Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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If:- > '1- 1 . , l./ . > '' s IflJH / '' / -' ( "NEk S AWNTAtii I rrTTI? ^TTTVlTrkltT T I 1 I I 1 L' POPULATION OF UNION . ippsti 1 HHj"- U.MUI llMiio. s-i y^;:fl>yOL XLVlll.?NO. 16. 1 UNION, SOUTH CAROLINA. APRIL 22,1808. *1 AYE All. PRESIDENT JIADE FIGHT - ' V-- ?r?:? MADISON WAS A PEACE MAN. . tefflportud Until the Public Would Stand It No Loiifor?Situation Similar to That of Today. v ?? When war threatens nowadays, the cable and the telegraph Hash the orders ' of the war and the naval chieftians Across miles of land and ocean in a moment's time. Jfugo locomotives hasten With the trodps from -inland "|>ost to-exposed coast line, while great ordinance shops throw out in enormous volume the hourly product of shot and shell. In the meantime, the newspapers print colunins and columns and the utterance of the President at noon is known in Madrid, is there commented upon, and the reply printed in the same issue of the enterprising paper. It was not always thus. There was a time when news traveled slowly, and it took a nation months to know what was happening on the other side of the world. In the spring of 1812. for instance. the war feeling was running very high in the United States, just, as it- is today. War came, just as it is now threatened, hut the circumstances surrounding it are so foreign to the present exj>eriences that it seems like reading the record of some far-off and distant time ? ?some centuries, instead of a little over eighty years ago. Many people are living today who were children in the davsof 1S12. when the only thit g that the United States had in common with its present generation was an abundance of patriotism. Even in those clays, however, there were jieople who thought war. even for national honor, was unnecessary They were called "tories" then, while nowadays they are known by the less harsh term of representatives of the financial interests. MAKING MADISON' 1IGIIT. When the war of 1812 was impending. AiiuuMtn was i-resmeui. lie nan many of McKinley'a characteristics. "lie was a man," says a new.sjmjxr writer of that period, "of kindly teni|HT and g-eat refinement and courtesy, lie had many great qualities, hut he was not the kind of genius who could manage war successfully. He was, aliove all. a man of ^ ^ peace. lie hated war with all his heart; and like his three predecessors in the Presidency, he felt th'a't the best Interests of the American nation ten ured that it should keep out of war." The easy-going and vacillating President soon found that he must face the situation. Excitement ran higher and higher with the news of every fresh outrage ujm.ii American seamen. The people called aloud for war with such persistent din that even the President could not help hearing it. In Congress the impatience lieeame uncontrollable. Congressman Archer, a member of the committee on foreign affairs, declared that the time had jiassed for "emj?tv threats," and he was in favor of carrying the war into ihe heart of the British colonies. It was no wonder that his words were njiplauded. and yet the people were long-suffering and kind. Constant outrages were committed and redress was not obtainable. A letter from Boston, dated March 10, 1KP2, to the 'jk-- " authorities at Washington, told how Capt. Ockington, of the schooner Catherine, had just arrived after an experience of cajitnre and detention. He brought with him stories of twenty-three American seamen impiessed in (lie French naval service, one of whom had been subjected to the most barbarous \ treatment, being kej?t for four months in irons, with one arm chained to the floor, until he made his eseajie. "His deposition will he published," the ollicials here were informed, "and will arouse the indignation of every true hearted American. ' , si'ikit ok til k pi'.oplk. St ill President Madison did nothing, beyond suggesting the settlement of claims by diplomatic correspondence, and the clamor in the newspapers grew louder and louder. Ojhmi letteis appeared. Their writers declared, in capital letters, that "a day of retribution must arrive," and the British Judges nt |m admirality were contemptuously called [% "things," also in large letteis. In the k\l name of the w idows and perishing orplains aggressive action was demanded P \ Stories of the cruel treatment of Ameri? "X cans were related with humiliating de tail. AVhen the sailors were seized and carried alsiard the British ships, they \were watched like thieves and treated like the lowest animals. They wen & I a rely allowed to go ashore, and thei ^ Viih', under guard. In the abounding BHrcffloric of the early pan of the centurj H the writers for the press gave utterance to their grievances. Here, for instance, P| is what "Shamrock" wrote to the Nn tionftl Intelligencer, in theeitv, in April when tlie war feeling was getting P beyond control: lv axothkh instakck or iticrrtsit n II HANMY. 