The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, November 22, 1919, Image 1
<PHSC S?MPER WATCHMAN, ?gteb>.
Oopsolidated Aug. 2,1
SENATE REJECTS
PEACE MATY
Lodge's Partisan Fight on Pres
ident Wilson Ends in De
feat of Treaty j
REFUSED TO ACCEPT
THE RESERVATIONS
Republicans Voted Against Rat
ification Without Committee
Ainendments
' > ? ._? '
Wellington, Nov. is.?Failing after
three* attempts to ratify the peace {
? treaty the senate late tonight laid it
aside, .ended the special session and i
went home.
All compromise efforts to bring rat
ification failed, the three resolutions
of ratification all going down by over
whelming majorities. The Republi
can -leaders apparently despairing of
bringing two-thirds of the seriate to
gether for any sort of ratification then
put " in a resolution to declare the war
at an end
Two of the. three ratification votes
were taken on the resolution drafted
by' the Republican majority contain
ing reservations which President Wil
son had told Democratic senators in
a letter earlier in the day would mean
^nullification of the treaty. On each
of the votes mast of the Democratic
sacpporters- of the treaty voted against
ratification. ^ ,
The first %*ote on this resolution
stood 39 for to 5 against On ' the
second vote taken after several hours
of parliamentary wrangling in which
the Democrats made vain efforts to
?win over some of the Republican
group of milu *eservationists, 41 sen
ators voted in the affirmative and 51
in the negative.
The' third vote was on a straight
jpat. ratification without reservations
'Jwhich got only 38 votes to 53 oppos
ing it. . Only one Republican, Mc
?Cumber, of North. Dakota voted with
the . Democrat inj its support.
..Republican Leader Lodge declared
today's voting constituted a final de
cision on the peace treaty unless
President Wilson circumvented the
senate rules 'i>y withdrawing it and
then submitting it 'again to the sen
?ate. In other quarters, there was
some difference of opinion, but the
general . sentiment, ..seemed to - be.
that there was only a slender chance
that . the treaty would come up at
Jh^;; beginning of the next session of
/' ife?ngress, beginning next month.
'One effect of the senate's failing to
ratify th? treaty will /be the continu
ation of various war time laws and i
regulations at least until the new j
Session opens. Among these is the
war time prohibition act.
The resolution presented tonight to
declare a state of peace will come up
at the beginning of the next session
and is expected'to start another stub
born fight The administration is un
derstood to be opposed to such a
method of legally ending the war, and
in the back ground is a constitutional
question as to whether congress can
do so by a resolution not requiring
the president's signature.
It was suggested tonight among
Democratic senators that President
Wftson might be asked during the re
cess to feel out the other powers as
to their attitude on> reservations with
the idea of bringing the treaty to j
some sort of a ratification after con
gress reassembles.
It was on a viva voce vote that
the treaty after being before the sen
ate for many weeks then was laid
aside. On Senator Lodge's motion to
take up legislative business." no roll
call was requested and the vice pres
ident declared it adopted by acclama
tion. \
Senator Lodge, after adjournment |
tonight .declared "the treaty is dead j
so far as this senate is concerned." ;
Republican leaders said the senate j
need not advise the president of, its I
action nor return the treaty to him ,
With formal notice. j
"The president may withdraw it
When the senate reconvenes," Sena- ;
tor Lodge said. "and. of course, he
can then resubmit it in the next ses-'
bIctl
"But the treaty is dead in this sen
ate and they kiled it as i told them
they would if they voted, against it."
Senator Hitchcock sa$d that the
treaty was not dead and that he pre
sumed the president would resub
mit it oil December 1, although he
had no definite word from the presi
dent to that effect. He said he thought
the Republicans had worked them
selves "into a very awkward position"
find split themselves in the senate and
the country.
The resolution of ratification con
taining the Lodge reservations was
first rejected today by the senate by
a vote of 39 for to 55 against adop
tion.
Four Democrats. Gore. Shield*,
Smith of Georpria and Walsh of Mas
sachusetts voted with 35 Republicans
for. adoption.
