The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, January 08, 1921, Image 2
IN
JUNCTION VS.
LABOR UNION
United States Supreme Court
Decide* That Boycott is
VntewM
Washington. Jan i-ijnur unions
or their members art accountable un?
der tha antf-trs*t laws whero they
depart from 'heir "normal and leglti
msvte objects and engage In in actual
ecmbi nation or tunspiracv in re?
straint of trudt." tha supie ne court
held today In an opinion on which it
divided C to il.
The court reversed lower court
jacrme dUimasinsj the apvUoition of
the implex Printing Press company
erf Battie Creek, Mich . tot an In?
junction restrain n* Kroll J. DeeHng
and William Bramley. as buslnees
agents of the International Associa?
tion Of Machinists, from continuing
a so-celled secondary boyoott. This
was deeertbed by the court *? a com
eaaatlea net merely to refrain from
log with complainant o* advise,
by peaceful means to persuade,
,ut customers to refrain
boycott), btu to exercise
ee*fc<ve areejure upon such custom
are, actual aid prospective, In order
to eauae them to withhold or with?
draw uatrdiage from complainant
through fear of loss or dsraage to
theraeelves eaeuld thsy dsal with it."
lathsr keadort of pramtneqee de
ellned to comment on the decision of
the eoart. whtoh is the Amt to be
given ea what President Qo.mpers of
the American Federation ot Labor
seas describee as ' labor s bill of
tight* At the headquarters of the
latsrnational Association of Machin?
ists it was said that all the officers
Were out of town
Immunity from prosecution w.> i
csilroed for the agents of the unlcn
nadev flection % of the Clayton act,
which set forth that the "l*H>r of a
Btaasaa being is not sn m-.it le or
commodity of commerce." It also was
?onttnded during the couret of the
litigation that, under Section 20 of
tho same statute, the counts were
sgecUlcally restfained from granting
injunctions suah as that for which
application was made.
Justtrs Pitney, who read the opin ?
ion ol'the court, eald:
"As is Section ? It seems to us Its
principal importance in this discus?
sion la for what it dots not authorlte
and sot the limit it aets to the im?
munity conferred. The section as?
sumes the normal objects of a labor
eevaaiaatlen to be legitimate ami de?
clares that nothing in the anti-truat
laws shall be construed to forbid the
existence snd operation of such or
sauelaation or te forbid their mem?
bers from lawfully carrying out their
legitimate otjects. But there is
nothing In the section ts exempt such
aa organisation or Its members from
accountability where It or they de?
part from Its legitimate objects and
engage In sn actual combination or
conspiracy In restraint of trade. And
by no fair or permissible construc?
tion can it bo taken as authorising
arty activity otherwise unlawful."
With respect to Section 20. the
court's opinio t was toually explicit.
"All ot its provisions are aubject
to a goners 1 qtiaUQcatlon respect?
ing the nature of the controversy and
the parties affected. ' the court said.
"It is tb be a case between an em?
ployer and employees. or between
employer* iniirivlng or growing out
of a dispute concerning terras or con?
ditions at employment. '
There is nothing here to Justify
defendant* or the organisation! they
represent in using either threats or
persuasion to bring about strikes or
a cessation of work en the part of
employees of ths complainant and
. customers or prospective customers
snd ot thersby constraining com
ptatnaat to yield the matter In dis?
pute.**
After setting forth in great detail
the scop, of the injunction which
the court held should issue, the opin?
ion awarded the complainant reim?
bursement fer all costs in the su?
premo court and Ih the two lower
courts.
Hpeclni facts In the case should
have been considered by tho court,
the dissenting opinion signed by Jus?
tices Brandies. Holmes and Clarke
held, adding that these would have
shown the acts complained of to
have been In reality a part of the
strike inaugurated by the union in the
principal plan of the Duplex com?
pany
The defendants, tho dissenting Jus?
tices said, were obviously pursuing
a course which would Injure the com?
plainant but they "were not doing It
maliciously anj the unions did not
Induce any employee to break his
contract or engage in violence."
