The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, May 14, 1921, Image 2
Iombian Treaty
f the Panama Canal
Dispute
ton, April 20?The Colom
Ify grew o^t of the charge
United States had wTonged
in the partition of Panama,
one thing in a sequence of
^connected with the building of
ima ?anal, and what was
icterized by its proponents **thc
of the isthmus by Theodore
It while Congress debated."
stated, those who urged rat
iticwr of the treaty charged that
irhen Panama revolted from Colom
bian rttle5 American naval forces pre
ted Colombia fir?xn recovering her
lost territory.
Those who opposed ratification of
the treaty charged that Colombia
had long .been engaged in trying to
"hold up" the United States for a
large sum of moj?oy for a* canal route;
that Panama, once an independent
state, revolted . from Colombian rule
for just cau?e and that the presence
of American naval forces had noth
ing to do Tith the failure ef Colom
bia to force Panama back into her
state.
In short, it was charged that the j
United. States winked or connived at
the, Panama revolution to get the ca
nal zone. . This charge a was denied
with equal vigor. The treaty as at
first negotiated expressed "the re
gret'* . of the United States. Later
the treaty was redrawn to merely
iray- $2-3,00.(U'no to Colombia. It was
argued by the treaty opponents that;
the payment of $25,000,000 was in it- '
self an admission that the United
States had wronged Colombia,
In the wrangle. Which has lasted
over many years few facts seem to
be; uncontroverted. It does seem un
disputed, however, that President
Roosevelt, acting under authority of j
a law fathered by the late Senator
Spooner, of Wisconsin/ negotiated a
treaty. wjfcth Colombia 07 which the
rights of the old French canal com
pany-to buSd the canal, with a cash
payment of $10,000.000 and an an
nual: payment of 105.0,000. The treaty
was ratified, by the United .States sen
:j^^;but the Colombian, senate refus
ed, to .ac^ The motives which
were said to have actuated the Co
l^mblar. senate in Its refusal furnishr
e^^the ground; work for some, of the
/^rges against Colombia by the op
ponents- 0? the present treaty.
T^ei-esseps.. the French "canal build
erV.tjad. spent m?lipns of dollars and
tho^antds; ,of" lives in unsuccessful ef
fortsto build "the canal and the pro
ject, was; tiie:wor2d*s dream for at least
two. centhnes.
- , 0k i?ovei^ber' ? 5rd,V 1..3?S, Panama
rey/jtf^&*and\set itself up as..an 3ude
pendant state'.. A small ?> nierican ha
?'^'iforce, les? than fifty: mjn, the rec
oct! says, was ianded. to protect Amer
|^?is. .Ten'^days.', .later.. the \ United
States x^oghizeVJ.- Pin?ma..?s*..an fn
fie^en/Jent state, 's?ar%^ie^ '^T in
dependence;" ah? later made the treaty
by ;vfrhich the - canal zone Was ceded
to.. the United States and the canal
w?svbT^ilV . '
'-Jff?^^- "Ke.w ^kranadax to., which -
^o^QTObla" Vs^cr&e^e?; . t*iV.,.-Unife^
S^es was bound 'to '3^.?fa}tf tli'e
sovei^hty'. <pf eolpthbii rq\*er Pariah
n^'hn^^.. pre^rv>? n^utrAlhy.I A, the
P^n^cin^iahfrevolt.' ? " >:
*."4^n^ith*e^ i>oint? the .dispute. has
r?g4d- Jot more; thaiz > sixteeh years-,
5?E?^c'x-^C.St a?' waa the. implication
t a?t the ?^texT- States being'- unabte j
to-close':.up'the canal bargain .with
Colombia^ "atTangedt'' the Panama
resolution 'in- ''some way and' put the
deal through . ' with Panama. The
ts^ip opponents contended that the
ratification of the present treaty
would - sustain those contentions
wlilch fhey denied and'place a stain
on 'the'memory of President Roose
velt
: T&e strange shifts that often oc
cur in political tides find an illustra
tion in the history of the treaty, it
was negotiated at the instance of
fWilllana.- Jennings* Bryan, a Demo
cratic secretary of state, submitted
by a Democratic president, Wood row
TiVftson, blocked in ratification by a
Republican minority, recommended
far' ratification by a Republican
president- Warren G. Harding, and
urged, by leaders of. a senate pre
ponderantly Republican. . The treaty
as finally drawn, however* differs
from that signed at Bogota on April
??t$&4 and placed before the senate
by PresidentWilson, on June IS,
i?14 th2 principal change' being the
elimination q?- a paragraph whereby
the - .United ' States would have ex
pressed its., regret to Colombia for
the loss of Panama.
