Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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WEEVIL P01S0?L David R, Coker Surveys Results Obtained in Control.of the Cotton -Pest by Various Methods and SubmitsCeriain Con clusions that He Has Reached To the Editor of The State: Tour editorial of" December 4 s?enis'to' call for some further in ' formation from me as to the suc cess of the calcium arsenate-mo lasses method of weevil control. 'He: irte say first, however, a few - vcords* as* to my whole attitude on the: subject of weevil" control:' For - more than a dozen years I have been studying- the subject, have been breeding varieties that might be expected to successfully meet the weevil and have been endeav oring to work out methods of farm * practice which might prove suc cessful under weevil conditions. I carefully watched the government work on weevil control and when ? he" arrived in f orce 'last spring .put these methods into operation ,6n the majority of our cotton areas. We also in limited way tejsted the molasses-c?ic'ium * arsenate method, of'which we had heard good: re pcr^r.. Cur experiments with the dust ing method; were comparative .f?ii \ures. as" these fields became heavi ily fnfested_ with a small yellow plant louse, following the dusting and these lice severely damaged the cotton! No damage infestation - followed the molasses method and good" results were obtained where it was'used. This season.,we again treated one field with'the" dusting method and observed'.the same rer action of heavy plant louse in festation, which we checked by an applicatio nof sulphate of nico tine."' Notwithstanding our unfortunate experience with the dusting meth od and that of several other farm ers in this section. I freely admit that the dusting method has usually proved to be profitable and that it is apt to save a large pro portion /of the- cotton crop where * properly applied. There" are several very serious objections to it. however, and I feel that some method of weevil con * trol must be worked out which will overcome these objections. Until such a method is put before the people there is no hope that weevif control will become- general and that any Targe proportion of the cotton crop can be saved. . Objections to Dusting ' The principal objections to the * dostrng methods, as recommend >. ed by those in charge of the wec control 'work last spring, are: ' 1.' It does not advocate pois ? oning of the weevils until they have had an opportunity^to reinfest the fields by puncturing the first ap pearing 'Squares, 2. It requires that the poison ? be applied under certain condi tions of mpisture and absence of wind, which conditions are not usually present except at night and - are not present every night. 3. More or less expensive- ma chinery is necessary for its. appli cation. 4. The government recipe re quires the application of large quan tities of calcium arsenate various ly estimated at 20 to 40 pounds ? < and under certain conditions much more) per acre. It is esti mated that the available supply of calcium arsenate present and ? prospective will treat not more than 10 per cent, of the cotton acreage.' 5. The expense and difficulty of the goi-ernment method put it completely out of reach of the av erage cotton producer. ? It- seems perfectly evident that * if .%n<t when the bureau of ento inclogV succeeds in convincing any fcargc proportion of the cotton rais ers that their method of control is ? necessary to successful cotton rais ivg under boil weevil conditions, an immediate scramble for the avail able supply of calcium arsenate v 211'occur, the price wih be lifted s/.y high,'riot another"acre will or Ci-n be treated by their method than was treated the past year. " brJy a comparatively few of the more able planters can secure their share of the material and the whole cotton industry will be -worse off than it now is, just to the extent of the advance in price of calcium arsenate. Ocium Arsenale Supply The above will not be true if an unlimited supply of calcium arse nate were available, but as the en *tire available supply was exhaust ed this year and as there is no ? likelihood of a great increase in production, the above statements *ure evidently true. It has for some months, there fore, seemed to me absolutely nec essary that some cheap and simple method of' weevil control be de vised. Some form of the calcium ?arsenate and molasses method, I believe, offers this remedy. I have read the Florida bulletin No. 163 referred to in your editor ?ial and think it recounts one of the most constructive pieces of experi mental work ever done. Mr. Smith is a careful experimenter of repute and he has gotten hold of and demonstrated an idea which 'will almost certainly be of great Ijcnefit to the cotton