the sumter watchman, Est j
. CONSOLroATED AUG. 2,1
. JEFFORDS AND~
HARRISON
MUST DIE
* Supreme Court Sus
tains Lowe* Court
- and Murderers of
Arnette Will Be
Electrocuted
Colombia, Nov. 2.?The appeals
of Frank M. Jeffords and Ira Har
" rison, convicted here May 20, this
year, of the murder of John C.
Arnette, a co-partner with Jef
fords in the operation of a filling (
:> station, and sentenced to death by
electrocution, were dismissed by the i
state supreme court this afternoon!
and the judgment of the lower;
court was affirmed. The two opin
ions were written by Associate Jus
tice T. B. Eraser, and concurred
in by the other members of the
court. Jesse Treece, who was tried
along with Jeffords and Harrison
for the murder, was given life im
prisonment and did not appeal.
The appeals were based on three
~ grounds,"all of which were over
ruled by the court.
First: There should have been a
. severance of the cases.
Second: That Judge w. H. Town
send, the presiding judge, erred in
charging implied malice when no
considerable legal provocation ap
, peared, J
Third: That the judge was ini
> error in charging conspiracy when
there was no conspiracy set outj
I in the indictment. In the Jeffords i
appeal, there was error charged in j
the admission of the confession ofi
Harrison, implicating Jeffords,
which the court likewise overruled, j
Jeffords, Harrison and Treece
were accused'of conspiring against
* and beating to death Arnett in the
filling station- here on corner of
Elmwood avenue and Main street
during the night of May 9, and then |
>? loading the dead body into, an au
tomobile, turning the car . loose
down a steep declivity at Colonial
Heights, a local suburb, so that Ar
nette would appear to have been
killed in an automobile accidents
Arnette, it was shown at the,trial,
' which began here^l^ay^^TfJ, was
struck over the head and killed by
a stick and piece of iron in the
hands of Jeffords . and Harrison,
> while Treece remained on watch
on the outside of the filling sta
tion.
The next term of the court of
general sessions will convene here
* November 29, and it is probable that
Jeffords and Harrison will be re-,
sentenced to death then. Solicitor
A. F. Spigner could not be com
* municated with-tonight to deter
mine what- his disposition in the
case would be.
In the opinion of the Jeffords
ease, Justice Fraser recites a short
history of the case, tells of the
detailed confessions of> Harrison
* and Treece vas brought out at the
coroner's investigation and the re-,
fus?l of Judge Townsend to
acquiesce in the plea of Jeffords
? for a severance of the cases, made
twice during the t*Hal.
Relative to the contention that
^the case should have been severed,
the opinion holds:
"It is unnecessary to cite authori
ties as the appellant admits that
* the motion was addressed to the
discretion of the presiding judge.
No abuse of discretion has been
shown. Not only was no abuse of
* discretion shown, but the records
show that the appellant also con
fessed, not in detail, but in general
terms, when he said: 'I XpdV. part
in the killing or participated in
the killing, but was over per
suaded.' This assigment of error
cannot be sustained.
"Objection was made to that part
> of the testimony which recited
that a detective asked Harrison to i
tell the others implicated so they
could be apprehended before they
j escaped, and Harrison replied: 'All
right, send and ^rf Mr. Jeffords.'
"This statement," said the opin
ion, "did not necessarily charge
Jeffords with participation in the
killing. Jeffords was the partner
of Arnette, and most likely to
know of the surroundings, and the
person who should have been most
interested in the punishment of
those engaged in the killing. The
assignment of error cannot be sus
t- tained."
"The assignment of error in that
the confessions of Harrison and
Treece should not have been ad
mitted, was dismissed by the court
with the statement that the charge
of the presiding judge/to the ef
fect that the confession could ap
ply only to those uttering it and
not the others cautioning the jury
to this effect, was a correct rule
of law.
In dismissing the last assign
ment of error, in which Judge
Townsend charged conspiracy, the
court Quoted copiously from the
State vs. Jenkins 14 Rich. Law 225
to 227, in which these sentences
appear:
"All who are present concurring
in a murder are principals therein,
and the death, and the act which
caused it. is in law the act of each
and of all. There is no distinction
in regard of the law in .the degrees
of their guilt, or the measures of
their punishment, or the nature of
their offense, founded upon the
nearness or the remoteness of their
personal agency respectively. An
indictment charging it as the act
tbltehed April, 1850.