Recounting tie history of the case,
the minority justice? said there were
at tha time only four plants making
large printing presses and between
ItSt and 1013. the unions succeeded
tn establishing their demands as to
i.?bor conditic ns in three of lasse,
only the Duplet company holding out.
A strike wss etile?! In that plant,
ths other manufacturers having
served notice that they oouhl not be
held to their agreement so long as
Important competitors stayed out.
This strike as supplemented" by tIn?
activities of the union in other places,
the minority c intended, did not con?
stitute "a secondary boycott."
brtakt a cold quicker thaa any
remedy we knew.?Advt.
The scarcity Of money would not he
so distressing If SOejrySJSty would
limit expenditures to actual aeoSSSj
ties. The bul* of the mom > Unit
kasapSs handle is spent for luxuries
and things thut are not aoSSSM v for
health ??r hepplne**
Ruh-My-Tisiu ours bruiset. euts.
burns, tores* tetter, etc.?-Adv:.
The additions to the gSI plmt will
? rompletcd mithin the m\t t vu oi
Usrss weeks gad Ihoetaflci the sup?
ply of gas win be eaoejuate gad the
service satisfaotoi y.
Rub-My-Tism relieves Rheumatism.
*S'euxalgla, 8*?rains,-?Advt,
THE BUSINESS YEAR
End of (he Boom. High Coats
Cheek All Buying
( Itrudst reefs Revtt* ).
Nineteen hundred and twenty may
easily lay claim to having been one
of the biggest, ihough certainly not
on?> or tin best, years In trade, manu?
facture and Industry* Some new high
records were set up in financial lines
a ml in industrial output, though it
wilt hardly be claimed tlNit the year
was as profitable in all lines jus were
some Others when outputs were smal?
ler and prices were lower but when
dual margins were larger. Closing, as
it does with wholesale trade stagnant,
retail trade below that of recent years,
manufacturing output restricted, un?
employment. Including reduced work?
ing time In industry, rarely. If ever,
equaled, collections backward and de?
pression widespread, the stamp of suc?
cess as to the past is missing and the
_?utlook as to the future far less fa?
vorable than prospects at its outset
ed the business world generally to
expect. Indeed, the general feeling
.s to regard it as u year whose results
might best be soon forgotten were it
not for the useful lessons that costly
experience has taught, not only to
this country but .6 the entire world.
The fact Is that the year just closed
was the true heir of 1919, and as
such it reaped to the full the results
of the bad seed sown in 1919, this
referring to the extravagance in buy?
ing for which the latter year was
preeminently noted, the piling up of
unreasonable demands by labor, and
the lnereash.K of costs beyond the
ability of a people to pay who had
already been taxed to the apparent
limit to carry on a confessedly suc?
cessful but immensely expensive war.
The waste of that and earlier years,
most of It unavoidable?because war
Is and always has been wasteful of
life and property?finally demanded
a reckoning, and Us payment bids
fair to be a heritage for some years.
In this respect, while this country
has not had to pay the price in dead
that other countries nearer the scene
of active hostilities have had to shoul?
der, the effects of the conflict, the
waste of liquid capital Involved, the
lowering of moral tone that followed
the exaltation of the war itself, the
?xtravangance engendered, the heart
burnings inVoKed, the straits to
which the ordinary man and woman,
debarred from profiting by the con
tllct, were reduced, should act as
guldepostM for centuries to come and
set the seal cf civilization's disap?
proval and condemnation on those
who would llghtheartedly talk of the
war as a solve, of probU ms, or who,
with the teribl ?? eaumples visible on
every hand, should oppose any ren
so.rable means of rendering future
conflicts Impossible.
