City of Union and Suburbs Has r|^ 1 1 | 1 I T T / \ TT "? Jf T|"^ *^^^HpnteT^Suto|?? Mil \
FWe Large Cotton Mills, One Knitting g I I B J i \ fl fl I * M /fl '8J Jyflfaraib'.l .Schools, Waterworks, \
and Spinning Mill with Dye Plant, Oil D m H B System; Electric Lights, Tli?e \
Mill, Furniture Manufacturing ami fl I B J | 1 I 1 f aggregate eanital of tMO.OUp: * 1
Lumber Yards, Female Seminary. JL JL .ML^A JL 1 _ WL ^ 1'opolatio" 7,000. *
V01,. L1V. NO 49 ?.rkofCoor? UNION, SOUTH CAROLINA, rKll)^JjjpB%gfe?304. flflm ' HI I I I 11
?BrinTvour Idle
4 ) t AND WE WILL
y
?k A FAIR RATE
'f
i ON TIME DEP(
"
Wm. fl, RICHOLSas
THE CHINESE
EXCLUSION TREATY.
Scheme to Injure the
Laboring Class.
^ An attempt is on foot to take
away from the laboring man of
this country the safeguards
thrown around them by the
congress to protect them against
/N1 . . - 1
uninese competition, and to substitute
for the law a treaty to be
agreed upon by the secretary of
state, and the Chinese minister,
and be sent by the president to
the senate for its ratification in
secret session behind closed
doors.
The state department tells its
own story in semi-official statements
furnished to the press.
The Washington Star of October
10 contains the following. It is
given with the Star's heading.
The Star is a thick-and-thin Republican
supporter of the administration:
chinese exclusion.
* foundations for a new treaty
nowbbJng.daid:
, jgecreiary ^Hay^^gid Sir Chen'
tung Liang Cfl^rJIlRve 'at last
V&?fe|gun to lnjL the foundation for a
\ - tion will be ready for submission
' to the senate at the approaching
\ session in December next. The
! treaty win, it 19 understood, re-,
f, place all existing law on the sub-1
.f\ ject, and under ordinary Condi's*:
tions that fact might be expected
to arouse antagonism on the part
, of the house of representatives,
which will thus be deprived of a
share in the framing of exklus'
\ ion measures.
However, it is believed that a
disclosure of the purpose of the
new treaty will reconcile the
house to the adoption of the
method proposed to effect the
exclurion of undesirable Chinese, I
and will assure the approval of
the treaty by the senate. It is
the intention to continue in full
force in the treaty the principle j
the exclusion of Chinese cool-'
ies, and the Chinese government
itself is perfectly willing that
that should be done. But the
treaty will contain provisions re-.
garded as much needed and,
earnestly sought for by the Chinese
'government for many years, I
looking to a more considerate,
liberal and kindly treatment of
the higher class of Chinese seek-;
M \ ing to enter our ports. There
' have been constant complaints of 1
indignities heaped upon Chinese
merchants and scholars and even
high-class officials by the harsh I
application of the existing ex-1
elusion laws, and the collectors
of customs and immigration officials
have uniformly answered
criticisms on that point by the
declaration that they were simply
enforcing the law which it is
now the purpose to qualify by
the new convention."
The Associated Press was
furnished with the statement,
and the department was at once
bombarded with protests by telegraph
from various sections. To
allay as much as possible the
hostile feelings aroused by this
new departure on the Chinese
^ question, the state department
made the following defense
through the medium of the
Washington Star of the 11th.
* Read what it says "by authority'"
EXCLUDING CHINESE LABOR.
REASON FOR URGENCY IN DRAFT"
ING THE NEW TREATY.
Tne announcement that negotiations
are afoot for a new Chinese
exclusion treaty appears to
have caused a good deal of agita
Money To Us, |
- ALLOW YOU * ;>
>t * I
OF INTEREST
? Y
T
>S1TS . ? |
'4 & SON, Bankers, jjj
tion in certain strongly anti-Chinese
circles. To clear up apprehension
which seems to exist on
their part that the president proposes
to open wider the door to
Chinese immigration into the
' United States, it is stated on authority
that there is no such intention.