Democratic senators favoring rati
fication either without reservations
or with less drastic interpretations
voted against the resolution which
had been described by President Wil
son -as one of "nullification" rather
than ratification.
The negative vote consisted of 12
Democrats and 13 Republicans. The
latter were Borah. Brandegee. Fer
na!d? France. Gronna, Johnson of
California, Uno*;?La F??ette. lie
afced April, 18*0.
"Bs Just a
.881. SU
PRESIDENTMAKES
ANOTHER EFFORT
New Industrial Conference Sum
moned to Consider Busi
ness Unrest
I MEETING SCHEDULED
j FOR DECEMBER FIRST
i
-
Body Will Be Composed of Offi
cials, Business Men and For
mer Governors
t _?
I Washington, Nov. 20.?President
Wilson today appointed a new indus
trial conference and called it into ses
sion here on December 1st. It will be
composed of seventeen men, includ
ing government officials, business
n-yen, former members of the cabinet
and former governors of States, it
will carry on the work undertaken
by the national industrial conference,
which collapsed over the disagree
ment as to collective bargaining.
THE PRICE OF FLOUR
__________
IL S. Grain Corporation Says
Supply Wi_ Be Available
in Three Weeks
New York, Nov. 19.?To prove that
rumors concerning scarcity of flour
and advancing prices are baseless, the
United States Grain Corporation an
nounced today that it would enable
consumers to buy the best flour at,
lower prices.
Pure straight flour, made of the
finest wheat, will be sold by the cor
poration to the retail trade in 12 quar
ter and 24 1-2 pound packages. It
will be available in about three weeks
and the price to the consumer will be
about 75 cents for the smaller pack
age, j
Mr. Barnes said that the grain j
corporation's action "puts the solution
of one phase of the cost of living j
problem up to the consumer by mak- ]
ing it possible for the purchaser of j
flour to decide for himself whether he
will continue to pay fancy prices for
such brands or buy at a lower price
pure straight flour made from the
finest wheat."
Humors, possibly inspired -by over
zealous flour salesmen, he said, had
been current in the market from time!
to time of an impending flour short-i
age and the possibiity that the use
of substitutes would be resumed. He
declared there was no authority in
the present food regulations for re
storing war flour.
While certain grades of Hour arc
scarce, owing to the short crop of
spring wheat the total wheat crop is
918,000.0001 bushels this year against
917,000,000 last year, according to Mr.
Barnes.
Production of flour for the season
ending November 7 amounted to 52,
! 433,000 barrels against 43.1 74.000 las
year, he said. Exports have been about
the same as last year.
i "The facts are," he said, "that
stocks of flour are T.Cry large antf
production .very largo. Therefore the
wheat-director has determined to
place in the hands of the retail u*adc
in the large cities particularly, a sup
ply of flour from the immense stoeks
j of the grain corporation at normal
I prices."
; SHIP KILLS TWO MEN
i Vessel Leaves New Orleans
Ways Too Soon
?
I New Orleans,'Nov. 19.?Two men
I were killed and their bodies hurled
! into the new industrial canal here
I i;i.te today by the LaPlace, a French
; ship of the Parmenticr unsinking
j type when it accidentally slipped
i down the ways 15 minutes before the
j scheduled launching. The men. Ed
! ward S. Gray, sales manager of a sup
j t>1v; and Custave Brachazka, chief
' draughtsman of a construction, com
j Pany, were under the keel axid were
j crushed to death by the vessel.
Pritchard- Hudson.
On Wednesday afternoon at 3.30
i o'clock, at the Salem Paptist parson
I age,. Miss Beulah May Pritchard and
i Mr. Archie Hudson were united in
I marriage, Rev. E. W. Reynolds ofiL
) ciating._
i Cormick. Moses, Norris, Poindexter
j and Sherman.
j In order to put the treaty into a
I parliamentary situation where anoth
er vote could be had after efforts at
compromise, the senate then voted to
reconsider its action. The motion
was made by S rnator Reed, Demo
crat. Missouri, ami was adopted by
the vote of the Democrats and mild
reservation Republics ns.