A Glance at the Past
Whatever the causes?whether the
overloading cf trade and industry with
excessive costs?-overproduction cer?
tainly did not affect all lines?the ex?
haustion of mobile supplies of money,
as shown by the marking up of loans
early in the year ami their mainte?
nance until the late months, or the
attenuation of crodit to a degree
where a halt had to be called on the
raising of prices of comodities to a
point where further buying became
impossible?the year 11*20 will prob?
ably be memorable for what is now
freely termed the "buyer's strike'
or the revolt of the "buyer." It
would be difficult to fix the date at
which this "doing without" movement
first became noticeable as a market
factor. Necessity buylrfg only was
urged early in our war as a national
duty; lator it became an apparent
necessity with a large port of the
public. Lost sight of for a time in
1919 when the strain of war was
lifted It was again actively preached
by public men when the snowstorm
of strikes struck the country in tho
late summer of that year and \nu?
powerfully enhanced by the count less
exhibitions of extravagance to Which
easily extorted wage advances gu\?
rise.
Sli?ns of public impatience with the
steadily mounting cost of living gr w
as the year 1919 waned, but were ; i>
parently lost sight of in the holiday
buying orgy at the close of that yetr.
The momentum acquired In 1919 was
sufficient to carry trade generally at a
very high volume throughout the first
nth of last year, but severe weath?
er the tie-up of truflic and the gCUte
congestion of transportation no. ed
earlier in the year, but culminating
in ihe winter and spring of lslt-20,
slowed down trade generally in the
second month,, and the index num?
bers on February I and March 1.
marking a nearly flat line on publish"
ed charts was visible sign that who e
sale prices weiv about at their peak.
(Itrlghter weather in Ihe spring
months and the approach and pass?
ing of Faster gave a temporary fill up
to trade, wh'le prices were driven
IpWard t< mporarily by tho switch?
men's strike of early April. By that
time, however, public ahetOBtlon from
buying had become marked at retail
and early .May saw a big outburst]
of advertising having for its aim the
moving of slow-selling stocks,
some Measures of Movement.
By and large, the past year was one
of liquidation in Industrial securities
und rem modi t lea of attempted read?
Justinen! of all values iron ;i swollen
war and poet-war h vt !, and of j
slaughter of prcea of ?mihi.Utes al
wholesale. The return of the < xpen
sively?and badly?run railways to
their owners was aignalrted by a
uuider..tc rise in railway as distinct
from Industrial shares, the Weakness
of th'* latter and tin- growing reac
Uion In trade aid mdustiy, however.
I finally Involving the farmer, as well
as bonds of al kinds, in Anal end
In* ye;ir depression. Not tho least
imposing feature of this liquidation.
by lbs way. wa> its continuance, with
rather feeble rallies, over the period
from early November. t9lta to late
iDecember 1920, a period of fourteen
imontha During the year the foreign
exchange searketa were greatly ex?
cited, and whih early low-rer ord In
cia in Urltlah exchange were not quite
m k bad 'at ei. it. sg 111 i?j change on
other countries in mos? instances
Itouched bottom twice at wide!;, sep?
arated periods.
Bales of stocks did not greatly ex?
pand with the liquidation, and aggre?
gate aatos are re muuli below those of
IflM while slightly less than those
ol !!'1?.. Pond sales broke .'ill records
tor which dealings hi the war crop ot
Liberty and Victory Bonds, that wore
liquidated freely by business houses
as a result of higher money rates and 1
credit restriction, were responsible. |
Municipal bond sales were slightly
below the oi 1910. New Incorpora?
tions and new domestic capital issues
Were of record size. Federal revenues!
were Increased heavily by taxes, and J
[the national debt showed a decrease!
despite what were regarded as ex-'
Itravagant expenditures. Money In clr- i
j dilation Increased In total volume and
I iu per capita allowance. Foreign
'trade broke all records, alike in ex-J
ports and in imports, though exports
never in any month reached the food
swollen totals oi June iyi9. Imports
reacted from the high-record June j
15*20, total. The excess ol exports
over imports was pared down from
SO flier records. Exports and imports I
of gold e xceeded those for the pre-j
beeng two years, but silver exports
I were smaller despite trie very high
I price ruling early as u. result of Kar
Hastern buying. The bank clearings
J of the country in 11 months equall?