1 While iiliout thirty unfortunate yount Ml Irishmen were approaching our shines t< ^ threat h the nil- of li!?eitv, tliev were de I Vieil tliiit blessing by tiie relentless per k\ vJf1'"1"1' ol '?:'l,l"^r \\ ith \uiiih l\ jBliI and iiiiinly vigor on the lieaeh ot thii B\ j|W%vcn, to iittain which they snrrilirei m\ JBA-hiips their dearest connection am \ the IioiiiIs of juvenile attachment Ml were |MUiiieed upon by the blood B1 Ifmneil vulture and hurried ,to a cheei B I 71 jess abode, "from whose bourne few inei \e el V 1 of Great Britain for slavery and blood he quenched ? Or is it insatiable V Has it been in the dispensation of thy provf. dence that so manly a part of the erention should be predestined to become slaves?slaves of the lowest grades? Two or threesbuudcad West Indian I negroes may have one driver; thecrew of a British man-of-war has many. The negro raised in ignorance is contented, nay, often pleased with his lot?can see his relatives around him and even boast that once a week he has a holiday; the 1 seaman on board a man-of-war has a i ' mind. .May the just .spjrit of revenge never cool in votfr breasts until the power of England is driven from this continent into that ocean to which she claims an ' exclusive privilege. Shamrock, i This was the spirit which found ufc, terance in the newspapers of that day. Information traveled slowly, but enough 1 was brought by couriers and stage-divers 1 to spread the war feeling in the little i hamlets and larger cities. There was general dissatisfaction with the delav of the President, and finally there came this outbreak in the newspaper that was generally considered to be the President's organ : "Xrws has lH>en brought of an atrocious outrage hv French national vessels. The President wisely abstained from suggesting the propriety of offensive measures against France, unHllate doubt shall become nresent certaintv. If am pie atonement l>e not made bv France, we trust, in God she will be made to feel, by a vigorous retaliation. iha.raMiitiwmtof a rntfonitHtiul spirited people." NEWSPAPERS OK THE PEHIOI). In those days newspapers were very different from what they are at the present time. They were small, and crave hut little space even to war news. Instead of columns and paeres lieinjt devoted to the all-absorbing topic, |ieople had to lie satisfied with u few paragraphs. It seems almost increditable to us, in these days of telegraph and steam, that a dispatch from llatavia. N. Y.. siiould lie thirteen days in reaching Washington. The editor of a Hatavia paper in those days of 181'2 announced in his little sheet?and one can almost imagine his excitement its lie penned the lines? that "we stop the press to announce the intelligence of an armed British and Indian force 011 the ('anadian side of the Niagara river, apparently with an intention to make :t descent on the American side." If tin? appearance of "an armed force" was to lie dis|x>scd of in three lines, it is no wonder that European news nearly a month old received no better treatment. One of the paragraphs published aliout that time was thus displayed : "Very late and important news from England brought on the fast sailing ship Orbit, making a short passage from Liverpool in twentyseven days. Peace between England and Sweeden and war with the United States were the daily expected events." There were no war correspondents in those days, but anybody and everybody contributed their mite of infor niation to tlio waiting editor. Sea captains brought what they could in the way of news, and they were eagerly sought. It took six days for the report of a naval engagement off Martha's Vineyard to reach the headquarters of the army. The rumor first came through a gentleman traveling on