and Saturday
?BY?
2N PUBLISHING , CKMiPANY
swter, s. a
Terms:
II- $2.00 pier annum?in advance.
. Advertisements.
One Square, first insertoin _$1.00
Bvery subsequent insertion_ .50
Contracts for three months or long
er will be made at reduced rates.
Ali communications which subserve
; priva^ interests will be- charged for
as advertisements. :
"" Obituaries and tributes of respect
/w?ll be charged for.
The Sumter Watchman was found
ed in 1850 and the True Southron in
, 255$. The Watchman and Southron
. now has the combined circulation and
influence of both of the old papers,
I and is manifestly the best advertising
ivgsk' in Sumter.
ECONOMY ABROAD
The United States, in^uch economy
as it has entered upon in these lasu
few weeks, is not leading the rest of)
the world, but following.
. France put a formal embargo on im
ported luxuries^ two or three months
/ago. England has a virtual embargo
. of the same sort, .King-"George v is
Tearing overalls?and that is^ "going;
jsoma* for the world-arbiter of mascu
line styles, even if he does" wear
them only '-mornings, in his library."
iCThe great British labor unions have
^stopped asking for wage-increases
and -are making a concerted effort to
; lower, prices. All* over Europe people
.tare exercising; more., care in buying.
tendency is noticeable in
^lawaai erica, which has less reason
;.ihan Europe for practising thrift.
A .noticeable result of this cosmic
irspasxn of economy is a drop in the
; Ahxeriean export trade. For April,
?-the last month fully reported, our
exports fell to $68.4,000,000, which
t*as $135,000,000 less than for March.
A further decrease is expected in the
? 3day* totaL This situation, though it
1; worries some business men, is rath
er Welcomed by the general public.
The enormous exportation of food
and oQier commodities has been one
of the bij; causes, of high prices in
ihis. country. When such exports
diminish, it gives us more goods for
t he "home market and .helps , to lower
prices/ ? ?'
. If along with this relief , the public
- continues its new tendency to econ
ical bhyhig, and puts a little more en
: eigy ?ihto production, there ought to
be a substantial/ drop in living ex
penses before-the year is over.
WORKIN lEKDENESS
'They teach us to do diferent kinds
of: things-that we can. do without
hurting ourselves. They call it Vo
cational therapy,' whatever that
jneans," -wrote. a tubercular patient
'to his friends at home. "\ .
The idea, of industrial trainipg fori
i^bercular patients is not^new. One
of the most discouraging phases of
work among these cases has been
' that aty too often after leaving thej
sanitarium, they have beenv forced
by fhaaccial necessity to return to the
pid living and working conditions
which first fastened the disease upon
t?em.
It is only of, late* however, that the
work has progressed rapidly. * The
knowledge gained along such lines
? a result of the war has. ^ven it
.great, impetus. .
- East and West, the great iastitu-j
~J8oWandsocieties for the aid of the
- ' *? ? ? ? - - . '
^tnbeitiiaie^;are adopter suitable vo-1
- cational training ^as part" of their
treatment. As soon as the patient's
?ealth will permit,, the more modern
institution sets about fitting him for
some work which he may jdo safely.
The work is doubly blessed. It
means a livelihood and the best pos
sible chance - for permanent health
after the patient leaves the cure; and
?nring the period of treatment it sub
stitutes light, pleasureable employ
ment for the long hours of idleness
which hitherto have made the active
minded oatient feel that he would
rather ?.3 of tuberculosis than en
dure their tedium.
mm I
GATHERING WAR HISTORY
The Illinois State Historical Society
is making a comprehensive and patient
search for every bit of war history
obtainable in the state. Committees
. are.being appointed in each county to
co-operate in the search/ Records of
the various war activities are sought,
with individual records, a complete
roll of those who died in service, let
ters and diaries of the men, citations
for bravery or distinguished service
and the chronicles of the selective
draft.