ed the record-breaking annual record
of 1919, but this excess was due large?
ly to early months* totals dwarfing
I the corresponding periods the year be- I
t fore, because the totals in the last
quarter Of 1919 were never thereafter
equaled, it was frequently said that
owing to our possession and operation
of the Federal Reserve Banking sys- I
tern, the often predicted panic had
failed to arrive?we are at least spar- J
ed this old-time American luxury?]
and this was true to the extent that]
bank runs were rare, except in the i
?Pong) troubles at Boston and the j
small agricultural bank suspensions |
in North Dakota and other western
states, but the volume of failure Ha- j
bUitles as a Whole practically equal- I
?d those of the panic years 1907 ^nd I
I*.? 14, though the commercial failures!
Were comparatively light, exceeding
only those of 1919 during the present
century. As to this, the fat profits
of preceding years were reported suf?
ficient t>> carry many dealers through
? not V?ry profitable calendar year,
but the record addition to those in
business In 1919-20 may contain some
elements of future, liquidation.
Beitrat of commodity Prices,
Nineteen hundred and twenty was
in almost exact reverse of 1919 in
the movement of prices, although
this dots not show in the yearly av?
erages, which show striking similari?
ties for three years past. After hesi?
tation in the first quarter of the year
1919, prices very generally moved up?
ward until so-called war prices were
dwarfed, In 192<>, alter somewhat
parallel hesitancy in the same period
th" tr? nd, though interfered with by
the switchmen's strike in April, which
introduced actual famine to some
cities, was pretty generally downward,
d< Clines at first, moderate expand?
ing as the year advanced, until the
Irecord decline Of November, recorded
in the Index number as of December
1 (II per cent.) involved a net drop
from the peak point of February l
I of 34.0 per cent., the December 1
number being the lowest record
I since November 1, 15? 16. In other
[words, the general level of wholesale
prigOS on December 1 was below that
ruling in the months immediately
preceding our break with Ormany
over the lubmarlne warfare, but al?
though the December 1 level was still
fei DOS cent, above the price level of
August 1, 1914, more than half (Go
per cent., to be exact) of the six-year
war ami pptt-War advance had been
canceled.
The Year's Crops.
Tin* drawback to the year's results
lay in the less satisfactory prices se?
cured as a result ot the great decline
in prices from the high levels of the
pri ceding crops. The department of
ngrlculture puts the decrease in value
lit $1,939^000,000, m 3f> per cent, from
U< high record of 1919, but this big
cut see mi rather over-stated when the
details ar< looked Into, Of wheat, for
Instance, a big quantity was export?
ed at higher prices than In 1919; of
corn; only about 20 per cent, leaves
the farm In the form of grain. The
mon y loss In wheat ana corn It *\v
? aggregating $2,334,000,000. The
I U?W III COtton was COnCCdCdly large.
as ?11 that crop leaves the farm and
did not have it this year until the
price was much below last year. The
fncl In that even ncceptlng the very
low crop value estimate of the de
partment, the return to the farmer,
Ucee inber 1 prices used, was In excess
of anynlng previous to 11? 1 t. and
191B and ID16 were not poor years
for lie- American farmer. However,
In respect to prices the farmer is
merely experiencing what the whole
ler and manufacturer In business
has i.an to sutler. Despite the heavy
loi I HU re red by the wheat farmer, the
agricultural department places It at
$?72.000,000, the area planted to that
. i?V< il ibis y ear is estimated at 40,
60.*.000 acres, a loss of only 2.s per i
I cent, from a year ago and of 20 per
cent, from the war acreagi record of
lots, while the condition It given as
97.9, compared with sr>.2 u year ago.
Looking Forward.