.881._
jGOARDS WERE
READY FOR
TRAIN BANDITS
? i ? ? ? ?
Leader of Band of
Robbers Killed by;
Guards Near Mem-j
phis
Memphis, Nov. 3:-?Jack Ken
nedy, an exrconvict and an uniden
tified bandit, were killed today
in an attempt to hold up and rob
the mail and express car of the
fast St. Louis, Memphis and Frisco
train hear here. It is reported that
there were six men in the gang.
Postoffice^* inspectors learned si?
days ago of the plot and the train
carried extra guards.
Eleven officers who were hidden
near the scene of the robbery kill
ed the pair when they refused to
.halt while escaping. A hundred
of the registered letters stolen were i
recovered.
CHARLESTON
AMERICAN SOLD
Oklahoma -and Florida Pub
lishers Take. Over Charles
ton Newspaper
Charleston, Nov. 2.?Negotia
tions that have been pending be
tween John H. Perry of New - York
City and Richard Lloyd Jones of
Tulsa, Okla, newspaper owners,
and the Charleston American of
this, city, were consummated to
day, whereby on the first of De
cember, Messrs. Perry and Jones
acquire the controlling owner
ship of the Charleston American
and will take active charge of the
paper.
Mayor John P. Grace of Char
leston will be business manager
and the present staff organization
of The American will continue, Mr.
Perry announced today.
.- ? The policy of the paper will be
progressive Democratic and it will
cooperate with the other Charleston
newspapers and the progressive
newspapers of the state for all that
will build up Charleston as a great.,
port city and promote the indus
try, the agricultural and the
economic welfare -of South Caro
lina; Mr. Perry further stated.
Mr. Perry and Mr. Jones own the
Tulsa Tribune, the Jacksonville
Journal and the Pensacola Jour
nal. Mr. Perry is also president
of the American Press association,
and of the Publishers' Auto Cas-j
ter service, which furnishes a com- j
plete news feature, editorial and I
advertising service to 7,500 daily
and - weekly newspapers through
out America.
FILIPINOS
ASK FOR NAVY
Philippines Petition United
States to Give Both Inde
pendence and Warships
-Manila, . Nov. 3.?Warships to
defend the coasts of the Philip
pines is asked in resolutions in
troduced in the house of represen
tatives petitioning . the United
States congress to authorize the
construction of the vessels. -
of a particular individual of the
party will be well sustained by evi
dence that any one of these gave
the fatal stroke, or that it was
given by some one of them, though
it does not appear by which."
"The defendants," held Justice
Fraser, "were charged with mur
der. The charge as to conspiracy
simply stated the law as to the
liability of one for the acts of the
others, if the act was done by mu
tual agreement or conspiracy."
"The judgment,'/ concludes both
opinions, "is affirmed and the ap
peal dismissed, and the case is re
manded to the court of general ses
sions for Richland county for the
purpose of fixing a new date for
[carrying into effect the sentence of
Ithe court."
In the opinion dismissing the
appeal of Harrison Justice Fraser
j uses the same reasoning assign
I merit of error for refusing sever
| ance and charging conspiracy as in
|the Jeffords opinion, and in refus
ing to sustain the plea of error in
Judge Townsend's charge on ex
press or implied malice, the fol
lowing language is used:
"His Honor charged the jury as
to expressed and implied malice
as follows:
"Malice is said to be expressed
when there is manifested a delib
erate intention unlawfully to take
away the life of a fellow creature?
a human being:.
" Tt is implied when no consid
erable legal provocation appears, or
when the circumstances alleging the
killing show an abandoned heart
and a malignant heart.'
"The error ssigned is to implied
malice. The statement is not the
usual form, but entirely harmless
here. When a man is beaten to
death with pieces of wood and a
bar of iron, in his own place of
business, by his partner and em
ployes, to whom he has been un
failingly kind, it was expressed
malice. There was not a scintilla
of testimony from which implied
malice could have been found. The
assignment of error cannot be sus
tained."
'Be Just and Fear 1
SUPREME COURT
TAKES DRASTIC
ACTION,
-?