The subject was referred
to at the cabinet meetingtoday
and it was afterwards
stated that the state department
1 i.L - J i-- - ' *
anu uie department 01 commerce
and labor, the latter charged
with the execution of exclusion
laws and treaties, are working in
perfect harmony and in consultation
with the Chinese minister
here to frame a treaty that shall
be cast upon the lines of the existing
treaty, continuing the
present rigid exclusion of coolie
labor and simply moderating the
conditions under which Chinese
merchants and scholars may be
admitted to the United States.
Something of that kind is regarded
as necessary in view of
the fact that by direction of his
government the Chinese minister
last spring formally denounced
the Chinese exclusion treaty.
TVlflt. nntipp will folra On
cember 6 next and there will be
no treaty relations between the
governments governing that subject
until a new treaty is'agreed
upon. It is true that the president
Has decided to enforce the
existing Chinese exclusion laws
after the abrogation of the treaty,
but there is just sufficient doubt
in the official mind as to the extent
of the powers that may be
employed legally to effect the
exclusion that a new treaty is
regarded as desirable."
The treaty of 1894 contains a
provision that it may be terminated
at the end of ten years
from the date of the exchange of
ratifications, if either party shall
give six months' notice therefor.
Ratifications of this treaty were
exchanged December 7, 189K
The Chinese government gave
the required notice that the
treaty would be terminated December
7, 1904.
Congress was not in session
when this notice was given and
unless called in extra session will
not meet until the 5th of next
December.
The treaty of 1894 contains the
following liberal provisions in its
third article:
The provisions of this convention
shall not affect the right at
present enjoyed of Chinese subjects,
being officials, teachers,
. i . . _i i * *
siuaenis, merchants or travelers
for curiosity or pleasure, but not
laborers, of coming to the United
States and residing therein."
| A new treaty could do no more,
except to admit Chinese of other
classes who are now excluded.
The motive for a new treaty must
therefore be to secure some advantage
not contemplated in the
present treaty or in existing law.
The people will not know what it
. contains until it. has been conisidered
in secret session, behind
. the closed doors of the senate.
And yet it is to "replace all ex,
isting law on the subject."
I it is an extraordinary attempt
to secure by hidden methods,
what should only be considered
in open session by both houses of
congress. More than this: It is
an attempt to secure legislation
by the treaty-making power,
which has repeatedly been refused
by the house of representatives.
i Our only hope is that twothirds
of the senate cannot be
dragooned into such a scheme,
for the modification of the Chinese
exclusion law demanded
only by the Chinese government
and by the American advocates
of free trade in Chinese labor,
i We are assured by the state
department that the new treaty
will continue in force ''the principle
of exclusion of Chinese
coolies," The existing treaty
says nothing of "coolies." It
speaks of "Chinese labofers" in
all cases. If only "coolies" are
to be excluded, it would be easy
for the executive department to
construe the word to mean unskilled
laborers only. Indeed,
that is its commonly accepted
meaning. All classes of skilled
laborers could then be admitted.
So every Chinese laborer of whatever
class might find that under
the new treaty he could, upon
his own statement, be classed as
a scholar, student, teacher,
traveler or other "high-class"
Chinamen.
Forewarned is forearmed. Let
everv waire parnpr wntpVi tPo
officials who sit in secret conclave
with the Chinese minister
to "-replace all existing laws" on
the subject of exclusion, with a
treaty satisfactory to the Chinese
government, and to its allies
in this country..
Appeal to the senators from
your respective states to oppose
such a treaty.
o
THE SOUTH S
OPPORTUNITY.
Richard H. Edmonds, editor of
the Manufacturers' Record of
Baltimore, the exponent of the
industrial and railroad interest?
of the South, while in New York
recently talked about the business
conditions in the South.