The purpose of the treaty as ex
pressed in its preamble is "to restore
the cordial friendship that formerly \
characterized the relations between
the two countries and also to define
and regulate their rights and inter
ests in respect of the interoceanic ca
nal which the government of the
United States has constructed across
the Isthmus of Panama."
Ariticie One provides that tho
treatment accorded citizens and pro
ducts of Colombia in transportation 1
through the Panama Canal and over
the* Panama Railway shall be equal
to that given citizens and product*
of the United States.
Article Two obligates the United
States to pay to Colombia $25,000,
GO0r gold. $5,000,000 within six
months after the exchange of rati
fications ?nd $5,000,000 annually for
four years.
r Article Three obligates Colombia
to recognize Panama as an independ
ent state, defines the boundayr be
tween Colombia and Panama, and
obligates the United States to use its
good offices to obtain the establish
ment of diplomatic relations be
tween Colombia and Panama and to
baring about the adjustment of ques
tions of pecuniary liability between
those two court tries.
The concluding Article provides
for the exchange of ratifications in
Bogota, the Colombian capital, "as
soon a9 may be possible."
The Predicament
of Greece
Has Lost Position Among the
Nations and is Depressed
Financially
Athens, May 6.?The Greek cam
paign now in progress in Turkey was
undertaken as the only way to avoid
the possible loss to Greece of Thraco
and Smyrna and at the same time
to give King Constaptine the eclat of
a great military movement.
. The decision of lha supreme coun
cil at the conference in London m
February to send a commission <.o
Thrace and Smyrna to inquire into
the composition of the populations
there tilled the Greeks with disap
pointment and despondency.
Under the proposed revision of the
treaty of Sevres, Greece saw itse:f
about to be reduced to its 1912 pro
portions, its prowess as a Mediter
ranean power nullified and its friend- j
ship with the allies -alienated. It con- j
sidored the territorial losses with
which the- country was threatened a
staggering price to pay for Con
;'stantine's return to the throne.
AH classes awakened to the reali
ties of the situation. They recogniz
ed that without financial support
from the great powers, the country
must become an impotent peninsular
Estate. The absence of recognition by
[Greece's great neutral friend, the
United States, was a particularly
painful realization to the people.
Many Greeks, even some of the most '
ardent Royalists, were willing to
sacrifice their king if it would win
back the goodwill and support of the
big nations, particularly the United j
States and England.
The Venezelist press has taken a
sombre view of the,, situation ever
since the London conference and ac
cused the government organs of hav
ing intentionally misled public opin
ion, j
The RoyalisC newspapers natural- j
ly endeavored to minimize the effect
of the decisions of the supremo
council and attributed . the .change in
the attitude of the powers toward
Greece to every reason except the real ;
one. They inferred that Great Brit- j
ain's leniency toward Turkey was the !
result of pressure brought to bear I
upop England by her Mussulman sub
jects.
Closing their eyes to the allied
edicts regarding Smyrna and Thrace,
the same journals declared that the
war. against Turkey must go on.