Decision is Rendered
That Will Prevent
Unnecessary Delays
in the Execution of
Death Sentences
Columbia, Nov. 3?Granting a
new trial to Cliff Hawkins, of
Greenville, who,has.twice had sen
tence of death passed upon him
for the murder of William Morgan!
in 1920, the supreme court of
South Carolina today handed down
a decision making drastic changes
in the procedure to be followed in
view to preventing unnecessary de
lays in execution.
The order provides that, after f
the supreme court has once af- i
firmed a death sentence of the low- j
er courts, the defendant can not
obtain the benefit of a motion for
a new trial on the ground of af
ter discovered evidence, the only
course then open, except with the i
consent of ,the state supreme
court. If there be no sitting of
that court between the day of sen
tencing and the date set for the
electrocution, the defendant must
secure from the governor a tem
porary reprieve to give him oppor
tunity to present his case to the
court. The granting of the-reprieve
is optional with the chief execu
tive. Heretofore, circuit judges
have /granted a new trial on the
ground of additional evidence, af
ter the supreme court had sus
tained a sentence of death.
Hawkins was! first sentenced to
die on October. 1, 1920,'by the
court of general' sessions at Green
ville. His attorneys served notice
of an intent tc appeal, which ac
tion automatically stayed the exe
cution, The appeal was argued in
the fall of 1921 and was decided j
against Hawkins. He was resen
tenced to die April 7, 1922. His at
torneys then appeared before Cir- j
cuit Judge T. J. Mauldin and made]
a motion for a new trial, on the)
ground of newly discovered evi
dence. Judge Mauldin refused to j
grant the motion.'saying he was '
without jurisdiction, as the mo-j
tion was made in chambers, but
granted a. stay of execution. Haw
kins appealed from this order but
later abandoned the appeal, and
his attorneys. appeared before J
Judge Mauldin in open court.; and J
there renewed their motion for a(
new trial. This time, it was grant-1
ed. The State of South Carolina an-;
pealed from this decision, and it
was this appeal which was decid
ed today by the supreme court.
Now Doctrine.
Columbia, Nov. 3.?A new doc-j
trine of appeals on after discovered I
evidence in criminal cases was}
enunciated by the state supreme |
court today in affirming an order j
of Circuit Judge Mauldin granting
a new trial to Cliff Hawkins, con
victed at Greenville of murder and
sentenced to.be electrocuted.
The opinion ' was: written by
Judge Frank B. Gary, of the
Eighth Judicial Circuit and was
concurred in by four justices of
the supreme court and the circuit
judges sitting eh banc on Septem
ber 1, at which sitting the Haw
kins case was reviewed. Asso
ciates Justice R. C. Watts dissent
ing.
The opinion hoids that motions
for new trials on after discovered
evidence should be made to circuit
courts or judges when they have
not been deprived of jurisdiction
by appeals to the supreme court
through the handing down of a
remittitur by that tribunal; but
if the case is pending in the ap
pellate court, a motion should be i
made to it to suspend the appeal
so that the motion for a new trial
can be heard before the lower
court. The opinion likewise holds
that, if the supreme court has al
ready passed on the appeal, and
its judgment has been remanded
to the lower court, then an appeal
on after discovered evidence must
be heard before the supreme court
and if the cause Iis meritorious
that tribunal will take proper steps
to have the motion heard by the
circuit court.
I Should the date for an electro
cution already have been set. the
opinion holds, then an appeal to the
supreme court should be made in
sufficient time on the grounds of
after discovered evidence; buz, if
the time is limited, the governor
I can be requested to extend the
I date of the sentence, upon proper
I showing, and the appellate court;
will hear the motion anyway, and.:
should the appeal be refused, there !
will be no necessity of returning
to the lower court to set a new
date for electrocution.
