Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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?TEER SUMTKR WATCHMAN, Sstab Consolidated Aug. 2,1 -? < .._ TREATY? BALANCE POWER It Means Rule By the People, Declares. President Wilson , in Speech SPEAKS IN MINNEAPOLIS ON WORLD CONDITIONS Says if Governments Can't Get Together the People Will De stroy Them Minneapolis, Minn., Sept. 9.?De claring that the peace treaty would end the regime of the balance of pow er, President Wilson told a crowd in the Minneapolis armory today that the new world order set up would be to the advantage of all nations rath er than a few of the stronger. . The president's party motored from St. Paul, where he had spoken earlier in the day. He was escorted through j the Minneapolis streets between! crowds that lined both sidewalks and kept up a wave of cheering. Under the'old balance of power, *aid the president, the people never . "dared speak out" against autocracy or against the burden of armaments. But now, he continued, the people were awake and had determined that "if the governments can't get togeth er they will destroy the govern ments. ' "The people of the world," said Mr! "Wilson, "are tired of every other kind of experiment except the kind we are going to' try. The world has turned a corner that it's hot going to turn again." To destroy autocratic power, Mr. Wilson continued, was the object of the war, yet, he said, an autocratic government as cruel as that of the Czar had been set up in Russia, and the United States must see to it that there- was ho similar movement in the ??toBt? .States. '*We will brook the control of no minority .in the United States," he added. "I would as leave serve one kind of autocracy as another." ? 'Whfh Mr. Wilson said another great war would come if there were no concerted movement to preserve ftrsa^. under American leadership ?otheohe in the gallerv shouted "Amen." :<?3?3Shfe president said the league* /of nations provided for the ? destruction of autocratic power by admitting only "(self-governing nations to the league, j "Had you ever been told that be fore?" asked the president, and thsre Was ? chorus of "noes" and cheers. For another thing, continued the president, the treaty provided to sub stitute arbitration and discussion for j force and an '"absolute boycott" j against covenant-breakers. The peace! of the world, he said, would thus be J placed under constant international! supervision. "The peace of the world is every body's business," said Mr. Wilson.' 'this this is the first international j document that has recognized that i fact." That there should be disarmament and that no nation ever should again attempt annexation were furthei points in the treaty, continued the President. There were more cheers when he said it was provided furth er that no secret treaty shorn 1 be valid. Secret treaties, said the president, were a constant source of embarrass ment at Versailles. Yet. he continued the v.ar had been fought on the prin ciple of the sanctity of treaties, and it was impossible to disregard the secret agreements. Finally, said Mr. Wilson, there was! in the treaty a great bill of rights j for labor, establishing.an international, labor organization to keep up labor j standards. j Of course, the president said, the j United States was "at liberty" to stay out of the league, but asked whether j it would be better to "go in as trust- : ed partners or stay out and act as \ suspected rivals." "We've got to be either provincials or statesmen: we've got to be ostrich- j es or eagles." said the president, add ing that he meant by ostriches those j who submerged their thinking appa-1 ratus in the sand " j Mr. Wilson covered in his address many of the. points previously dis cussed during his trip. "We must realize in this broad j country of ours." said the president. ( "the fact that the world is in rev olution. I do not mean in active rev olution. I mean that it is in a state of mind that may bring* about! the dissolution of government if w<* do not bring about a 'world settle-, jnent. , "The great peoples of the world j hfve been asleep, but Oed knows the; other nations have not been asleep. There was no place in the world where they dared to speak out. and now the catastrophe has come. Blood has "been spilled in rivers and nations have been destroyed and they made up their minds that ratber than have this happen again it" the governments ran not get together they will destroy the governments. "But in the meantime look at the things that are happening. There is not a day roes by that my heart isn't heavy to think of the things the peo jd'? in Russia are doing. They are without form, and without order, and the danger is to the world We must absolutely look to it that in this coun Afcad April, 18&6. ,881. 