The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, December 23, 1922, Image 1

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THE SUMMER WATCHMAN, Est CONSOLIDATED AU?L 2, CONSIDERS THE_STRAITS Control of tile Darda nelles is Now the Prominent Issue Be fore the Lausanne Conference v Lausanne, Dec. 18 (By the As sociated Press).?The subcommis sion of the Near East conference which is considering: the various plans for 'regulation of the Turk ish straits adjourned late this af ternoon until tomorrow without 'having reached any decision. The plan presented by M. Tchit cherin for the regulation of the Turkish straits was given out in summarized form: Chapter 1 provides for confirma tirn of Turkey's sovereignty over, the straits, the latter being defined 1 as including,, the Straits of Darda-r neJ3ea, Sea of Marmora, the B?s phorus and the Aegean islands. Chapter 2 specifies the regulation applicable in time of peace to merchant ships and commercial, air planes, which would have full lib erty of passage, and to warship and .military forces. It declares that, by virtue of a principle "a long time established,", the straits would j be recognized as closed to the . war- ! ships, including submarines, of all j navies excepting Turkey's and the flight of all military airplanes, ex cept Turkish machines, would be prohibited. However, in absolutely isolated and exceptional cases, and for defi nite purposes., Turkey, by special decrees duly published could au thorize the passage of light, war thips. submarines - excluded. The onnage limit of these warships would be 6^)00, and the gun caliber limit, 15 centimeters. Passage would not include the right to landings in the straits or the discharge of war material, and the commander of each warship would be required to give previous announcement of his intentions to pass, so that the Turkish author ities could verify the authoriza-' tion. During the war time,-?in- case Turkey was neutra?, all merchant^ men could pass freely with the understanding that Turkey reserv ed the right to adopt proper steps to safeguard her neutrality. In ex ceptional cases she cculd permit the passage of light neutral war ships, except submarines, but no wamhips or airplane of a belliger ent power and no military airplane of a neutral country would be al lowed to go through. ;"*Tbe next section refers to such time of war as Turkey may be among the. belligerent*!. In this case, neutral merchantmen and neu tral merchant airplanes could pass, Turkey reserving the right of search. In isolated cases Turk ey could also authorize the pas sage of neutral warships. To guarantee her sovereignty and enforce the principle of closing the straits to warships. Turkey would be authorized to maintain in the straits zone, without restriction, military and naval forces, includ ing submarines and air squadrons; "erect fortifications, with artillery of unlknited caliber; lay mine fields and, generally speaking, organ ize the military defense of trie straits "by applying the technical means of warfare, known to pres ent and future .times." Chapter 4 provides that, without prejudice to Turkish sovereignty and to help commercial naviga tion, an international commis sion would be appointed to sit in Constantinople, this commission to be composed of one representative of the states bordering on the ?lack sea, and one each from Ger many, the United States, France, -Great Britain, Italy and Japan, under the presidency of a Turk ish delegate. Chapter 5 stipulates that, within three months after the signature of the accord, the powers would rec-. ognize the Black sea as a "closed sea" belonging to the Black sea countries. The agreement would run for ten years and be subject to renewal. New Plan Presented. Lausanne, Dec. 18 (By the Asso ciated Press).?Absolute control of the straits of the Dardanelles and Bosphorus by Turkey' would be given under a plan submitted this afternoon by Foreign Minister Tchitcherin of Russia to the com mission of the Near East confer ence studying the status of the straits. This plan would bar all sub ?marincs and military aircraft from the Black sea, but would permit Turkey to allow warcraft not ex ceeding 6,000 tons to pass through the straits in exceptional cases, when not on military missions. This is wholly at variance with the entente plan, which would not permit the Black sea to be con trolled absolutely by,Turkey and the other states on its shores; the en tente viewing the sea as an inter-^ national body of water in which! all nations are interested, while the Russian plan takes a contrary view. Lord Curzon and Delegate Bar rere of France both addressed the meeting of the straits commission this afternoon in support of the plan for control of the straits work ed out by the inviting powers. The entente plan provides for abD?hed April, 1850. 