producer. I do not think, however, that Mr. Smith's exi>erimcnts (or any one 'else's for that matter) are the last word in weevil control. The final ly accepted idea on control will probably embody some of the fea tures of most of the methods now employed. Experiments which we have con ducted here seem to show that Mr. Smith could probably have gotten as good results with the use of far less calcium arsenate per acre in Ihe single application which he made! i hope that next year he will apply after square picking a mixture of calcium arsenate* mo lasses and : water, containing "not more than one-half pound of cal cium arsenate per acre. Our re sults and those of ' many other farmers in state show that over wintered, weevils can be killed out oh the young cotton by such an application! Other experiments [ which we nave carried on this.year seem to show that very minute amounts of caicium arsenate?as little as one ounce or two ounces per acre-in a mixture of molasses ; ami "water may effect. a high de gree of weevil control. We must do further experimenting, how lever, before making this assertion, ' Mr. Smith would, I think, also have [gotten better results if . he had fol lowed. Iiis, .first application with ! other applications, of calcium arse [nate. molasses and water after the ! cotton,, began to-, show, weevil dani fage.. /.' j Arsenate With Molasses You say that you have heard lit - I tie of the* results * of the calcium [arsenate molasses treatment!.' -This [is quite, natural as there has ; been no organized propaganda in its favor while the Southern Fer-. tilizer association; the Southern experiment stations and the bureau of entomology have all seen. to it that the successes with" the dusting method have been widely and con stantly advertised.' There is a gentleman in Georgia .who has for ,years operated a' ' small but successful agricultural paper. His success has been large ly due to the fact thaft he spends a great "deal of his time traveling! ? observing :'the methods of good j farmers and reporting their re ; suits. ' He is openminded, ; wri I prejudiced and has "done ' much I good in disseminating sound, agri 1 cultural practice as he has observ [ed it on the farm. He has re {cently been studying the subject I of boll weevil control in South Carolina and Georgia. Allow me to quote from his editorial in the Southern Cultivator of. December feaK ''s'': " ' . ... \ ' ' t . "On our recent trip through the state of South Carolina, going from Anderson county down through to Orangeburg, the chief topic of in terest among the farmers was the best method of boll weevil control by the use of calcium arsenate. We were Siyen many instances of ex periments made with .both the dust ing method and the/application of the liquid form. We talked with several who have given most of their,time this year to this subject. We did not find one who* tried the arsenate. syrup and water mixture that was not well pleased with the results obtained. Mr. Turner of Denmark put 40 weevils, on stalkf sprayed with this mixture and in four hours* time every weevil was dead. Naturally he will adopt this method exclusively on his farm for ;1923. We, were also told of an j experiment made by a farmer * in Greenwood county. He took ejght I acres of land and divided it into [ three equal tracts. On the first he used'no poison; on No. 2 he ap plied the dust according to gov ernment instructions; on No.JJ he used the arsenate, syrup and wa j ter. On No. 2 he gathered twice I the yield of cotton as made on No. 1, while on No. 3 he gathered twice as much cotton as was obtained tfrom No. 2. Now. v.e have no axe to grind in advocating the arsenate [and syrup mixture. Neither have v.e one iota of hostility to the gov j eminent dusting, method. But we ;aie simply giving our readers the tacts as we find them, .from the actual tests made by the practical farmers, themselves. We know this much: many of these tests are made by as high class farmers as Georgia and South Carolina con tain." His statement that he "did not find oiMia who tried the arsenate, <yrup and water mixture that was not well pleased with the results obtained"' is completely borne out '?y my. own experience, for I have I yet to be told by one farmer who gave it a fair trial that he does not think he got profitable results and at a cost which was usually far less, than that of the dusting method. IUu&ra.tive Cases Cited I refer you to your issue of July I ior the experience of J. S. Ed munds of Ridgeway. during the years 1921 and 1922; also to your issje of October 30 for the ex perience of W. N. Henderson of ! Epworth (Greenwood county).. I have letters or statements in my files from G. M. Norris of Vance (Orangeburg county): J. T. Kaminer. Lexington, Route 2; j Dr. W. C. Brown, Newberry: H. E. i Martin. Athens. Ca.; James A. j Gilliam, W. A. Calvert. W. W. A. |~al\ert. Jr.. and Toland H. Wat son of Abbeville county: James W. Goodson of HartsviHe: F. G. Hol lis of Bcnncttsville: A. G. Wise of Prosperity: C. B. Hay of Sumter; L. D; Hill of Cough, Ga.; L J. i Hames of Lnibri and B. T. Boat j wright of Johnston. I am also privileged to report on the con spicuous success obtained by W. A. Stuckey and G. M. Stuckey of Lee I county ancl also refer to the pub ! llshed report of the success of Dr. j W. B. Taylor of Dexter. Ga. (see j issue of Southern Cultivator of j July 15, 1^22). I B. T. Boat wright says: "Csed j four applications mixed according j to your instructions. Last appli | cation about July 20. Cost about ISl.no per acre. Applied some at ' I o'clock, and at "? o'clock found dead weevils under stalks, believe 95 per cent, killed with first appli cation. Used 400 pounds 8-3-3 fertilizer, had very wet summer, made 240 bales on 265 acres." L. J. Hames of Union writes as follows: "Under your directions we tried the molasses and calcium ai'schate poison for boll weevils. It has certainly [ done the work. The writer was over a portion of the farm where this mixture had been used and could see no sign of any boll weevils or any punc tured squares. ? We ran out of the poison and where it has not been used 50 per cent, of the squares '41 ^ .punctured." * I could quote many other state- 1 ments of like tenor but the above are representative of the experi ences of practically all the farmers who have tried the molasses mix*-1 ture this or last year. '. j Many different mixtures of cal- j cium arsenate* molasses and water j were used all apparently with' similar success. This shows that; the method has not been perfected j and suggests that comprehensive j I experiments are badly needed to j I reveal the minimum e ff e ct i v e l amounts of calcium arsenate and I molasses in the mixture and the j correct number of and intervals! between the applications. \ We tested here, this year many! j dif'crept mixtures of calcium arse-| nate, m.6lasses and water and, many | [methods of application. All were j j successful to a" greater or less de- \ igree. The rainfall of this.section i was abnormally frequent, and ab- j I normally heavy from May 14 -to J [August 20. On our best drained Isoil we made from 75 per cent, to 100 . per cent, of an average crop. ; On' lands less, well drained we I made from 40 per cent, to 60 perj 'cent. Our total average yields were! fully two-thirds of a normal crop. J j On most of our crops we used six ? j or seven treatments beginning, June 12 (w-hich was at least one.j j week too late for best results) and j ! ending August 4 which we now j think was too early to quit.) We j treated several fields on August 21 "j with spray pump and secured ex- i cellent results. I have before mej a report of the operations -on one j 14 acre field treated six times from j iJtme 13 to August 4 at a cost of! $2.53 for materials. $1.51 for :1a-[ bor; total cost $4.04 per acre: 8* 3-4 pounds of calcium arsenate and; six gallons of molasses per acre] being used. Twelve bales weigh-j fng 6,175 pounds were produced, i Drawing Conclusions Our experience and that of many] other farmers all over South Caro- j i lina and Georgia point definitely to i the following conclusions: First: . A mixture of about one j pound of calcium arsenate, one! gallon of water and one gallon of} molasses applied at the rate of j about one gallon per acre to the i young cotton just before the j squares begin to form will destroy} practically all of the old weevils] on the cotton. . .' Second: Further applications ex-J tending to the end of the period of! emergence will destroy nearly all j of th*e. later emerging weevils. Third: This will protect the cot-. \ ton crop from serious rrifestation! j until around August 1. and will al-j j low a fair crop to be made with jout further treatment. The total [cost of the abo^e treatment will not exceed $1.50 for materials and [the labor cost, which is usually borne by the tenant, will run be jtween 15 cents-and 40 cents per I acre per application. Our own experience has convinc ed us that applications should be begun again in late July"or early! August when further infestation j from neighboring fields begins and i should be continued at least until the bolls begin to open. j The present supply ~of calcium? arsenate would, I believe, be. suf-! ficient to afford excellent weevil; control on every acre of cotton in! the United States if mixed with} molasses and water and applied in j two to four applications, the first j to be made just before the squares! begin to form and the last at about] the end of the emerging' .period. I The overwhelming problem of; weevil control during the coming year is th*e calcium arsenate sup ply. It seeins a great pity to'me; to allow 5 per cent, or 10 per cent., jof the best-bit land owners in the! isouth to monopolize the supply! 