Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE SUMTER WATCHMAN, Establish CONSOLIDATED AUG. 2,18$ JOB DISPEN; Versatile Politician of Marlboro Said to Have I Made Terms With ! Harding Admin- \ istration I Columbia & C. May 27?Former j Senator' John L McLaurin, of Ben- J nettsville, will control the patronage ; for South Carolina. He is in Wash- \ ington now; anc yesterday held a con- j ference with C. Baseom Slemp, of j Virginia, and President Harding. Telegraphic advices received in Co luiab.'j today state that Mr. Mc Laurin iiad been placed in charge of jthe Republican pa+ronage: Joseph W. x'olbsrt, the present republican eommitieeman for ihe state, will be almost a Sburehead, according to the Washington advices. W. H. An drew?^ ci Georgetown, former state Senator Banks? of St. Matthews and J. Mortimer, of. Bennettsville, also are in Washington with Mr. McLau rin. It is stated that appointments for this state will probably be he.ld up for a few weeks, until after the Republican committee meeting June S, when a new republican chairman, John T. Adams, ..of Iowa, takes! charge. While with the president, Mr. Mc Laurin talked cotton, and it is stat ed that the president indicated to Mr. McLaurin his entire willingness to have the administration help the South in whatever ways are possible. A lowering of the rediscount rates is being sought, it is said. M'Laurin Calls On President Harding j Washington, May 26.?Former Sen- , ator 'John L. McLaurin, of South Carolina called on President Harding [ this morning in company with Con- j gressman C. B. Slemp, of Virginia, who is regarded as the administra tion's chief adviser of Southern Re publican conditions. Mr. Slemp would not discuss the significance of the visit in any_jvaiL. Former- Senator McLaurin sftso re fused to discuss the political phase of the visit, and declared that his prin cipal object in being in Washington and in calling on the president was to enlist the interest of the chief ex ecutive at the request of and with a j ?letter from President J. S. Wanna- j maker, of the American Cotton Asso- j ciation, in the importance of liberal ising the treatment of cotton and ! ? other agricultural products by the < federal reserve system end other government agencies. Mr. McLaurin said that he had laid i especial stress upon the necessity of j .keeping the rate of rediscount down to a proper figure and of eneourag- j ing export credits. And that he had found the president disposed to do everything in his power to help. **I am far more interested in meas- j ures to relieve the distressing condi- j tion of the agricultural community and industry," said Mr. McLaurin, ; "than in any matter of party poli- i tics." It is known here that there is a ; movement on foot and has been for ; some time to reorganize the Republi can party in South Carolina as well i as in Georgia, and in other southern states, so as to make it a white man's party. The administration is using its influence to a getting together of lie publicans in*th**se states on a new ! basis and under new leadership. 1; is rumored that McLaurin is being asked to take part in the intended i South Carolina reorganization, but ; no definite statement can bf obtained. ] It'is generally undejTi,; iod in well in- : formed quarters that the South Car- j olina Republican representation in the ' next national convention will be cut ; down" to four. Senators Favor Dial Proposa! For Regulation of Cotton Futures Sales Washington. Mav 26.?A series of measures pending before congrr-rs were Unanimously indorsed today by 22 members of the senate from south ern and western -States who have or ganized an agricultural block. Among the bills to which support was pledged were those for freeing associations of agricultural producers j from restrictions of anti-trust laws in marketing products, for regulat ing grain and cotton exchanges, for requiring alleged wool fabrics s <-!.j in interstate commerce to b< :ir marks indicating the percentage of wool and shoddy content, for similar branding of paints, and for regulation of cold storage. Regulation of cotton futures sales, as proposed by Senator Dial, Democrat. South Carolina, was also included in the list. Chairman Kenyon. of Iowa, an nounced at the close of the session that the "bloc" would meet again June and consider any action its members might desire to take in sup porting measures designed to pro- ' mote the financial welfare of farm hag sections. Kills and resolutions taken up today, he said, were of a J general nature. J ut extension of ag,- [ ricultural credits, and possible im provement and . enlargement of the ; land bank system, would be given at- j tention at the next session. . icd April, 1850. "Be Just 11. LEAGUE OF NATIONS AGAIN f ?? - Lodge and Watson All "Het"j Up For Fear America Will Be Dragged Into It SENATE DEFEATS WALSH PROPOSAL - i Which Would Require President to Send Representatives to the; League Commission - ! Washington, May 27.?Final action i against beginning a new Pacilie coast j ! on disarmament questions and 'against beginning a new Pacific coast j \ naval base was taken today in the I senate, but other amendments to the j $495,000,000 naval appropriation bill I were not disposed of when adjourn f rnent was taken until next Tuesday, I I over the Memorial Day holiday. Disarmament proposals caused a brisk clash today over* amendments of Senators Pomerene of Ohio, and I Walsh, of Montana, Democrats. With j the Eorah amendment, ''authorizing j and requesting" the president to call I a three-power conference to discuss I disarmament, already in the bill, Sen ator Pomerene offered a supplemen tary amendment. It -would have au | thorized the president to suspend [ American naval construction for she j months "in order to arrange" the [ conference, and if a disarmament (agreement should be reached to sus ! pend construction in part or in whole IThe proposal was beaten twice, onc? ? on a point of order, sustained by | i Vice President Coolidge, and again by i:a record vote, 29 to 27., for suspen- ! I sion of the rules to make it in order. | I Even a livelier tilt In which the 1 league of nations . controversy was I ! fought over again developed on Sena tor Walsh's amendment, which would \ have required the president to send \ American representatives to sit with j the disarmament commission of the ; ! league of r?ricns "in a consulting ca- i ! pacity." I This amendment was beaten?4 2 ; to 22?after it was denounced by Sen ator Lodge, of Massachusetts, Re publican leader, as a 'side door" en- j trance of America into the. league. , The roll call was on party lines, ex- j cept that three Democrats, Shipelds j of Tennessee, Walsh of Massachu setts and Watson of Georgia voted J with Republican opponents. The proposal for a new naval base I at Alameda, CaL, was lost finallv \ ? 1 when Senator Tall. Republican. Dela ware, a prominent champion of it.i announced after a further canvass of { Senators, that no further attempt ! would be mad.' to rescind the senate's vote striking the item from the bill. Besides the disarmament contro versy, the senate also clashed over the recent dismissal of 11 o midship men from the naval academy at I Annapolis. After criticism and d*--' fense of the Annapolis authorities, j the senate adopted an amendment : providing for reappoihtment to a j lower class of the midshipmen who ! ?ilunked." Another amendment adopted called for a report by the navy department i as to whether any navy yard or sta - 1 tions should be abandoned. The liveliest tilt was over tin- j Walsh amendment for reappointment of the American representatives to the j league of nations' disarmament com mission. Its author contended that | it followed the administration policy i of appointing representatives to sit i with the supreme council and the al- . lied reparation commission. Senators Lodge and Watson (Geor gia) declared that the proposal was an entering wedge for American par ticipation in the league. "The people of the United States," i said Senator Lodge, "have decided i against that league. The president has declared he would not enter it." ? Thar tin* sending of what he term- j ed "American observers" to the su- ; preme council and reparations com- j mission had "nothing to do with the j league" was denied by Senator Bran degee, of Connecticut, a Republican "irreconcilable." "The supreme council." said Sena-] toi Brandegee, "is a body utterly un- j known to the league. The reparations! commission has nothing whatever to ' dc with the league; it is a body of i the Versailles treaty." In opposing the Walsh amend ment, Senator Watson, of Georgia, de livered his first sharp attack upon the league of nations since his en trance into the senate. Taking exception to a statement of Senator Underwood that the league issue was nal the deciding factor of the November elections. Senator Wat- i son said thai Mr. Underwood recent ly had "made a strong speech !"