The effort o'.'. the reconsideration
was merely to bring the committee
resolution bark to the same status it
occupied before the ratification roll
call
The vote on the motion to recon
sider was C2 to "0.
An effort by Democratic Leader
Hitchcock to have the senate adjourn
at this stage failed, the mild reserva
tiornsts lining up with the other Re
publicans a^a-in'-t the adjournment
JHQtiOG? - ?. *.
I
>ad Fear not?Left m? the end* Thon At
MTER, S. C.t SATURDJ
ALLIES IGNORE
! SENATE ACTION
i
J Versailles Treaty to Be Put Into
Effect Regardless of the
United States
!
j - -
WILL NOT MEET
GERMANS AGAIN1
_
i
i
(French Outspoken in Their
j Views?England and Italy
! the Same
! '
? Paris, Nov. 3 S.?-Regardless of the
j American government's attitude the
I peace treaty of Versailles will be
j put into force, according to the pre
j valent view here today, following the
: receipt of the report that President
j Wiison might withdraw the treaty
I from the United States senate. What
i ever happens the feeling in PYench
circles is that FTance cannbt meet
the German plenipotentiaries again
and the French opinion is that Italy
and Great Britain feel4 the same way.
MINERS REFUSE
TO OBEY ORDERS
Lewis Declares Court Did Not
"Order Men Back to .
Work"
SAY OPERATORS WILL I
.... - ? ? . .
CONSIDER DEMANDS!
Government Will Take Over
Mines Only as a Last Resort
to Save Suffering
Washington. Xov. 17.?jlhere .were
evidences of real progress today in
} the wage sc-q.le negotiations between
j ccal miners and operators of the cen
! tral competitive field, although no
meeting of the joint wage scale com
mittees was held. The conference was
postponed until tomorrow at the re
quest of the operators, who spent the
day preparing.a reply to the demands
i resubmitted Saturday by the workers.
The operators were in touch by
wire with owners not represented
here for the purpose of obtainirtg
their approval of the counter propos
als, which have now assumed definite
shape. Reports also were prepared
to show the effect that higher wages,
j taken in connection with the sus
j pension of production, would have on
i coal prices this wintef.
! Secretary Wilson does not intend
j to allow negotiations to drag, although
: he will not interfere as long as the
wage scale committees are making
headway, it was said at the depart
ment of labor.
With the nation's visible coal sup
ply rapidly diminishing, the admin
istration is deterhiined to bring about
the resumption of production with
out delay and intends to hasten the
settlement between operators u.nd
miners, it was said. Officials of the
department of labor stated, however,
that reports to the effect that the
government might take over the
mines and operate them were with
out foundation. Such action, they
said, would be taken only as a last
resort and after full discussion by the
cabinet.
Meanwhile, in behalf of the cen
tral field operators' committee, a se
ries of telegraphic reports from min
ing centers was giv?n out showing
that not a mine was operating in its
territory. Production was absolutely
at a standstill in southwestern States
the reports declared, and averaged
only about 50 per cent of normal in
Pennsylvania fields outside of what
is classed as the central competitive
field. In West Virginia, however,
production was close to normal ex
cept where held back by car short
age.
"The reports show that the court
injunction calling off the strike is
not being obeyed," said Thomas T.
Erewster, chariman of the operators'
scale committee, in the central ter
ritory.
John L. Lewis, acting president of
the United Mine Workers of Ameri
ca, met this assertion smilingly.
"The mine workers have obeyed
thn order of the court implicitly," he
sadi. "Its mandate required that
the strike order be cancelled and re
voked. That stop was taken. The
court has affirmed the rescinding or
der which was sent out. Our every
lecral obligation bos been discharged.
Again we are assembled in Washing
ton asking consideration and ;? living
warr<\"
Judge Anderson's order. Lewis si id.
did not 'order men back to work."