'while the,other 90 per cent or '95 ! !per cent, of the acreage is being' } ruined, whereas at least two meth jods of control are in existence (the i Florida plan and the calcium ar i senate-molasses plan), by the use^ !of either of which the pest can be. I controlled on 50 per cent, or more; of the' acreage. I trust that very many of the in- j telligent farmers of the south will' during the coming year conduct ac- } j curate experiments on the Florida: jplan and the calcium arsenate-! I molasses plan, varying these ex-j j periments as to amounts and times I of application. In this way will j there be worked out the cheapest ;and most efficient method of con-, j trol. I should be glad to have ev- ; j cry farmer in South Carolina who; ? has tried any modification of the : calcium arseante-mplasses method j to write me his experience in ur jder that I may act as a clearing; { house for this information. You do me too much honor in j saying. "I would succeed in the Red | j Desert." The agricultural prac- ! itices which we use on our farms' are ("with the exception of methods j of weevil control) mainly those j which are recommended by the j state and national agricultural a ti _-' jthorities. There is nothing myster- ! iiods a'bout our farm methods as [will be realized by any intelligent; farmer who will take the trouble to come here and observe them. \ David R, Coker. Harts vi He. ? ? x On*- Atlantic steamer in a fog, had to blow her whistle 3000 miles ' and with nothing to wet her whis-J Correct this sentence:: "I am j really very fond of new babies." said the old bachelor, "and I should Jike to hold it if I may." : Beauties in .... When ^^tja^b^t^KS^ti^ Jury wiH have 4ocdedde who is.. Hyatt (right) of New York has filet othy Knapp and^e j^romoj^rs; of Madison Square Garden. Miss Hy tio? of Miss Knapp as America's "v PRISON NO ? PLAY HOUSE Goluriibia IVfan' Gives His Views of State's Prison To the Editor of The State: Do we want a well disciplined penitentiary or a community ser vice building to entertain' crimi nals?. % The public has seen the report of the state board of public welfare as appeared in The State Wednesday morning, November ,20. And after it is all sifted or boiled down it. appears to be nothing more or- less than an attack on Captain Rob erts, the present captain of the guards, whom the board of direc tors of the penitentiary will tell you is as considerate and humane a. man as you could find, and'as any one could possibly be and at the same time maintain discipline as it should be at the state pen itentiary where at present they have the worst bunch of criminals and crooks they have had in the history of the penitentiary, and it takes a man who knows what dis cipline is and how?to maintain it. to handle them. That Captain Roberts' discipline at the penitentiary is based large ly upon his personal likes and dis likes, as stated in this report. ;s unfounded, so I am reliably inform ed, arid has emanated from some of the criminals that were inter rogated by the, board and we know how much regard for truth these criminals have. . Captain Roberts was not questioned as why such and such a person was punished, nor were any cases in vestigated, but from, what I can leant simply a bunch of prisoners questioned with reference to. pun ishments they may have received. The incident of man handcuffed to the bars of cell, I am reliably in formed, was handcuffed this way in periods of four hours, and not made to sleep that'Vay. Any one interested, please investigate why it was done, and you will find out that the case had to be handled as it was. As for rules, there is no need of any printed rules for convicts at a penitentiary, jail, chaingang or anywhere else, only one rule needed, do what you are told to do arid be quick about it. It is true some prisoners have been whipped. Have you ever received at home or at school a mercirul whipping, or ever heard of any one receiving one? Any one who likes to see iustice done, and at the same time have a prisoner handled as. he should be. not as you should handle a bad Sunday school boy, would be well satisfied with the explanation given as to why whppings were ad ministered. .Vow as to riot that happened at the penitentiary. Has anything been said about what brought this on or what caused it? Was it be cause of the food or was it because Of ill treatment'.' Xo. it was neither of these. Here are some of the things that led up io :\ and I wish all of the public knew it. When Captain Roberts took charge about 13 months ago. he found that from SO to 50 convicts had leave of absence from the pen itentiary every night and were to be seen on the streets of Columbia more than a Citadei cadet would be given oi- seen the streets of "har leston in a month. He stopped this. He searched their ( Pils, after hav ing in ov?