Divergent views are held as to the
ad oi teil y clouded outlook. Those '
[inclined to take the cheerful side point
to the absence thus far Of acute
llnanckil, especially banking, troubles,
lhe conceded easing of the strain on
credit from the peak point of mid
Iautumn, the evidences of price re?
visions having brought nearer the
j point where COnditlOllS, those af
Ifeeling money included, relatively
Speaking, may he expected tO be sta?
bilised, the great basic wealth of the
(country, real)} uiuouchud by the
Ievents of the year and the demon?
strated nblllt) of the American to
nd; pi hlmtell to und master diffi?
culties. The other lest favorabls
views advanced have to do with the
|spread of unemployment, tin slowing
[down of Industries, the Injection of
shori time and wage reduction! Into
ithe slti utlon, tins ten ling to hampi r
buying ability among large sections]
of country, ami tin asserted crippling
01 farming Interests, heralded at
m< Miung reduced purchasing power
among product rs and as threatening
the cry basis of trade and industry,
tile production of Staple food and
other crops. Only the very si nr. nine
nparcntly look for swift reaction
from who I economists describe as the
secondary phases of crisis and depres?
sions, th<- sloe., painful and altogether
unpalatable proc? sees of recovery
from Industrial disorganization and
reduced production. Without attempt?
ing to make any hard und fast pre?
dictions, in h ed with every disposi?
tion to keep out of the ranks of the
prophets?who are proverbially tack?
ing In honor In their own country?
it may be well to sit (low a few
tads which have a bearing upon the
working out of either of these fore?
cast*
in the fust place, it apparently
need.'- to he again brought to the at?
tention ot' tin- fainthearted that this
Country has so far come through
lightly from the troubles which haw
beset the world as the result of the
overwhelming ambition or German
militarists; that our present trade and
Industrial troubles, due In part to our
own extravangancea, are the natural
I results of the antecedent cause s, and
I fthai it is best that the reckoning
came as early as it did. In other
words, our condition might have been
a whole lot worse?it is certainly a
great deal better than is the lot of our
"Buropean friends and allies. The in?
dustrial worker may be idle in unpre?
cedented numbers and a traction o?
his'pay (IT) per cent, perhaps) has
been cut. but he had an opportunity
'to prepare for the inevitable reac?
tion, While the fanner, mourning the
tut returns of 1919, should not for?
get that his money and crop returns
are better than In UU4, 1916 and 1916
which were not esteemed bad years
at the time. For the great mass of
people \eho did not directly gain by
extrdvagant wages or juices, the re?
turn to saner juice levels is a nearly
unmixed good, and all three of the
[groups cited have the knowledge that
las a result of readjustments, a dollar
I goes and will go further than it did
'in recent days of sbcalled boundless
I prosperity. The tact is that, for a
j while at least, business will need Tie
I pres. t quiet period to recaat its ideas.
I form new plans and prepare to put in
Operation new and better conceptions.
I As put by one observer, the old fig
I ures are blurred and new ones must
be prepared.
I It is hardly to be hoped that the
Ipresent readjustment will not go far
I enough to retire a large number of
tlroee who in the past year and in un?
precedented numbers sought the pro?
fits of a business life with a modicum
of business equipment and a defic?
iency of ability to succeed. It might
be well if we were able to forgot
some of the events of our recent "silk
shirt era" of extravagance were it
not for the lessons conveyed that in
the long run ability, education and
experience are also entitled to their
reward. Perba pa no better service
could be done the American business
man, wage earner or farmer than to
hold up to his eyes the example of
l>attletorn France, which in its pa?
tient rebuilding of its shattered for?
tunes, this year, shows a gain in its
export trade comparing favorably
wbh all but the very, largest gains
in our own. with the experience of
some past years of stress in mind,
one is Inclined to look askance at ef?
fort;? of "medicine men" of both par?
ties to offer patent nostrums to the
people in the belief that acts of con?
gress will arrest, delay or mitigate the
working out of the great natural forc?
es now in operation. The patient's
fevi r seems to have broken, and
there remains now the proct ss of
Ibuilding up his strength, for which
time and care are the main requosites.