Helsingfors. Nov. 19.?It is re
ported here that tw< uty thousand
troops of <len. Yudenitch"s northwes
tern army have gone over to the JJoJ
pfcCTlfri.
i on
mft W be tflj Country's. Inj tiOd't I
&.Y, NOVEMBER 22, 19
COAL FAMINE
CAUSES DISTRESS
Drastic Measures Adopted to
Conserve Coal Supply
of Country
j GOVERNMENT MAY OR
DER COAL EMBARGO
i -
The Prospect of F.uelless Days
Again Confronts the Country
This Winter
Chicago. Nov.'?8.?Further drastic
steps to conserve the coal supply of
the country are in prospect today. Di
rector General Hines of the railroads
is en route here today to discuss with
the seven regional directors placing
of a national fright embargo. Re
gional Director Aishton of the North
western. Railroad District said that if
an embargo is ordered the effect
would be as far reaching as the
fuelless days during the war. It also
might result in the reduction of pas
| senger trains as much as forty per
cent.
VOTE AGAINST
PEACE TREATY
President Wilson Advises Ad
ministration Senators to Re
if
ject Lodge Reservations
PROPOSED AMENDMENTS
WILL NULLIFY TREATY
j Democrats Will Line Up Solidly
I Against the Committee Reser
I vatiens
! _
j. -^T\ "ashfngton, Nov. 10.?A letter from
President Wilson advising that admin
istration senators vote against the
ratification of the peace treaty with
the foreign relations committee res
ervations, was laid before a c'onfrence
of the administration senate forces
today by Democratic Leader Hitch
cock.
The committee program, the pres
ident wrote, would provide' not for
.ratification, but "rather for the nulli
fication of the treaty.''
1-1 The:'conference had been called to
j decide upon the final administration
j tactics in the fight for the ratification
j which is expected to come to an en .1
j today or tomorrow. After the presi
! dent's letter had been read the indi
i cations were that unless a eompro
! mise could be effected the adminis
tration senators would line up almost
j solidly against ratification.
_
j Washington, Nov. 19.?Republican
j -Lieader Lodge in a formal statement
! predicted that the senate "would not
j obey orders" of President Wilson re
i garding the treaty. Senator Lodge
? said the senate had an equal power
! and responsibility with the president
i in making treaties ,and senators, in
i his opinion, would not "obey a presi
| dent who undertakes to command the
j senate to ratify without reservations
j adopted by a large majority of the
i senate." The decision of Democrats
'? to vote against the ratification reso
j lution containing the Lodge reserva
j tions was reaffirmed at conference of
I Democrats. Senator Hitchcock said
j enough Democrats to insure its de
! feat had agreed to vote against the
Lodge resolution.
STOCK MARKET
STILL PANICKY
Prices Dropped On the Opening
Today
New York. Nov. 20.?Further liqui
dation on the opening of the stock
market today is attributed in some
quarters to the senate's rejection of
peace treaty. General Motors
dropped six points. There were de
clines of one tot wo points in oils,
steels. equipments and . shipping
stocks.
The market soon strengthened,
most stock advancing above yester
day's close.
New Orleans. Nov. 20.?The market
decline was checked and at. noon
prices were only a lew points under
yesterday's close.
SHIP IN DISTRESS
Steamer Roman Disabled Off
New York
Now York. Nov. 20.? Distress calis
wore received here by the Coast
Guard today from the shipping board
steamer Roman, which 1' Zt New York
Monday for Marseilles. The position
was given as about 350 miles cast of
L^-indy Hook.
UM Trara'a." > IH? TB?l
19.
COTTON BEARS
IN A BAD FIX
i Speculators Have Sold Cotton
For Delivery in Future at
Less Than Cost
i
] ?
i ._(
I BIG LOSSES STARING
THEM IN THE FACE
I
i 1 _ ?
i ???.
I Law of Supply and Demand Has
Been Ignored By New York
j Cotton Gamblers
i -
I Columbia, Nov. 20.?"Conditions
j will e>ist on the New York exchange
j long before the next crop comes in
j In all probability during the early
j spring that will prove extremely pain
i tul to the shorts, a . revelation to the
I trade and will result in forcing com
plete changes in the custom of handl
ing cotton on tho New York ex
change,'" says J. Skottowe Wanna
maker, president of the American
Cotton association in a statement is
sued here yesterday.