He said:
"Optimism reigns throughout
the South. The pessimist ha?
been relegated to the rear, or.>
rather, the pessimist has been
changed by the abounding pros
perity of the South to an enthusb
astic optimist.
. ''During the eight or nine
years from 1891 to. 1899, iu whicl ?
averagted * a low?e
than ever before in the history
of the industry except betweer
1841 and 1848, the agricultural
interests of the South had tc
pass through a period of gloom
and hopelessness. During the
worst of the depression the farmers
lost probably as much a I
$100,000,000 a year on cotton,
the average New York price fo? ,
the crop of 1898 being only sir
cents a pound ?far below tlu j
actual cost of production.
"Some years ago the Wes'
went through the same conditio:
of agricultural impoverishmen
by reason of low-price wheat an<
corn, but at that time the West
had a larger industrial development
to sustain its business in
terests than the South had during
the period of low-price col
ton.
"With cotton now back to th
average price of the last 10- ]
years, bringing to the cotton
growers greater prosperity thai
they have known since before
the war, with rapid industria
and railroad upbuilding, the
South has entered upon a perio
of prosperity which promises t<
surpass the dreams of its most
enthusiastic friends. In the last
five years of higher-price cotton
the value of the cotton crops ha:
exceeded by $1,000,000,000 tlv
value of the five preceding crops,
notwithstanding the fact that tht
gain in bales has been trifling.
"In the past, conditions which
prevailed-slavery before the
war, reconstruction for 15 years
after the war, the lack of knowledge
of the South by the outside
world?all combined to make it
practically impossible .to turn
immigration to the South. Now
that the South has solved all of
the perplexing problems of the
past, and has demonstrated to
the world its unoqiialed"ad vantage*?
bs rr,h<yrfte*;'<V>r the! farmer,
as a placd^f* for ' the
merchant and manufacturer and
of investment for "the -capitalist;
now that it has accumulated capital'And
experience in industrial
development, it is ready to begin
the real work of material upbuilding
and of turning population
southward.
"With cotton at about present
prices, the cotton crop will yield
to the South about $650,000,000 a
year. While its cotton is thus
in value double the value of the
| crop of 1808, which was the largest
ever raised, its grain crops
are showing up equally well com
last {SKkL
re por
AgricMB^vSS^pSSt^il^MT
value t-ji^ai ptoducts !
was
it wiMy^o*^??|iPil$06^
of
has in^Kg^xt:] <] j
|l
mines BillBattfth .''add w^TftsVfe v
a totalJH ^>#00,0(^yjjp0 a \
as
50 ^per^^^^iore, entire
ago. ^ At that timltlie Sout^^d t]
>zi,wu,ouu. m?e4teci ih cotton |?
nills, which consumed 225,000 (,a
bales annually; now llm. Soutn fi
has $200,060,000 invested in cot- *
ton ttfflfi^nsuinigg^ 2,000,000 J
>ales a y<wF. ^he*^J%rae^f- .'its ?
lumber^products lias increased a
from $39,000,000 in 1880 to $200,- P
)00,000. and its railroads from s<
iO,0Q0?ta|les to nearly 65,000 ?
bile^ * ; H
"Thifes facts are but indica* $
?Ioiw?KVfhe genen&l trend ofrf
nateri^f advancement throu fiftir"fl
>ut the South; but, interesting
is they are, they do not by any j
nanner of means begin to teil ,
he whole story. They are simply j c
indications of the future. All j c\
hat has been accomplished has ^
>een against the overwhelming l;
>dds of poverty and misrepre-,sc
;entation, disorganized labor, 1.
ack of capital and lack of skill, i 1
.vhich the South had to face 25 j v;.
