Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

WHK SUMTKK WATCHMAN", Es tat Consolidated Aus. 2, WHEN ROOSEVELT MADE THREATS Revelation of His Drastic Plan to Settle the Coal Strike WOULD HAVE BROUGHT THE ARMY INTO, USE He Would Have Seized Mines and Operated Thern Under ? Military Control New York, Jan. 5.?Hitherto un published details of the "drastic" plan Ibcesident Roosevelt had decided to adopt to settle the: anthracite strike of 1902. said to have been known only to two members^ of his cabinet and a few persons who. were to take part in its execution appear in the fifth installment of the colonel's own letters edited by Joseph Bucklin Bish op in the January issue of Scribner's Magazine. The article also gives some intimate sidelights on Roosevelt's at titude toward union labor. After 20 persons had been killed and about 40 injured during the riot ing in the coal fields'and the approach -of winter brought with it the pros pect of a nation-wide fuel famine, the mayors of large cities and govern orsN>f several States appealed to the president, Mr. Bishops says, to inter fere in the interest of the public wel fare and safety. According to his Biographer, Mr. Roosevelt had de cided, in case the operators persisted ? their refusal to accept a commis sion, "to (assume powers which the constitution did not specifically give him" and to use the United States army to suppress all violence and dis order. - Writing to Robert Bacon on Octob er 5. 1902, shortly after a conference in Washington of the mire operators and the strike leader, the late John Mitchell, in a futile effort to settle -the trouble by the appointment of a commission of investigation or arbi tration* he said: "The situation is bad, especially be cause it is possible it may grow in ?nitely worse. If when the severe p?omes on there is a coal fam dread to think of the suffering in parts of our great cities especially, j and I fear there will be fuel riots of as bad a type as any bread riots we nave ever seen. Of course once the rioting has fcegun. once there is a re sort to mob violence, the only thing to do is to maintain order. It is a dreadful thing to be brought face to face with a necessity of taking meas ures, however unaovidable, which will mean the death of men who have been maddened by want or suffering." In a letter to Senator Lodge he wrote that he was "feeling* his way to solve the difficulty and was deter mined not to be drawn into any "violent step which would bring re actiori and disaster afterward.' At an other time, he said: "Most emphati cally I shall not compromise with lawlessness. I have been told on ex cellent authority, that the disorder has been very great and of an evil kind. On equally good authority. I am told the exact contrary, l shail speedily find out for myself. I stand %galnst socialism; against anarchic disorder." Colonel Roosevelt's "drastic" plan of action which Mr. Bishop says he makes public with the late president's permission and authority, included his 'appointment of an investigating or arbitrary commission without regard to whether or not the operators asked for it or agreed to abide by its decis ions. He asked ex-President Cleve land in ca.se he were to appoint such ? commission, if he would accept a place on it, and, acording to Mr. Bishop, Mr. Cleveland replied fa vorably. "This commission was only part of the president's plan," says Mr. Bish op. "The investigation "Which it was to conduct would take time. In order that mining operations might be re sumed as speedily ?s possible, the president consulted with Senator Quay, who was all-powerful in Pennsylvania politics., and was assured by him that whenever the president desired him to do so he would have the governor 'of the State notify the president that he could not keep order in the coal re gion and needed federal interference. "The president then informed Major General John M. Schofield that in case of federal interference he wished . to send him to the coal regions with the -regular army troops with instructions to act as receiver of the mines; take full charge, put down all violence, and disregard any torders from the opera tors. He asked the general, if. in ease the operators went to court and had a writ served on him. would he do as was done under Lincoln, simply send the writ on to the president'.' After a little thought the general replied that he would. Roosevelt said: 'All right, I will send you.' " President Roosevelt. it was said, had all preparations made for starting the troops within half an hour after the request for federal aid was re ceived. The plan was not executed. Mr. Bishop says, "because at the last moment the operators changed front and consented to the appointment ol a commission. Whether or not thf\ got wind of the president's purpos? has n^ver been revealed, but some powerful influence was responsible foi their sudden reversal " MtJbed April, 1850. ***** **** ? 