81 (Two Men and One Boy Killed in i j Disturbance?Guards Have Hands Full I ? >.' j MACHINE ?UN IS USED j IN SCOLLAY SQUARE ! ' j Several Wounded by Fire After J Cavalry Charges i Crowd? j Mob Still Beyond Control j Boston) Sept. 10.?Two men, and a ; boy were killed tonight in turbulent ! riots growing out of the police strike. There were numerous injuries of a minor nature to members of mobs, police officers and State Guardsmen. The most serious disturbances were in the vicinity Of Scollay Square and South Boston. . Cavalrymen charged the crowds and a machine gun was used, one man being killed and sev eral wounded by its fire. At a late hour the mob was stilj uncontrolled. Property damage was slight com pared to that inflicted by the wild rampage of hoodlums last night. One of the most serious elements in the complicated outlook was the pos sibility of - sympathetic strikes by la bor unions which have declared their support of the policemen's union. Like the patrolmen's organization, most of these unions are affiliated witV*. the American Federation of Labor. The State branch of the federation, at its annual convention in Green field toddy, instructed all Boston un ions to vote tomorrow night on the question of action to back up the, po licemen. Scollay Square was thronged all day and well into the night. The crowd early became riotous and cav alrymen were sent to disperse it. The mob surged in and out of the Square. Shots were fired and an un identified man was killed. A woman was wounded in the arm, a middle aged volunteer policeman was so badly beaten up that he was re-! moved to a hospital and three cav-j alrymen were hit over the head by j pottles and other missiles and also | Were given hospital treatment. Af ler i infantry, reinforcements arrived the j square was finally cleared. The South Boston district which j was so turbulent last night was con- j sidered one of the worst danger spots and a large force of troops was j thrown in there early in the night, j For some time they held in check the j mobs of polyglot residents of the! peninsular section but late at night conditions were so menacing that a machine, gun crew was rushed over j ro aid them. So fierce was the resistance of the angry crowd to the efforts of the! Guardsmen to preserve some sort of i order that guns were leveled and the I machine gun was put fn position. All sorts of missiles were hurled at ! the guardsmen. A shower of stones j -:o endangered the soldiers 'ha* the' machine gun crew were ordered to | fire. One man was k'.V^ ;i and several i wounded. Windows w?*re broken in different parts of the city but there was little , looting. It was noon today when Mayor Peters assumed control of what was left of the police department and call- i ed upon the commander of the Tenth Regiment of the State Guard to as-! sist him in preserving order. At the same time he asked Governor CooHdge Jor additional troops from outside the j city. The governor immediately call ed out the Fourth Brigade, compris ing men from cities and towns in the Metropolitan district, and this even ing ordered out the Fourteenth In fantry from the Cape and the Twen tieth Infantry from Western Mas sachusetts. 'Boston also furnished a motor transport corps, a troop of cav alry and an ambulance company. This force was believed sufficient to cope with, the situation immediately resulting from the strike of police last night, but the threat that sympa thetic strikes might he declared by the city firemen, street car men, tele phone operators and electrical work ers and other organized bodies afliliat try that form of government of a minority of men shall not be set up here and elsewhere. ' We have either got to be provin cials or statesmen. We have either got to be ostriches Or eagles. The ostrich is being overdone ail aroir.d. I see gentlemen bury their heads in something and think that nobody sees that they have submerged their think ing apparatus. That is what 1 mean ry being an ostrich. Now what 1 mean by being an eagk?I need not de scribe it. I mean leaving live m;s?s lying close to thf? ground, getting uon strong winds, into those spaces where you can see all the affairs of maukmd. all the affairs of A morica, seeing how th world appears. "This is an effective covenant. It is ca''i<'<! out by the attitude of the frfehn-an who went into one ?;f :':ose antique institutions, known as the sa loon, and saw two men fighting in th<? corner. He went to th<^ bartender and said, 'is this a private fight or can anybody get in?' "In the true Irish spirit we are I abolishing private fighting and mak a taw of mankind that it i<? ev erybody's business and everybody can iget in and consequently there will be ' no attempts at private fighting.