>c 100 cases to break a private lock the prisoner had on his cell, to keep it from being searched in the day time.while he was out. and took away the ?-itJ x.en's clothes each one had and also gathered up a larse quantity of murderous looking knives and dag gers made out of old files, bludgeons nod most every kind of a murder ous looking implement you can find. He has the collection, you can see i comes the tug-aMaw. A New Torfe America's Venus because Miss Ann I' suit for $100,000 against Miss Dor the recent Physical Culture Show in att charges conspiracy in the eeleo "culls, - jit, go and loolw don't take any one's (word for it. "When he did all these things he of course deprived them [of their "personal rights," etc. j This led up to the riot and but ifo-r the cool determination of a handful of men. Columbia would have been full of a lot of murder-j exs.;.thieves and burglars and "we! ? fwJ?f? have had a lot of dead and j wounded guards, who* were not men j enough to do a man's job. The only j d'eplorable thing about this inci f dent' was that every shot fired did hot kill one of the murderous ring leaders. " Now as to exercise, etc. A Cler Jthey get supper there is not time for jflny exercising. Any one that knows anything. TenoWs that prisoners must j be rocked up before dark, and while j ? I have \not been confined in a Celli for any length .of time, I suffer a good deal with indigestion and I1 ? believe have plenty of company. ' '? Some of the criticism made is; [ just, but a large part of it is not' I founded on facts. For instance, j the" wonieri's quarters are in bet- ' , ter .shape'than they have been for; the- last' 30 years. The main pris- ' ion building is about 50 years be-{ : hind' the times. The management j cannot help this. The inmates are !fed better now than at any time ,!in the history of the institution. The. ^management cannot help this. The | ? managements is willing and anxi ous to feed better but no money is ; available for that purpose. i I ohb* wish I could master thei j English language in such a way j ; that I could arrest the attention of j j every citizen of South Carolina and j ; would make him sit up and see ? that the only way to protect the ! . public Oi this dear old common- j j wealth is to have a penitentiary j ; and such men in charge of it as j j will treat a criminal who has been \ ? legally convicted, as a convict, and ' not .in such a way as though you I considered him a poor unfortunate! persecuted sinner. When you read in the papers of prisoners being! ! forced to wear stripes you do not' have to take a sea trip t^o become J i nauseated. What do you expect j i them to be forced to wear? Dress, i siuts of tuxedos? What I have to say above, wheth- j ed it is good, bad or indifferent, is J said in the interest of the public of ; .this state, in whom I am far morel ? concerned than I am in a bunch of j 'criminals in the penitentiary.' Christopher Atkinson. \ Columbia. Why Not Sell Cream This Winter? I ?- i i Clemson College. Dec. 7.?But- j i ter of 92 score sold on the Chi- j (cago market November 25 . for 53 j jcen.ts per pound. The creameries; in South Carolina are paying for, '. roam on approximately this basis, j I yet not many of them are getting! j enough cream to pay overhead ex penses. \ If you have 3 to 10 cows why. : not sell cream to one of these I plants? asks J. P. l.aMaster. chiefi ! of the Dairy Division! who say* j that you can dp so without ex-j [pending much money to start. Ten average cows producing two gal lons of milk each per day will re turn you a cream check of $100 lo ?120 per month at present j prices. Butter is not likely to go much lower in price before grass comes next spring. Then of course you can produce it cheaper and the profits will range in about the saine proportions. A regular cream check each month will fortify you ami your family against the losses! ?Ine to the ravages of the boll wee-j vil. ! VYhen you realize that South Carolina needs 240,?Kit? more milk j cows before it can furnish the dairy; products heeded i>y the rural pop ulation, it is evident that cream production for butter-making can noi bo overdone for many, many years, even if every farm in the; state produces a surplus. TO AVERT BREAK Views of Bonar Law and Poincare as to Reparations and Oc cupation of Ruhr So Conflicting* That the London Conference Takes a Recess London, Dec. 11.?The premiers' conference has virtually decided to adjourn tonight for eight days to avert;an open break between Eng land and France over German rep arations, it was learned today. The British rejected forcible measures for Ruhr district upon which Premier Poincare insisted. Premier Bonar Law. informed M. Poincare that British public opin ion is opposed to military measures against Germany.. M. Poincare had demanded occupation of the Ruhr , region as a guarantee for. a German moratorium. London, Dec. "IL?