Any such complication which is to be
complete should be undertaken with
out delay. Every week which passes
increases the difficulty in securing
valuable and interesting data. The
V?*diers themselves will forget or lose
in*exes\4n matters which are now
fresh in their minds.
2*very State which makes such a col
Ii .*;: ..-v-?s-w ? ???'.-*' 4
lection of war records - win be doing
?a service for its present citizens and
for posterity. Every State will find
in such a collection food for pride and
! gratification. If the accounts can be
Skept closely to the human element,
I mere statistics being subordinated 'as
much as possible, the histories will
not only be more interesting, but they
I will be fairer pictures of war times and
more inspiring in character.
The white coHared division of the I
railroads have waved the white flag.
Polk has resigned from the State de
partment. Things are pokey in other
partments still, however.
The Hungarian Peace Treaty has
been signed. We are getting Hungary )
for ours now.
Baruch is said to Jiave "copped" !
'$200,000,000 from the government by)
means of his copper deals. Boy page
the "cop." , .
Things are looking dark for the Re
publicans at Chicago. A great many]
negro delegations have been seated.
Mitchel Palmer will soon restore]
? / -
the A* to his name. Will he 'A Mitch
Palmer from Pennsylvania?
Pershing has quit the army. Do
you suppose one of the dark horses
will be "Black Jack?"
Labor vis hitting everything while
at Montreal. We hope they can come
back and start hitting the nails, and
everything.; , '? : .
Furs at the St. Louis fur auction
solo af an average "Of $9,000 a minute
Hair-raising, we'd call that.
"What has become of all the leath
er in this country?" asks the curious
one. Why, it's in hiding, of course.
People's old shoes are getting rath
er run down at the heel?but so will
the shoe industry,, unless it" lowers
>??*?. it i mi
The great commencement question:
'Who's goiag to graduate from the
electoral college this year?"
- The main trouble with the farms
seems to be that. farmers' sons don't
want a place , in the sun..
:- ?
' One trouble - with ? city-bred farm
hands'is that too many of them seem
:o imagine they're taking a real vaca
tion.
Don't worry.- The country is going
to he saved. If, you doa't think the
commencement orators can do it, just]
leave it to the key-noters and n?mi-1
nating speakers at Chicago and^Sah]
Francisco.
It's surprising how fine that old
suit looks when you get it dry-clean^
ed. Maybe thrift lends enchantment
to the view; but they did-make bet
ter clothes in'those days.
. The Department of Agriculture says
that of the 500,000 young men whoj
left American farms-to go to the war,
not more than 10 per . cent have re
turned. War is certainly hell on
fanning.
We notice that Gen. Villa is "want
ed" again. There** no accounting'tor
tastes.
It does seem rather strange that no:
political conventions are being held
af Havana, this year, with all the* ad
vantages that city has to offer.
DO WE WANT FAMINE?
Must America suffer real hunger)
next year because of national indif
ference to the problems of food pro-,
duction? More pay and less work is
the mirage which is drawing labor
away from the farm and turning it
into the factories and miills of . the
great industrial centers. Many farm
boys have left the farms seeking part;
time jobs with big pay in the ^tiee.
The farmers can not get the labor
they need, and with ajl the good inten-I
tions in the world they are compell
ed to reduce their acreage.
There has been a great deal of talk i
about this decreased food production,]
but few people seem to have faced the
true seriousness of the situation*. Says'
one expert, writing in The Rural
New Yorker:
~Xext winter there will be less
food in the country than at any time
during the war, unless we have the
most favorable season and better con
ditions for farming. Our reports are
all one way. Farmers are not hiring
labor largely, because they are ab
solutely unable to obtain help. The
average farmer is planning to do what
he can with his own labor and with
.the laoor of Iiis family, and stop
there."
The labor problem is not the only
one the farmer faces. The railroad
tie-up has cut off his necessary sup
plies. Fertilizer, se<*d and machinery
will reach him too late in many cases
to save ttis year's crops. A decrease
of 250,000,000 hushels of wheat in the
United States alone is estimated for
this year. Europe is still having trou
bles of her own and has been unable
to bring up her production to former
levels.
