Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Saloniki of To-Day War Has Enriched Merchants But Many People Live in Misery Saloniki, March 11 (Correspondence of The Associated. Press)?The war ? "has wrought great changes in this an cient Thessaionian metropolis. Local "merchants have grown inordinately rich from sales to the 500,000 Brit vi ish, French and Italian soldiers quar ts tered here for four years. Every line . ot business has undergone extraor dinary expansion. Occupation by the , v.alUed troops has brought about great, . chic improvements in the city and j its environs. The Saloniki area, j 1 /^rhich heretofore has been one of the; dirtiest and most unsanitary in Eu-j rope, has been made at least habit- j . able. Sanitary methods have been in -: ^trpduced by the British and French, j Disease-breeding swamps on the out-! ?jjkirts of the cjty have been drained, i "Water systems have been purified i ,and drainage has been improved, j .Miles of new roads-have been built, j . Numberless stone and wooden build-! ings have been constructed and a j score of modern hospitals establish- j ed. Hundreds of miles of telegraph j and telephone lines have been in- j . stalled, and acres of arid soil have j . been convened into productive gar-! dens. j Only for the disastrous fire of Aug- j ; ust,. 1917. which caused ?200,000,000. ; damage, the city and its surroundings j ioave been revolutionized. No steps , have been taken by the Greek govern ment since the great fire, to rebuild j any of the devastated area. The; question of undertaking it is one solely of labor and material. The' funds are available for the work. 1 Most of the 50,000 persons made homeless.by the. fire are now living in^tents and huts on the hillsides, or : in the cellars and ruins of burned buildings where they live almost like i ' rats. No ray of sunshine enters their wretched cellar abodes. They sleep j 1 " on straw and live almost entirely on | black bread and vegetables. All are ; (poor. They lack proper clothing, j shoee, and all the ordinary conven ; iences of life.. The American Red Cross; is helping them. j . .At one time the center of learning! of .the ancient world, Saloniki todayj ' has little to show in the way of; schools, libraries or academies. Xoth-} 'ing except a few broken columns re-i main of its ancient stadium, senate,! "hippodrome or temples. The few school buildings and churches are j now filled with refugees. The oest| buildings have been converted into j hospitals./ The splendid theatres that ! existed' in past centuries have beeni : displaced by . cheap moving-picture; houses. The only' structures of mer-j it-'that have stood the ravagevs ofj weather and battle are two triumphal j arches built by the Romans. These j are on the main street, which forms; a Jwrt of the highway to Constanti-; vTh? most picturesque features of! the'"Macedonian capital are its great .-'rafensive walls." and the numberless "Turkish minarets that rise from al .'most every 5p.1t of the town. These ^-walls present today a really formid able defense to the city. The mina rets, though Jittle used today, are re minders of a time when the Turkish empire embraced the whole of Mace donia and forced its religion on all that came under its authority. . ?n Saloniki's principal street on the waterfront the American flag is al ways conspicuous, identifying the home and office ? of George Horton, the. veteran American Consul-General who has spent 25 years in the con sular senice. Mr. Horton is consid ered almost a native of Macedonia, for-he not only speaks the Greek language fluently but his wife, is a Greek woman. Japanese Search Houses Sovile, April 12 (By the Associated Press).?The houses of seven Amer ican missionaries at Pyeng Yang in Northern Korea were searched by the -Japanese at the time of the arrest early this week of the Rev. Eli M. Mowery, a Presbyterian missionary, according to official advices. The of ' filial report says the Japanese au thorities obtained knowledge that Ko reans engaged in editing and circulat ing news of the independence move ment, were hiding- in the Rev. Mr. Mowery's residence and were issuing a ^newspaper and circulars from the house.- More than 4 0 policemen were stationed around the house during the .search to prevent the escape 01 the suspects. Eleven Koreans, in cluding a girl, were arrested, it Is ?aid, and three copying presses and documents relating to the independ ence were seized. Six of those ar rested were found guilty and sent tc prison. The others were 'freed. The Rev. Mr. Mowery. the report adds, is charged with harboring per sons actively engaged in propaganda instead of permitting the use of hi? premises for printing propaganda a: first reported. Commenting on the Rev. Mr ..Mow ery's arrest the newspapers of Seou charge that the conduct of some mis sionaries in Pyeng Yang and Sy? 1 Chyun northwest of Pyeng Yang, ha* been anything but discreef and claim that notwithstanding their profes sions of neutrality, some of the mis sionaries have given the impression by their actions that they encourage the Korean agitators. The newspaper.