Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Forecast of Future Policies in Address to House of 6? . ; r1 . Commons ?? THREE DEPARTMENTS OF GOVERNMENT ^nmetMinister Explains Legis lation Necessary Under New Order of Things London, Aug. 18.?In a. three hours' speech in the house of "commons in which he dealt with Great Britain's domestic affairs generally, David -* Lloyd George, the British prime min ister, today disclosed three important decisions of the government. Two of these had been widely discussed and the government's purpose with regard to them was anxiously awaited. One of the decisions that the post -war plan of ultra protection, under ; which imports were limited to those ^gjsocled. special licenses by the board ' of .trade?, will be abandoned Septem ... ber,-l, and the putting into effect of ' measures to prevent "dumping." The second decision was the rejec ;_,tion of the majority report of Justice Sankey's coal commission which * o . Tided for. the gradual nationalization * ol coal mines, and in its stead launch , lag a plan for partial government con trol by which the government will 'buy .out the owners of coal lands who ''?receive .royalties from mining com panies* give the miners a share in the . control of the mines, organize the mines 'into districts and establish a fund for improving the living condi ,iions {of miners. ? Under the third decision the gov ernment will embody a bill r. com nuinKtion for a ju>t industrial c in. eilof employers .and employees and hori week and a liv-ng wagt? applying to nearly all industries. During his address the premier placed responsibility for the delay in making peace with Turkey upon the United States. Great Britain, he said, desired to know how far the United States was prepared to assume her jshare.iii guaranteeing the protection r,of'jj,people under the former Turkish .yioke^.and while awaiting this, infor mation" Great Britain had occupied Turkish territory. ? Mr. Lloyd George used strong Words in dealing with necessity for the pro footers of the league of nations to show good, faith by reducing arma zr.ents. He said that those who be lieved most in the league of nations niusl'trust 'it most, and the rest would foUow them. . Great Britain was ready to, reduce armaments as a first condi tion . of real economy in world arma ments and if all other countries also "*ere_ ready economy would result. If the nations increased their arma r meats, the premier declared, the league of nations would be a mere - sham and a scrap of paper. The. premier dealt at length on the economic, situation, the war he said cost Great Britain 40,000,000,000 pounds, and an outstanding fact at the .present situation was an alarm ing adverse trade balance of 800,000, 00*'* i*cund8. The national debt, he poinied out, had grown from 641. OpO^OOO pounds to 7,800,000,000 pounds. 7'We can not prosper." said Mr. Lloyd George, "we can not even exist "WiThout recovering and maintaining our'international trade. We bring up thV* trade balance, adding to our ex ports,, and lessening our imports. , . . In every direction we are spending more and are earning less. We are consuming more and we are producing less. These are facts. It can not last.;" .The premier declared that Great Britain could never improve econom ic matters until there came an increase in^r?duetion. "There is no other al ternative, "he exclaimed, "except- quit ting the country for which we fought " for four years," The .occasion for the speech of the premier was the closing of the sum mer, session of the house of commons. While Mr. Lloyd George spoke with his" old time fire, held the attention of the .house and frequently gained its appla?se he really was speaking on the defensive for his government is under remarkable bombardment from a large majority of the newspapers which are charging it with enormous extravagance under headlines such as-"The Road to Ruin." Lord Robert Cecil, Great Britain's sponsor for the league of nations fol lowed Mr. Lloyd George with emotion regarding the league. "It toould be better to scrap it al together said Lord Roberts," unless the government means to work as a un'ty.. .L am.not satisfied with the at titude of some of the officials and the spirit Of the bureaucracy toward it. The need for assisting Armenia, Lord Roberts continued, was over whelming. "To take away the British troops," he safd.Vmeans to condemn these un happy people to extinction; the rem uants of them will be slaughtered al most to the man, woman and child. If ther^e is any competition between help for Deikine (the anti-Bolshe vik commander in southern Russia) and help for Armenia, Armenia surely had ' the first claim." The Laboratories sharply criticized the government's coal mining propos al and its failure to nationalize coal ?mines. William Brace, labor leader for South Wales Miner's Federation, describes the government's plan as j "the establishment of a glorified com-1 toiningr.