the mail stage from Providence, it I., to New York, lie had learned it from three captains who had told him that they hnd noticed four or five vessels "doing battle." After much more impatient delay, some one kindly wrote to a newspaper that he had seen three Americnn ships go out to Montauk Point, whore there was one British ship, so that he had no doubt of her capture. Everything was so slow in those good old times that it Is no wonder t he battle of News < trloans was fought after peace had been declared. And people went long distances in such a long time. The day after war was declared, according to a veracious chronicler of the time, "Mr. Cozens left Washington for New Orleans with dispatches. We hear," exclaimed the astonished reporter, "that he is under engagement to reach there in twelve days, a distance of almost I 1 ,.)<><) miles!" KJKST OK TIIK "K.VIKAS." The editors of extras were not so generous with extras 8(5 years ago as they are today, only a few appearing during that important time. No paper ' or ink was wasted on them. They were about a foot long, and only the news which was the cause of the extra edition was published, about two , columns on one side of the page. On* J April I, 1N12, an extra was issued in . Washington announcing that "the injunction of secrecy in relation to a . part of the proceedings of Congress . having this day been removed, it ap* pears that, in the course of the secret sittings, the following act was passed. . 'An act laying an embargo on all shi| ?s and vessels in the ports and r harbors of the tinted States for a s, limited time.' " Fancy a newspaper . reporter of today resting quietly - i while "both houses sat with closed - ! doors for two or three days." t i The raising of the embargo would tie I followed by war, hut no one drew led a I struggle. "|n a country where there is , no w asting sickness, but fruitful seasons" - wiote a patriotic Iloston man, "and v blessed with wood, iron and hemp, and it a hi a ve militia, theru can lie no reitsou I mi inning uiiicii longer me uger oi me t ' land nor the shark of the ocean." A secret session of tmth lionses on the 18 th of July caused excitement again in newspaper circles, although no news could be bad, but on the 20th of July, 1812. "the injunction of secrecy being removed," a proclamation declaring war with Great Britain was isstod*. signed by Jaipes Madison, president of the ^United States, and James Monroe, Secittary ,bf State. A PROCLAMATION AT LAST. 1 From all over the country came reports'showlng that the declaration was received with greater favor than any other act of the administration for years. When Commodore Ilodgers received the declaration of war on l>oard his ship, the President, .lie ordered all hands on deck and made an address to them. "Now, lade," said he, "wo have jfot something to do that will shake Vhe dust from our jackets. War is declared 1 Wo o?... 11 ? .1 .1 1- ... -<J oiinu nine iiliUblICi UiWIl ill UUr OIU enemies. It is the very thing you have long wanted. The rascals have been bullying over us these ten years, and I am glad the time has come at last when we can have satisfaction. If there are any among you who are not willing to risk your lives with me, say so, and you shall be paid off and discharged. I'll have no skulkers alioard my ship!" So the war started, with a people ready and willing to tight, even though they had to nerve their President to the sticking point. WASHINGTON LETTER. - ^-PTw?<?OT^t>?g\nSr Correspondent.) Washington. D. C., April 15.? The pendulum no longer swings between peace and war, but bangs stationary at war. 'i he Congressional joint resolution declaring the people of Cuba free and independent, and demanding on the part of the United States government that Spain withdraw from Cuba, and directing and empowering the President to use the entire land and naval forces of the United States, and so much of the militia of the several States as may be needed to force Spain out of Cuba, means war, as uoonc in Wash ington has the slightest idea tluit Spain will accede to the demand peaceably. The only difference of opinion in Congress about the forcible interven tion resolution was on the independence clause?always excepting the four or five Senators who are known as peace at-any-price men. A strong minority wished that clause to rccog a i-i:? either by