1881. WPEAfJ TREATY JRAWN jText oi> Agreement Ready to Be Pre sented at Lausanne Lausanne, Dec. 19.?The com plete draft of the peace treaty drawn up as the result -of the Near East conference deliberations will be presented to the Turks Sat urday, according to reports. To day's session dealing with the Dardanelles question was adjourn ed until tomorrow without agree ment. The Turkish delegates were conciliatory, but the Russians maintained,/ their opposition. Lord Curzon, the British spokesman, announced that discussions Jwere dragging too much and tomorrow must settle the straits question. Tchicherin. the .Russian foreign I minister, tried t6*involve the Anier ! leans in the argument over the "straits saying the American atti tude towards the straits should be interpreted to mean that only war ships on merciful errands would be allowed. The American delegates .declined to reply. SUBCOMMITTEE TO CARRY ON Impeachment of Daugherty Will Continue Without Help of Representative Keller Washington, Dec. 18.?The re fusal of Representative Keller (Republican) of Minnesota to re spond to a subpoena requiring him to give under oath .the. information upon which he based impeach ment . charges against Attorney General Daugherty has created a precedent of such possible far reaching importance that the house judiciary committee decided today to refer"^the whole matter 'to a subcommittee for investiga tion. ? Mear.time, the hearings on the charges against Mr. Daugherty will go forward,, the coommittee sum moning such witnesses as it can find-without the aid" of" Mr. Keller, who dramatically withdrew from the proceedings last Thusday after filing with "Chairman Volstead a statement" charging that there had been a "bare faced" attempt to "whitewash" the attorney general. At the time the taking of testi mony on two of the 14 charges filed by Mr. Keller had been com pleted. Chairman Volstead plans to ap point within a day or two the sub committee, which, in the language of a formal motion adopted today by the entire committee, is "to make investigation of what action, jif any, should be taken in connec jtion with the conduct of Mr. Kel ler towards this committee and to wards the house of representa tives." The committee will be composed of both ? Democrats and Republi cans, Mr. Volstead said, but it was indicated that the personnel would depend largely upon the willing ness of the members to serve Admittedly Mr. Keller's an nouncement that in refusing to {obey the subpoena, he was stand ing on his rights as a member of the house has left a majority of the 2 lawyers on the judiciary committee in a quandry as to just what the power of the committee and the house is in the premises. The situation is without parallel so far as they now can determine and since whatever action is decid ed upon will constitute a guide in the future there is a disposition to attack the problem with great care and deliberation. The situation was canvassed ful ly at an executive session today lasting for more than an hour and a half, but there was such a diversity of opinion that agreement upon a definite line of action was regarded as hopeless, at least, until a study of the legal authorities had shed more light than thus far has been brought to bear. From the start some members have been in favor of a report for contempt pro ceedings before the bar of the house, but t^.us far they appear ? to have been in the minority. On the basis of the information now at hand, the members are fairly convinced that'Mr. Keller can not be made to appear before the j committee to testily. They also I are of the opinion that the house j itself can not enforce compliance j with the subpoena as could a court j in a similar case. Whether there 1 could be contempt proceedings is j another question and one for the j subcommittee to inquire into. The bad weather and the condi tion of the roads are keeping many Christmas shoppers from coining to i town. It is wise to shop early : while the weather is fine. j Presidential work is ruining j Harding's golf which is an alibi I very few golfers can give. ? Turkey's