*'" Washington, Aug. 20.?Thomas D. Cuyler; chairman of the Association railway executives, urged the return of the roads to private ownership be fore the house commerce committee and also that they appoint a federal transportation board with regulator Secretary of War Baker Ex plains to Senate Committee Need of Strong Force LARGE MILITARY BILL IS UNDER DISCUSSION Measure Was Framed 3y Army Officers With the Approval of the , War Department Washington, Aug. 18.?Secretary Baker defended today before the sen ate sub-committee on military affairs his recommendation for an army of 576,000 men by saying that in view of the "disturbed conditions in the world" he did not wish the responsi bility of asking for a small force. Secretary Baker indicated several times that the bill as presented in cluding its provision for compulsory universal military training for 19 year old youths was that of military ex perts rather than his own, although it had his approval. He said that his own "guess" was that an army of ?576,000 was perhaps somewhat larger than necessary, but that he did :;ot wish to take the responsibility of op posing the opinion of the country's greatest military men. Regarding the provision for main tenance of three divisions in the insu lar possessions the secretary admitted that the force appeared to him some what large and agreed to the sugges tion of Senator Wadsworth of N?iW York that native troops might be used to advantage. The senator had re marked that at present it seemed that every American soldiers kept in the Philippines wz.s there somewhat in th* nature of a "hostage of faith." The secretary also considered as worth while a sugestion that a part of the youth of the country might be given the opportunity for nav.il train ing, possibly as a substitute for tlie training he otherwise woftild receive in the army. The ^interrogation of the secretary offered the opportunity for securing his opinion on the proposed establish ment of an air ministry. Senator New, of Indiana, presented arguments for the separation of the. military and aeronautics but he was frank in his decision of the opinion that it woule make for efficiency. Difficulty would be experienced, Mr. Baker said, in maintaining the proper coordination tinder separate heads and if a more adequate air service is de sired, he sugested it would be more practicable to utilize the existing mil itary organizations. Another reason given by the secre tary for oposing a centralization of aviation was that it would tend to dis courage competition in the develop ment of aerial appliances. *? Aviation, he said, is yet so new that all the in genuity and inventions that can be had are needed. He also explained to the committee the difficulty an air j ministry would have in handling its pi flots when separately trained, indicat ing the necessity from the pyint of the military men of having the air men so drilled with the army men that there would be the least possible chance of failure when it came .to co ordination. The testimony devolved that the ?United States has now 10,718 air planes of which, however, only 3,328 are service planes. The major part of the present equipment now i=i obso lete but it was asserted by the .secre tary, the types are better than any in Europe. An equalization ot those types coupled with the expense in pro duction that has been had would, he believed, serve to save much .ime if iti should again become necessary to; bring that branch of the Service to a, War basis. The secretary said that if the gov ernment wished to develop *.h<? air in dustry either for commerce or for| war purposes the solution was simply ?merely spend the money to buy! more planes. FIRE DAMAGE IN | WINSTON-SALEM j Nisson Company Have Half Million Loss WinstohV Salem. Aug. 20.?Two buildings of the George Nisson Com pany, with a quantity of lumber and wagons were burned today. The loss is estimated at about $500.000. ARMY FOOD SALES Has Not Received As Many Or ders As Anticipated The food sales conducted at the lo cal postoffice are much slower than predicted by the authorities here. The postmaster states that the sales on Wednesday and today are much small er than the previous days. This morn ing a communication was received j from the war department stating that j the parcel post rates on food farth er trorn the zone office than tlv 2nd zone would be the same as the 2nd j zone. In other words the rates for Sumter will be 5 cents for the first pound and one cent for each addtion j al pound instead of six cents for the ?first pound and 2 cents for each ad ditional pound. As yet no word hns been received concerning the sale of blankets. LYNCING IN NORTH CAROLINA Henderson. N. C, Aug. 21.?Walter Elliott, a negro, was lynched follow ing an attack on a farmer's wife. Wickersham Says fc> Follow the Example of the Framers of the Constitution HE SAYS THE TREATY SHOULD BE AMENDED i Would Avert From America the Reproach of Depriving World of Bright Hope -*r Washington, Aug. IS.?Former At torney General Wickersham, in a statement issued through the lague to 1 enforce peace today, called upon the Senate to ratify the peace treaty w?h the league of nations covenant and j then prepare to perfect the document | by amendment through the assembly j and council of the league, in the same manner as he pointed out. the framf-rsi of the constitution provided for its amendment by the states. Critics of the constitution, Mr. Wick-! ersham declared in his statement, op posed it because it did not contain a bill of rights protecting the liber ties of the states and the people and the concurrence of some states?not ably New York and Massachusetts? was secured only by promise that steps would be taken for early amend ments to remove the objections most strongly urged. The first