*' tnd Fear not?Let an the ends Thou AJ JMTER, S. C, SATURD j. GREAT PARADE jTwo Million People Line Fifth Avenue to Watch First j Division Pass i j WOUNDED VETERANS GIVEN PLACE OF HONOR j Climax of Welcome Reception j to . the Commander of the j Over Seas Army New York, Sept. 10.?The climax ! to, Gen. Pershing's reception was j reached with the parade of the First i Division, with Gen. Pershing at its j head, down Fifth Avenue. The crowd I was estimated at two millon. Gen. ! Fershing rode Captain, the finest po lice department horse in place of his own mount ''Kidron," which was held in quarantine. Places of honor along the line of march were given to the woundedof The First Division who I exceeded'the number of marchers. KOLuMMCES I UTTER DEFEAT \ I - ! Bolsheviks Announce Capture of Twelve Thousand Prisoners EXPECT SOUTHERN ARMY TO SURRENDER SOON The Only Strong . Force Oppos ing I^nine in Danger of Dis-j integration London, Sept. 11.?A Bolshevik dis patch from Moscow claims the cap ture of twelve thousand prisoners from Admiral Kolchak in the Aktubind Skcrsk region and the surrender of the remainder of Koichak's southern army is expected. TROOPS ON GUARD IN BOSTON Five Thousand Militia Take the Place of Policemen /Boston. Sept. '.11.?Three persons wore killed, a score injured in the three days' rioting following the po licemen's strike. State troops who have volunteered as policemen, num- j bering five thousand .are under or- j ders to restore orderly conditions even j if it * is necessary to fire into the j crowds. LootV-g and disorder sub- J sided after the first clash of the mob j with the military in which two riot- i ers were killed and several wounded, j The city is approaching normal con ditions today. ed with the American Federation off Labor was not lightly regarded. Ac-1 cordingly Governor Coolidge sent j word to the mayor tonight that he j stood ready to supplement the State guard by an appeal to the president for regulars. Though net technically under mar tial law, the city Was in complete ? control of State troops under the di rection of the mayor. By nightfall the first sentries had made their ap pearance and they were added to I rapidly as out of town regiments ar- ; rived. Brig. Con. Samuel Parker es- j tablished headquarters ;a the south I armory. i General Parker, after a conference j with Mayor Peters, coordinated the military, the few faithful policemen j and the volunteer forces, numbering; about 700. He nlaced guards through- j out the ei*" uid held in the armories ! units that could be rushed to threat- j ened points in motor ears. Adjutant General Jesse F. Stevens. in an- j nouncing that the military forces were j under command of General Parker. ! said that the latter was responsible j to the mayor alone and that the an- j thority of the State stopped with the ! calling out of troops. A wave of public indignation against the eity and State officials! followed the excesses of last night, when the city virtually was aban- j .doned to hoodlums. From the gov-, ernor's office came an implied re- j b?ke in the statement that the gov- ; ernor had been ready for two days! to meet reoucst for assistance from the mayor. Mayor Peters in a state ment accused the governor of try-! m*-r to place upon him ;?. responsibil ity that rested with Police Commis sioner Curtis, an appointee of the governor. The mayor said Curtis had, assured him that the aid of ihe S*ate guard was not needed and that he. the mayor, had no authority to rail for troops unril disturbances had actually occurred. For some reason not yet explained the volunteer po licemen were not called out until this moaning, with the result that Wt Ml? U17 Uonntrj'?, IB j God'a I AT, SEPTEMBER 13, 1 STIEL WORKERS THREATEN STRIKE I r ! j Representatives of Workers De ! clare Conditons Are Becom ing Worse Each Day i . ? ;MANY TELEGRAMS SENT TO PRESIDENT WILSON i % jUnion Leaders Ask For Early J Conference With the Com |4 psmfs Offi ials. -. Washington, Sept. 20..?Declaring that conditions in the steel industry are becoming worse and that it will be impossible to restrain the men I from striking much longer, represen ! tatives of the workers here doday sent f telegrams to President Wilson asking for information as to the prospects for an early conference with the com pany officials. Union leaders said they would remain in session forty eight hoUrs for the president's re I ply before taking final action. WHAT AMERICA ! WOULD LOSE Rejection ?f Treaty or Abbre viation as Lodge Plans Spells Disaster [RATIFICATION OF TREATY ! WOULD END UNREST i j Minority Report Accuses Repub licans ui Delaying Treaty U> Without Cause Washington, Sept. l!.?Rejection or alteration of the peace treaty by the United States would result in the loss by this country of the concessions gained from Germany at Versailles, according to the minority report of the senate foreign committee, which was filed today. , ^ The report urged the speedy ratifi cation of the treaty without ^amend ments or reservations,1 and accused the majority of the committee of delay ing the report, which could, have ; been made last; July. It also declar 1 ed that early signing of the treaty .vonId help restore order and end un rest. The league of nations organizes the world for peace, said the report, and establishes the principle of arbitra tion in international disputes, by giv ing the parties to any controversy nine months for adjusting their dis agreemets in an amicable manner. Economic advantages gained by the United States through the treaty and the difficulty in forcing Germany to sign a separate peace are also empha sized. PERSHING LEAVES FOR WASHINGTON Gen. Pershing Attended Final Receptions in N. Y. New York, Sept. 11.?Gen. Pershing attended the final reception luncheons and mass meeting of the American Legion prior to his departure for Washington, where he will head a parade of the First Division tomor- 1 