The rule heretofore has been
j that, should the motion for a new
j trial be refused by the circuit
; judge, then an appeal would be
taken to the state supreme court
which must hear it. Should the cir
cuit court be affirmed in its judg
i merit and the appellant be sent
I back for re-sentence, he could
j then make another motion for a
? new trial, and again appeal from
j the refusal of the circuit judge,
i and continue this almost inter
minably, so much so that the dic
tum, '"a man with sufficient mon
ey to continue hiring lawyers, if
convicted of murder and sentenc
Jot?Ijet all the ends Thou Aims't a
Sumter, S. C, Wednesc
FAS
i
Russian Bureau i nj
Rome Raided b y
Band of Men
Paris, Nov. 4?A conflict be
tween the Fascisti and the Soviet
government is feared as the result j
of a raid' reported yesterday oh.1
the Rome bureau of the Russian J
commercial delegation. A band of j
raiders is said to have dragged an |
alien employe from the offices and i
shot him against a wall.
- i
New York, Nov. 3 (By the Asso-I
ciated Press)?The Facisii move
ment, "a modern form of banditry," |
will hold its power in Italy only'
a short time, in the belief of Jean
Longuet, famous Socialist leader of
France, who arrived today on the
Mauretania.
Longuet, a grandson of Karl j
Marx, will remain about two
months in the United States,, lec-j
turing and studying the America nj
Socialist movement and economic
conditions.
? ? ?
HEADS OF M
COLORED STATf
FAIR FIGHT
_ *
Bad Blood Between Editor
and Bishop Cause Quarrel
That Ends Meeting
Columbia, Nov. 4.?A meeting of
the executive body of the colored!
State Fair came to an abrupt- end
in Columbia Saturday morriing,
when C. G. Garrett. editor oft* a
negro newspaper,*The Light,.made
a nattaek on Rev. W. B. Chappehe,
bishop of the African, Methodist
church, bringing to a head a war
fare that has been waging between
The Light and the bishop, for years.
The altercation followed an argu
ment as to a bill for advertising of
the Fair, presented by Garrett. Ae
a result of the altercation, Garrett
was expelled. _ from- the board of
control of the colored fair by a
unanimous vote. Bishop Chappell
"repaired himself to an oculist and j
bought.-a new,pair of glasses to re-j
place those. ..broken in . the fray. I
Garrett was arrested/
BIG STOCK
DIVIDEND
Pittsburgh, Nov. 3.?Directors j
of the Union Natural Gas Company i
voted today to declare a stock di- j
vidend of 75 per cent in addition j
to the regular cash dividend, pro-!
vided the stockholders at a meet
ing on November 28 vote favorab- 1
ly upon a proposal to increase the;
capital stock from $10,000,000 - to I
$20,000.000. j
ed to death, need never to be exe- j
cuted," has almost become a legal
maxim in South Carolina. How
ever, the new doctrine laid down
by the court will prevent this.
The doctrine of appeals under
which the courts have been labor-,
ing, as laid down in the State vs. j
Lee, and interpreted in subsequent J
cases, "has led to a condition" in
the language of the opinion, j
?where convicted criminals may by|
successive motions and appeals j
block the process of the law in- j
definitely, and by their motions and
appeals prevent their executions."
This condition has been con-j
fronting the law enforcement de
par'trnent of the government for i
some time, so much so that in sev
eral notorious cases substantial jus
tice has been thwarted. When
Judge Mauldin granted a new trial
to Cliff Hawkins on the ground of
after-discovered evidence as to his
mental condition, the state, through j
the office of Sam M. Wolfe, At
torney General, appealed for the!
main purpose of having the case of!
State vs. Lee reviewed in an ef- j
fort to have the supreme court j
ascertain if a new doctrine on ap- j
peals could not be evolved.
The supreme court realized the j
gravity of the situation in a time
when crime is rampant, for, in the j
opinion, it uses these words: "Per
haps this tribunal was never call
ed upon to meet a greater respon
sibility than that which now con
fronts it: nor was it ever more
loudly called upon to use its ju
dicial powers Jn a proper M'ay to
avert a deplorable condition, a
condition that is not calculated I
to enhance respect for law, and its J
enforcement, and which as a mat-;
ter of fact would have a contrary
effect. It was never intended by
the framers and makers of our
constitution and laws that the con
dition referred to should exist and
there must he some legal way *o
avert it. We have the opportun
ity and it remains to be seen
whether or not we have the dis
position and the ability to point out
that way."