Greece, they said," must take mat
ters into her own hands and fight the
Xemalists alone and not only ad
vance- to_ Angora, but also to Si/as. j
The question of money, has. been I
barely'-mentioned.. Hints are-thrown
our that; there win be no difficulty in
finding the. necessary funds in Aimer- .
ica And England.
In the meantime the cost of living
& mounting- arid commercial Greece
faces- . a serious prospect. Imports
exceed exports fourfold, the treasury
is depleted and the Greek drachma
has been selling at 14 to the dollar. [
The/,i*o?r ra?n. -andv even the people!
w}io ^'ere-^omfdrlably off before the
present chaos, ~find it burdensome to
pay/- terv the common necessaries of
.?? The G/eek. people did not grudge
tke> ;sacrifices'C made during the last
ftve 5'ears so long, as they felt tt
would"?result* in a - greater Greece.
But: td?aV* they are becoming con
vinced fhat they have been led into
'.a-V .situation'". whlc|i has reduced the
country to a fourth-rate power, pros
trated its economic life and forfeited
t? Greece the friendship of the na
tions of the. world.
Lutheran TvorldAlmanacand Encyclo
pedia, j
Des Moines, la., . May 10.?The
Lutheran world Almanac and En
cyclopedia for 1921, published by the
National Lutheran Council, repre
senting all Lutheran bodies of the
United States, is now being distribut
ed. It is the largest work of publicity
ever undertaken by the Lutheran
Church of America, and its data will
be sought by generations to come. It
has many unique and original fea
tures and contains over 200 illustra
tions, besides many pages of tabulat
ed matters, maps, graphs, charts and
summaries. Never before has such
a comprehensive unique and valuable. |
book concerning the history, growth
and development of the Lutheran
Church of the world been published.
Every church body and synod is giv- j
en a full and fair showing.
The chier editors of the Almanac i
and Encyclopedia are Rev. (_). M. |
Norlie, Ph. L?., of Decorah, Iowa, and j
Rev. G. L. Kieffer, of New York City. I
Health Report of Typhus and Chol
era in Russia,
New York. May 10.?More than
8.000,000 cases of typhus have been
reported in Soviet Russia with a
mortality as* high as 50 percent in
some communities, said a report by
Dr. Harry Pl?tz of this city, head of
a Jewish medical unit operating in
Poland just made public by the
American Jewish Relief committee.
In addition to typhus, the report
stated that Russia has been swept by
cholera during the last two years. In
Petrograd there was a total of 12,
000 cases with a mortality of 40 per
cent and cholera has broken out in
some parts of Poland after the en
try of Russian refugees.
Dr. Plotz's report dealt particularly
with health conditions in Poland
which he declared to bo "still distress
ing." He outlined plans, which have
I the approval of the Polish govern
I ment, for reestablishing public baths
j throughout the country.
Insuring Pen??.
j "I've borrowed our neighbor's
phonograph for this evening."
?^Giving a party?"
"No. but, by thunder, I'm going to
hav? one quiet evening at home this
winter."
Looks now as though we'd get back
to 4 per cent beer for medicinal pur
poses?with 96 per cent red tape.?
Nashville Tennessean.
Stillman Hearing
Brings Debate
? Defense Lawyers Object to Tes
timony
New York. May ?.?Dr. Hugh Rus
sell, a chiropractor of Buffalo. N. Y.,
.testifying today at a hearing on the
j divorce suit brought by James A.
?Stillman, a New York banker, de
clared that Mrs. Anne L\ Stillman.
while under his treatment in April,
l?ls. told him that her husband was
not the father 01 an expected child.
The child, Guy Stillman, who is
j named with his mother and Fred
jBeauvais, an Indian guide, in the
'divorce suit, was born the following
! November.
While the testimony was given
behind closed doors, the defendant's
attorneys admitted that it had been
offered and conditionally accepted by
the referee over their objections.
The question of its final admissibil
ity probably will be argued in the
trial courts.