1881. SI ; Warrant For Arrest of Mar tens Issued in New ! York 1 _ ! - ! SELF-STYLED AMBAS j SADOR OF SOVIETS i _ i i Secret Service Agents Regard j Martens as Head of the Red Agitators Washington. Jan. 7.?A warrant for the arrest and deportation of Ludwig C. A. K. Martins, self styled ambas sador of Russian Soviet government has been ordered executed by depart ment of justice officials. Martens is regarded by the officials as the real leader of the communist party in the United States, said to be in Washing ton. The arrest is expected soon. METHODIST LEAD ERS MEET |0ver Four Million Dollars For Home Missions Atlantic City, X. J.. ban. 6.?A comprehensive world-wide plan of evangelism was discussed at a meet ing of 100 leaders from all parts of I the United States here today. The j church,, through 'its home mission i board, has apportioned between four I and five million dollars in its 1920 j program in this country for war con struction, expansion and new church es. Another $8.000,000 will be spent in foreing fields. The total of $12. 000.000 to be used this year is already in hand. I The evangelisiic committee o:" 100 j started a drive January 1 for 1.000, | 00Q new communicants by June 1. i Bishop Edwin H. Hughes, of Boston, j is presiding, and ten other bishops j are taking part in the deliberations. ! "Nearly 60 per cent of the popula tion of the United States is un-1 churched." Bishop Hughes declared in opening the conference. "The Methodist Church lost up- ; wards of 70.000 members?last year.: This serious decrease, must be check- ! ed and rapid strides made the other j way." RUSSIAN REDS NEAR HOME Soviet Ark Buford is Passing Through Kiel Canal j Washington. Jan. S.?The soviet j aili Buford with its cargo of radicals I is about to enter the Kiel Canal, ac cording to official despatches received ! hero today. W'lvle still refusing co disclose the destination of the ship, of ficials said a very good, guess might be ventured, since the passage through i the canal had become known. It is be ! lieved the Buford will go to Riga to j discharge the radicals for transporta | tion across Livonia to Soviet Rus i sia DEPORT GERMANS CAUGHT IN RAID 1 i - !The Mongolia Sails For Ham burg With Aliens Aboard New York, Jan. 7.?Two Germans arrested in recent raids on New York Reds were deported from Ellis Island on the American steamship Mongolia, which sailed today for Hamburg. They were George Schwarzwalder and Ernest Emil Albert Heitmuller. They were taken from the island under guard and their transportation was paid by feneral agents. Isaac Shorn attorney for many aliens taken in recent raids, claimed tonight to have information that an other deportation "Ark" will sail within a few days. His information, he says, indicates thu* communists taken in the raids of the past week will not J>e included in the next, ship load because of th<-> large number of aliens who were left in detention at E'lis Island. Hartford. C'onn.. and eth er stations when accommodations on the transport Buford were insufficient. The attorney claims to have ascer tained that a bunch of "Reds" from Detroit. Port Huron and Albion. Mich., will be brought to Ellis Island this week to be held for deportation, prob ably on tho next ship. ENDORSES TREATY Democrats Score Arrogant Re publicans Washington. Jan. >:. Resolutions endorsing the Versailles treaty ;>v.<\ denouncing as unpatriotic the attitude of senators who would defeat it direct ly or by nullifying reservations, were unanimously adopted today by the Democratic national committee in ses sion here. "Arrogant" Republican leadership of 11senate was denounc ed as having earned the contempt of the world "by throttling the treaty for seven months and the senate was called upon to "quit playing politics" with the question of ratification. Tin convention city and date will be made later in the day. rod Fear not?Let mil the ends Thon AI jmter, s. c., saturd i PICKING CONVEN TION CITY! - ! Democratic National Commit-! ! tee Wili Decide Between Chi- I cago, Kansas City and San Francisco j Washington, Jan. S.?When and! j where the Democratic national con ivention will be held next summer is j to be decided here today