-A statement in authoritative. American quarters says the chief hope of bringing the French and- British together during the period before the con ference adjourned lies with the Vnited States. , This authority said England would probably ask Amer ica if. she is willing to. cancel the French debt to. the' United States provided England cancels the debt France owes her and enters a defi nite agreement with the American government for the ultimate pay ment of the British, debt to -Amer ica. The suggestion was informal ly laid "before certain important Americans now here and probab ly win be presented to Secretary Hughes within the week. The Brit ish are said to favor cancellation of the Freeh debt to her if the United States \ also cancels the French debt. Stern Campaign On Boll Weevil Prices of Calcium Arsenate and Supply Engaging At tention of Government Washington, Dec. 9.?Xext sea son's campaign against the boll weevii promises to be on a larger scale than in any season hereto fore. Plans of the department of agriculture as outlined by its cotton council, are being widely developed. Among the methods for control of ?the boll weevil which will be used next season is that recently an nounced by the Florida state plant board which the cotton council has recommended be given a thorough trial throughout the cotton belt. The present price of calcium arsenate is engaging the attention of the government, an attempt will be made to increase the supply for next season's fight on the boll weevil. A meeting for this purpose will be held in New York next Wednes day. It will be attended .by gov ernment experts, including Dr. J. K; Haywood. chairman of the in secticide and'fugicide board of the department of agriculture, and other officials of that dpeart ment: C. R. Delong, formerly of the chemical division of the depart ment of commece and now head of the dye and chemical division of the tarifi ^commission, and by offi-r cials of the departments of inter ior and commerce. The meeting will be held after a two day ses sion of insecticide manufacturers and a large number of experts in the industry .will attend the cal cium arsenate conference. The main topics for discussion at the conference will be the amount of white arsenate available for the manufacture of calcium arsenate and whether by any means the pro duction of this essential in fight ing the boll weevil can be stim ulated and enlarged. v PRESIDENT JOHNSON ASSAILS CAPITAL AT CLEVELAND MEETING Cleveland, Dec. 11.?Farmers and laborers have discovered their joint power through the primaries and there's now hope that the po litical and industrial future is safer than ever, William H. John son, international president of the machinists' union told the opening! conference for political election to day over which he is presiding here. He declared the wrath of the people was let loose on "captains of industry, free hooters, profiteers, j plunderers and political puppets. ? the cause of discrediting the Hard- ! ing administration" at election Xo- j vombe* 7th. If everything got lost as easily as! a good pipe everything would stay lost most of the time. It is estimated cigarets have burned one billion holes in shirts. Abb? Ades was robbed in Brook lyn. Taking them in alphabetical order. Ministers telling about fire and brimstone will not do much good, until coal prices go down. TV-ason so many are calling forj beers and wines is prohibition j ii..;..??.-? it narder to get a drink. I They threaten to broadcast grand opera in German but this threat won't make us cancel the debt. A four!'lusher is a man who is always shown up at a showdown, j HAND WORK ? ?Y MARJORIE If you are so fortunate as to be j able to do the beautiful Italian cut! work, your Christmas gifts of that, embroidery on linen are going toi be very much appreciated. That, is a safe prophecy. The severity of the design and its richness have! made this work exceedingly popu lar. There are many good designs to be found. One set has a square j centerpiece with its stiff design j covering all of it and matching doilies (squares) carry a smaller j version of the chief motif in one corner. There are two sizes of the smaller pieces, one set ten inches across and the other six inches. For the rectory table comes an oblong runner with an exceedingly handsome design at each corner and again in the-"center of either border. Twelve mats accompany this. set. . each embroidered to} match the runner at every corner.