congress, the former Attorney General recalled, re deemed these promises by submitting the first ten amendments, which have been characterized as a bill of rights. "The delegates to the peace confer ence in Paris, declared Mr. Wicker sham, "followed the examples of the framers of the constitution of the United States by incorporating into the covenant of the league of nat^ns a provision for its amendment by vote of the members of the league whose representatives composed the council?now nine ii number and by a majority of the members whose representatives compose the assembly. "Let the senate ratify the treaty and thus avert from America the reproach of depriving the world of the great hope, the radiant promise of a world allied for the preservation of peace. Then let those measures for improve ment of the instrument, for the bet ter safeguarding of the national tra ditions and institutions of America, formulated by the senate, or by both houses of congress and transmitted to American representative in the assembly and in the council of the league of nations with instructions to present and press them for adoption as amendments to the covenant. "Has not the time come for action inspired by the wisdom and the ex- j ample of the framers and those who promoted the constitution of the Unit ed States?" The covenant, Mr. Wickersham de clared, very carefully avoided any undue encroachments upon the sover eignty of any of the states which may become members of the league, and added that its framv-rs obviously rec organized it as a great exp-eriment. Opposition to th# covenant, except from those who reject it entirely, the former attorney general declared, had been reduced to a half dozen points ; -which could be handled in the way ; suggested and he expressed the opin ion that the prestige ard power of America are so great that it scarcely can be doubted that any amendments thus recommended would fail of adop tion save for the demonstrably con vincing reasons." WILL RACE FOR AMERICA'S CUP Sir Thomas Lipton Getting Ready For Fourth Race London, July 21.?Since his return to London from America, Sir Thomas Lipton has set about the task of com pleting his arrangements for next year's contest for the American Cup in earnest says the Yacht World. The most important decision so far arriv ed at, Sir Thomas told a writer in that periodical, is to send the 23-metre Shamrock to America early next year to act as a trial boat in the tuning-up spins of the challenger, Shamrock IV. Asked who would have charge of the British boaf. Sir Thomas replied W. P. Burton has consented to sail the chal lenge in the race for the American Cup, and also take charge of the 23 metre Shamrock. "Naturally, he will have his own professional skipper." Sir Thomas added. "Mr. Burton will also be re sponsible for engaging the crews of j both boats, and, in fact, he will b^ in entire charge of the whole of the trials and the actual races on the i other side. Charles Nicholson, her designer, is going over at an early date for the pnurpose of thoroughly exmining Shamrock IV. "Yu> you think any alterations arej !*:ke'y to te made in her?" Sir Thom as was f.sked. "That is a matter which I am leav ing entirely with Mr. Nicholson's judgment. Many experienced yacht-j men are of the opinion that Sham-1 rock IV is far and away tin- best boa: I have ever had to represent me in this great contest." "If you lose this time, will you challenge again?" "1 have the greatest hopes that Ii shall be successful in this my fourth) attempt to bring back tin- cup, but | if 1 am not successful I can only say \ that I sball give .Mi-. Nicholson an j order to build another boat." CAVALRYMEN ON HOT TRAILS Marfa, Texas. Aug. 21.?American troops have picked up a hot trail of : the Mexican bandits. < President Wilson Gives Inside Information to Many Senators EXPLAINS IN DETAIL LEAGUE OF NATIONS Covenant Does Not Require United States to Protect Other Nations Washington, Aug. 19.?President Wilson, interpreting the league of nations covenant today for the senate foreign relations committee, declared it imposed no legal obligation for the 'use of American military forces in protecting territory in any nation. But he added that the covenant might involve in certain circum stances an absolutely compelling mor al obligation which might even be stronger than a legal promise. Pressed for a more exact definition by committee members who insisted that the whole arrangement., 'was "a rope of sand" he asserted than on the contrary he considered it as placing the nations in '.'an attitude of com radeship and protection," which would compel respect for the principles of justice and liberty. Meeting the committee in a round table discussion in the eastern room of the White House, in contradiction to the precedents of more than a cen tury And with the whole nation lis tening through the medium of a re lay of pubMc stenographers, the Pres ident went into many of the details I of the peace negotiations and touch ed on all the hotly debated questions I which have divided the senate in its I consideration of the treaty. Article 10 of the covenant guaran ; teeing the integrity of the league mem t bers against aggression, he declared would Veave to each nation "complete freedom of choieo as to the applica tion of force." uven if the American representative on the council joined in