by the Dem j ocratic committee, which is in session, i This meeting is expected to lay the j basis for the campaign issues by a res olution endorsing President Wilson ]and his stand on the peace treaty, j San Francisc o and Kansas City are I leading for the choice as the conven i tion city before the meeting begins I but the delegation from Chicago had j revived its campaign. The committee I meeting which is expected to last most i of the day will be followed tonight by j a banquet, declared by party leaders j to be the greatest of the kind in the j Party's history. I NEW RADICAL PLAN PROPOSED ! - Communists Have Proposal to "Plumb Plan" All Branch es of Industry Washington, Jan. 7 (Ey the Asso ciated Press).?A Plumb pian for all j American industry modelled after the j plan of the same name for the rail ! roads, has been prepared and is ex ! pected to be publicly announced soon, j Copies of the plan, captioned "An . Industrial Program by Glenn E. ! Plumb" are be;ng*circulated in Wash tington and some of them have come j into the hands of government offi-, j cials. Briefly the plan proposes for all J American industry the system of tri i partite railroad control advanced j some time ago with the backing of the great brotherhoods, and which j it has been announced would be j made an issue at the elections. It ! proposes practically the same division : of representation for capital, labor and ; the public. I Industry is classed into four divis ? ions in this way: j 1. Those individualistic and owner | ship and operation including the far I mer and small artisan, contractor and I manufacturer who is both capitalist, laborer and consumer, j 2. All industries "formerly individ ; ualistic. but which through organiza | tion have so developed that owner ship is separated from labor and con cerns itself only in direction and su pervision of production, in which it ? engages the efforts of others who have no share in ownership." 3. Industries "based upon a grant from society in the shape of a fran l ehise. grant or privilege or monop oly." in this division are included all public service corporations except ? those engaged in interstate commerce ! "and all industries engaged in cx : ploiting natural resources.' Those lat ter are described as including mines, gas and water power. j 1. Railroads and commercial trans ! portation facilities. The plan explains ? that these are considered separately I from the public service facilities em | braced ih the third division because j the former are ''under local control. created by local authorities and sub ject to local regulation.", The "fundamental interest" in these I industries the Plumb plan declares "is ! the need of society for the products j of that industry or the service which j it renders, that calls the industry into J being. In the first two classes where ; society has made no grant the free working of the law Of supply and de mand protects the pubMc interest." j "Public interest" is defined in the : plan as follows: ! "It is the right of the public to ob j tain better, cheaper or more products ; or service as the progress of the arts permits the making of more or better goods or service at a lower cost of pro duction. The constitution denies the ; power of the public so to exercise its power or regulation as to deprive the owner of the property of his invest ment, actually, honestly and prudent ly made, or of a fair return on such investment. If society pays more than this amount which the owner retains as a profit society pays more than it lawfully is required to pay and the owner receives more than he is law fully entitled to receive. "This." says the Plumb plan, "in troduced perpetual conflict between society in the exercise of this public regulation and the agent it has cre ated for its service." and results in "supplying luxuries and procuring greater revenues for those who bene fit in these exactions." Under the heading "Rights of La bor" the plan declares that the measure of what a workman shall re-; ceive "depends entirely upon the amount in value of service which he rentiers. He is entitled to receive an equivalent amount in value of the services of others. The wage system disregards this human right." in its conclusion the resume de clares tlic existing industrial system is crashing around our ears." that wages bear ho relation to the value <>f services rendered and that "profits are wrongufily exacted." FLOODS "IN"ITALY Arno Valley is Submerged and Many Deaths in Pisa Rome. Jan. S.?The Arno valley is flooded and many towns are