?? disarmament and then voted for ?40.000.00*) of increases" in appro prial imis. "The senator from A'abama is mis- ; taken." siid Senator Watson. r*?garil ing the league issue in the elections. "The real issue was Cor maintenance of our independence and againsl its surrender to foreign powers, it was to ke,ep out of the league that caused the ; stampede to the ticket of Harding and Coolidge. And now step after step. : insidious'y. we are disregarding tie verdict of the people and told to Into the league that the people told us to avoid. Put your hands In a cotton gin and see what will hap pt n. ^\ bo will I urn Off the belt if we put onr hand in this (the Walsh amendment ? ? "We can't pass this resolution (the nd Fear _Vot?Let all the ends Thou Ai SUMTER, S. C, WEDNESE Administration of Jus- j tice Needs Improvement Representatives of Americani Bar Recommend Legislation by Congress That Would Help I Matters Washington, May 30.?A committee'? of more than a hundred members of j the American Bar here has taken ac-j tion on the resolution in Congress to' authorize the appointment of a com-! mit:ee to consider legislation that: j would tend to improve the administra tion of justice in the United States. j Georgia Murder Trial j i Covington. Ga., May 20.?Clyde j Manning, negro farm boss for John j S. Williams, will enter a plea of not; guilty when his trial for murder of | one of the 11 negroes killed on or j near the Williams farm, begins here ! tomorrow, according to his attorney,"! E. Marvin Underwood. } The negroes were killed to hide j alleged peonage conditions after a j federal investigation was started last February, according to statements of the prosecution in the trial of Wil liams, who was convicted here re i cently and sentenced to life impris I onrnent. Manning, ch'.ef witness for the state against Williams, told the jury he took-part in killing all three of the negroes who are alleged to have ; been brought into this county and !drowned, but asserted he did so un Ider fear of death if he disobeyed his I employer. He would go free under j ; Georgia law if he could prove to the | satisfaction of the jury at his own j Itrial that he was compelled to com- j ?mit the crimes. Mr. Underwood, employed to repre- | ; sent the negro by a group of Atlan ! tans interested in promoting better I feeling between the races, has ob tained orders from federal author:- j ties to bring to the trial Clyde Free I man and several other negroes for- J I merly employed by Williams who are j ! held as material witnesses in the | j peonage charges. They are to be* j used by the defense in its efforts to j I prove that Manning was in mortal j fear of Williams. Mr. Underwood has been quoTed as saying addition- ! a! evidence to that at the Williams! trial will be produced. Williams and Manning were indict- j ed charged with murder by a Mew ton county grand jury and later they and three of Williams' sons were I indicted for murder by a grand jury j in Jasper county, where the farm is \ situated. Williams' sons are fugitives j from justice and he has not been ?brought to trial in Jasper county j pending the outcome of appeal for a new trial before the state supreme court. Washington. May 30.?The Farm Bureau Federation Committee, has i recommended the completion of the . Muscle Shoals. Ala., nitrate plant. Washington, May 3.0.?President; Harding's speech 'was the chief event of the Memorial Day exercises at Arl ington Cemetery. Cabinet members, high government "Officials and large crowds were present. Special exercisest weer arranged for the unknown dead j in France. A parade of veterans and; regular army troops was reviewed by the president prior to the exercises. i Greenville, S. C. May 30.?More ' than two hundred indictments will be handed the federal grand jury to morrow at Anderson for .violation of j prohibition laws. Chattanooga. May ::?>. The blue j and gray united here today in observ- ! ing memorial day. Indianoplis, May ?More than aj hundred thousand spectators will witness the contest between twenty three drivers in the speedway auto mobile race. Nearly one hundred ' thousand dollars in prizes await the winners. _ Paris. May 30.? A note from Great Britain insists upon [tie desirability of! a meeting of the Allied Supreme Coun- ' eil this week. Great Initain accepts! Ihe principle laid down try France fori an explanation of the Silesian qnes- ! tion by experts, but insists that thej c'o..nci] should meet without delay. _______ i Beaufort, $. C., May 30.?Only splendid memories of heroic dec.is of! both North and South remain and : the bitterness engendered bj the na-j .ion's great sectional conflict is over, declared Secretary Den by in his me morial day address lo re today. ; _._"_ I T?mpa, Fla.. .May :::?. Although of ilcers declined t.? state the result ? of today's balloting of the Marine i Engineers' Beneficial association b>-j cal on r.'m agreement arrived at Fri?j day ti'glu b> representatives oi their j organization and t to- shipping board, it is urio.tlicially stated tlia. the mem bers voted for acceptance by a good j majoril v. ? j \\ :ilsh amendment >*" Senator Watson continued, "without danger of setting ;i-id?