absolute sovereignty over : the demilitarized zones adjoining I the straits and stipulates that the I league of nations shall guarantee Constantinople free from attack. Lord Curzon said the fact that Turkey was willing to enter the league of nations would greatly sim plify the regulations of the regime established for the straits. "Be Just and Fear ALLIES ADOPT 1 FIRM TONE I TOT?RHY I -? Demand Presented ^That Turks Accept or Reject Without Delay Allies Terms as to Dardanelles Lausanne, Dec. 19. ? Turkish fears of submarines, Turkish fears of swiftly flying military airplanes, laden with bombs and generally, Turkish fears of aggressions from without that will put Constantino ple in danger have tonight placed the whole Lausanne conference in jeopardy. The United States is silent on the situation, but the allied leaders say tonight that they have uttered their last word on the question-of the liberty of the straits. Tomor row the Turks must say yes or j no to the allied project. I The British experts. Admiral Keyes and Gen. Burdett-Stuart, he-: lieving their work completed, and the French experts are preparing to depart tomorrow night at the conclusion of the "last session" for discussion of the straits. tVhether a rupture will come on the straits problem depends chiefly on wheth er the entente diplomats and their experts can remove the Turkish fears. This they are trying to do tonight. The diplomats are endeavoring to convince the Angora statemen that the" straits pro ject is essen jtially framed to meet conditions. h\ ! times Of peace, and that the allies are not in any sinister hidden man ner seeking facilities for war, and especially against Turkey. They say they have sought only the equality of ail fleetes passing through the straits .on peaceful er rands. The allies have emphasized that they can not accept the Turkish request tor* the'suppression of sub marines and military airplanes; <- es pecially they have been unable to accept the Ottoman suggestion that the Black Sea shall not exceed in strength the fleet of the strongest naval power of, the Black Sea. "That would make the. Black . -Sea forbidden, ground," said a French expert tonight.. ?? As the Russians are here only for discussion Loi the straits ques tion, tomorrow may see the last of them at Lausanne. They still are in* a fighting mood, however,. George Tchltcherin was in fine argumentative - form today. He tried to win American sympathy for the Russian straits project by insisting that it incorporated the American* idea of "beneficient war ships." But the allies have agreed that the Moscow straits plan .is abso lutely unacceptable. Tchitcherin made a dramatic plea to the world masses. He said Russia was con vinced the world's peoples were back of Russia in her attempts to secure international justice. He called "marinism" adding "I mean the sea militarism which- hopes to strangle Russia." . An additional fear of the Turks which the allies must calm tomor row is that with which they sur round the proposed international commission to supervise control of the straits. The Turks claim the commission will be inquisitorial in nature, that it may infringe Turk ish sovereignty, and finally, that it may be used as a club by some i powers to threaten Turkey. Hence ?their ambition to have a general guarantee pact signed at Lausanne wjiich will assure the neutrality of the straits and prevent acts of hos tility in Turkish territorial waters. The Turks tonight seemed un t ruffled. They did not appear at all impressed, by the ultimatum talk with which the Lausanne atmos ? phere is charged. ' It was pointed out tonight that failure'*^*? the straits negotiations would not necessarily imply failure on other vital matters of the Lau sanne agenda one of which is a lasting peace between Greece and Turkey and bewteen Turkey and the allies. Marquis Curzon today informed H. Barrere. of the French delega tion that the British government hand abandoned the idea of having j the Lausanne treaty written in the t English and French languages. He agreed that French alone would be used. As France has made no re quest in this connection, the Eng lish initiative created an exceed ingly pleasant feeling among the Frenchmen, who like to have their language regarded always as the language of diplomacy. Death House Without Tenants Columbia, Dec. 20.?When Frank M. Jeffords leaves the death house at the South Carolina state prison on January 22 on his march to the electric chair, that section of the prison will be empty for the first time in approximately two years. Desiring better health and other conditions of men under sentence to die but who have appeals pend ing, the prison authorities have removed these m?ri to the cell biocks in the prison proper. When appeals are settled against these men and the date, for their deaths set they will be returned to thej death house. Not?Let all the ends Thon Alras't i Sumter, S. C, Saturday CLEMENCEAU ARRIVES HOME j FROM AMERICA ?