Dr. Russell said that Miss Anne
Stlliman had accompanied her
mother on the trip to Buffalo and
that while they were there Mr. Still
man arrived. Defendant's counsel
quoted Dr. Russell as saying that the
father, mother and daughter took
tea at Dr. Russell's home and later
went on an automobile ride with him
to Niagara Falls.
Mrs. Stillman was present through
out the hearing. She was driven to
the hearing room by her son, James
Stillman. who told reporters h?.
would stick to his mother and would
testify in her behalf, if necessary
Mr. Stillman, who also is accused o.
infidelity in the wife's answer to hii
charges, was not present.
Cross examination of Dr. Russe/!!
will be started at the next hearing
tentatively set for May IS. Before
Dr. ' Russell went on the stand to
day, Charles R. Keller testified tha:
Mrs. Stillman and her daughter wen
guests for several days in Aprii.
1918, at the hotel where he was em
ployed as clerk.
A letter said to have containec
terms of endearment was admittec"
as evidence over objections of th<
defense after the handwriting hat
been identified as Beauvais' by Ber
nard Kelly, for three years superin
tendent of the Stillman summer homt
at Pleasant vi lie. Several other let
ters were offered, but not admitted
for the present.
New Wage Scale
Amalgamated Iron' Steel and Tin
Workers in Convention
Hamilton, On't.; May 2?A newH
wttge scale and working agreement
for the independent steel mills of tht
United States will be the most im
portant matter before the> biennia
convention of the Amalgamated As- ,
sociation of Iron, Steel and Tin Work
ers, which will open here tomorrow
with representatives of. 25,000 stee.
workers present;
While wage, scale adopted by the,
Convention will only directly . affec.
plants wIt'ft* which Amalgamated luu :
agreement;-?, .Michael Tishe, interna
tional, president, pointed out that i)
would also ? ?"eventually affect 150,00;
steel workers in the/plants of the
United -States. Steel Corporation-whose
wages - are generally, based on tht
standard set by our organization."
Mr. Tighe declined to indicate th?
probable action of the convention.
"We cannot tell until our wage com
mittee reports what the men want,'
h<j. explained. "Some lodges ma\
recommend Increases or continuance
of the old scale. Our committee hai
been sifting out the various resolu
tions and will present a concrete pro-' i
uosal.
"The Amalgamated during the tim*
of the present agreement has main
tained most cordial relations with th<
steel companies." Mr. Tighe said
"We have an exceptionally smooth
, working conCraet, providing ' for
wage reductions or increases accord
ing to business conditions as shown
by the companies' books."
"The employers have adhered tc
our agreement and we have had lit
tle trouble in making adjustments."
j "While our men have taken re
i duetions in many cases their wagt
I is still considerably above the pre
! war basis."
j Because of depressed industrial
! conditions, Mr. Tighe said that th<
j attendance at the convention was not
j expected to be as large as in past
years.
"^Thousands of our men are out of
I work,' lie said, "as many of the inde
pendent companies have closed their
[ doors or are working at greatly re
duced capacity.
"Conditions are the worst we have
experienced in years. Not only in
' dependents but the plants of the
United States Steel Corporation have
been working at about 30 per cent,
or less of their capacity.'
The convention, which will prob
ably continue for nearly three weeks
will be executive sessions, unless o
jn*.w rule is adopted opening the
meetings to the public. Mr. Tighe
said that he fa/ors "open sessions"
and such action may be taken.
Important amendments to the by
laws and constitution of the Amalga
mated are also to bo considered
during the sessions as well as other
resolutions affecting the welfare of
the organization. j
Resolutions tending to support the !
campaign of the Executive Council o! i
National and International Organiza- j
tions in the Steel Industry to unionize
the plants of the United Steel Corpor
ation are also to be considered. This
committee, headed by Mr. Tighe, will
launch its active campaign on June
19.
Germany would obtain peace, but
not by the beaten path.?Norfolk Vir
fjlnian Pilot.
