblni'/'io turn the
JCIT YOUR Br, , , ,
\y tie made in lieavcommerce.
They
*?sulphur.
i ?u"U'^ spindles, -ovuriabl.v chase
j the year ending AugLiyho can't t*so
there were consumed
mills 5,140,151 bales of c<
The cotton consumption <*?nspindle
in the south in 1889 ^'m*
according to the census, 15o.
pounds, compared with 161.4 in
1890, and 164.6 in 1900. There
is a marked tendency toward
the production of finer yarns in
these mills, the average consumption
per spindle at this time being
reported as 124r5\ pounds, a decrease
of 40.1 per spindle. The
average consumption per spindle
in the northern mills in 1900 was
75.2 pounds, and in 1905 is 67.1
pounds, a decrease of 8.1 pounds
' per spindle.
W. W. Price,
A SURE CURE FOR PNEUMONIA. %
M
; Simple and Easy to Prepare and Apply.
i Boston, Dec. 9, 1205.?Here is
. a sure cure for pneumonia: '
1 Take six to ten onions, accordr
ing to size, and chop them fine; i
. place over a hot fire, and about p
; the same quantity of rye meal \
't and vinegar enough to form a
Schick paste. Stir ik^roughb
_^Mrinr: it si.-rimo* frorn^Sye i ?
01 , , nrr.K-. * tori
l^?lvoTnir?a&-?1??
i in a cotton bag large enough c
nts cover the longs, and apply to the
ne3 chest as hot as the patient can
jn_, bear it. Before this gets cold
ose aPPly another, and then continue
by reheating the poultice. In a
?0f few hours the patient will be out
of danger. Usually three or four
eau applications will be sufficient,
c're but continue treatment until perac_
spiration starts from the chest.
! This simple remedy was form
-jtal uiaiea maay years ago by one of
[led the best physicians New fing10,
land has ever known, and who
i never lost a patient by this
the disease.
.5.61 Of the many cases I have
can known where this remedy has
^jr.; been tried, it has vever failed,
rdly even after the best local talent \ _
her has pronounced the ca3e hopein
less.
ion-1 One of the best physicians in
:ent this vicinity says he has used
for the remedy for several years
lent with snccess in every case.
inas Death of Mr. Joseph 4: RobinsoR.
that
the Mr. Joseph C. Robinson died
irjhs at his home at WestvEnd, this
:ond city, Saturday, December 30th*
the j about 12 o'clock m. The jmmethe
j diate cause of his death was lockfor!:
xi. _ 10^1 ?
jaw. Km uie lain 01 uecemner
lies. while at work in the picker room
d to 0f the Union cotton mills, his
earsforefinger on the right hand was
the caught in the machinery and
rom badly crushed and^ lacerated.
In Dr. S. S. Linder was^called and
con- thought by proper treatment the
oun- finger could be saved, prefering
,383 to do so? rather than cut it off,
the but it was afterwards found
con" j necessary tc cut off the finger,
the after which Mr. Robinson seemed
a.^pfl ??< : ? --- ' * 1
?1? to nt; on ail rignt, DUt
1,711 still suffering pain. Thursday
je of . Robinson began to feel sympsarne
toms of lockjaw and he continued
ming to grow worse until death came
>ased Saturday. The body was taken X.%
5,955 to the Kelly Chapel cemetery ? " ITr
/ the Sunday for interment. Mr.
been Robinson was twice married, .
d in both wives predeceased him, and !
that be is survived by three children,
is in- Re is also survived by two half
their brothers Mr. Jack and C. R.
f the Robinson. His many frietfas
very and relatives request us to extend
?er of their thanks to the people wad
| were so very kind to Mr. Joseph
i con- C. Robinson during his last
1 con- ness and hope that his threejg>tton.
phan children will alwM^h^ve
mber the
i