GGfi quickly relieves a cold.?Advt.
i _ p
Commissioner Harris Advocates Mar?
keting Bureau,
I
Columbia, Jan. ft.?The establish?
ment of a state marketing bureau
will be advocated before the general
assembly Wlt'Ch convenes next Tues?
day by Commissioner of Agriculture
II. Harris, who will in Iiis annual re?
port urge the establishment of such
flB bureau.
Mr. Harris' idea r to establish a
bureau similar to that of the state Of
tleorgia htaded by u i;. Jackson.
The South Carolina department of
[agriculture w?i probably stud some?
one lo Alianta to study the bureau
there.
The department of agriculture is
also asking for sufficient appropria?
tion to enable it to renew the pub
l lication of the marketing bulletin, dis?
continued recently on account of the
lack of funda Tin- department re?
ports that it has received many in?
quiries concerning the bulletin and
many complaints have b en made
ag.iii sl its discontinuance.
Details of tin- marketing bureau
dm to tie advocate d have not s yot
been announced by Mr. Harris but
in- will probably give these out a: an
early date.
A few doses 666 break a cold.?Advt
No honest property owner can ob?
ject to the proposition that ail prop?
erty, real and personal, of Individ?
uals and corporations, should be re?
turned for taxation assessed at the
same rate. Therefore ways and means
should be sought by the legislature
to put all property on the tax books
at 4 i." per cent ->l its actual value, or
there should lie an abatement of the
assessments ol those individuals and
corporations that are now paying
i more than their jUSl share of the cost
of government by being required to
return their property al 12 per cenl
of its value. Then tshould be an ot ?
ganlsation of "Forty-two percenters"
I to cury on .in active campaign for fair
assessment of all property,
To break a col.I take 660.?Advt.
\ Columbia, Jan, B. Major Clonerul
I Lousing ii la.oh. chief ol engineers
of the war department, arrived here
Itoday at 11:30 and left at t tor parr
I Shoals. Where he Will spend the af
Icrncton Inspecting the Parr Shoals
dam. Tomorrow he will inspect the
Columbia canal. Major General Ft.
Young, district engineer lor the war
department, stationed at Charleston,
i j v.General l leach.
Inve nt all-year hat for men- -Head?
line. Especially appropriate for fath?
er."4?Milwaukee Journal,
THE WATEREE
_ BRIDGE
Hans Completed for Crossing at
Garner's Ferry. Contracts
Wait on Money from In?
dividuals
________
Columbia, Jan. 3.?Plans have been j
completed at the office ol the state j
highway department in Columbia for
the Wah roe River bridge, to be1
I erected at Garner's Ferry, between
Rich land and Sunder counties, ac?
cording to announcement made today
by Chag. H. Moorefield, chief engi?
neer of the highway department. Mr.
I Moorefield states that as soon as cer?
tain matters in connection with funds
to be subscribed for erecting the ap?
proaches to the :nidge, the depart?
ment will advertise for bids fur the
work, and all will then be in readi?
ness for starting construction.
lief ore bids can be received for
the erection of the Wateree span, and
before federal aid for the bridge is
available, the proposal of the citizens
of Bumter and tUchland counties, to
raise money to aid in erecting the ap?
proaches to the bridge, must be work?
ed out. Mr. Moorefield states that
this is being done now. and announce?
ment regarding the matter will be
made soon.
At a recent meeting ot" citizens of
the two counties, with the state high?
way commission, in Columbia, it was
decided that the bridge money avail
aide would be used to constructing
the span, and that citizens would raise
money for the erection of approaches
to the bridge. This matter ha? not
yet been completely arranged, it is
Hated.
Tho Wateree bridge will be of steel
construction and will cost $150,000.
Federal aid will, be secured, to help
in eovi ring the cost.
CROPS FOR
THE YEAR
Chamber of Commerce Getting
a Line oil Farm Program
One hundred and twenty-five farm
| ei s who applied for tobacco seed at
Bumter Chamber of Commerce on
lust Saturday and Monday were ask?
ed the question, 'How much will you
cut your cotton acreage for 1921?"