Famine in America is almost un
thinkable. But no one' can prophesy
the full seriousness of the food short
age'ahead of us. So long as the after
noon movie performances m the cities
are thronged with husky youths who
scorn farm labor and seek city jobs
with short hours and high wages the
problem will remain unsolved. Those
idle youths are not alone to blame.
They are typical of the attitude of
many other groups of citizens. The
guilty and the innocent will suffer
alike if idleness, extravagance and
greed become national ideals instead
.of industry, thrift and generous ser
vice.
Those who are doubtful as to the
advisability of building the proposed
Wateree river bridge at this time, and
also those favoring the project, are
to have a chance to discuss the whole
thing at an early date. The Cham
ber of Commerce, at the request of
many leading citizens of the county,
has taken the matter up and call
for a meeting at the court house on
the 15th. This is a matter that will
affect Sumter county very vitally and
it is hoped that a large crowd will" be
out for this meeting.
_ t_
REMEDY FOR FOOD PRICES
The Department of Agriculture sees
little hope'of a, decline in food prices
for at least another year.- Exporta
tion of foodstuffs to Europe has de
creased 50 per cent,but that relief is
largely discounted by the shrinking of
cultivated acreage,due to lack of farnl
labor.
This evil, however, like other econ
omic evils, may work its own cure. If
prices remain up, and if the farmer
gets his proper share of them, he Can
afford next year to pay as much for
labor as is paid in the cities, or more
than that. He can also afford to buy
more labor-saving machinery. Then
he will plant more acres', and produce
more ^ood, and the price of food will
go down.
Viewed in this light, the present
year's prices are well invested by the
consuming public?-provided specula
tors and unnecessary middlemen don't
get the lion's share of them.
VACATION OX THE FARM
-;
Sociologists tell us that this nation
is-passing from the agricultural stage
of it3 civilization to the industrial
This fact may or may not.be consol
ing to one who contemplates the seri
ousnesss of the farm labor shortage
and the consequent decrease" in farm
production. Whether or not it will
all Work eut satisfactorily in some fu
ture generation* .the fact remains that
right now we need wheat and corn
and beans and potatoes and milk and
butter and eggs,and* fruit and many
other things which come to us from
the farm. And we seem destined not
to have, these necessaries in anywhere
nearly sufficient quantity this year if
the "farm labor shortage is not met
.pj-omptly.
I Kansas is asking for 40/000 addi
tional harvesters from outside her own
boundaries. Michigan wants 24,900
farm workers. The Michigan Farm
Bureau reports that . 11,537 farms in
[the state will not be worked this year,
! while other land which will be* work
> ed will show decreased production.
; ...*'?
\ The "labor shortage looms up as
[ mightly. serious to the farmer, it is
going to be equally serious for the
town dweller, although he does not
seem to realize it yet. It is time ""for
friendly co-operation between these
two groups.
. The Illinois Agricultural Associa
tion lias instituted a back-to-the-farm
movement by which it.hopes to. in
terest men who have had farm ex
perience but who have left farms for
city jobs,.in returning to help the
farmer for one season, at least." The
association is running a farm-labor
clearing house. It seeks the special
opportunity for the skilled worker,
.and finds some sort of work for every
applj?ant unless he is absolutely un
fitted for farming. The encouraging
feature of the association's work is
that there are applicants. In other
States an appeal is being made to col
lege and high school students to spend
their vacations farming.
Farm wages are good nearly everyr
where, and young men could scarceU
find better opportunity for reaping
financial gain, health and pleasure
from a vacation job.
. Strange-Cain.
On Wednesday afternoon, June 9th.
at 5 o'clock, at the Salem Baptist
parsonage. Miss Kate Strange and Mr.
Richard X. Cain were happily united
in marriage by Rev. E. W. Reynolds,
pastor of the bride, in the presence of
a few relatives of the contracting par
tics.