isolated.! The lower pun of the city of Pisa is inundated and it is feared that lives( were lost at Cutaki. A 1 nj?T at be thy Country's, l'txj UtxTi* i 4Y, JAN Axt Y 10, 192 START FIGHT ON PROFITEERS Railway Brotherhoods Plan System of Cooperative Buy ing to Reduce High Cost of Living Washington, Jan. 7, (By the Asso ciated Press).?Failing to obtain sat ' isf^ctory relief from the high cost of living either through further wage i advances by the railroad administra ; tion or from the aati-profiteering cam I paign of the department of justice of : ticials of the four big railway brother 1 hopds and the railroad shop crafts I affiliated with the American Federa j tion of Labor have decided to seek a ? solution for themselves through co operative buying, production and dis Uribanion. The step was construed in [some quarters as indicating that de I mapds for further wage increases ! woild not be pressed pending outcome j ofjguie experiment. ! .Wie formation of the all-American ] Fajf tner-Labbr corporative commission an ; ;>u;growth of the conference was Uu^bunccd today at its offices here. Another conference will be held in I Chicago February 12-15. j Warren S. Stone, grand chief of the Rrotherhood of Locomotive Engineers land one of the organizers of the Chi i cago meeting, is general treasurer of j the cooperative commission, and oth j er officials of the railway employees j organizations are officers of the. com . ?iission. B. M. Jewell, acting presi dent of the Railway Shopmen, saw no (hope for relief in prosecution of pro j fiteers and declared the only way to j deal with an economic situation is j with economic factors. An alliance of the farmers, the or j ganized producers, on the one hand. with the laborers, or organized con ; spmers on the other, is the purpose of j the cooperative commission said Jew j ell, who is a member of the commis | sion. It aims to '"conduct a vigorous ! campaign for direct dealing between ! farm producers and city consumers ? and. as soon as feasible, between city producers and farm consumers." J "Inauguration of extensive coopera tive schemes among the railroad bro j therhoods' membership immediately {after the Chicago conference in Feb | ruary was predicted by E". W. Wills, ; leprl.sia.tive representative of the loco i motive engineers. Plans for the or ; ganization of a corporation bark, au ! thorized by the Brotherhood of Loco I motive Engineers before the war. may ? soon be pushed to completion, Mr. j Wills said and steps taken to establish cooperative stores and distribution ; facilities to supply members of the j brotherhood with necessaries of life a: j a reasonable price. Mr. Wills expressed the! belief thai ; other organizations would follow the I example of the United Brotherhood oi I Maintenance of Way Employees and I railway shop laborers, who ne said, ! recently purchased knitting and un derwear plants, a glove factory and a ! tubing concern and entered inio con Itracts with overall makers and manu ! facturers of other necessities. ! CHILD DIES FROM BURNS jGown of Little Juanita Bennett Catches on Fire I Cheraw. Jan. 7.?Sunday morning j as little Juanfta Bennett, age thir teen, was standing by the fire, her I night gown caught and burned her j badly from the knees up. She linger ed until afternoon, part of the time I conscious and suffering great pain, j when she die1. Her father und moth i er. Mr. and Mrs. j. F. Bennett, had ' their hands burned in trying to nut j the lire out. Mrs. Bennett has been j an invalid for years, and Juanita had .entire charge of her and the" baby. She was a beautiful child and had an i unusual charcter. She was devoted to going to school, but when her ! mother needed her she gave up witti j out complaining and took care of the ; home. She was buried this afternoon ; in the family burying ground in Marl ! boro. I WOMAN SUFFRAGE i ADOPTED IN KY. Both Houses Kentucky Legisla ture Pass Measure Frankfort, Ky.. Jan. 6.?Ratifica tion of Tin- federal woman suffrage ! amendment was completed by the Kentucky Legislature late this after ! noon. The House of Representatives voted 72 to 25 and the Senate 30 to 8 : to ratify the amendment. There was little debate in the lower house, but ? action in the Senate was not taken until an amendment which would , have submitted the question to rati fication to a State-wide referendum was rejected bv a vote of 23 to 1">. SAN FRANCIS CO IN LEAD frruications Are That Convention Will Meet in California Washington. Jan. S.?The delega tion working for San Francisco for the Democratic nat nal