' "The. law of supply and demand can
be temporarily sweot aside, dyna
mited, bombed and ignored for a
short period. However, it is un
changeable and will in the end assert
?itself. The law of supply and de
mand is a law cf nature over which
man can have no permanent control.
To attempt to violate the laws of na
ture will bring suffering and disas
ter to the perpetrator in the end. The
laws of God grind slowly but exceed
'ngly fine.
"Any business operated without a
surplus disregards the first funda
mental of safe sound business i and
when the 'storms arise will certainly
realize that its foundation has been
built upon sand. One' of the first laws
of safe business is to have excess for
drawing on additional supplies, either
set aside in the form of surplus or
otherwise, in the time of adversity.
"The New York exchange members
having disregarded the unanimous re
port of the special- committees on
*hrce separate occasions urging the
establishment of Southern Ware
houses of certification, are today fac
ing a condition unheard of in their
previous history but certain to follow
as result of this action on their part.
The shorts who sold cotton they-, did
not have felt sure that the usual cus
tom, would prevail and that those
who had to would deliver the cotton
upon the first scare and thus enable
'hem to fill contracts. However, they
will realize when it is too late, that
they not only sold something that they
did not have, but something that does
not exists
"Today there is no commodity in
greater demand than cotton, the sup
ply will be absolutely inadequate to
the demand. If supply could be drawn
from paper cotton this condition
would not exist. Far more cotton
i than exists today has been sold by
I direct sales and by contracts on the
I exchanges. When this cotton is de
manded from whence will it come?
Cotton is a long growing plant and it
will be impossible to produce it until
the end of a full growing season: in
; the meantime, what protection will
j the shorts have? They are facing
I an absolute certainty of reaping what
I they have sown. They have sown the
wind and will reap the whirlwind. No
! longer will the wind, either in the
I form of hot air propaganda, or paper
j pellets of the brain, dislodge and
} force upon the market spot cotton,
j "Under these conditions, before the
j 1920 crop reaches the market there
! will be days that not a contract will
I he for sale on the New York ex
j change. An enormous amount of cot
j ton was sold last summer early by di
j rect contract to Europe at far lower
! prices and this cotton must be deliv
j ered. Certain firms in America sold
j an enormous amount of cotton
j through the New York exchange and
j certain large Liverpool firms have
! sold enormous amounts of. cotton in
I like manner through the New York
I exchange. These sales have been
j "^ostpened and switched from time to
? time. However, this switching can not
1 continue idontifinitely. Such switch
i ing. on account of the enormous dis
i vaunt asked, adds to the losses. Even
; were the spot holders so foolish as
to turn loose their spot cotton un
der existing conditions so as to fur
nish those , who sold cotton they do
not possess in excess of the amount
in existence, this would be a means
of saving a part of their losses: still,
even this would not relievo the bears.
"From the growing crop there is
not the remotest possibility of a pro
duction of over 6.000.000 bales of good
white cotton, with total production
under 10.000.000 bales: and. even
should the bears who will be forced
eventually to pay up their obligations
for the delivery of cotton combine
and gather the cotton from the fur
thermost parts of the earth, from
every section where, it is grown
throughout the world; still, they
?vould be unable to extricate them
oives from their predicament. They
?-ould be facing the greatest demand
?* >r raw cotton which has ever ex
ited in tho past 60 years and would
have terrific competition from the
?:-.nufacturing interests from every
action of th?? world, who would be
'??.rooring for raw cotton realizing
? -\t they would not have supply of
?*ton i" till their pressing want?
rrom eithc the cotton on hand or
*he growing crop, and that they would
?> faring the absolute certainty of
i SOPTHROfi, Eeioblisbwa rfaar. .