row. STORM IN CUBA Seven Reported Killed and Great Damage Done at Habana _- i Havana. Sept. 11.?The storm is] reported to he abating. t Seven are j dead and thousands of dollars jvrcp- j erty damage is the result. Washington. Sept. 11.?The looting! of the American embassy at Petro- i grad by Polsheviki ha? been confirm- ? e<] by the Shite department. The j official records were saved. throughout the night the city was j virtually at the mercy of the mobs. j Exact figures of the damage done ! could not he had because of the- ib- ! ?vmee of the usual police inspectors, j Superintendent of Police Crowley es- ! timated that the monetary loss; roughly was $300.000. Scarcely a district in the oity f::ile<l ? ch.:s morning to show evidence of lawlessness. In some instances trucks were backed uj> to stores whose windows h;id been smashed and deliberately loaded with loot. Numberless per-' sens were robbed. Pice games for varying stakes were boldly opened in the streets and on Boston Common, where rvrofessional gamblers found men with money. THE TB?1 919. LODGE REPORTS i PEACE TREATY I _ I Foreign Relations Committee Submits Recommendations I for Important Reservations BATTLES FOR ADOPTION TAKE PLACE NEXT WEEK Republicans Lined Up For Parti san Fight Against the Peace Treaty Washington, Sept 10.?The German peace treaty, and its league of nations covenant, with reservations, was re ported to the senate today by the for eign relations committee, a majority of whose mem beys opposed ratifica tion in the form submitted by Presi dent Wilson. * Immediately after it was presentd by Chairman Lodge, two months to the day from the time the president laid it before the sen ate, Senator Hitchcock, of Nebraska, ranking Democratic member'of* the committee announced that the mi nority report urging ratification with out amendment or reservation, would be filed tomorrow. The fight over ratification will be j gin Monday, Chairman Lodge an nouncing that the treaty would be j taken up then and kept continuously j before the senate. i First will come the effort to amend' j .he treaty, and then the fight for re j servations. mild or strong. Leaders of the administration forces j continued to predict today that treaty j with the league covenant would be i ratified in its original form. Republican leaders declared, how ever, 4hat if put to a vote now the league would be rejected by the sen ate. Efforts to reach some agree ment on the question of the reserva j tions meanwhile are being made. The formal report ofvthe majority I was presented with as little formal I ity as if it had been a bill to carry on j the routine work of the government j There was a larger attendance on the J floor than usual, however, indicating I the interest in the . forthcoming bat ! tie.' On the heels of its presentation. Senator Kenyon, Republican, of Iowa, in whose State President Wil sen made an address in support of the league covenant. launched an at j tack upon it and declared the ? cve j nant never could be adopted as it now stands. The big crowd in the j galleries broke forth into applause as the Iowa senator concluded. one woman standing up and waving an umbrella in great excitement. There were many references to I the treaty in later debate, and to morrow Senator Harding, of Ohio, a Republican member of the foreign relations committee, will speak against ratification. [ The majority' report, accompanying the treaty, contained 45 amendments to the treaty and four reservations to the league covenant. Two of the amendments promise to be the sub ject of prolonged debate, as they would award Shantung province to China instead of temporarily to Ja pan and would provide that the Unit ed States have a vote in the league assembly equal to that of Great Britain. Some indication of the majority feeling ort these points was given to day by Senator Kenyon, who declar ed that had the league- covenant not been interwoven with the treaty the Shantung and voting clauses would have been the only things standing in the way of speedy ratification. The other principal amendments re ported would prohibit the United States from having representatives on reparation commissions. The other amendments deal with phraseology. The chief fight is expected to be over the four reservations to the league covenant. They are: The right of the unconditional withdraw al of the United States from the league, refusal to assume foreign ter ritorial guarantees or mandates with out sanction of congress under Ar ticle 10; exclusive action in domes tic and political affairs, and interpre tation of the Moneroe doctrine solely by this country. There will be no <-.