convention went into today's meeting of the na tional committee declaring they were assured they would win. The Kansas ChyVsupporters arc not so optimistic, but said thev still bad a chance. Pittsburgh. J>:ii. 8.?The national committee in charge of the steel strike met here today and went into session behind closed dotfrs. na 4tBta*fc" iU>; iKUt 0. mest c??rt"^ declares law: ; _ I I Decision on Prohibition Settles i Law as to Power of Congress i j J - I MAY DEFINE WHAT IS INTOXICATING LIQUOR ; Liquor Men Have Little Ground I Left for Continuation of Fight ? Against Law - I Washington, Jan. 5.?By a margin j of one vote the supreme court- today : upheld the right of congress to de fine intoxicating liquors, in so far as ; applied to wartime, prohibition. J In a five to four opinion rendered by Associate Justice Erandeis the court sustained the constitutionality of provisions in the Volstead prbhibi } tion enforcement act prohibiting the j manufacture and sale of bevreages : containing one-half of 1 per cent, or i more of alcohol. Associate Justices j Day, Van Devanter, McReynolds and j Ciarke dissented. j Validity of the federal prohibition j constitutional amendment and of por j tiorts of the Volstead act affecting its i er forcenient was not involved in the I proceedings, but the opinion was re garded as so sweeping as to leave little hope among "wet" adherents. In rendering the opinion, the court sustained federal court decrees dis missing injunction proceedings to en join federal authorities from prevent i ing Jacob Huppert. a New York ! brewer, from manufacturing beer i containing in excess of one-half of 1 ; per cent., but which he alleged was i non-intoxicating. I The "wets." however, received a i brief rav of hope when shortly after j wards Associate Justice Day in an I unanimous opinion .sustained the dis ! missal of indictments brought under ! the war time prohibition act against ' the Standard Brewry of Baltimore \ and the American Brewing company ! of New Orleans for manufacturing j 2.7."j beer before the Volstead act was I pr ssed. I Following, the rendering, of.todays \ opinion. Assistant Attorney General Fi Person, who has been in charge of 1 the prohibition cases in the supreme j cou:t: announced thai the department [ of justice was ready to begin prose \ cution of all persons who have sold beer since the passage last October 2S ; of the Volstead act. The names of ' persons violating the act have been ; obtained by the department and card i indexed and prosecutions, he said, ? would begin at once, j Characterizing the action of the su preme court as a "sweeping victory/' j Wayne B. Wheeler, general counsel : for the Anti-saloon league of Arneri i ca, declared in a statement tonight that the only question left open on which the liquor interests could make ; av fight was whether the ISth amend ! ment to the constitution was legally j adopted. Anti-saloon forcos. he sn''d, i had no fear of a successful attack in i that direction. The decision sustained. Mr. Wheeler said, the constitutionality of previs ions defining "intoxicating" liquors to mean any beverage, which contains J one-half of 1 per cent, or more alco ; hoi. It also sustained, he added, the power of congress to prohibit such liquor and have the law take effect at once without violating the consti tution. "The decision in the Huppert case." h<* said, "is based on the contention which we urged before congress, that ; if the congress had power to enact a law, it carried with it the power to ' ^nact a law having a reasonable re ; lation to it. to make the original act effective and enforceable. This prin i ciple applies to the permanent prohi j bition enforcement code, and it settles j its validity. j "This being true, all of the legis , lation in the States purporting to li cense wine and beer of a stronger al . coholic content will be void. "The second point in the Ruppert ease, relating to compensation, will ' have some bearing upon, the claim that liquor dealers are entitled to com pensation under the permanent code. !a the Rapport case, the court held that the Volstead act to enforce war prohibition could become operative at once. "Under the ISth amendment, one year's notice was given tor the liquor dealers when permanent prohibition would go into effect. It is clear, how ever, that the permanent code will be sustained on the reasoning set forth in the original case sustaining war prohibition. It held that seven months was a reasonable notice, and it is val id, also on the reasoning of Justice 'Brandcis in the