As we understand it, we don't ac
cept a red cent from Russia.?Ark
ansas Gazette.
Onco more the mingling fragrance
of the liiiac and the moth ball.?Bos
ton Herald.
DEMOCRATS
OPPOSE TARIFF,
Leaders in Senate Continue At
tack on Measure
i
Washing-ton, May 5.?Democratic J
leaders in the senate continued their,
attack on the cmergncy tariff and
anti-dumping bill today, although1
friends of the measure, headed by|
Chairman Penrose of the finance
committee, fought them at every j
point. Mr. Penrose delivered an
hour's speech, his first extended re-j
marks in nearly two years, in sup
port of the measure.
Senator Simmons, Democrat, Xorth
Carolina, charged the Republicans
with attempting to transfer "a lot
of commodities from the free to the
dutiable list" by use of the anti
dumping clause and argued that
those provisions were certain to
prove a handicap instead of a relief
to agriculture.
"Some benefit will inure to thej
farmers through the tariff items in,
the bill", M>. Simmons said, "but
those benefits will be absorbed
many, many times over by the bur
dens which will be added to the al
ready burdened backs of the farm-j
ers."
The senator referred to the anti
dumping provisions later as making'
the manufacturing interests benefi-j
ciaries of the bill. He said he saw|
no reason for inserting anti-dump-j
ing provisions unless somebody was!
going to be benelitted, since Senator
McCumber. Republican, Xorth Da-1
kota, had informed the senate thatj
the provisions would do "little good,
and could do no harm."
Mr. Simmons predicted a clash be
tween the senate and the house when
the measure goes to conference. Re
publican leaders in the house, he
said, were "wedded" to the anti
dumping and currency conversion
plans carried in the bill as passed byf
the house but stricken out by the1
committee in the senate, and he add
ed that he believed the house would
compel te senate to write them in
:he bill again.
Mr. Penrose's speech was given
over largely to explanation of tech
nical provisions of the bill, although
he submitted estimates of govern
ment actuaries showing that tariff
items in the bill would produce ap
proximately $105,000,000 in the six
months the law would be effective.
He added that the amount was $45,
000,000 large than the revenue re
ceived from the same sources under
the present tariff laws.
The senate recessed tonight in or
der that debate on the tariff measure
might be taken up by priority when
r.he senate convenes tomorow. Mr.
Penrose said ho then would attempt
to reach a definite agreement with
opponents of the bill Tor a day and
hour for final vote.
Unveiling of the Custer Monument
?Reproduction of the Massacre
B a Featui-e.
Billings, Mont.. May 11.?Prelim
nary to unveiling the Custer monu
ne'nt, now under construction In the
?ity park at Hardin, an exact repro
uction of the massacre on the Little
tig Horn will, be staged on the site
?f the historic battle on June 25, it
s announced by, the Custer Battle
anniversary association of Hardin,
Vppro*imately sTo? Crow and Cheyen
ne Indians, representing the Sioux
.fill: take part In the mimic battle
?.gainst members of the American Le
rion and troops of cavalry, repre
enting Custer's handful.
Permission has been obtained from
the federal government for use of
?he national cemetery for the spec
acle, and Gen. Hugh L. Scott of the
listorie Seventh cavalry has announc
>d that he will attend, as probably
Till Mrs. Cusrter. The war depart
nent also has offered to cooperate in
very way possible.
Following the "battle" there will
be a basket dinner at Government
Park, Crow agency, and afterward,
'pectators, troops and Indians will
?o to Hardin where the Custer mon
inient will be unveiled with proper
ceremonies.
Various addresses, a band concert,
i men's chorus, with the Indians ar- j
ayed on one side and the American i
Legion men and cavalry troops on the j
)ther. will include a part of the cere
monial. An Indian powwow and a
street dance at night completes the
lay's program.