- the verdict oi the people last ; November." Seu at or Watson said thai there was "insidious danger" m I be Walsh ^amendment and Senatoi Walsh re- ' plied that, during tie- Georgia sen ator's campaign, he had not spoken specifically againsl the disarmament provisions of the league co.r__t_a.iit. Senator Watson replied that in every address he bad attacked the league generally and unsparingly, but ex plained that he had not dealt 'with . every minor provision. ms't at be thy Country's, Thy God's a ?AY, JUNE 1, 1921 SEVEN KILLED N'A Five Army Officers and Twoj Civilians Lose Lives in Terrible Crash STORM STRUCK AMBULANCE AIRPLANE Cause of Tragedy Not Known B.ut French Aviator Refused I to Ride in Machine Washing-ton, May 29 (By the Asso ciated Press).;?Seven men, live of The ami} and two civilians, were killed in the wreck of an army Curtiss Eagle ambulance airplane hear In dian, Head. Md., 4 0 miles southeast ; of Washington yesterday evening in a terrific wind anc.' electrical storm. The dead are: Incur. Col. Archie Miller, U. S. A., M. H., Washington. Maurice Connolly of Dubuque, la., former member of the house of rep resentatives. A. G. Bachelder of Washington, chairman of the beard of the Ameri can Automobile association. Lieut. Stanley M. Ames, of Boston, pilot of the wrecked plane. Lieut. Cleveland W. McDermott, Langley Field, Va. Lieut. John M. Psnnewill, Langley Field. Sgr. Mechanic Richard Blumen kranz, Washington. Army air service officers said the .accident was the worst in 'he history of aviation in the United States, I either military or civil, and that i? was one of the few in which all of I :he passengers in a faliing plane had i been killed almost instantly. The ship struck the ground nose first and the force of impact was so great, the big 4'U.i horsepower Liberty motor in the front end of the craft was I was torn from its chasis and thrown j back into the cockpit on top of the pilot-and the passengers. Ail of the [ ?odies were badly mutila'ed. Cause Xot Known. The Curtiss-Eagle was returning I from a tri?* to Langley Fi>-ld near I Newport News. ?' Va., and had just crossed the Potomac river when it ran into the storm which had passed over Washington an hour before. Th? I exact cause of the accident proba bly never will be known as those in j the machine were dead when wit nesses from Morgan town. a village near Indian Head, reached the scene. An official 'investigation of the ac cident will be ordered. At thai in vestigation it is possible an inquiry will be made into the general design and practical use by the army of such a machine, the only one of its type I in the army air service. Air service officers said today that when the plane left Langley Field it v.M.- ap parentlj in perfect running condi tion and had been functioning prop erly during several hours in the morning and afternoon. Captain De La V'ergne, air attache of the French embassy, who made the trip in the Eagle from Washington, said tonight that in his opinion the Eagle was unbalanced. Returned by Boat "The machine was badly balanced*'. Captain la- La V'ergne said. "It had a small motor, of only 4(?u horsepow er. The weight was too much?the pilot could not control it. I declined to return in it and came back by boat." Representative Campbell of Kan sas, chairman of the house rub s com mittee, and Walsh of Massachuse ts. who went to Langley Field in tin Eagle, also returned to Washington by boat. Mr. Campbell said toniglil the element of safety had no! entered into their decision not to return in the Eagle; that both of them were seasick and tint air in the closed plan?- was bad. "if the ship had boon open we would have returned it." said Mr. Campbell. "I suggested to Walsh that we rot urn by boat. fi?- was seasick and I didn't feel very steady. We had been more than two horn's at sea in :t Martin bomber observ ing bombing experiment. "(>n tin* way down to Langley j Field tin- air was rough and very, bumpy. We had .i wonderfully good pilot. II>- would run int.. an air bank j tike it was a hillside, and then the machine would drop, sometimes more than U??i feet. j pBrigadi^r General Mitchell, as sistant chief of He ami} air service. ' who accompanied the Eagle t?> Laug ley Field and ?vivo had an exciting battle with tie- sto' s during his re turn flight, said Lieutenant Ames, \ piloting the Ea'gie. was regarded as j one ol tie- heal idiots in the service, and thai his sin;, was .?ppa r.ni :\ in peri'eci condition. "Wo fell no concern for his safe ty." said the ct-ie ial. "alid When the Eagre circled over lie- Held a couple \ ..j titto-s bei??iv straightening ??ui on Lire riortherlj Course for Washington it was running perfectly. We waved good-bye from tie- field, expecting i t ha? t he big : hip would be in Wash ington before we were ready to leave I Lajigiey." Tie- Eagle 1.1! I..in"l.y Field a bow 1 2 a p. in. yesterday-. The time of tie- wreck is placed at C:25 p. in., the hour ;it which a watch carried by Mr. Connolly was found to have stopped. Naval officers a: Indian Head, who saw tin- plane go down. declare that Pilot Ames tried to; brine his machine down before the full force oi tin- sturm broke, but i that he was prevented from making a ' nd Truth's.'