* Hand Hemstitching Always Pop- j nla'r Hand hemstitching will always t be popular in iinens. One never' grows tired of it. A tea cloth may, be oblong or square, and be pat- j terned with a plain checkerboard ' of this type of handwork. The! Ihems of the napkins as well as j ihei center of the tea cloth are worked in the same way. Scotch linen crash makes a more informal set for the table with its colored embroidery. The color is introduced by pulling threads of the linen and running a colored thread in the place thereof. With mats and napkins in a simple square pattern this set is unusu ally, attractive. Even if one were possessed of only .a moderate | amount of skill, -one could attempt this work and make, successful-, ly a good luncheon set. Besides linens, for the table ser-! vice, both muslins and chambrays are used, and ginghams come in daintily used for trimming. What could be more attractive than .an unbleached muslin break fast set with a fat coffee pot of (gingham adorning the square cenrj terpiece? AH the steaming cups (of the. sau\e material) appear on . the: napkins. . ? Varied Table Pieces Acceptable j Another set that would appeal to any one's sense of-color has a flower basket of black cross-stitch, out , of which tumble flowers plucked from a bit of . chintz. Still another set has an octagonal ap pearance for the corners are neatly clipped and the hems are all but ton -holed-with.blue.. A blue squat teapot in cross-stitch flanked eith Education Week Meeting. Editor Daily Item: The following are some impres sions made upon an ex-teacher of six years' experience in teaching in the public schools of North and South Carolina. The meeting as a whole was a grand success and was an inspira tion to all those present. The wonder of it, and the wonder grewj ? that so many old exploded forms j j and "means of teaching" the young i jwere hashed and rehashed in the I meeting. The most prominent j speaker of the occasion, a visitor j here for the conference, was Dr. > A. P. Bourland. extension director from Winthrop College. Dr. Bour land used in his talk many new } names for many fruitless, theoreti-j cai methods used in the past. Such terms as "association centers" and "arrestive powers" are not plain enough. These terms are succes sors of such terms as "motifiza-* tion'' and the like, used some years ? ago, and are, high sounding*, intel-i ilectual sounding terms, but are too much so. This same method and , style of discussion was used six,' years ago when the writer was a teacher in the public schools of this state. The schools of this or any other state have never been built up on generalities, theories and tangents, and until some common sense and | practical methods are applied the schools must needs mark time. j tVhat the schools of this county, and this state need most is less phiiosopy and more teaching of j the common-sense, practical courses such as ? are -suited to the needs j in the lives of the pupils and thel locality in which these pupils mean! to live. The need/ is a closer and i more intense study of the needs j and. natural abilities of the pupils and a development of these nat- i ural abilities to meet these needs. ] While the "psychology of the hu man race" is being studied and fathomed the practical, common sense teaching due the pupil, is being neglected. It is a known fact that there is nowhere to be found so much; "lost motion" as is found in the j teaching profession. There are j exceptions, but they only prove the | rule. This could be eliminated by! more system, longer tenure of of-j flee, by teachers and better teach- ; ers. Until these things, are cor-! rectcd progress in the schools will be slow- Trustees should be more I careful in the selection of their I teachers and these teachers should i be employed for not less than three; years. There are some public: schools.? in the state that have a different teacher every year, be cause the trustees do not wish the teacher to; return and the teacher j would not return if invited to do: so, in many cases. Until this can be remedied the school will always be in a state of confusion, brought r about by the lack of understanding, of the pupils and their needs on; the part of the teacher, and a lack of understanding of the teacher and I her methods by the pupils. Noj school can be systematized proper ly in one year, no matter how small the school may be. Then: What we need most is less phii osopy and less psychology and] more intense study on the part of j N LINEN GIFTS HOWE BIXON er side by a cup and saucer, makes an appropriate design for the runner. Each napkin rejoices in clipped corners with a tiny flower in its buttonhole, if a na^gr kin may be said to have one. Besides breakfast sets, ajid luncheon sets, one may.make