Huppert case. "The question of compensation and the power to define intoxicating liquor is a closed question in the light of these decisions. The decision holding that the original war prohi bi'ion act only applied to intoxicating honors is of no practical value to the brewers because since October 2S it has "neon unlawful t<> sell even one half of 1 percent, beer. "About the only question !? ft open for the liquor interests now is wheth er the ISth amendment is of such a nature that it could be considered an amendment t<> the constitution and whether is was properly adopted. The first proposition is not a justifiable : ' question. We have no fear about the I -*m SOL'T?liON, Established Jans, s?W VoLXLIX. No. 43. LENINE MAKES British Officer Carrying Propos al of Bolsheviks to London SAID THAT TERRORISM WILL BE SUPPRESSED The Report of Lenine's Offer is printed In Esthonian News papers * ' I Stockholm, Jan. 7.?Lenine, the ; Russian bolshevik premier, has made ' a new peace offer to the allies, which I is being tarried to London by Col- ' ! onel Tallents, the British representa j tive in the Baltic States. Among: oth j er conditions include^ in the offer is. ' a promise to abolish terrorism and j the activity of revolutionary tribunals - i according to Esthonian newspapers. I - ? SHOULD BE AR I RESTED ALSO j Idle Rich Who Encourage Anar chists Ought to Be Behind the Bars I New York, Jan. S.?The parlor botV '. I sheviki who arc raising funds to as [ sist their comrades held on deporta ; tion proceedings must invest it ^iri j Liberty Bonds to get their friends ou,t ! on bail. Ellis Island authorities an i nounced today. The offers of cash i bail have been'refused, since the.is | land has no facilities for handling" I large sums. They will accept Lib ! erty bonds, however, and release reds j on bail as soon as the preliminary j hearings have be-'.n completed. i DEATH JLIST GROWS _. i Latest Reports From Mexico Place the Casualties at Two Thousand ?Jr Mexico City. Wednesday, ? Jan:' ! The estimated number of casualties : caused by . the earthquake Saturday I in the western part of Vera Cruz | i State still stands at two thousand or 1 more. Dispatches from the stricken. ! area do not even estimate the dam iagc done, nor give an accurate list Af ! the dead. Fragmentary advices re ceived here indicate, however, that jthe toll would mount above the first i estimate. FRENCH BOAT GOES DOWN Twenty Persons Are Drowned vA ? Near Marseilles t " S? Marseilles, Jan. S.?Twenty persons I were drowned when the ocean-goiog ! tug Lepluvier sank with all b%i j board, between Tulon and Marseilles,, ': it was learned here todav. RATIFICATIONS ON SATURDAY Germany Will Conclude Pea^e With France and England in Paris Baris. Jan. S.?The exchange &t j ratifications of\the peace treaty wlt?t J Germany will occur Saturday, it now I seems certain. The supreme council today fixed this date for the ceremony nnd decided it should be held in the j French foreign office. i ??? I II I vW.^rii^iril l.lll ??-??MOTTO? j second contention, because the ISth ! amendment was adopted in a regular : and orderly manner." New York. Jan. 5.?Another fight for 2.75 per cent, beer will be made before the L'nitod States supreme court, according to Emory R. Buck pier, who was associated with Elih-u. Root as counsel for Jacob Ruppert. against whom the United States su prenie court decided today. Mr. Roofs firm is counsel for Chris tian Feitenspan, a New Jersey brew i tng corporation, which is seeking, to \ restrain enforcement of the 18th I amendment in New Jersey. The bill of complaint in the case says that "such fact has been definitely determined and demonstrated by experience." 'p "The question whether 2.75 beer can be sold after the lsth amendment is effective must be decided in the .fu ture." said Mr. Buckncr. "Today's decision effects its status only under war time prohibition. Today's decis ion relates only to the war powers of congress. When the amendment *s effective questions will be raised not only ;;s to the validity of its passage, but also whether or not nonintoxicat ing beer can be sold tinder it." Mr. fJuckner saw a ray of hoj>e in the fad that the court was divided bit today's decision, but was not enconr :!ged by that portion of the majority decision saying that congress had power to fix a standard of alcohob'e content for the purposes of effective enforcement. He did not care to pre dict wheth. r ihis would be a con trolling precedent when the court -a me to pass on the validity..of 2.75 >cer under constitutional prohibition.