* THE TRUE SO DOES LEINE ! ADMITF?1LURE?: Report From Moscow Says Communism J Bankrupt and Ad vises Recall of Capitalism to Save Russia Riga May 30.?A Moscow dispatch; j says ihn* Lenine, the Soviet Premier,! I lias declared that communism is bank- : jrupt and asked tiie all Pussian een-j j tral committee to approve, the un-! limited return of capitalism and re- ! call Russians of other parties to help '' rebuild the state. ! VOTEON WA GE I ! AGREEMENT May Result in Settlement of Marine Strike _? ' j Tampa. Fla., May 2%.?Provision' for j a 15 per cent wage cut is the prin-1 cipal basis of the tentative settle-! ment of the nation-wide marine strike' which will be voted on tomorrow by I the Marine Engineers' Benefit Asso ciation, according to the text of the proposed se'tlement which The Tribune will print Sunday morning. The ten tative agreement has been accepted by rhe shipping board, it is understood and acceptance by the strikers will end the s:rike, as far as shipping j board craft are concerned. ! The cut is based on the 1920 ship ! classifications. j Rules Xos. 1. 2. ">, 7. and 9 of the {agreement are the same as in the old I agreement. According to rule No. 3. I the engineer on night watch when ships arrive in port, shall have the next day off. Rule No. 4 provides that j if the chief or assistant engineer shall I be required to stay on board on a (htoliday the old rule No. 4 shall apply, i Rule%No. >i provides that there shall i be no overtime work at sea except for j safety oi the vessel. Necessary and j unnecessary work shall be defined the same as in the old agreement. Rule i No. _ provides that work in excess of I eight hours shall be paid for at the j prorata rate, the balance being the same as in former rule N<>. s. Rule No. lo fixes subsistence at $5 and room j at $L'.;io per day for everybody when .'.subsistence and Quarters are not ptv vided aboard ship. Rule No. 1 makes ? imperative that final discharges ?? hall be from the port where articles I are signed except where impracticable i in case of the sale or abandonment of I the vessel by the owner at other ports, when members are to be reimbursed j for all time and travel expense in re ' .uruing to port where articles were signed. All engineers involved in the I contest wilii tlie ship operators who I weer formerly employed either ashore or aboard ship shall be reemployed as soon as possible. I Tin- results must be reported to na tional headquarters by _ p. m.. Men \**y- _ Paris, May :io.?The grave of ever} American soldier , was decorated and ! exercises were held in every Ameti j can cemetery! today, France taking I part in '-h?- ceremony. ? London. May 30.?Lloyd George is ' said not to have yet received the in vitation from President Harding to ; consider a mutual limitation of na val disarmaments. j New York, May 30.?Baseball men j paused today to honor the memory i of Captain Kdward 'Irani, a former XeW York .National League player. 1 and the only major league baseball I player killed in the world war. Huntsviile. Ala.. May ? Mr. and [Mrs. James Tucker have been jailed j on a charge of slaving the suitor for i their daughter's hand. _. ] Washington. May 30.?Efforts to promote the cotton industry were en- i ! dorxed by President Harding in a I j telephone message at the opening of the meeting oi' the American Cot- j 'on association in New York. I landing at tin- firsl attempt by a ; grove of trees. The airship crossed over the trees safely and appeared to put on power to reach an open ; rield a short distance away. Appar- j ently the motor either failed to re spond or the high wind checked the 'hip's tli-.l.i. for u wir' s?-e-n to turn over ami tali nose first. It then was only a few bundled feel in the air. Officers at Indian Head seal a de laehnieni to flu- scene, but it was Koine tine- before tiny arrived and word of tie- accident did not reach Holling ?Field lo re until 11 o'clock ? , j last night. Mis. Ames, wife of the pilot, was waititig tor her husband a: tin laud ing field here, and when the report of the accident came, she started for MorganTown in her automobile, ar riving atter midnight and remain ing there throughout the night. Tb.- bodies of the dead wer.- taken ..ii! Of tin- plane by the naval de tachmeni and early toda> wer.