Every one, white and colored, large
and small farmers replied that they
will not plant more than one-half
their lands, and most of them said,
hey will not plant more than one
third of their land in ctftton. Some
few said they will not plant any cot?
ton.
Being questioned as to what they
will plant they said that corn, oats,
sweet potatoes, sorghum cane, vege?
table?, hogs, chickens, wheat, pea?
nuts, and other food and feed stuffs
will supplant cotton.
Another question asked of these
farmers was "What are your neigh?
bor farmers going to do about this
j cotton acreage reduction proposition.
I The prevailing reply was that every
farmer would cut cotton to the lim?
it?that is that they will not plant
on average of more than eight acres
to the plow and hundreds will not
piant more than five or si_ acres to
the plow. The cotton acreage reduc?
tion proposition in Sumter county is
apparently "no farmer's dream" but
a genuine, honalide, actual fuct for
1921.
The Chamber of Commerce is
preaching coiton acreage reduction to
every applicant for tobacco see_ as
they come in. And is giving reasons
why there should be reduction and
more food and feed stuffs raised.
Many farmers said that they simply
had to reduce their cotton acreage
for several reasons. First there is no
reuse in adding more cotton to tlie al
ready large surplus which they can
Bell only for less than cost cd' pro?
duction. .Second the land ownent
uiv in hundreds of instances finan?
cially unable to supply tenants or
share croppers except for limited
acera/fee of cotton, and on increased
"live at home" crop acreage.
Second: The Sumter county banks
ami supply- merchants, fertilizer deal?
ers, horse and mule, agricultural ma
Ichinery dealers will not furnish mon?
ey or goods to any but those who sign
the pledge to plant not exceeding one
third of their lands in cotton during
102 1.
Third: It is very probable that
the Bumter county banks and supply
merchants and dealers *?I" every kind,
that is those wlio sell on credit will
not, during 19U1 do anything like as
much credit business as they have
done during the past two or three
years, and what money is advanced
and what credit is extended on sup?
plies ol every kind will be advanced
strictly on the one-third cotton acre?
age plan. It is evident that hun?
dreds of share croppers of days gone
by will be working for s?>me one eis?*
during 1921, and will be paid small
wages in comparison io what they
\ have been gettlltg lor several years,
I plus so many acres of land to culti
I vote lor themselves. The conditions
prevailing in Bumter county are typi
I cal in about every other county in the
Pee l ?o? section and eastern Caro?
lina counties.
Forced reduction of cotton acreage
by two-thirds and more "hog and
I hominy" and "lasses" will he fthej
prevailing bill of fare in South Caro?
lina for some time to come.
It is expected that Bumtor coun?
ty will rapidly pull out <U the hole
? >r agricultural, commercial, and
financial depression. Ami that we will
do it as we did In ISM and isitk by
economy, cooperation, growing more
food and teed BtuffS, and by ttae new
process <?r cotton a< reage reduction,
aed by better business methods on
the farm ami in the BtoreS.
WhOOpttlg COUgh has broken out
among the children and the Hoard
of Health gives notice that all eases
must he reported promptly by the
parents or attending physician.
How would it do to amend tin- im?
migration law so as to require every
newcomer to bring a house with him ?
?DalUn _ntsws.
INSPECTION OF
COLUMBIA CANAL
Representative of War Depart
ment Will Look into Navaga
bility of Congaree River
Columbia, Jan. 4.?Inspection of
the Columbia Canal and the Parr
Shoals dam will be made by Major
General Lansing- H. Bemch, repre
senting the war department, Wednes?
day. General Beach will reach Co?
lumbia Wednesday morning*, and will
[be in tin- capital until Thursday af?
ternoon. He has advised Attorney
iGeneral "Wolfe, the Columbia Cham
ber of Commerce and others interest
ed, of his expected visit.
While here the general wrill inspect
tthe ?anal in company with members
[of the canal commission. He Will
also make a trip t? Par Shoals, in
company with officials of the power
company and government represen
tativ es.