_?_? .' Former Premier Greeted by Large Crowd When He Landed at H#vre? Christmas Message to Americans Havre. France, Dec. 2G.?Former Premier Georges Clemenceau ar rived home from America today. He was apparently tired but in a hilarious mood. A large crowd 'greeted him at the pieri He said he hoped for good results from his trip, adding "however, let the j i people decide. I put my thought ] (fully before them and they eertain ly have sense enough to judge." I He told the correspondent that j - at first thought was -he was glad ito get home, second was sorry hej j had left America.? He wished the I Americans a 'merry Christmas ".nd a happy New Year. - ^ Referring to reparations ques tion he said he feared German strikes if France occupied the j Ruhr district. TO BUILD BIG DAM IN CANADA Chief Engineer of Southern Power Company Taker Ac- j tive Charge of Project j Charlotte, N. C, Dec. 19;-^#^'S. Lee, chief engineer of the SOtfrhern i Power company, with headquarters ' here, tonight announced - that *Fy H. Cothran, the company's dfridlou"En gineer, will leave here on December r25 for Quebec, Canada, to'fake, I active charge of the enginee'rfng 1 work on the 2j)(h000. horsepower hydro-electric development, ''pro ject which is to be opened1, up by {J. B. Duke of New York, and Charlotte, and Sir Wilham. Price, ' Canadian capitalist. Mr.. Cothran j has been *n charge of the South 1 era Power company's projects in (North Carolina. * |. Mrr:Ler also* stated.?bstt he wilTj t devote ? personal' attention to de velop most of the Canadian pow er plant, and spend. pArt of his .time in that country directing the ; work- Mr. Lee explained that the project, while under direction'of .South Power company officials, has : no immediate connection* with the '? company, and that the Southern corporation and the Quebec* De-1 'velopment company are-separate j and distinct organizations although < . Mr. Duke and himself as the South- j j ern company's officials, are asso JciP'ed with Sir William, j -A contract for 200,000 horse j power has already been sold in | Canada, Mr. Lee said, and it is, : proposed to develop 1,000,000 j i horsepower from the new plant. |F ? reiterated that the develop-j ment was partly to conserve coaD i in Canada and to generate steamI for domestic and industrial use by j electricity. -i? j Annual Meeting of Postmasters Postmaster General Expected to Attend Convention in Columbia 1 Columbia, Dec. 20.?Postmaster General Herbert Work and a number of other high officials of the postofflce department are ex pected to attend the annual meet ing of South Carolina postmasters,! which will be held in Columbia on January 18, it was announced here today. The program for the meet ing is expected to be completed within a short time. The meeting originally was scheduled to be held in Charles ton but was changed to Columbia on account of its more central lo cation, it was'stated. TOLBERT MAY v BE HEARD Expected to Appear Before Senate Committee Washington, Dec. 18.?It is uh-J derstood that Republican National Committeeman Joseph W. Tolbertj will appear next. Wednesday before the subcommittee of the Senate' judiciary committee, whcih is handling his third nomination for ? marshal of the Western Federal J j District of South Carolina, now held by a temporary appointee of I Judge Watkins. because the .Senate has never confirmed the nominee, j Heretofore Tolbert has not appear ed before the committee to state his case for himself. The subcommittee is made up of -Senators Brandegee, of Connecti 'cut; Colt, of Rhode Island, and Overman, of North Carolina, the first two being Republicans. Sumter will have two modern' creameries in operation after Jan-j uary 1st. There should be five to j ten thousand dairy cows on the i farms of the county to supply cream ' for these plants. With that number! of cows in the county the boll j weevil would cease to worry the) majority of peoplr 7 it he thy Country's, Thy God's and r, December 23, 1922 EYEWITNESS OF HERRIN MASSACRE Physician Tells Jury of j Having Seen S i X| Men Shot Down by the Mob . - ? ... . . . i Marten. 