unanimous recommendation for mil itary action thefinal decision for peace or war must rest as far as concerned the Unitetd States, with Congress, he said. Whatever advice the council gave under its authority to take such ac jtion as is "deemed appropriate" must I also be deemed approriate by the United States to be binding on this government, he argued .though in th* background which would be such a potential moral force that he doubt I ed if the nation would often decline to act. ! The President revealed that Japan's promise to return Shantung province ,to China was reduced to writing in the minutes of the peace conference. He asserted that he had "every con fidence" that the promise. would be carried out and told the senators it was "the best that could be got" out of the negotiations, Japan ha ing giv en notiere she would withdraw from the conference if her demands were refused. The American delegates, he said, had tried to keep the nation free from obligations in European affairs "so far as it was honorably possible to do so." but he asserted, that it might be necessary to keep some American troops' in the Rhine district under treaty for the next 15 years. He declared the nation would be its own sole judge whether its obliga tions bad been fulfilled under the dis puted withdrawal clause of the league covenant; that purely domestic ques tions were safe from the league's in terference an,', that the Monroe Doc trine was clearly preserved. The league, the President explained, was built on the plan 1 of General Smuts of South Africa. Mr. Wilson revealed that he had suggested the T'nited States take no part of the German reparation but had asked that the conference reserve disposition of the German Pacific is lend of Yap on a sugestion that it was needed for an American naval sta tion. Some of.the senators' questions the President declined to answer on the ground cf international policy. How the American delegation siood on Japan's proposal for a racial equality clause lit the league covenant he said he could not disclose "in the interest of international good standting" and for the same reason he said he could not go into the negotiations over the French frontier or give the commit tee a copy of the record of Japan's Shantung promise. Army Knlistmonts. A veteran of the regular army or gnriiaztions ran be accepted for en listment in his original organization und^r the authority of Circular 230 W. D. Applicants must present an honorable discharge from the organ ization they wish to enter, must make their application before December 21, 1919, and cannot have dependents that would -entitle them to a family! allowance under the War Risk In surance Act. The enlistment can be for one or three years .but the or- J ganization must lie within the conti-! nental limits of tie- [Tnited States. Any veteran desiring to avail him-J self of this opportunity should pre sent bis credentials t<? tin. nearest Arfniy Recruiting Station, or writo! to the Army Recruiting Officer. Savan-! nab, <;a.. giving full details of his j servier- and stating the organiaztion | be wishes to join. Washington. Aug:. 21.?T^wis liar-' vey. of Jacksonville, spoke in favor of the Kenyon bill regulating the' parking industry, before the senate, committee in behalf of the Southern] Wholesale Grocers" Association. He; urged the passage of the measure, saving the packers use unfair meth ods and are a menace to competition. IXMBER PAINT ARE YOU GOING TO BUILD? We sell everything for any building BOOTH & McLEOD. Inc. BUILDING MATERIAL BUILDERS' HARDWARE Only Half of the Ransom Was Paid to Bandits for Re lease of Aviators CAVALRY OFFICER MAKES QUICK DASH INTO MEXICO Captain -Mattock Takes Long Chance to Save Aviator and Part of Money Marfa. Texas, Aug. 19.?Spread out fanshaped over a wide stretch of Mex ican country south of the Rio Grande, United States cavalry troops, aided by airmen as scouts tonight are combing the mountains for the bandits who held the two American aviators for $15,000 ransom. After the forward dash over the border today, the troops probably were being handicapped tonight by a storm which was reported in mes sages by field telephone to be raging in the mountains below the border. It was feared torrential rains would obliterate trails left by the bandits. The expeditionary force for a time moved forward in the face of high winds, according to the reports. "he two lieutenants, II. G. Peterson, and Paul X. Davis for whom ransom was demanded and who were released early today, guided the Americans in their quest for the Mexican outlaws. With nearly six hours start on the punitive expedition the bandits are believed to have scattered in the mountain passesVand canyons, and it probably will be necessary to search every square mile of the rough coun ery below the border to find thtrn, in the opinion of military men. / Despite the difficulty in locating the bandits frcm the air, American avia tors who left the flying field here early today, scouted almost the entire Ojeniga district. i It was known tonight how riiany are in the bandit band. Lieutenant Da vis and Lieutenant Peterson said they saw six men. There were 20 other bandits at the ranch where the out laws stopped. American aviators were told the band numbered 60. Arrangements for nurses, ambu lances and surgical dressings for the punitive expedition troops were