/ears ago, when it really began f1
its material upbuilding after the j1);
:*econstruction days. j
"Infinitely greater in its im- j*
lortanee for the future than all /
-hat has been accomplished is sj(
he experience and backbone
gained by the manufacturer and CJ1
-he operative, by the landowner
ind the banker, and by the peo- j ()
ile of the South of every class, j
ich and poor, learned and un- je
earned. This experience, this
lackbone, which was so much w
leeded after the long struggle of {y
.var, reconstruction and poverty; v
-his knowledge of inherent u.
strength in themselves and of
xnindless wealth-creating possi- labilities
in their country, have nj
iispelled the hopelessness and r(
he gloom of the past and thrilled .);
the people with a quickening
;ense of their own power and of j-(
the illimitable possibilities which
it retch before them. p,
"Great as have been the: 0\
achievements of the last 25 years,
wonderful as has been the story al
of the increase in manufactures, in
in railroad construction and traf- ot
fic and in agricultural advance- e(
ment, the next 10 years will show 01
i far greater aggregate develop- |?
ment than the last 25. We have jn
barely begun to develop, we have i)(
barely scratched the ground in ai
the utilization of the coal and c(
iron ore of the South, and yet w
we find ourselves in coal and iron fr
1 i? ?
production equal to tne entire vv
country in 1880.
"The prosperity of the farmer.} la
brought about by diversified agri- c
culture and bv tlie higher price a
of cotton opens to this section the vi
possibility of great immigration,
which never could have been tl
brought about with low-price f(
cotton. r<
"Population and capital alike
seek the country of prosperity, g
and not the country of poverty, ij
So long as the South was poor r<
immigrants and investors were
shy of that section. Soon the jT
South will be the most attractive t?
spot in America, ar.d that means J
roy^
jt t ^
?RTV HOURS
Vs ?W ft PUNqEON
t TlUSfij|li? ,Storv of the
Capture, imprisonment
and Treatment of |
Confederate Soldier,^:
'
BY B. M. HORD, NASHVILLE*
1 was a member of Dobb^rs^
.egimient, Walker's Brigade ol
irkansas Cavalry, and a ah or;
ime after our fiasco at Ottl<
lock, where our army abandohec
strongly fortified position with
ut firing a shot, except a iittU
avalry skirmish below the town
was captured bv the Eicrhtl
lissouri Feheral Cavalry and,
fter spending a few days in tin
enitentiary at Little Rock, war
3nt with a batch of o'therprlsonrs
to St. Louis and confined ir
[cDowell's old Medical College
diTch had been converted into i
ederal prison. Shortly aftej
w an unsuccessful *afe
Jtnpt to escape was_irmdsL Jto
itting througif a pnrtition wal
rat divided the college from t
Impel or schoolroom. I was ac
jsed of being , in the plot and,
ith a number of others, was
romptly sent to Rock Island,
>me four hundred miles above,
This prison, located on an isnd
in the Mississippi River,
as a square inclosure of some
ght or ten acres, surrounded
y a heavy plank fence twelve or
>urteen feet high, with a perafour
feet from the top exuding
all around on the outside
>r the sentinels, and on the inde,
ten or fifteen feet from the
nee, there was a shallow ditch
tiled the "dead line." Prison's
were not allowed nearer the
nee than this diPh upon penty
of being shot without chalnge
by the sentinels. Several
ere killed while I was there
ho thoughtlessly stepped over
le line. Two, I remember,
ere killed ?t different times
ho, in the excitement ot a ball
ime, chased the ball across the
tch. The barracks were about
inety by twenty feet, built of
>ugh upright boards, with a
irtition at one end for a kitchen,
hich was furnished with a
>rty-gallon kettle in which we
(1 all of our cooking save the
[ ead. The kitchen was presided
,'er by a sergeant of the baricks
and his cooks, who were
so prisoners. Wooden bunks
i three tiers, one above the
her, in which we slept, extend1
the full length of the building
i each side. The barracks were
jilt in uniform rows across the
iclosure, with a broad avenue
?gilining at the main entrance
id running directly through the
mter of the prison. The houses
ere numbered consecutively
om one up to eighty-four. I
as in barrack twenty-four.