111.,-Dec. 18 (By the As-| sociated Press).?Dr. O. F. Ship-j man testified today at the trial of five men in connection with the j Herrin. riet that he had been an eye-witness of the shooting down of six unarmed men by a mob in front of the Herrin cemetery the day of the killings. ? Two other witnesses, Mr. and Mrs. George Nelson, testified they ?had. seen a crowd of armed men drive 30 or.40 unarmed prisoners! from the "strip" mine, where thej trouble started, past their farm! near the mine. R. C. Greer, former mayor of' Herrin, also- testified he had seen the' prisoners brought from the mine and that there were 48 in the group escorted by 25 or 30 armed men. He said there were several hundred spectators-about the mine^ and he saw automobiles from Mis souri, Indiana, Kentucky and oth- J ?r states! - Dr. Shipman testified % he had followed the mob and its bleeding, pfeading captives a mile and a half through the streets, of Herrin to the cemetery* and that ?v"??* Jr* s a volley of shots and -that W a&w the six prisoners urvp tu tiic v road. "The witness testified a man he could not identify stood over the prostrate victims and emptied the contents of "two revolvers into their bodies. Hie swore- that Joe~ Carr inaghi, onej?f the defendants, had fifed into thenthe prostrate, body of JFEoward, Hoffman, of Huntington; Ind., one .of the 20 Jion-union men killed' .dm?n^the. riotsV and that blood had spurted- into the air as the bullet struck. " "Oh^ men, ? men, what are ?you doinjgr?"' the witness quoted Hoff man as saying. "If you have ever said your prayers, say them now, d you, for yon won't have much longer," '-he. -testified- 'am .unidentified leader of, the mob told the prisoners just -before" they were shot down. Askedfti?. he could tell who did the shooting,*-Dr.-S;hipman named Joe CJ?rnaghl; . and, Leva Mann, two of the: defendants now . on trial, and Percy Hall and Jim Gal lag nan, who hove heeh indicted but who are not.defendants in the [ present case, , The tiame of Peter Hiller, anoth er of the defendants-who was mar ried in the jail tonight to Anna Campbell, 18 years old, of Mar ion, was brought into the evidence for the first time today. Hiller was ^the fifth and last defendant who has been mentioned in the testi mony as. having been seen with Sims during the rioting. George Nelson: was the first wit ness to name Hiller, whom he said he had seen, among- the crowd at . the mine invthe morning, but with out a gun. . Dr. Shipman tes-vfied ;he had.seen Hiller that night with, j a gun strapped about his body land that Hiller had said to him that some of the' prisoners had gotten away and that he was I bound back to the Ihine to search j for them. Shipman also said that [he had seen Leva Mann step out jof the mob at the cemetery after I the' shooting, wave a gun about his head and declared: I "Come on. boys, we've got two more down here." ! Under the longest and severest cross-examination yet given any i state's witnesses, Dr. Shipman said he had represented coal compa nies in "about 100" claims cases in the past three years. He denied, however, he was prejudiced against the miners and; said he had rep resented "three or four"' miners in suits. ' Asked why he did not go to pro tect the six prisoners from the mob, he replied: *T did not dare." Dr. Shipman was then asked whether he had not told attorneys for the defense that he could not identify the men at the time, but remembered .their faces. He de nied " he had told any one that he had told any one that he was go was going to seek a $2,000 reward ohered in connection with the slay ings. Mrs. Nelson" testified she had recognized C. K. McDowell, super intendent of the "strip" mine, limping painfully along among the prisoners taken from the mine, I that he was taken down a road and j that she later heard shots. She said the only other person in the crowd she recognized was Mrs. Otis Clark, wife of one of the de fendants, and that Mrs. Clarke said: "They've got old 'Peg Leg.'" > Nelson, however, said he had seen Otis Clark and Oscar How ard, the latter not a defendant in the present case, with guns lead McDowell away down the road and. had heard shots and found the mine superintendent's bullet pierc ed body, Mr. Greer testified he also had seen Otis Clark flourishing a gun and had heard him say: "I've been in