- start ed to Washington on navy motor j trucks; Meantime officers in charge j of the army ambulances had been , sent from this city ami the bodies! were transferred to them and car-I ried to Walter lieed loe-pital here. The families of the dead have been notified and their wishes with re-, gard to the funerals will be carried j out. 1 ?THKON, Established June I,-1S6?. VOL. LIL NO. 30 TO TALK WfflT MONEKfflEFS Bankers From All Sections to Visit Washington at Invita tion of President EASTERN MEN ALREADY CONSULTED Said to r'avor More Liberal Treatment of Loans to Farm ers Washington, Mny 27.?A group of bankers and financiers from every section of the country are to^be con sulted by President Harding 'before he concludes the series of financial conferences begur: Wednesday night at a White Hous r dinner, when the Eastern banking aterests were chiefly represented. N*i appointments for ; further conferences have been made, i but it is probable a group of financial I leaders from the Middle West will be (the next to be summoned by the Pres l idem. : H was indicated today in admlnis ! tration circles that, so far as senti ment has been canvassed, the financial men are virtually unanimous in be lieving that the Federal Reserve Board holds the key to a proper readjust ment of general financial conditions. Those consulted are understood to have told the President that, in their opinion, the board could go a long way toward rest oration of normal conditions by exerting its influence to I keep loans at a reasonable rate on a sound basis Removal of restrictive measures placed oy the board on credit exten sion, under the Federal Reserve Act, was said to have been advocated by the bankers as a means of solving the problem facing the farmers of the i country Hardship on Farmers. Prog;essive rediscount rates, which I the board continues in the St. Louis land Kansas City districts, it was coii i tended, work a hardship on the agri cultural interests, because banks -which are charged more for money fmriHy?pass the increased cost along : to the borrowers. The reserve banks charge member banks up to a'maximum of 7 per cent in St. Louis and 12 per cent in Kansas City for loans in excess of the base j line figure fixed by the board, the rates progressing 1-2 per cent on each I 3a per cent of loans in excess of the base. Legislation to permit longer credits to the farmers through extension of the limits fixed by the reserve act on agricultural papers eligible for re discount at reserve banks, was said to have been favored. The opinion ! was expressed 'hat restriction of eli I gible agricultural paper to six months was too early a maturity in the case of many farmers. Extension of the maturity limits, it was argued, would enable the member banks to extend correspondingly i.-mger terms to the J farmer. Would Aid Exporters. A phase <>f the export problem which I it is understood was discussed was the question of a possible guarantee of the stability of the governments of countries into which American goods ! might be shipped. The bankers were said to be disposed to the view that ? the Edge act corporations for financ ! ing exports might have more support and operations of the War Finance j Corporation be given a wider field if i means could be devised by which the j exporter could be insured against the I loss of his commodities through (change of government in the country i in which they were to be marketed, j The administration is understood however, to haw taken the position j that this government could not under take any guarantee on behalf of ex j porters, but should confine its aid to [cooperation among governmental agencies and the various 'actors [working together-in the coun y for I world rehabili at ion. The bankers also are said t have < expressed a belief that the m ement of gold into this country cou* i not be particalh interitrred with, olding that this development was ai inevi table part of the recontsructi n under way. Ways and means wi1 b-"i con ? .<!? red by the administratio > keep the influx from ieading to a. \ erious consequences. Philadelphia, May 30.?\ men's work occupied the attention ? the United Presbyterian Assembly ;oday. Ma.h i i, May 30.?King Alfonso has decorated .Mrs. Willard, wife of the Noble Dames ot Maria Luisa. New \ oi k, >. ay 3".? The soldiers and sailors who gave their lives for America were honored here with elab orate ao inorial day ceremonies. Washington. May 30. -Army officers are preparing to make an official in vestigation of the crash of the ambu lance plane near Indian Head. Md., during the storm Saturday, which killed five army men and two civilians. Dublin, Maj 30. Stone throwing and snooting occurred last night be tween civilians ami soldiers, accom panying young women. One civilian was killed. London. May 30.?Premier Lloyd George announced to the House of Commons the cabinet's intention to strengthen government forces in Ire