People from every part of the
state, as well as many without its
borders, are expected to attend in
?iew of the historic nature of tho
celebration, marking the anniversary
?f one of the most famous events In
.he west.
Americans are Unreliable Rebels in
Russia.
Riga. May 11.?Choice of a home
is not permitted In the land of the
Bolshcviki, according to persons j
reaching here from Russia. Every
thing belongs to the government
which assigns living quarters.
Special barracks have been assign
ed to persons from America as soviet
authorities consider them unreliable
rebels that must be kept apart from
others. Everybody knows these
"Americans*' by their sad faces and
dismal silence. They do not answer
if spoken to in Russian, bat their
faces brighten if some one appears
who knows English, and especially
;he American vernacular.
"Don't you speak English?" Is
their first question, followed quickly
by the inevitable second: "Is there
my way to K?.-t Pack to America?"
Out there is uo way out, for Russia
is locked from within.
Russian Peasants Fail to Sow Grain
Helsingfors, May 11.?The peasants
of Russia, have thus far failed to re
spond to the appeal of the Bolshe
vist government to sow grain to en
rich Ulis year's harvest, according to
reports received here. The soviet au
thorities are beginning t?> take a
gloomy view of the prospects for next
winter.
A woman is as young as she looks,
and a man is young as long as he keeps
on looking.?Roanoke Times.
ARMY BnX PASSED
Byrnes, of South Carolina, Wins
His Fight For 150,000
Enlisted Men
Washington, May 10.?The army
appropriation bill carrying approxi
mately $320,000,000 and providing for
an army of 150,000 enlisted men was
passed late today by the House and
sent to the Senate. The vote was 243
to 23.
Before the final vote was taken, un
successful attempts were made to have
the House reverse its previous action
in adopting an amendment providing
for a reduction in the size of the army
which now totals about 230,000 men.
to 150,000 and for the discharge from
service "under reasonable" War De
partment regulations of men making
application.
An effort by Representative Her
rick, Republican, a new member from
Oklahoma, to attach a rider declaring
the war. at an end and directing the
Secretary of War to withdraw Amer
ican troops from the Rhine was
quickly checked by Representative
Mondell, the Republican, leader, with
a point of order.
Byrnes Amendment Sticks.
When the bill was being considered
paragraph by paragraph, an amend
ment offered by Representative
Byrnes, Democrat, South Carolina, to
reduce the force from 108,000, the
number recommended by Secretary
Weeks, to 150,000 was adopted. Priv
ileged to call for a second vote, Chair
man Anthony, of the subcommittee in
charge of the bill did so today, but the
amendment was retained, 193 to 159.
Representative Mondell spoke in op
position to the Byrnes amendment,
contending that it would be impossible
for months to cut the army to 150,000.
To keep within the appropriation dur
ing the twelve months period begin
ning July 1, he said, it would be ne
cessary toward the last of the year to
reduct the army to 120,000.
Backs Byrnes Proposal.
Representative Garrett, of Tennes
see, acting Democratic ieader, led the
fight for retention of the Byrnes pro
posal, and on the vote,, had almost
solid Democratic support, and that of
many Republicans.
Efforts on a second roll call to
knock out an amendment previously
adopted to permit enlisted men to be
discharged on application failed, 183
to 169.
As introduced the bill carried ap
proximately $322,000,000, but sub
stitution of a maintenance allowance
for 150,000 instead of 168,000 men de
creased the total about $12,000,000.
As passed at the last session, the
bill, which was pocket-vetoed by
President Wilson, provided for a force
of 156,000 and carried a total of $343,
000,000.
Xcw Orleans Iiidiistrial Cana! -and
Inner Harbor.
New Orleans, May 1.?The New Or
leans Industrial Canal and Inner Har
bor, which will be dedicated here to
day, eamo into heins" through inability
to secure legislation or modify treaties
wh'ich would permit of the* New Or?
leans river front being leased to .pri-.
vate interests.