this fight for five days and I be lieve in starting at the head to stop af thing. I believe in taking every one. out and stopping the breed." Ollie A. Greer, son of R. O. Greer, said he was at the mine the Trn?b*g.M COLUMBIA IN ON WATEREE CELEBRATION i Chamber of Com merce Decides t o Celebrate Opening of New Route to Sumter Columbia, Der?. 20.?The Colum bia Chamber of Commerce will participate with the Sumter Coun- ' ty Chamber of Commerce and oth er civic organizations in celebra-1 tfon of the opening of the Wateree j bridge between Sumter and Rich land counties, it. was announced here today. President Cappelmann of the Chamber of Commerce will appoint a committee to work with the Sumter chamber on planning the celebration. The opening of the Wateree bridge will cut off approximatelyj 25 miles from; the route necessar-i ily traveled by automobilists in go ing from Columbia to Sumter. The bridge and its approaches are ap proximately five miles long. TAX EXEMPT SECURITIES Question Brings Up Sharp Fight in House > Washington, Dec. 19.?After a sharp preliminary* skirmish the house took up 'today a resolution proposing an amendment to the constitution under which issuance of tax exempt' securities by the federal government and the states would be prohibited. Backed by the endorsement of President Harding and the treas ury the proposal, was the center of a 'hard, fight iy which many Re publicans opposed it. Passage of the' measure. offered by Represen tative Green, Iowa, ranking Re publican of the ways and means committee, which reported it will requir? a two-thirds - vote of, the house. Opponents eiafmed tonight it would - be . defeated although those who caused- it to be brought up insisted- Jt-wpuld go. through Four ho^frs;*?f l^eral debate al lotted under a -special rule giving Uie measure right of way had not beeh^eoncluded on adjournment to night. ??? ? '??? y ?-t^". Federal Highway Maintenance SWe Highway Commission Will Transfer Portion of Roads to U. S. Au thorities - Columbia, Dec. 19. ? Selection of seven per cent of the state high ways that will be transferred to the Uinted States authorities of maintenance will be one of the principal 'subjects to come before the state highway commission at its meeting here on December 20. A number of delegations from va rious counties will appear before the commission, among them being the Richland permanent roads com mission; Hugh ?. I!anna, of Hamp ton; M. E. Rutland. Batesburg and the Fairfield county highway com mission. The commission also will consider its annual report to the governor. Recommendations to be made to the legislature in the report are expected to be considered. ? ? ? ? * The ginner's' report shows that South Carolina is making about one-third of a cotton crop this year. Sumter county's crop is- less than a sixth of the 1920 crop. j night before the 20 non-union men were killed but did not recognize any one in the crowd. . He said he returned the next morning, saw Otis Clark with a gun and heard him say: 'This kind of thing ought to be stopped." Jean Burlchart of Marion testi fied that Bert Grace, a defend ant, had borrowed a gun from him at his store the day of the j riot and had returned it the fol lowing day. Dan O'RoUrke and three other mine guards were in court J?day, prepared to. take the stand and tell of their experiences during the j riot, but were held over until .to- j morrow. O'Rourke is the only survivor of j the men shot down in Cemetery; road. Herrin Massacre Trial Marion, III., Dec. 19. ? Four, guards who escaped from the Her rin riots last June testified today against the five men on trial in connection with the killing of a score of non-union workers at the Lester strip mine. The defense o: cross-examination is seeking t > build up an alibi. HERRIN MASSACRE TRIAL Marion, 111., Dec. 20.?Joseph O'Rourke, William Cairns and Rob ert Officer, survivors of the Her rin mine riots, today testified in the trial of the five men charged with murder in connection with the slaying of twenty non-union workers. They told how the men were marched out of the pit and shot down. THE TR?fe SOI NO LOAN TO GERMANY AT PRESENT _ * International Bankers Will Not Consider Advancing Huge [ Sum Until Repara tions Question Has Been Settled New York, Dec. 18.?J. P. Mor gan & Co., tonight issued a state ment declaring they , had notified the German ambassador to th.'rs country that "it was impossible for us to discuss or consider a loan to Germany