Recently the state supreme court,
adopted what is known as "Rule
30" in which it was decreed th:it
frivolous appeals would not be
looked on with leniency by the
court, but the doctrine laid down
this afternoon will put a stop to
delayed justice and speed up the
execution of the sentences of the
courts.
t be thy Country's, Tby God's and
lay, November 8,1922
TURKS
DISCARD
SULTAN
Angora Assembly
Unanimously De
cides That It is Su
preme Power and
Sultanate is Abol
ished
Constantinople, Nov. 3 (By .the
Associated Press)..?An end to the
sultanate in Turkey has been unani
mously decreed by the grand nat
ional assembly sitting at Angora.
The executive and legislative "pow
ers of the country have been
conferred with the assembly upon
the nation and the palace of the
sublime porte, which "through cor
rupt ignorance for several centuries
provoked numerous ?ls for the
country, has passed into the do
main of history.
A caliph is to be chosen by the
assembly from a member of the
Osman dynasty to succeed the sul
tan but the resolution of the as
sembly announced that the Turk
ish government would remain the
keystone of the caliphate. The
choice of the ealiph is to'be that
member of the imperial family who
is the best, instructed, the best ed
ucated, the most honest and the
wisest.
. The assembly also decided that
all treaties entered into by the
Constantinople government since
March 6, 1920, were null and void.
The decision of the. assembly was
followed by the proclamation of a
national holiday and the firing of
a salute.
Notwithstanding the assembly's
decree that the era of liberation
had at last been entered into the
sultan presided this afternoon at a
meeting of ;his ministers. The
grand vizier, Tewfik Pasha, and
his colleagues kissed the sultan's
hand on the occasion of the pro
phet's birthday, renewed their
pledge of loyalty -and expressed
the utmost indignation of. what
was termed the rash action of the
Angora government in proclaim
ing an end to the sultanate. While
nothing definite can be ascertained
regarding the decision reached at
the council today, it was reported
in high quarters there was good
reason to believe the sultan had
disputed the legal character* of the
national assembly's decision.
Some of the Turkish afternoon
newspapers today announced'.that
abdication of the sultan is only a
question of ho\?rs,'but the ministers
of the sublime porte took no
such a view of the situation. The
sultan's resignation, according to
tradition, would be handed to the
members of the- imperial family,
and no crown council was called
today at Yildiz palace.
Monarchist and Turkish mod
erate circles anticipate internal
dissension in consequence of the
action of the assembly. They ex
press the view that the step of the
Angora government is a triumph
for the Bolshevik policy.
Grnd Vizier Tewfik Pasha has
telegraphed Mustapha Kemal
Pasha,, the Nationalist leader, that
any measure contemplated by the
assembly affecting the sultan's
status will weaken Turkey's po
sition abroad. Tewfik added that
the allies would benefit at the ex
pense of- Turkey at the forthcom
ing conference in case of division
between the national assembly and
the palace and endeavor to pose
as protectors of the caliphate. In
conclusion Tefik called the Angora
government's attention to the pos
sibilities of worldwide reaction,
which the assembly's attitude
might cause in Mohammadan
countries, thus jeopardizing the
fruits of the victory of the Turks
over the Greeks.
MOSLEMS WONDER
WHAT SULTAN WILL DO
Constantinople, Nov. 4. ? The
whole Near East is anxious to learn
what the sultan is going to do
about the unanimous decree of-the
grand national assembly at Angora
declaring the sultantate at an
end. The heir apparent and oth
er members of the imperial fam
ily conferred last night at the pal
ace"" and decided that none will ac
cept the throne if it is stripped of
temporal power. The assembly
declared that the member of the
imperial family best educated,
most honest and wise hereafter
would be selected as sultan.
EDUCATION WEEK
Columbia. Nov. ">. ? Governor
Harvey has issued a call for a
state gathering in Columbia on
November 10. under auspices of
the South Carolina. Citizens' Edu
cational Association, to launch a
movement for a mass meeting in
each county of the state during
"Kdueation "V^J^k," December 4-9,
in behalf of the rural schools of
South Carolina. The meeting will
be held in the state library at 7:30
o'clock in the evening.
To this conference the governor
is inviting leaders in various or
ganizations of the state, especially
organizations whose intent is edu
cational.
J. Rion McKissick. of Greenville,
is chairman of the citizens educa
tion association, under whose aus
pices the conference is to be held
Troth's."