Vol. XLIX. No. 29,
GREAT POWERS
STANDING FAST
: England and France Will Carry
Out the Terms of the
Peace Treaty
! NOT DEPENDENT UPON
THE UNITED STATES
Will Not Accept .Any Reserva
tions Proposed By United
States Senate
j London, Nov. 19.?Great Britain
?and France are considering ? whether
j or not . they are compelled to carry*
i out the German peace treaty and op
j erate the league of nations indeperid
j entJy of the United States, pending:
a decision by the American govern
ment on its course. The opinion,
strongly prevails here that Great.
Britain will not accept any reserva
tions made by the United States sen*
ate which would necessitate the ne
gotiation of a new treaty. Z
TREATY BACK TO
STARTING POINT
Treaty of Peace in Hands of
President Wilson Where it
Was 6 Months Ago i
- \
Washington, Nov. 20.?The fate of
the treaty of peace with Germany
::d thr League of Nations, as far as^
the United States is concerned, is to
day again in the hands of President
Wilson and the situation is exactly
where it was six months ago when
the pact was submitted to- the Sen
ate. Technically, peace is no nearer
than it was on Armistice Day a ye,ar
ago. The Senate last night voted
down attempts to * ratify the treaty
j with the Foreign Relations Commit
tee reservations attached. Later, the
Senate rejected- the treaty without
reservations of any kind. After the
vote the senate adjourned sine die.;,
LETTS WIN VICTORY
Capture Immense Booty JsiX >
Bausk
London. Nov. 20.?Lettish troops,
after heavy fighting, have occupied
~ausk in Curland, southeast of Mitail.
Enormous booty left by the German
Russian forces of Colonel Berrondt -
was captured.
exhaustion of supply of cotton before
the 1920 crop became available, and
that should the IS 20 crop meet, with
favorable weather conditions or a
crop calamity, the result would prove
truly a world calamity.
"There will be a vast unfilled de
mand. Cotton based upon the price
of the manufactured article, upon the
price of other commodities and upon
the cost of production. , is the cheap
est commodity on the market today,
ft is cheaper under these conditions at
50 cents per pound today, basis mid- '.
dling. than in 1^90 at five cents a
pound.
"Profits of manufacturers have
reached such proportions that their
ability to pay for good grade cotton
has created a bullish factor of extra
ordinary potency. A profit of $100 per
bale or 20 cents a pound on the man
! ufactured goods is really moderate at
'his time. Na?*row print cloth sold
?his week on a basis that would give
the manufacturer a profit of .30 cents .
a pound or $150 a bale. Wide print
cloth sold on a basis that would pro
vide a profit in excess of 35 cents a
pound or $175 a bale. ? We find in our. 7
investigation a few cases in which
aroods of a special construction which
j for Urs reason were quite scarce. .
! are returning a profit of S4,cents a ??
j pound or $370 a. bale. The cottoti/Used
! <n the manufacture of these special
i broods is strict middling, one inch cot
j ton.
"The cotton producer, under, the or
i ganization cf the American Cotton
I association, is today able to protect.
himself. He has wisely arrauged to
' warehouse his cotton and distribute
i fho marketing of same over a pe
riod of 12 months instead of rushing
*he entire crop upon the market, re
gardless of price, in a period of three
months. For this purpose warehous
es are being established in every cot
ton county in the cotton belt, owned
i.nd conducted by the cotton produc- -
ers. operated under the State or fed
eral warehouse act. For the pur
nose of carrying this marketing over
*he full period, he has wisely decid
ed to remove 2.000,000 bales of good
trade cotton off the market and place
same in warehouse until next July or
August. In the meantime, the bal
ance of the crop will ho slowly mar
keted month by (month. In short
crop years a part of the crop will
carried to a period just prior to
he time when the new crop comes on
the market, and in full crop years,
necessary surplus will be carried <n*er
until a short crop recreates a de
mand for same that will bring a
nrofit to the producer.
"We are facing a complete change
:n the cotton industry and we
Prepare to catch step and meet tl
?hantes. otherwise, we will
.hen it is too late that the
v^rds of tonguo or pen