In 1902, Walter Parker than a news
paper writer, came to New Orleans,
became interested in river front mat
ters and began t<? agitato construction
of an industrial canal and inner har
bor which would permit private in
terests to lease property practically
at seaboard and do with that property
whatever they saw fit. spending what
ever amount of money they thought
their needs justified. Nearly twenty
years later the canal project was suc
cessfully launched, the financial ar
rangements w:>re completed and work
was started. Parker preached inner
harbor wherever he could get a Listen
er.
He argued. "Control the river level
by a great lock opening into a ship
canal, the banks of which will not be
subject to the Spanish treaty of 1795
which declared the banks of the Miss
issippi River public property not sub
ject to private ownership and develop
ment and to the I^ouisiana Purchase
treaty with France which confirmed
the Sanish treaty. Connect up the
privately owned land in that section
of the city by means of lateral cafals,
thus permitting business enterprises
to create all tho water front sites,
laterals, basins and slips it might re
quire and build thereon all the sheds,
warehouses, factories and other struc
tures it might need. Ultimately dig a
ship channel from the inside the lock
to the gulf which would Pe free from
silt, current and all the eccentricities
of a great silt bearing river. Do all
this within the city limits so that fa
cilitated and encouraged commerce
and industry will pay its proper share
of municipal taxes and several of the
really serious economic problems
which long have confronted New Or
leans will be solved."
The canal, now nearing completion
is five and one-half miles long,
depth 30 feet below Gulf, 150 feet wide
at bottom and 300 feet at surface,
Lock 1,050 feet long. 640 feet usable
length, 30 feet below gulf water and
75 feet clear width. The channel ap
proach to the lock is 125 feet wide on
the bottom, 275 feet on the surface,
SO feet below tho gulf low water in
depth. The width back of tho lock
is 410 feet. This lock is surrounded
by a steel coffer dam.
No, James, it wasn't futher who
caused the frone porch, swing to be
hung and the vines planted in front
of the lattice.?Harrisburg Telegraph.
Wish we knew how we could re
tain the services of a good German
diplomat the first of every month. ?
Arkansas Gazette.
The divorce action in which there
i.s no co-respondent has slim chances
for front page position these days.?
Geneva Times.
John Wannarnaker lias completed
60 years of mercantile life, but. thank
heaven, no one remarked that he
hasn't had a vacation in all that time.
?Ne-ristown Times.
\ On Harvesting and Sto;j|ug Sweet Po
tatoes.
Clcmson College, May 4.?Annual
ly 25 to 50 per cent of the entire
j sweet potato crop placed in storage is
j lost because or poor methods em
i ployed in harvesting and storing the
j crop according to the horticulturists
of the Extension Service of Clemson
I College; and yet this easily grown
crop can also be easily saved by prop
er attention to the three- important
,factors of harvesting, grading, and
curing.
i To help meet the demand for infor
mation on these subje. ;s the exten
sion service has just is? led Extension
Bulletin 4 7, "Harvestir^ and Storing
Sweet Potatoes," by <j|o. P. Hoff
man, Extension horticu'l irist, and A.
T. Sohilletter, assist; it extension
horticulturist. The pubJiation is one
of unusually timely 1m-rest and im
portance because of the fact that the
.sweet potato is rapidly becoming an
'important crop in South Carolina
farming, especially in the lower part
'. of the state.
j The new publication contains in
structions in the harvesting, grading,
and storing of sweet potatoes, and
detailed information concerning the
operation of the curing houses, as
j well as bills of material for sweet
potato houses of 500-bushel, 1,000
! bushel, 2.500-bushel, 5,200-bushel,
'and 1 .',000-bushel storage houses.
This bulletin and all other publi
cations of the extensio service may
be had upon application.
Leninc's Speech- Before, C ommunlstt
'? Congress.