unless and until the rep arations question was settled." This statement was issued, it was learned, to set at rest what were described as "highly fantastical scories" which have been published regarding the possibility of the flo tation of an international loan to Germany, estimated as high as $1, 500,000,000. The statement follows: "Dr. Otto Wiedfeldt, the Ger ,-man -ambassador, called on Mr. Morgan on Saturday to make in quiry as to the possiblility of our undertaking to assist in floating a large, socalled international loan to'Germany. In his reply Mr. Mor gan adverted to the statement he had made following the sittings of ihe bankers* committee last June, and in eftect told the ambassador that our position was exactly the same as it was then. "He informed Dr. "Wiedfeldt, that, while we greatly desired to be of service to the general sit uation, nevertheless matters hacl manifestly reached such a * p/oint: that it was not possible for us to discuss or to consider' ? loan' to Germany unless and until the rep aratfons question was settled." Official denial was made of re ports that the Morgan firm Jiacl' presented "a plan for the settle ment of the reparations .problem to the Washington administration. While no official comment was made concerning Mr. Mrogan's * visit , to Secretary Hughes in Washington last week it is understood the, fin ancier merely gave the secretary his views on conditions in Europe whence he recently returned after a six months'*.visit.. Mr. Morgan was a member of an international committee of bankers- which met in London last June to discuss the mesiion of financial assistance to Germany. ? .Local international bankers are said to believe that before any loan is made by this country to Ger many there must be not* only a set tlement of the reparations question, but a sincere effort made by Ger many to balance her budget, revise her banking system and stabilize her currency, which has been enor mously inflated. If these condi tions arc met a small loan of short duration may be niade through lo cal bankers, but the possibility' of such an undertaking is said to be "very remote" at this time. While President Harding's cab inet is known to have had the Ger man reparations question under discussion at recent meetings, local bankers do not believe the admin istration will offer- its services as a referee on the reparations problem, in view of its- definite refusal to con sider such action at the request of the German government some time ago. The inquiry of Dr. Wiedfeldt is believed to be the first direct proposal made to American bank ers for assistance by the German government. . In his report to the internation al committee "of bankers, Mr. Mor gan asserted the American inves tor would be interested in German obligations only if it were satis factorily established: "First, that such a loan should he at the request and would be for j the benefit of the nllied nations. "Second, that through the tech nical security to.be given by Ger many and the rehabilitation of its internal financial situation Ger many should clearly show a desire to meet its obligations in the hope 'that by the fulfillment of these obligations it would reestablish its credit as one of the commercial I nations of the world." I "Herlin. Dec. IS (By the Asso ciated Press).?Berlin's financial j forecasters went far astray when ithey declared that the bourse was ? bound to see a "black Monday" j following on the heels of Saturday's ,sensational spurt by the mark in jXew York. Instead of the predict ed panic in exchange dealings, steadiness was the rule. Xew York advices" that the dol lar had touched 3,000 marks re sulted in a crowding of the bourse chamber at its opening today and the pessimists were routed when the first rate was announced at 3.??50. As the day proceeded the mark gradually lost much of the ground gained, and the close saw the dollar back to 6.430, putting a damper on a large part of the earlier enthusiasm among those who believed substantial relief from the high prices was in sight. Holders of stocks and foreign monies showed no haste to dispose of them; there was a general ten dency to exercise reserve. It is ex pected, that Wednesday, which is the next day on which there will be bourse trading, will reveal whether Sunday's gloomy forbodings were justified in holding up the 'THRON, Establish.