-?crot consideration of the treaty by the senate. It will be discussed and disposed of in open session. Chairman Lodge so announcing today in reply to an inquiry from the vice presi dent. Tn urging members on the Demo cratic side ' to come out of the valley of stubbornness." Senator Kenyon de-i dared in his address taoday there; were votes enough in the senate to: ratify the treaty with substantial; reservations. : "They :ire not here to ratify it, without." he said. j "The votes are here to defeat the i whole treaty, regardless of conse-! r;uences, if substantial reservations ? are not adopted. Make no mistake! about that: It can not be ratified and will not be unless reservations are; adopted subjetantiattty like those pre-' sented by the foreign r^latiows com trnttee. Abuse and viHittcation ?ven from the highest sources of th?? land ; will not change the minds of men! who have given long, conscientious.; eeep thought to this subject and be-j tfAve thai ratification in the present; f'.rm of lh* league of nations is a be-i trayal of this country. Tn standing for reservations theyj are not standing against any plan to' B SOUTHRON, EHrtM^W* tau, ?4M VoLXLIX. No. 9. PEOPLE MUST j DECIDE ISSUE (President Places Peace Treaty Problem Clearly Before Them ? iSAYS WORK OF SOLDIERS i HAS NOT BEEN FINISHED j Opposition to Treaty May Ren i der Their Sacrirlces in Vain I and Cause Another War On Board President Wilson's Special Train, Sept. 10.?To a crowd which surrounded his private car today at > Mandan. N. D., President Wilsor\ de- f clored a week of travel in the heart cf the country had convinced him that the nation stands together for an international guarantee oft peace. "I am glad to get out to seo the real folks," he said, "to feel the touch ! of their hands and.know as I have come to know, how the nation st?nde j together in the common purpose to j complete what the boys did who var \ ried their guns with them over the I sea. "We may think that they finished I that job, but they will tell you they did not, that unle?3 we see to it that peace is made secure they will have the job to do over again and we in the meantime will re^t under a con stant apprehension, that we may have to sacrifice the flower of bur youth again. '/The whole country has made up its mind that that shall not happen and presently, after a reasonable time is allowed for unnecessary debate, we will get out of this period of doubt and unite the whole force and in fluence of the United States to steady the world in the lines of peace. And I it will.be the proudest thing and finest j thing that America ever did. Shf? v j was born to do these things and now she is going to do them." V The speech was cheered by the J crowd, which included many Indians. Then a woman called out: "Where is Mrs. Wilson?" and the others toofe-iip^- v ? theory pereistentlj'^mtii liie'f^sl" T39y ' ~ cf the land apeared. There were .cheers for her and the president as the train pulled out. Ten points in the peace treaty were defined by President Wilson tonight las the fundamental principles on j which he is asked its acceptance by ! the United States. ! Biding westward into Montana' at : the end 6f the first week of his speech 'making tour the president made no j stop for a night address but instead - ; made known through the --ewspaper* { correspondents the platform he de I sires to place before the people . in j his plea for the treaty's acceptance/A ! few hours earlier he told a crowd ?t y. Mandan, N. D., that his week of travel had convinced him that the people were for the treaty. The ten points in which he epitom izes the treaty provisions are as fol ! lows: j 1. The destruction of autocratic ; power as an instrument of industrial j control admitting only self govern j ing nations to the league, i 2. The substitution of publicity dis- v i cussion and arbitration for war using ! the boycott rather than arms, i 3. Placing the peace of the world j under constant international oversight ; in recognition of the principle that ] the peace of the. world is the legiti mate immediate interest of every 'state. '< 4. Disarmament. i B. The liberation of oppressed peo j pies. 6. The discontinuance of annexation I and the substitution of tvnr.reeship : with responsibility to the opinion of I mankind. i 7. The invalidation of all secret ' treaties. 8. The protection of dependent neo ! plf?S. 0. High standards of labor under j international sanction. 10. The international coordination ! of humane reform and regulation. At a number of other short stops ! during the day Mr. Wilson came out ! on the rear platform to shake hands, but on the whole it was a day of rest ! while his train sped westward, across j the North Dakota plains. The only !set speech during the day was. at Bis ' marek. the State capital, during a two [ hour noonday stop and for the first j time since he left Washington a week ! ago there was no night address. '! BANDITS CAPTURE |; MORE AMERICANS Washington. Sept. 11.?It is re i ported Mexican bandits have captur ed three Americans and blown up a train between San Luis Potcsi and Tampieo. carry out the terms of the Paris con ference: they are not contemptible quitters, nor are they mere time sav ers. They are trying to Americanize this league. They may reply to pres idential hillingsgate. to the charge of contemptible quitters,* that the most contemptible quitters in the history of the world are those who as sembled with high ideals at the Par is conference and permitted Japan to take over Shantung in violation of some of the 14 points and in viola tion of the doctrine of self-determina tion and in violation of God's. eternal,' justice."