Immediately after the ceremony Mr.
and Mrs. Cain left on a brief bridal
trip,' after which they will be at home
on S. Salem avenue. I
PROPER SELECTION OF BULL
One of the Most Important Consider!,
tiotis for Improvatnent of Herd-?
Look to Records.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Since the use of meritorious pure
bred bulls is the means by which mem
bers of a bull association expect to
improve their live stock, one of the
many important considerations is
the selection of the bulls. Such bulls
improve .the herds, and the associa
tion interest increases in proportion to
the improvement obtained. On the
other hand, poor bulls cause the in
terest to decrease accordingly. If a
poor dairy hull is used the milk pro
duction of the members' herds is great
ly reduced, the interest is lessened,
and these conditions may lead to the
breaking up of the association. Un
fortunately, an excellent dairy bull
can be selected with certainty only J
when his daughters' records are
known.
Such a tried or tested bull can.be
depended upon with great certainty to
cause improvement in the herds in
the bull association. The owner of
a tried bull, howeyer, usually knows
the record of the'animal's daughters
and rightfully asks a high price for
him. The high, cost'of ten makes the
members hesitate to purchase such
bulls for the association, and instead
they buy younger and untried bulls
whose ancestors have made good pro
duction records." No bulls should be
purchased for an association except
from one "of these two classes. Con
sidering the records of ancestors, the
most important are those of the sire
'and dam. In the case of the sire, pro
duction record is taken as the average
of all his- daughters' records. Very
often the records of some of the an
cestors are lacking, but every effort
should be made to obtain bulls whose
ancestors in the first two generations
have an average yearly record of at
least 400 pounds of butterfat at ma
' turity.
The state agricultural college may
be in a position to assist in looking
up pedigrees and records and always
should he consulted. As soon-as.the
money can be provided for the,, pur
pose, it is advisable for the associa
tion to obtain a set of "Advanced Regis- !
ter" or "Register of Merit" books }
and, / if possible, a set of .breed- j
registry books of the breed used, both
of whKh are valuable for reference to
all the members of the association. In
formation in regai*d to the cost of "Ad
vanced Register" and breed-registry
books may be obtained from the breed
associations as follows: ^
American Jersey Cattle club, 324
West Twenty-third street, New York,
N. Y.
American'Guernsey Cattle clubyPe?
tersboro, N. H.
Kolstein-Friesian Association of
America, Brattleboro, Vt.
Ayrshire Breeders' association, Bran
don, Vt.
Brown-Swiss Cattle Breeders' asso
ciation, Beloit, Wis.
In choosing the bulls careful atten
tion should be given to the line of
1
A Good "Head" of the Herd.
breeding represented in their pedi
grees. .'Efforts should be made to se
lect hulls that have the same family
lines in order that line breeding may
be, practiced when the hulls are ex
changed. Before the bulls are finally j
purchased plenty of time should be
given fo selecting the line of breeding |
desired.
Although records of production are
of great importance, it is very neces
sary also that the bulls-selected have
plenty of strength, great vigor and
good body conformation. If the mem
bers are not experienced in buying
cattle, it is well to ask the state agri
cultural college for advice and assist- j
ance in making the selection.
In buying bulls special care should
be taken to see that the animals
Chosen are healthy and especially that j
they are free from the infection of !
either tuberculosis or contagious abor- j
Hon. If possible the buHs should be
purchased from herds accredited by
the bureau of animal industry as be:
in;: free from tuberculosis. A list, of
such herds may be obtained from the
bureau. If it is impossible to buy from
an accredited -herd purchase from a
breeder who will furnish satisfactory
evidente that, the animals have passed
the tuberculin test and have xwy?
reacted to that test
BIG MEETING OF
BOYS ?ND GIRLS
_ I
y (
Canning, Poultry and Other!
Clubs Will Meet in Sumter
Saturday ?