SENSATION IN i
NEAR EAST i
SITUATION
After Deposing Sultan
the Kemalists Turn
o n Allied Powers
and Order Them to
Get Out of Constan
tinople
x -i
Constantinople, Nov. 5 (By the:
Associated Press).?An allied ex-j
traordinary council decided tonight j
to refuse categorically the Nation
alist demand for the allied military
evacuation of Constantinople.
The first note deals with the visit
to Kemalist ports of eight allied and
American warships and declares the
port authorities have been instruct- |
ed not to/permit a landing. In ac- I
cordance with maritime laws the j
Turks request that these vessels i
salute the Turkish flag.
The other note sets up a claim i
for the immediate handing over to!
the Angora government of the
Turkish railways in Europe and
Asia, wich are under temporary al
lied control.
Constantinople, Nov. 5 .(By the J
Associated Press).?The Nation- j
alist government is in control of j
Constantinople. Rafet Pasha is the j
new governor and Hamid Bey, thej
representative of the Angora gov
ernment, has ordered the allied
troops out. In a note to the en
tente he demands evacuation of the
allied forces.
The Turks have torn" up the
Mudania armistice convention and
are advancing into the.Chanak?
area, occupied by .the British, and!
other neutral zones.
Since noon Saturday the Nat-j
ionalist administration is declared i
to have, been established and in j
celebration of thjs masses of ex-j
cited Turks*have been engaged inj
disorders. Students marched i
against the palace and riotous j
mobs engaged in such manifesta-;
tions that it became necessary for
I the allied police to fire on them,
several r of the Turks being killed
i 6r.wounded.' '
j The Christians in the Stamboul
'quarter throughout Saturday night!
were seeking shelter and protection'
from what they plianly feared?.
a Turkish massacre.
Today, however, the government
authorities issued orders that all j
disturbances Should be rigorously i
put down. The allied high com- j
missioners accepted the new re-j
gime and there was nothing left
for the sultan's ministers but res-1
ignation from office.
.Tewfik Pasha, the grand vizier,
realizing his power had disappear
ed, dispatched messages to repre-i
sentatives of the submlime porte in |
the various capitals to transfer
their archives to the representa
tives of the Angora government.
There seeemed danger for a ?
time that the radical forces would
gain the upper hand. The sultan)
was denounced/together with mon-|
archy, and Mustapha Kemal Pasha I
was acclaimed, as "our president."!
It became necessary to throw
guards of troops around the sul-;
tan's palace, within which Muham- ?
mad VI, how caliph only, is
spending fearful hours.
As yet Muhammad VI has given
no evidence of conforming to the
determination of the new govern- i
ment to rid Turkey of the high!
office of sultan, but the quickly de- j
veloping popular movement may
soon compel him, with the loss of
his chiefs, to accept the inevitable.
Rafet Pasha sprang the news of
the change In government in a
dramatic manner on the allied gen
erals. The generals had summon
ed Rafet to discuss the question of
the admission of Kemalist gen
darmes to the Gallipoli and Chanak
zones. At the termination of the;
discussion Rafet, as by wray of an
after thought, broke the startling j
news thus*:
"I must Jnform your exeellen- j
cies that since neon the Constan- j
tinop'e government no longer ex- I
ists, and I have assumed the gov- j
ernorship."
Constantinople, Nov. 5 (By the'
Associated Press).?The sultan's j
ministry resigned Saturday even- i
ing and Rafet Pasha, representative]
of the Angora Nationalist govern
ment, has assumed power. He is-j
sued a manifesto today which de->
clared that from noon, November j
4, the administration of the great!
national assembly of Turkey is es-i
tablished In Constantinople.
The manifesto announced that;
the Sultan's position has been clear-;
ly defined by the decision of the:
national assembly and that the
rights of citizens are absolutely!
safeguarded by the laws of the
great national assembly of Turkey.
The allied high commission has
accepted the new regime. This
leaves no choice for the sultan. All
the Turkish courts are suspended j
and Rafet Pasha, the new govern-;
or of Constantinople, has ordered
the attorney general to dispense;
justice under the jurisdiction of the
Angora government. This further!
imperils the Sultan's position.