the official act of the Spanish authorities or was made possible by a negligence on their part so willing and gross as to bo equivalent in culpability to positive criminal action." Congress is so belligerent that when no other eneiny is in sight its members want to fight each other. This weok there was what looked from the gallery like a general free fight on uinv iuv iirkj^iivitiiu: ul bill' i r|HHMIl of Cuba, but after mature consideration by the Senate and House Foreign Committees a majority of both decided to follow the President's ad vice and merely declare the people of Cuba to be free and independent, leaving the question of the gov. eminent of Cuba to bo settled after the island shall be oceupied by United States troops. Nothing is likely to prevent the ultimate recognition of the present Cuban re public, unless it becomes apparent that it does not represent a majority of the people of Cuba. At least, that is what those close to ttie Presi dent say. So far as the use of force to drive Spain out of Cuba is concerned there is no opposition in Congress, except from the little group of Senators mentioned, who would probably oppose war, even bad the Maine been destroyed by a shell 1 __ D 1 C ac ' opemy nreu irom 4>iOor uastie?only 10 members of the House voted against it. They can talk, under the rules of the Senate, hut that is all they can do. The die is cast. Congress wants war, the people want war, and war it will he. The destruction of the Maine is mentioned in a preamble to the joint resolution as the culmination of the abhorrent conditions that had existed in Cuba for three years, and it would also have been true to have added, as the principal reason for this forcible intervention, notwithstanding tlie following statement from the long and carefully prepared report made by the Senate committee on Foreign Relations on the resolution; "So clearly is the destruction of the Maine only a single incident in the relations of this government with c^pain, that calamity had never happened the questions between the I'nited States and that government would still press for immediate solution." Further along the report expresses the opinion "that the destruction of the Maine was compassed the floor of the House When the committee on Foreign Affairs reported the Cuban re8olu6pr.jp the House a slight misunderstan'Wg Vrose, during which Representor*- Brumn, of Pa., called Representative Bartlett, of'GTa., a liar. .JfheGsorgia gentleman started' for" if?en 11 sy 1 v an i a gentleman and on^W jftay grabbed a book almost ns big asSin unabridged dictionary from another member's desk and hurled k Brumn. This was the signal loll rush on the part of a -score of meters and the mix-up was awful for.|Snittlc while. The principals were taken charge of by their friends and never got together If Spain h? any friends they would do as mucLior her. Consul General Fit^Vgh Lee, who had been given a reception in Washington such as had not bpen accorded to any person for a long time, brought no new proof concerning the guilt of Knnnivli in tl.? Moi genf government. - m PROGRESS OF THE SOUTH. Weekly Report of the Manufacturers' Record, Showing that the War Excitement has not Killed Southern Enterprise. Baltimore, April 14.?Special ; In spite of the acute situation in Spanish-American relations, which has given a decided impetus in parts, of the South to undertakings connected with military and naval movements, the influences which work for its permanent good haVo not beon abated during the past, woek.t* The effects of the practical^ meeting at Atlanta recently for the advancement of Georgia's manufacturing interests are felt in the preparations for similar conventions in Louisville and Nasville. The Louisville Commercial Club has been largely instrumental in working up interests in the Kentucky Convention. The discussions will cover the State's geographical advantages and its agricultural % and industrial opportunities, and will seek to show how capital inay be best attracted to the State and most profitably employed there, the best method of encouraging desirable immigration, the uses and abuses of corporations, l t . - now uesi 10 employ railroads?the greatest source of development, and will deal also with land titles, good roads, commercial laws and the delays in co>t of administration of justice Among the topics for ;he Tennessee Convention are tax laws, the raw material in the State for manufacturing, agriculture, labor and its inlluence, relation of banks to the d,eve\opmcnt of industries, the prevention of the flow of capital from Tennessee and the encouragement of its location in the State. Whether or not war assumes great proportions, tho aggressive Southerners uro not losing sight of the move imperative task of developing her home resources. The railroads are recognized as valuable aids in this work. !