being made tonight by Elmer Donnell of St. Louis for the use in case of emer gency. A report from the expedition indi cated that pursuit has continued throughout the day but that there had been no contact with the ban dits. H. X. Fennell, a banker of this city, arrived late today and announced that the amount of ransom actually paid for the release of the aviators was $8,500. Fennell took the $15,000 de manded to Candelaria yesterday. He declared a recount of the money brought back by Captain Matlack after release of the aviators showed I $6,500 remained. Fennell brought the $6,500 back to; Marfa this afternoon and deposited it I in a bank. The money was in $50 I bills. Fennell said the army would reimburse the cattlemen who sub , scribed the ransom money. Fennell tonight told the first con nected story of events preceding the crossing of the American aviators to the United States today. He outlined preliminary negotiations Monday be tween Captain Matlack and the Mexi can brother-in-law of Rentoria, who acted as a go between. He said the bandits insisted the de livery of the aviators be made after dark so flares might be seen. The go between crossed to San Antonia. Chi huahua, opposite Candelaria, and se lectetd the spot where the aviators were to be delivetred. It was at an old cottonwood tree a mile and a half south of San Amtonio. The go-be tween had returned to the American side and said arrangements had been completed. When the flares agreed upon failed to show after midnight, Captain Mat lack crosed. He was gone more than half an hour returning with Lieuten-! ant Peterson. As he rode into Can delaria. Captain Matlack said: ?'Here's one of them, thank God." Retturning to the old cottonwood) tree. Captain Matlack told Lieutenant! Davis to get on behind. The the Cap tain spurred his horse without deliver-1 ing the balance of trie money. "You can go plumb to hell. I'm go ing back," the captain shouted as be! galloped across the hlver. When Cap- [ tain Matlack dismounted Fennell said j he shook the money in their faces. j "Look at that; I'm going back to-1 morrow and get the rest of that ; money.*' the Captain told them, Fen nell said. "The aviators were elated over their experience, once across the riv-j er," said Fennell. We asked them if I 4 RESERVATIONS BY PITTMAN Resolution Introduced in Senate Designed to Amend League Covenant i TO SAFEGUARD THE MONROE DOCTRINE I Four Important Sections of Cov enant Restricted in Applica tion to United States - j Washingtotn, Aug. 20.? Senator j Pittman today introduced a resolution containing four reservations on the league of nations covenant covering ! the right oft withdrawal from the league. Article 10, domestic questions and the Monroe Doctrine. - ? ? i: Washington, Aug. ?0. ? Director General Hines began a discussion of< wage demands which recently caused the raliroad strikes with representa i tives of the shopmen's unions. DROUTH CAUSES COTTON DAMAGE Last Year Was Worst in Ten Years ' Washington,\S~ug. 20.?Cotton losses due to deficient moisture were heavier during 1918 than at any time during the last ten years, the department of agriculture states. _T_v? ? ; Saloniki, Aug. 20.?The Greeks here have telegraphed, the peace conferr ence asking for protection against Turkish troops, wh^, they claim, are. massacring the inhabitants \ and pil-. laging the country. FIGHTING CONTIN UES IN RUSSIA Siberian and Bolshevik Forces Clash at Several Points Omsk, Aug. 20.?Two thousand Bol sheviki and Magyars who escaped from prison camps at Krasnoyarsk were surprised by Siberian troops. Two hundred were killed, and the re i mainder, except sixty, who escaped, I were captured, accordng to a Czech report. London. Aug. 20.?Eolsheviki forces have occupied Ilethk on the Eastern front after a fierce battle. The anti Bolshevists have occupied Herzon-Ni kolieff Cherasky, on the Dnieper riyerv according to an official soviet state ment, a FIGHT ON PACKERS Mississippi Official Asks For * Perpetual Injunction Jackson, Miss., Aug. 20.?A perpet ual injunction against the big five packers which is asked by state Reve nue Agent Robertson, would debar the packers from doing business in Mis sissippi. Anti-trust law violation is charged and the court is asked to' fix a penalty of five thousand dollars a day during the life of the alleged combine. DAYLIGHT SAVING LAW REPEALED j 9 j Washington. Aug. 20.?The daylight j saving law was repealed over the President's veto today when the Sen ate sustained the house action. they had a good time. Davis said: "I'll say I did." "Neither man was hurt by the fall of the biplane. The aviators believed the accident was caused by the fact that their oil supply had been ex hausted. The men had only a quart canteen full of water but drank from the Concho river. "They said the bandit Renteria forced them to write messages asking for the ransom and read the messages to see if they were correct." Saddle weary and rain soaked, the troops of the Eighth Cavalry con tinued pushing forward tonight de spite the storm that swept the moun tainous region south of the Rio Grande-Big Bend district. Torrential rains fell in the Ojinaga district and low visibility prevented good airplane scout service. It was believed the comparatively small number of bandits under Jesus Renteria were hidden in the moun tains and that every pass would have to be searched.