Owing to the suppression of the j
ministries, all government em- j
ployees except those identified with!
the municipality who continue at'
work, have been requested to
await instructions from the Angora
government. Yesterday the govern-'
THE'* TRUE SUt"
LAUSANNE I
CONFERENCE
POSTPONED
Developments at Con
stantinople Throw
Plans For Peace in
Near East into Con
fusion
London, Nov. C.?As a result of
new developments In the situation
at Constantinople the peace con
ference called to meet at Lusanne
on November 13th has been post
poned, possibly for a: fortnight, it
is announced. It is stated in au
thoritative circles that in no cir
cumstances will the British point of
view regarding the presence of al
lied troops in Constantinople be
changed. The British intend to up
hold the Mudania agreement and
will remain in the neutral zone
with troops.
ment employees went on strike, a
message being sent to An&ora Jhat
they had done so in protest against
the sublime porte's refusal to com
ply with the Angora ultimatum.
Prior jto accepting the announce
ment of Rafet Pasha that the fun
damental organic law promulgated
by the Angora government would
be applied to Constantinople Sun
day, the allied high commission
ers and generals gathered last
evening in the British embassy, to
examine Rafet Pasha's proovj-als,
which were for the establishment
of . Turkish civil administration in
Constantinople and the neutral
zone. Rafet participated in the
meeting, which discussed rin all
its details the advisability of, the
transfer of the civil power to the
Angora government. "Soon after
wards the new Nationalist govern
or definitely took control of the
"capital and issued orders to the
director of police and chie*: of the
gendarmie to carry on their work
and see" that public order was not
disturbed. He then spoke from a
balcony to a crowd of several tbon^
sand, declaring the hour of the
liber?ttoir-of the captive capita
had struck. He paid tribute to the
Nationalist army and referred in
glorying terms to the common sens*
displayed by the people of Con
stantinople in giving all .support
to the Angora government, which
had made possible a bloodless rev
olution. He warned the people to
deport themselves with dignity and
not offend the susceptibilities, of the
sultan, who still remained jaliph;
any attack against his persor.) would
be regarded as an offense against
the Moslem religion.
The municipal council forwarded
to Angora its acceptance of the na
tional assembly's resolution re
specting the sultan and the trans
fer of -the sovereign rights to the
assembly. A mayor was then elect
ed and he in the presence of Rafet
Pasha and other Kemalists took ;
the oath of allegiance to the An
gora assembly. I
Stamboul was en fete Saturday
night. There were boisterous dem-1
onstrations during which frenzied;
Turks fired blank cartridges and i
otherwise created disorder. The
allied police held themselves in re
straint for a long time, but final
ly were forced to fire on the mob,
killing or wounding a few Turks.
The disorders continued today,
during which there was consider
able window smashing.
The imperial guards and allied
policemen were on duty all night
at the palace here. In Stamboul
the Christians sought shelter in
the foreign establishments.
Students of the Turkish univer
sity organized a mass meeting at
Yildiz palace during Saturday
evening. Five hundred students
with banners and carrying litho
graphs of Mustapha Kemal Pasha,
the Nationalist leader, marched past
the British embassy singing pa
triotic songs. When they reached
the palace they shouted the most
violent epithets against the sultan
and shouted, "Long live our pres
ident, Mustapha Kemal Pasha."
"Down with the monarchy," and
"Long live new Turkey."
The poorer classes of the Turks,
long imbued with monarchist prin
ciples, seemed dismayed at the
sight of the revolutionary element
and the expressions they heard ot
tered. They declared that the
"Angora Bolsheviki" would bring j
about the ruin of the empire.
The streets leading to the Yildiz j
palace were blocked with crowds}
and street traffic was suspended for
several hours. The sultan request
ed protection from the allied police
and mounted policemen and cor
dons of troops guarded the palace,
ready to fire upon any person who
attempted to invade it. The dem
onstration did not assume a char
acter of extreme violence, but the
fear was expressed among those
making up the crowds that the sul
tan, despite his intention not to
abdicate, might be forced to do so
by the popular wave of enthus
iasm which has been worked up by
the Kemalist propaganda.
In the fear of possible untoward
events the allied high commission
ers have telegraphed their respec
tive governments for instructions.
The consternation of the Christian
population is beyond description.
Frequently there is to be heard the
statement "'the Turks will mas
sacre the Christians."