*! Jnw I. i***. vol. on. no: 38 PAYMENT I Checks to Be Sent to Growers in North Carolina?Third AI; lotment to This State Soon Raleigh, N. C, Dec. 1S;?" ] Thousands of tobacco farmers 'who i are members of the Tobacco Grow^ I ers' Cooperative association will ! double their cash receipts next Wednesday, December 20" trti^ 15,549 checks Tor the second -psy~ ! ment will be, delivered at all' the cooperative warehouses of eastern North Carolina, j According - to today's ann'onhee-~ i ment of James H. Craig, treasurer': for the tobacco cooperative^th^e? checks will' cover the second pay-' j ment on all tobacco delivered up . tto December I. ' '' r A similar payment will be made ' ! to all the organized growers^ ?>? 1 the old belt of Virginia and North Carolina on deliveries up to ;Dei~ cember 20 as soon thereafter ?s. checks can be made out and mark ed. ? ? ? Millions of dollars are ready-for distribution to the growers of three states and the third pay-; ment will be made to the,;Souxh Carolina members of the market Jing association following the sec ond distribution to* the. old belt A record breaking series of 36 meetinga-in 20 counties .of Vir ginia this week will mark the eeje ( bration by thousands of growers of 1 their first successful year of or :ganization for marketing.. John J R. Hutchfemi. director , of exten - sion for Virgnia, F; S. Farrar,.' J. * If. Quisehberri% J. G. Brice, siare; district -agents,, and W. R. We?t. land Joseph JM. Hurt, directors of ,, 'the association will be among the * speakers at these rallies of tobs*> j co growers. j -;,Heavy deliveries to the Iative warehouses of '-western:.. Carohna and Virginia have &&r' flowed the recent rains and' meiar * jhers of the association who {.double their money within the j few ^j^km^z^vj^^-^tii (cent cash advances which ! run as "high as $20 " on some' |oa?s. >. r In the Carolina "belt, where the markets are closed, prices received from ?ot?ai sales of the association j for substantially all of its tobacco jby the association appear to be I well in line, if not in excess,- ot 'that received by non-members. Among the directors of the to bacco cooperative who win meet in j Raleigh - tomorrow for the.r final "session of .1922 will be.4:fo> deie~ gates of the association fresfc^om j the national conference ;of ~ccop eratiyes held last week in W?sh [ington,. where* President Hardingt Secretary Hoover and Director'Eu |gei|e Meyer, Jr., of the war fin ance corporation expressed praise for the: work of the cooperative 'marketing associations now estab lished throughout America. I ?' " u m i i HARRISON ?: j GAINS I Papers Staying Execution Are Served j Columbia. S. C," Dec* ^?Papers ! formally ^staying the -execution of Jlra K?rriaon, convicted as .one of^ 'the slayers of J. C. Arnette", today j were served on the soliictor of the j Richland circuit court, the clerk c? * ? court.of Rieliland. county aid Col: 'A. K. Sanders, superintendent of j the state penitentiary. "The leaio on life wilt enable Harrison, to err* I joy results from the filing by Bar 1 nard B,-?vana, his attorney, of n? 1 tice of appeal from the order of As Jsociate Justice Cothran, who re-. I fused on Saturday to grant a stay ! of execution, pending an appeal from the ruling of the circuit court which declined to appoint a b^ard jto inquire into Harrison's saraty. ; Justice,. Cothran's order, however paved the. way for a stay of execa j tion of tehtenee by specifically ?u I thorizing an appeal from his de j olsion to the entire supreme court. j When the supreme court wih ! hear arguments upon Harrison\s ! latest appeal was not known today, i spectre that there would be repe tition of December I of last year ! when the bourse became panic. ? stricken in consequence of the talk * I of a moratorium. , Attention was called today, how ever, to the fact that on Deeem j ber 1. 1921, banks were advanc ing credits, which is not the' case i now, and that the new develop i ment puts business credits even [ farther out of sight since the fin ianciers are not inclined to back en terprises which are heavily stock led up with high priced goods. Despite the reports contradicting lenrlier rumors that the United I States contemplated taking an ac itive* hand in European settle ments, it is regarded as certain that negotiations, at least for - ;t German loan, have been underway, jand this gives room for encour agement. Moreover, a change *u the American attitude is consid jered likely in view of-the appar ent abandonment by M. Poincaiv, the French premier, of lh>i plan ic Occupy more German territory.