\n<l - - -j ? ? - ?. J ^ IV* IVI il iV I 1IV/ Manufacturers' lleoord give details of latot undertakings in this three, tion. Among theni are the probability of the early construction by the Knoxville and Uristol Railway Company of a roadway from llluinc southward eighteen miles to Knoxville, and from Mean's Station northeastward about seventy-five miles tQ Bristol, an extension whevehv then will be a direct line of eighty miles between Uniontown, Pa., to Mounds villc and Wheeling, W. Yn., and thirtv-eight mile extension of the Yazoo Delta Railroad in Mississippi to connect with the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley division of the Illinois Central Railroad. Taking the figures of the geological survey of the output of coal in this country in 1807 the Manufacturers' Record presents tables and statistics in comparing the progress of the South with that of the rest of the country in the bituminous output. The percentage of increase in the South in 1807 over 1.806 was 2.6">0.174 tons, equal to 7.8, and in the i n .\ A m I sion, but he told the House and Senate Foreign Committees, before which he appeared within two hours after his arrival that he hrtd not the slighcst doubt that Spanish officials at Havana were cognizant, of and Responsible for tip oTitwHMinp. although lie did not think that (Sptain. General Blanco either had anything to do with it or had any knowledge of it before the explosion. General Lee says he is anxious to go hack to Cuba, not as Consul General, but as an officer in the United States army, sent there to drive the Spanish Hag off the island. The suggestion has been made, and very favorably received, that, in view of General Lee's knowledge of the island, it would be good policy to put him in command of the United States army of occupation that will be sent to Cuba, unless there is a hitch in present plans, in a very shoit time. General Lee agrees with the President that the Cuban insurgents have not yet succeeded in establishing n government that is entitled to recognition as an independent ^State, and his saying so had a'tfifiirked eft'eet upon that element in Congress which had been insisting that intervention should he accompanied by a recognition of the imlenondoni'o nf the insnr. Texas; ?l(HUK)o manganese company at Norfolk, Va.: ?~>o,ooo ilout mill company at Charleston, W. Va. ?News and Courier. Why Women Are Not All .Married. The Temple Magazine has been holding a symposium?that, we believe, is the word?on the question "Why do women prefer to remain unwed?" This seems to be taking n good deal for granted, to begin with but three of the ladies who tell uwhv have no doubts on the subject Miss Adeline Se.geaut sums it uj by declaring ilnit the woman win wants ro enjoy life should certainly " > * ' ** ; it'iiiiiiu iinwcu. .Miss.\uhla fried erichs is of opinion that it is "fron sheer selfishness, ' while Miss Snral Doudppy takes the higher view thai it is because women "know more about men than they ever did in older times." Miss Mary K. Hillintrton is?sha'l we say more candid or lcs> ingenious? She answers the question by asking another: "Is there in tin world any woman who does prefer t< remain unwed?" and answers it herself by a direct negative. This is tint treason, and w e can almost hear the other ladies sharpening their peie to fall upon Miss liillington.?JL< ;it don Chronicle. o 4 tir mat) w )to tr'l<s (() teach a prettj gin to tutu a wtiefcl has u good steady job I 1 B?m?UHIOB?BOI?l0l9BOBCB0DCBOBOI*BGIOloSlO [ j Wm. A. Nicholson & Son, Bankers g RESPECTFULLY SOLICIT YOUR * | BANKING BUSI NESS & YOUR FIRE INSURANCE, S A.nd promise you the best protection anil the best service. g C*0 CMMtlMMMCENMOBCMIOPOatltllOBO TWO OF OUR BEST! . hamilton bhowi\ $ vv shoe co's a1rrjv v visit orii STORE : ! FINE SHOES. Pi ! UNION SHOE CO. tob ?bothlwfel ^mb ^adk jfomofmp Mos/fitx ' ?