? (
-
The co-operative meeting "of thej
boys' and girls of the Sumter County;
Canning, Poultry, Pig, Corn and Calff
Clubs at the Sumter County Chamber j
of Commerce auditorium next Sat-,
urday aftenoon. June 12th, beginning!
at 2 o'clock, bids fair to be well at-^
tended judging from the number of!
acceptances received from the invi-:
tation's sent out. , j
. A number of hospitable Sumter bus- :
iness and professional men have kind- [
ly added to the voluntary fund furn- j
ished the committee in charge, Missj
Caro Truluck, home demonstration j
agent, Miss Edith ^Stroupe. county;
?health nurse, Mr. J. Frank Williams, j
county agent, and Mrs. E. J. Karrick'
in order, that the young folks have!
plenty of delicious ice cream, cake, j
pink, lemonade, music, etc., for their j
pleasure.
Mayor L. D. Jennings/and Dr. E. j
S. Booth, president of the Sumter I
Chamber .of Commerce have been in- j
vited to deliver five minute talks of!
welcome. The ^ members of the Sum^-i
ter county board of commissioners',
and .the Sumter county legislative del-:
egation have been invited, with the t
county board of education, and the!
county superintendent and assistant j
county superintendent of education
to meet with the club members and j
become acquainted." not only with the
club members, but with the work \
being done also. ' \
Miss Truluck who is at Winthrop \
College attending the short course in j
home economics will return next Fri- r
day and . hopes to. bring with her a ;
couple of expert lady specialists.of thej
State home demonstration department.'
Mr. L. Baker, State supervisor:
of boys' pig and corn clubs, and his \
assistant Mr.. B-. O. Williams, are ex- j
pected to be'present-also.' Every boy)
and girl will be provided with an of-!
ficial badge, which entitles the wear- j
er to free admission to The flex mqy-;
ing picture theater as the guests of!
Mr. Cardoza, the manager of this y
theater.
Irish Potato Season Now at its Height. |
Florence Times.
This week will be the biggest of the
Irish potato season for Florence. . It
also promises to be the very best in \
the history of the county, from both
standpoints of quantity and quality j
Of production and from prices real-)
"zed on the crop. ." ' j
, The buyers from large eastern and
northern markets are in close touch j
with Florence, and are inquiring for;
supplies of potatoes .from the local \
growers. Lloyd Tenney of the North j
American Fruit Exchange arrived inj
the city this morning and*is spending;
the day in the fields. - J. L^McKinnon, 1
representing Egan, Fickett & Co oil!
New York, has notified the secretary,
of the Chamber of Commerce he will
be in Florence this afternoon, prepar
ed buy. C. P. Carmichael, represent
ing Park & Allison of New York, will
be in Florence either this afternoon or
early tomorrow morning to solicit
shipments to Iiis company. Lafar
Lipscomb of Clio very likely will be
back in the,Iocal fields either tonight
or early tomorrow.. Whether there
will be any more buyers in the fields! j
now or not is not certain, but there are [
promisee of some others being here.
Admiration. *
He Is a very unhappy man who sets j
his heart upon being admired by tat !
multitude, or affects a general and.un |
distinguishing applause among men.? I
Richard Steele. ,
The Green Heron.
This bird, which Is sometimes called j
the '?fly-up-the-creek," is about one and j
a half feet lon&and is common through
out the United States and Canada: It
feeds mostly on fish, frogs and: other
aquatic animals, and may. be seen, par
ticularly In the morning and in the eve^.
Hing-, standing patiently motionless in j
some shallow water; waiting fill prey \
comes within reach. \
r COTTON LETTER
(John F, Clark & Co.)
New York, 'June 10?Buying by
Liverpool,, seme trade buying and
short covering put cotton up 40 points
and the market held very well until
i. quarter to three when it slumped 44
points in a few minutes without any
lews to account for the break.. Prob
ibly shorts were fairly well covered*
and the market a trifle long so there:,
ivas not enough buyers to take care of
selling orders that -came in apparent
y from Liverpool and Wall Street. The
-nap forecast was favorable and crop
iccounts showed some improvement.
Exports' were 10,000 bales. There
cvas no other news of importance. The
market looks a purchase on sharp set
back like this afternoon. ,
NEW YORK CX)TTON.