When we arrived at Kock Isnd,
early in December. 1863,
ol. Rust was in command with
detachment of the Fourtn Inalid
Corps. He was a kindparted
old fellow, and just tc
le prisoners; but unfortunatelj
>r us the old colonel was soor
jmoved, and in his place cam<
3 inhuman a brute as ever dis
raced the uniform of any coun
*y, one A. J. Johnson, with hi<
jpriment of negroes for tfuan
uty, leaving the Fourth Invalk
en, many of whom had prrowi
* middle age in the service 01
he frontier, for liK'ht fatigu<
ARTHUR, Cashier. |
inttlpNational Bank, I
|!CrrV$(!R IJUSINP.SS. I
^jlty, jkutS as calling the roll of
-k^to|norning and evening,
n Matagof these old, battle-scarred
I kYeteHmS^dnd their officers were
) ] Kimnflraijiposed toward us, but
(tared npf show it beyond a word
or look,, for every devilish device
that, could be conjured up in the
brain of'a savage to make us suf
fer Wa# put in force by Johnson.
Mefa ifrere brutally punished upon
- the;.^lightest pretext. 1 saw
tied np to the fence by
i tn^Elmunbs, their toes barely
f< toucnj^Kthe ground, in the hot,
cbrpilitt?iun until theyj would
' famt, #id when cut down by the
, guarcfe<;fWl limp and unconscious,
while n0ie of us dared approach;
I for theyi were next the fence,
[t over the dead line, and grinning
^ negro sent aels stood just ahove
: theW.with ready guns in hand.
1 We were no longer allowed the
" privilege of buying provisions
3 from -tp<s_post sutler or to receive
' such JWmjgs from home; at the.
1 same, time our rations had been
gradually reduced to less than
J naif - jihe amount issued to us^
whealjje first reached the Rodk
" Isla^Hb*ison. Hunger began to ->*
d^yej^pbhe savage instincts thut
' lte cf^Rant in us all; men grew
5 ugly 14; temper, quarrels and
fightetjrere frequent over their
' 'sfa^5Stte,t2L^efc this' was Sut - *
o-zp^W^taste of what V$8 to coiW;>V'-'
1 In the summer of 1864 ^y,clye ^ t?
\ barracks in the southeast corner " t>of
the inclosure, near the main
; entrance to the prison, were
' fenced off, the occupants trans'
ferred to other barracks; and at
roll call one morning we were informed
that the United States
government htd opened a rej
cruiting office in our prison, and
that all who would take the oath
and join the United States army
would be moved into the new
pen?cclf pen,- we called itfurnished
good clothing, bountiful
rations, paid one hundred dollars
bounty, the post sutler permitted
to bring in whatever they
wanted to eat, and that they
would not be sent south to fight,
but out on the frontier to hold
, the I Julians in subjection. Never,
I since the Son of Man was temptI
In; tllQ '!?<"!
kjj i,.iv; vicvi|, >v<in Uisnuilur
more cunningly devised or temptingly
displayed- Quite a number
jumped at the bait, mostly men
who were willing to take the
oath under any circumstances;
; but after this came the heroic
struggle between patriotism and
' starvation, for our rations had
been still further reduced under
I the pretext of creating a "pris'
oners' fund" to pay for mediIcines,
caring for our sick, and
to pay for such clothing as tlv*
governmeht issued us, (See
"Record of Rebellion," Series 11.,
Vol. 8.) But every few days
, starvation would claim a victory.
. It was pitiful, flaunt forms with
the glare of wolfish hunger in
! their eyes, the very pictures of
; famine, could be seen going up
[ to take the oath, tears streaming
; down their faces and curses 011
' the Yankees from their lips, their
, poor, shriheled Tesh showing beneath
fluttering rags, for when
one of this kind was starved into
. submission, knowing he would
soon be well supplied, he ex~
' changed his clothes with some
more needy comrade,
/a \ ^
uo do continued)
> ^
' A Shakespeare Bible brought
1 $1,050 at an auction sale in Lon"
don this week. It would have
j brought more, only some experts
1 feared that it was Bacon and not
1 Shakespeare who wrote the autoQ
graph on the fly leaf.