very acceptable gifts of towels. .There are large ones and . small ones, guest .towels, anji bath, towelsj. with face cloths to match. . ... IMonagrams Add to Towels Colored bath towels are offered n a perfectly bewildering assortr nient, and often with an acc?m paying sf?ce cloth. The needle woman adds to the towel, a large handsome monogram in black. or in a matching color, and then-'how pleased, is the recipient! "Well if she isn't, she .ought to be, and pur ple makes a pleasant contrast with blue, if that's the color, her bath room wears for. decoration. Guest towels as a gift are as welcome, as handkerchiefs, for one can never have too many.A monogram is ever the most popular ^decoration. Qf plain linen .of exquisite qua?^ty comes a large towel with a square monogram hemstitched to match the hemstitched hem.. Then color will not be denied these days even in the linen tow els,?and interesting among them are the new linen crash towels with wide hemis of colored linen, hemstitched, on. Here again is" an attractive gift easily made. Pfettn,. linen is also interesting comblnetir with narrow filet lace at the hem, and then, not to be content with that decoration, it further adds 'a deep 7) twisted fringe of linen threads. "Both the colored hem towels anil the fringed ones come in the natural linen color. ; Linen for Every Service Card ta ble sets make appropriate gifts to one's friends who 'eiij?y bridge. Mosaic embroidery; has been effectively applied. And speaking of mosaic work", -there are the most fascinating ovals -m this style cf embroidery, the funny stiff designs sometimes congested df figures and then again of butter flies and' fiowers. Perhaps- there * is nothing more enjoyable to the natural feminine heart than a chest of beautiful linens, linens appropriate for!;oftft?c nary service, lor special occasion, for.a.pard. party or a dainty" teJL Since the days when, a wee '.g$pl started her chest for her weeding; women have always enjoyed' tfie :possession of fine linen. S?Hb?*s^te your gift of that sort will-be ap ; predated. _. *" r ~ ? . - - ? : ;the teacher to .learn the needs, at rthe pupils and try to train the .nafc jural abilities of the pupils so thq(t [they may be able to satisfy these ? needs. " . The discussion by Mr. - H. G. Osteen on. compulsory attendance was good. Especially did fce "bit the nail on the head", when he--said that "if we spend our money..Xo educate the young, we will not la ter .have to maintain schools tp educate the adult - i?ierate." . The discussion by Dr. H. A. ifood on the ''physical welfare of the child'" was. practical and sug gestive. He made many good sug gestions that should be. carried cut . in every school. ? . ? ?. Mr. E. W. Dabbs, 'Jr., spoke.??h the ?'Consolidation, of schools" and ??Transportation." His discussion was pract icalr and what he sa$ would be "good advice" if taken;' . Dr. S. H. Edmunds, who presid ed at the meeting spoke Last on the "Teacher." His remarks were filled with true statements, and the quality of the teaching staff of the Sumter city schools gives at test to the practical and wise se* lections Dr. Edmunds has made. W. E. Moore.^ 3Irs. Scott Gives Bridge Party, Mrs. Leon Scott gave a bridge party on. Thursday afternoon cdnxr plimenting Mrs. Wm. J. CrowaoR, Jr. Ten lables were, arranged for the players, the. score prtee, silk hose, going to Mrs. Ben Hodges, the consolation, a "' vanity case, fell-to Mrs. Janie . Benton and to the guest of honor was given a. corsage bouquet of roses.. At the close of the ganzes .-.a salad course with coffee was serv ed by the hostess assisted by Mrs. C. ll Stuhbs, Mrs. C. B. Yeadon and Mrs. W. J. Crowson. : ? Among those present were Mrs. Thompson, of Marion: Mes&ames W. J. Crowson,. Jr., Fraser -Dick. C. S. Anderson, Warren Burgess; William Reynolds. Edw. Martin; W. O. Courtright, Edwin .-Boyle Phillip"GaJIard. .O. H. Folley/Wllv son Green, Bruce Lynam. Roberts^ Flaum, Frank McLeod. Murray, R. C, Richardson. Tom Siddall. Perrj Moses. Jr., Stubbs, C. D." Mx> Knight. RUey Bradham, C. B. Yeadon, Ben Hodges. Janie Ben ton. Stewart Mason, Dougias Plowden, Bob McLcod, Arthur Harby. J. H. Morse. Hal Harby. Mitchell Levi. W. H." Ingram. Wendell Levi. Miss Caroline Rich ardson, Miss Jennie McLeod, Miss Tiny Mitchell. Miss Jennie Walsh and Miss Clara Jordan. Christmsts story: "Mama, there is a wagon in a window just like what I wish old Santa would bring." They are working on a heatless fire for lights and many furnace tirers are suspected of using it. ? ? m In an effort to get to the bottom of things a party has sailed to measure the deepest part of the ocean. Fire destroyed a furniture plant in Bethlehem, Pa? and all we hope is it burned some folding beds. In just a few more weeks this year will be last year.