Yes'td'ys
Open High Low Close Close
July .. 38.50.3S.60 38^38 3S.38 38.4.2
Oct. .. 35.42 35.95 35.38 35.43 35.57
Deo. . .- 34.48 34.85 34.30 34.40 34.4?
Jan. .. 33.S0 34.24 33.72 33.72 33.84
Mar .. 33.38 33.73 32.23 33.25 33.42
NE.W ORLEANS COTTON
P'st'd'ys
Open High Low Close Close
July .. /3S.50 3S.77 -38.25 38.36 38.43
Oct. .. 35.76 35.76 35.25 35.37 35.40
Dec. .'. 34.35 34.73 34.30 34.33 34.35
Jan . . 33.85 34.17 33.75 33.75 33.75
Mar. .. 33.23 33.57 33:16 33.16 33.22
LIVERPOOL COTTON.
Close: July 25.15; Aug. 24.7S; Sept
24.33; Oct. 23.9,3; Nov. 23.38; Dec.
22.95;.Jan. 22.67; Mar. 22.02; May
21.51. .
CHICAGO GRAIN AND PROVISIONS
CORN:? ?
High - Low Close
July .... ... 1.77% 1.73% 3.74
Sept .... ... .1,-64 % 1.6 2 %? 1.62& .
OATS:?
Highv^ * Low "Close
July -..... 1.08 1.01 1.01
Sept ........ -.84%.. .S2*"r .- .82 -
LARD:
High Low. Close*
July.? 20.97 20.85 20.97
Sept- 21.92 21.7-2 21.92
RIBS:?
High Low Close '
July ..'. 18.50 18.25 18 50
Sept. 19.25 18.07 19.25*?
The Early. Balkan Settlers.
The first barbarians to settle per
manently In the Balkan" peninsula
were the Bulgars, a Finnish people,
whose home was the.middle Volga
districts. The Slavs are said to have
begun to pour into this region as early
as the third century, but they were
not established until some time after
the Bulgarian invasion. /
??IHAennox ?a?too* aq* ibja
pun natu Avouaj sjq q}[AV joujuoa ^q. jnq. _
qjOM S.q S.[uo loa puiui sjq jo i^Ajpa
am dn daeg isnui aq ssauui eiqupruuo^
5iq) puaajunoa oj jepjo uj puu *pjoo 9\
[uos air^ jo Ipurcui jcajS aqx *Uiaoa
xaqijuj sao2 aq su eArps ajom aq o;
paSjiqo *a^ojaaoqi *si uqM puu *uo^ej
iapioa u pjBA\o; JJuiJuu,?. sa*ca\[b s]oq&
laiaAuaj b ami si pijoav siqj.uj ubj*
*i!d 6uidaa>i
Take Wives' Surnames.
In some parts of Scptland the fish
ermen very frequently call themselves
by their wives' surnames. Thus James '
Smith marries Mary Green. He calls
himself, even in business affairs,
"James Smith Green."
TOR SALE?Sweet potato plants, $150 -
per 1,000, express collect. $1.75
per 1,000, postpaid. All varieties,
prompt . shipment. Dorris-Kensey
Plant Co., Valdosta, Ga.
LOST?One cream Colored Jersey cow,
strayed from home Friday. Reason1*"
able reward for information or re
turn to Mrs. A. D. "Pj^wden/ on
Brewington Road, P. P., Gable, s! C. \
FOR SALE?At a bargain, on^ Coies t"
generator complete with all ftxtures.
It's.all new and never been uncrat
ed. See J. P. Commander.
S?le oh Midsummer
Millinery
1-3 OFF ON ALL SUMMER HATS
This includes Leghorns, Milans, Geor
gettes, Horse Hair Braids, and a large line
of light colored hats.
MILANS, $4.00, $6,00 and $12.00
LEGHORNS, $4.00, $6.00 and $8.00
We still have a few spring hats that we
are closing out below cost
Misses Chandler
2nd Floor McCollum Bros.