- " "" ?? - ~_ n n n /ArffffiAAoSOM | ^ zalllb weak tm f . I A Prices ; l'rieos printed in the papers do not I t? ll tin* whole story. ^ Our Prices y>^\ i** rt'iiri'snnt. i)i?* umct ?-AOV .... ...... V I , - | ..v itu'ob una iiiaao Uiiu X^r^V . Our Men's and Boys Spring Suits. 4 \ r Must lie seen to in* :ij?)?i?C^5L Jr \k ? ** Tl:t* sujn'iior merit01 ourSuits is the t/F 1 r Fabric I !sf ? T* J Iteciiuse it will be just as we repre- J"~^ q f / ! ^ All = Wool - ' ??? jjr' Tailoring ?rr?\^\ 1 hrause the iusides arc tailored with ?===s::l \l r_? I as much care ami thought as the If AI " ] style ?. L/L I iteca use they ait1 just as the Stand- xTv'V-~jj I ; aril of Spring'US dictates. ?//, \ *' \ri=f Fit \ \ Lri lieeause we take as much pains as . Tjfat- / I the I left uierehant tailor to measure '/j -) jon i?ro|H'tlv. Will others do as much. Can they do as mueh. We I sire agents for the celebrated Mm- T") hattan Shirts, Call and see them \ SMITH CLOTHING COMPANY. . ! OUR SPItlXG GOODS I A PO Ma\a/ in or?rl O^/irKi i ^ ^ ~ ~ ? " m u muw mi auu ncauy IUi ftlSpt/UllUll g 2 In Woolens and Wash Hoods for Ladies and. S ? Children we are strictly in it this season. All new r> 3 fresh goods and marked at a low Cash price, which S " will appeal to your purse these close times. 2 ITS MIU.I.MMiV We haye been fortunate enough to secure Miss ? 1 Emma Higgins, one of the best trimmers sent out i 2 from one of the largest houses in the United States. ? 2 My stock in the above department is larger than ? , 2 ever, so don't buy your Hat until you have seen our 2 goods. Along with the above lines you will find my g \ stock of Shoes, Clothing, Oueenswp.re, Tinware and ? , Mens and Hoys Hats one of the nobbiest and up-to- w j 2 date stocks on the market, and everything goes at m 2 a low price. I shall not enumerate prices, but call m t 2 and be convinced that we are the people for honest ? i value and low prices. * ; MoI>UUK'Si. " aaiaaaaaaaaaa.aaaoBaaapaaaaaBca*B?aaBaB?B?aaaaaa.aa ' CATAPHORESIS. .; > > ELECTRICS. ? i, ?, ^ ) ^ ^ " ^ DR. H. K. SMITH, ! E N T I S T.Ce^ Crown and C'KW:* B T ^ ^ Bridge Work. X5h*? Union, S. C. *1 . rcs-i 01 ine country i tons, or 5.7. West Virginia and Kentucky show the largest actual gain in the South, which advanced n.ucli more between 1 HIM? and 1 St?T than between 1805 and 1800. The South's gain is more appreciable in comparing the figures for 1887 and 1807. In 1887 the South produced 18.471,022 tons, <>r 22 per cent, of the total in the country. In ten years it had increased its output 03 per cent . e?puil to 3ti.47ti.700 tons, which was little less tlftm Si5 per cent, of the total. The increase of the country has boon from 00.. 315,478 to ltio.t557.tJ80 tons, or 08 per cent. Alabama's gain in ten years was 201 per cent.. We-t Virginia's 180 per cent, and Kentucky's 102 per cent. These figures are valuable as indicating the growing industrial impoitance of the South. While many mines there are contributing to the industrial activity elsewhere, the advance from 75,000 to 010,002 tons in Texas, and from 150,000 to 807.207 in Ai Kansas, together with the compilative figures in other States, shows the growth ol the enterprises in the South itself, and is the promise of ability to supt ly fuel tf>. new ones or for the ves se s which are to cont.iibute to tin i-Aii-iJsivu ^umiiera commerce, The industrial announcements o! the week, reported in the Manufacturers' llecord. include tin* sale "I 11,000 acres of coal hiiid in.Alabama, on which coal mines will he opened ami several hundred eoko ovens will he erected; $>-">.000 cotton mill at Courtlaml. Ala.; 3-">.0OO hrick works at Decatur, Ala.; &10,00<) catriage company at Cartersville, (la.; ?;")().000 stove foundery tit Louisville. Ky.; saw mill of l-o.OOO feet capsi capacity at Lecsville, Louisiana; 3;lf>0,000 sugar factory in >t. Bernard Parish, La.; 3~>,000 telephone company at Altnvra. N. C., , knitting mill and punts factory at Balfour, N. C.; 3;~'0,000 cotton mill company at Concord. N. .; i>,000spindle cotton mill at Norwood, N C.; 3100,000 company to erect 10,000.spindle mill at Chattanooga Tenn.; 31(1.000 undetwear factory ai Chattanooga, Tenn.; 3L~>0,000 cotton seed cnl mill at Memphis, Tenn.; 3d,000 tobacco factory at Clarksville, Tenn.; 310-000 machine company at Waco, Texas; flOO.OOObushel grain olevator at 1 ort Ar?Lui-.