The purpose of General Beach's
visit is to gather data necessary to
the war department's determination
of conditions necessary to the navi?
gability of the Columbli canal, the
Congaree river and other streams be?
tween Columbia and the Atlantic.
Some munths ago the government
instituted court proceedings to have
the Parr Shoals da in removed, alleg?
ing that it interfered with naviga?
tion of the Congaree below Colum?
bia. The case was held up. however,
pending the inspection by General
Beach,
The Columbia Chamber of Com?
merce will have representatives to
I meet General Bench, and if time per?
mits he will probably be shown some
attention while in the city. Howev?
er, his letter indicates that his time
will be full, while he is in the capital
city.
HIGH SCHOOL WEEK
Program for the Meet to Be Held
in Columbia
Columbia, Jan. 5.?Plans for the
state "High School Week" of 1021
were mapped out by the executive
committee ot the University Extension'
Department at a meeting Tuesday af?
ternoon, and announcement is mode
today of the tentative plans for the
?program.
The dates set for High School Week
this year are April 28 and 29. The
committee also anonuncee that the
main features of the week, as here?
tofore, will be the track meet, the
oratorical contest and the debate. It
is announced also that the query for
the debate this year will have to do
with America's entrance into the
League of Nations.
Preliminary contests, in oratory
and athletics will be held during the
week preceding the big events, and
the winners from various sections of
the state will enter the finals. Every
high school in the state will be ele*
gible for entrance in the contests,
and the high 8' i.ool week promises to
be the biggest this year that the ex?
tension department of the university
has ever staged.
Prof. Harry C. Davis, of the uni?
versity, is now preparing a bulletin
dealing with the high school week de?
bate, and with the rules governing
this contest. This will be issued short?
ly and circulated among the high
schools of the state.
J. Q. VanMeter, athletic director at
the University is preparing a bulletin
on the track meet and its rules, and
this too will be circulated soon.
State Taxe? Mast be Paid Now.
Columbia, Jan. 5.?There will be
no postponement of tax penalties thle
year, according to a statement given
out by Gov. Cooper today, following
a conference yesterday between the
governor, Comptroller General Suth?
erland and State Treasurer Carter.
The conference was prompted by nu?
merous requests from county auditors
for authority to extend the time vor
fixing penalties for delinquent taxes.
I It is stated that the state is in such
need of funds, due to the fact that
heavy obligations are falling due this
month, that the tax money must be
collected. The penalty must be Im?
posed. This is one per cent until
February 1.
1 The state borrowed three million
dollars last spring. This is due at
/the rate of a half million a week dur
I ing January and into February. Ad
; dittonai borrowings face the state
unless taxes are paid in large
amounts.
Jonathan Maxcy's Grave Discovered.
Columbia. Jan. f>.?That Jonathan
Maxcy, first president of the Univer?
sity of South Carolina, formerly t i?
South Carolina College, is buried in
the First Presbyterian church yard irt
Columbia, was established during the
past few days, following an investi?
gation, made by the board! of deacons
of the First Presbyterian church, alt
the request of mem bora of the Maxcy
family scattered throughout the south.
The deacons of the ^irst Preaby
terian church are advised that a
monument will be erected over the
grave Of President Jonathan Maxcy
at an early date. There is a monu
ment now to Maxcy on the Univer?
sity campus, erected by the Clarloso
bhic Literary society. Preeident
Maxcy died In t*20.
There is said to have been some un?
certainty as to the place where Pres?
ident Maxcy was buried. The inves?
tigation .tust completed was carried
to the point of probing into the ground
to ascertain the location of the grave
I in the First Presbyterian church
yard.
ArraiiK moots have been practical'
ly completed to make a thoroi
canvass of every school district of U
county to secure pledgee from
farmers to reduce *Jr? cotton
age to one-third of the land act|
In cultivation. The names of
Who refuse to sign the
their reasons for refusing saj
ported to the central coi
the men who make the ci
To prevent a celd take