< New York, May 3?The text of the
speech delivered by Nikolai Lenine,
i the Russian Premier, before the
I Tenth Congress of tae Communist
Party, as printed in the official Bol
shevist newspaper Pravda of March
10 was made public today by J. A.
Sack, director of the Russian Infor
, mation Bureau in the United States;
representing in this cor.r.try the Rus
sian democratic anti-Eolsheviki forc
' es. This is the speecr which led to
; reports that Lenine r|.d repudiated
a world revolution ans, communism
fur Russia.
Referring to the question of world
revolution, Lenine said: ,
"Aid is coming to us r'rom the Wes
tern European countries. If is not
coming as fast as we Should like it,
but it is coming nevertheless and
gathering strength. <|f course, the
world revolution has soade a great
i step forward in com oarison . with
I last year. Of course, the Comunlst
' International which last year existed
1 mcmely in the form of proclamations
is now existing as an independent
; party in every country. In Germany,
?France and Italy the Communist In
ternatial has become not only the
center of the labor movement but
the focus Of attention for the whole
I political life of those countries. This
is our conquest, and no one can de
prive us of it." The world revolution
is growing stronger, while the eco
nomid crisis in Europe is getting
worse at the same time.
"But, at any rate, were we to draw
j from this the conclusion that help
(would come to us fron there within
? a' brief period in the ' shape of - ft
solid proletarian revolution, we would
bc.simpiy lunatics. We have during
these three years lear ;ed to. under
stand that the staking of "the game
on the world revolution does not. im
ply .any figuring ort a d . finite date and
that the pace, of its development,,
growing more and more rapid, may
bring us the revolution in the spring
or may not. We must, therefore,
know how to adaj>t our activity to the
mutual class relations existing with
in our own and other countries, that
we may be able for a long time to re
tain the dictatorship of the prole
tariat.and, at least gradually, to cure
all the ills besetting us. Only such
a view of the problem will be correct
and sober."
The most urgent problem now in
Russia, according to Lenine. ia the
relations between the working class
and the peasantry. "These relations,"
Jsaid Lenine, "are not what we had
j believed them to be. These relations
(represent a peril many times greater
ithan all the perils threatened by the
IDenikine, Kolchak ar Yudenitch
campaigns put together^*
"The peasants a . .. satisfied/*
said Lenine. "They ot care for
the economic forms \ ffered them,
j We must not conceal thing but ad
mit that a form e relationships
which the peasantry woes ont care
for will never exist. The peasantry
has become far more niddle-class
than before. The village has been
leveled down. The mio'ue-olass peas
ant now predominate*. We must,
therefore, see what this peasant
vvants. He demands: 1. A certain
! freedom in his economic turn-over;
j 2. Opportunity to market his pro
ducts in exchange for goods."
In conclusion. Lenine recommend
ed concessions amountir^- to granting
Jto the peasant the righ to dispose
f freely of that surplus cf his products
which will he left him after giving
to the Bolshevist government what
will be levied on him as taxation in
kind. Besides "freedom in local
trade for small farmers," nothing is
mentioned in Lenine's speech about
any other concessions or changes in
the fundamentals of the existing
Bolshevist economic policy.
Commenting upon Lenine's speech,
Mr. Sack said it is clear that the
main Russian industries and Russia's
transport will continue to operate up
on communistic principles.
Situation in India,
Allahabad, India, May 11.?Mo
handas Karamachand landhi. Indian
Nat nnaiist leader, has declined to
suspend his* program of non-coopor*
ation until the Earl of Reading, the
new Viceroy, has had time to study
the Indian situation.
The request for suspension of the
Nationalist program was made by M."
Raza, a member of the Council of
State.
All hin me for any disorder that
may aris*' is east on*tho government
by M. Gandhi who asks M. Raza to
address his appeal ' f': the officials
who are provoking thi people and
creating alarm in tl? country."
Candhi rays that "what disturbance
there is. ia either foriented by the
authorities or the situation is so mis
handled as to give rise to bloodshed,**