I'M KON, f*>Uil?tiahed *I?mk* I. i MMI,
VOL. UiL NO.
?VMAB?R"
CONFERENCE
_CL0SED
International Meeting
Was Devoid of Con
structive Action ?
Breaks Up in Dis
cord
_
Geneva, Nov. 3 (By the Asso
jciated Press).?The sessions of the
international labor conference end
ed this evening. During the day,
prior to adjournment the German
representatives left the confer
ence owing to differences arising
over the use of the German lan
guage in the. deUberatiohs, and the
Swiss government delegates, Dr.
Pfister and Professor Delaquis,
also departed for home, pleading
pressing business at Berne.
The representatives of the Swiss
employees and workers, however,
remained to the end of the con
ference.^ Although the question of
the use of the German language
was' supposed to have been set
tled so far as the present con
ference "was concerned it was
brought up today by a motion in
'Siting the international. Labor bu
reau to ihventigate the final cost
mvolved in-the adoption of an
other offichil language. Herr Wes
ser, a German workers' delegate,
in a strongly worded speech, de
clared phat millions- of! German
workers were embittered becaos**
their representatives were unable
to make -their voices heard at
Geneva-oa questions of the utmost .
interest to them.
"If'the German people has fall
en,^, he. said,, "if it has been
brought* to- earth; it has ?not" lost
faith.-phat m'the future it will see
a new dawn arise for it."
The Gerznan"delegation then, rose,
?o'qk .up-their papers and solemnly
filed out-of the room, leaving those
in the nieeting Overcome with sur
prise., .Icy silence followed the
words of Herr -Wesser, but soon,
afterwards Dr. Aristedes, de Ague?\v
y Betancburc of Cuba, vice presi
dent of the conference, spok^ ??"
condemnation of the authors of
the*' Iftc^gtenr" at^'-Teproached them
for abandoning their posts.; He -
was loudly applauded.
It has-been palpable that ? t&flt
Swiss* government delegation waji
not satisfied with the treatment it
had repelv&H ?t.? the conference,
particularly', because Switzerland
hadybeeh replaced on the council
by Finland and also because of al
legations that Swiss views on o^e>~- .
tions of interest,to Switzerland had
failed, of approval by the cohfW
ence.
Viscount Bumham. f"reai Erit
aim chajrthan of the conference
gave a summary of the work
done at the sessions. He sa'd the
work had been less arduous than |n
previous year? but .much good had
been accomplished. He added that
at ne^t year's Pan-American con
ference m Chile both the league
of nation^, and the labor bureau
would be w^H represented. In clos
ing his address Viscount Bumham
expressed satisfaction that there
had beert American observers
the Geneva conference and ss?Kl
he hoped they would return in f u
ture years."
POSTTO
AVEZZANO
Will Be Ambassador to United
States
Rome, Nov. 3 (By the Asso
ciated Press).?The appointment
of 'Earen.'Romano Avezrano as am
bassador ? to the United Stales t o
succeed Vittorio Rolandi Rlcci was
announced teday.
Washington. Nov. 3 (By the As
sociated " Press).?Baron Camlllo
Romano Avezzano, reported to have
been named as Italian ambassa
dor to the United States is a tram
ed diplomatist. He came to Wash
ington in 1913 from Greece, where
he had been Italian minister dur
ing the war. While his service as
ambassador here was short, he was
a very busy man, closing up many
of the troublesome war time issues .
connected with Italian finances in
their relation to. America. His sec
lease from, his post here came as a
surprise to his many friends,, but
was incident to the radical change
that had taken p"ace in the Italian
government .as the result of the
overthrow of the Orlando cabinet.
The change was regarded here as
purely political. ;
" No information of an official
character regarding the reported
selection of ' Earon Avezzano to
again become American ambassa
dor had been- received late today
either at the state department or
the Italian embassy.
vekdict of
not guilty
Returned in Case of T. Jeff
I Mcsier
Camden, Nov.. 3.?The jury in.
the case of T. Jeff Mosier, charged
with the killing of W. M. Watkins.
a merchant of Cassatt, rendered a
verdict of not guilty after being
out at*>Ut: two hours. The case has
occupied three days of the court
and large crowds, have been in at
tendance.