* express the belief that the mission ary.body in Korea as a whole is not anti-Japanese and is not inclined to encourage the Koreans, but they fear the Pyeng Yang incident will give the jingoistic newspapers of Japan ma terial for further attacks on foreign missionaries. Mrs. R. C. Richardson was painful ly injured in an automobile accident Saturday morning while on the way from this city to Rock Hill with Mr Douglas China and family. The car ran into a ditch near Rembert, but fortunately was not overturned and; all escaped uninjured save Mrs. Rich- j ardsou, whose arm was severely Refused to Help Japanese! - Graves Gives Correct Report of j Siberian Trouble i _ i Washington, April, 10?Reports of i changes in regulations governing cen-j sorship of cables were denied today by Acting Secretary of Stato Polk, j who stated that cables from all Euro- i pean countries except France and Eng-1 land were censored only by officials j of this country. French and Engiish cables are censored by officials in those j countries, he said, while the [Tinted j States exercises a similar censorship; over messages to Great Britain and | France originating in this country, j Mr. Polk said there had been many ] sensational reports recently that were ? unjustified. i This statement followed closely one! by Acting Secretary Crowell at the war. department specificially denying a published report that Maj. General Graves, commanding the Unied States j forces in Siberia, had reported the | i failure of American troops to aid tne j Japanese in a recent engagement was; I due to the fact that the Japanese had 'shot down women and children, j It was disclosed that the engage ! ment in question, which has been the j subject of various dispatches from j Vladivostok and Tokyo, was fought at ; Habarvosk on February 25 by a Japa nese unit against revolters against j General Horvath, one of the Siberian! j military commanders with whom the | allies have cooperated and that no j American troops were in the vicinity i at the time. The Japanese force liter- j ally was wiped out. Some unofficial dispatches from the j ; East have created the impression that i Americans stood by. refusing to go to the aid of outnumbered allies. It was i officially explained today as a mat ter of fact the Japanese commander j had asked for cooperation in advance ?and ordered the expedition unaided ! after being informed that the Ameri jcans could not participate in an at tack'upon people who were not recog nized as enemies or Bolsheviks. General Graves, report outlining this state of facts said the revolt against General Horvath was caused by al lege.! atrocities, such as the killing of women and children. The trouble ap pears to have been local, however, and officials of both the state and war de partments regard the attitude of Gen eral Graves as entirely proper. The American commander had very posi tive instructions when he went to Si beria to refrain from interfering with local controversies and political move ments. The policies of the United States and Japan as to the conduct of operations in Siberia and the reasons for the presence of allied troops at Vladivos tok, it was officially suited, are the same although a difference of opinion as to the extent to which the troops! should be used. An understanding on this point is expected, but it was pointed out that in the mean time the I local situation might result in the ! questions arising that would have to J be settled either through conference ! of the military commanders on the ground or by diplomatic agencies. i CURE FOR DIABETES. _ ! A physician in private practice, Dr. Thomas Webster Edgar. TOO West End avenue, asserted yesterday, says the New York Sun, that he had discover ed a cure for diabetes, a disease which has baffled the medical profes sion. He makes the claim that he has perfected a serum redived from I the bood of rabbits which will ef | feet cures in cases of diabetes and j without dietary regulation, j .In the New York Medical Journal j of March 29 Dr. Edgar set forth in j technical language the nature of his I discovery and treatment. Yesterday he repeated his claim in more popu [ lar nhraseology. j "I have been at work for four j years," he said, "in an effort to find j i treatment which would arrest and (curb glycosurias?diabetes, i made {innumerable experiment, before I at tained the end 1 sought. Firsr. I Idconvinced myself that diabetes is caused by functional defects in the pancreas?by the failure of essential parts of the pancreas to do their work. Then I set myself to finding something which would restore to these debilitated and nbn-functioning parts of the pancreas the activities required. "I experimented with human blood, but this did not give the desired re sults. Then 1 tried the b'**od of rab bits and found what I w. ted. In ob taining the blood I first p,.l the rab bit upon a treadmill and keep ii thert until it reaches a stage of fatigue. Then I draw the blood, and after heating it to 60 centigrade separate the corpuscles from the serum. When the serum has been treated after the method I have discovered I inject it subcutaneous.'y. i have attained suc cess in ?;.") per- cent 0f my cases and I have had 100 eases. 1 do not say that the cure is infallible, but I am now certain that it will work in most cases, particularly when the patient observes the rules laid down and un dergoes faithful tr-alne nt. "Hitherto, as is well known, the evil effects of diabetes have been ar rested, if ai all. by dietary method, and especially by forbidding sugar to the sufferer. My method permits the patient to continue !o use sugar or eat candy, though I do not recom mend this indulgence. 1 merely say that my cure works beneficially in any event. "Offers have been made to mo for the serum and method, but 1 have declined to look upon the discovery i in a commercial way solely. I want first of all to establish a free clinic so thai the public may have the bene fit of the discovery. I am going to do! what I can along that line unaided.! Next Monday 1 shall open a free clinic at my own office, where any one suf fering from diabetes will receive the treatment I speak of. This clinic will have to be conducted in a limit ed way because of lack of room and facilities. Later 1 hope that persons of means will be enough convinced and interested to help me establish a larger clinic." Tartars of Siberia The Warlike Tribes That Inhabit Large Stretches of Russian Territory Omsk, Siberia, Fob. 12 (Correspond ence of The Asociated Press)?Siberia which has forced world attention, by reason of the important political events there, includes all the Asiatic possesions of Russia with the excep tion of the trans-Caspian and trans Caucasian regions and the government general of Turkestan whose capital. Tashkent, was captured by tin- liol sheviki and whose American vice consul, Roger C. Trod well, was arrest ed and left to languish in prison. Since the Mongolian invasions in the thirteenth century, Si beria has been the home of many tribes, descended from that race. To the foreigner the Tartars are perhaps the most interesting. Their great cen ter is Kazan though the National Tar tar Council, which like Ukraine and other regions of Russia, seeks the de velopments of its "national aspira tions." is now located at Petropavlovsk, not far from Omsk. This is on account of Bolshevik terrorism. The Tartars are true followers of Mahomet and their mosques are found in almost every city. They are esti mated to number 1.COO,000 in the dis tricts of Kazan and Crimea. They are keen seekers after education and many Tartar bo>s and girls receive lessons in French, Engislh and German from foreign instructors in places like Ka zan, Samara and Ufa. The last two of these places were occupied several months ago by the Bolshevik armies. The Tartars have an oval face, black eyes, placed obliquely, and their skin in brown. Their costume is unusual, the distinguishing feature being their coiffure over which is worn a tight fitting calotte, t kull cap. A considerable number of Tartars live in the Altai mountains on the frontier of China. They are still no mads and given over to idolatry. Many of them worship the sun. The people of the Mongolian race inhabiting Russia, either European or Siberian, should be generally divided into groups. The Finnish group in cludes Finns, Esthonians. Mordva and Cheremises. The Tartar group is composed of Tartars, and smaller tribal peoples. An important nomadic Mongolian tribe is the Kirghis who live in the ?teppe regions of Akmolinsk and Sem ipaiatinsk. They aggregate more than a million of both sexes, speak a Tur kish dialect and are devout mussul mans. They are chiefly cattle raisers. The Iakouts inhabit the region of Irkutsk, near Lake Baikal, and speak a language principally Turkish but partly Mongolian. They are idolatrous and live by the hunt and by the rais ing of cattle. In the province of Tobolsk, and gen erally in the north, even up t-> tie Arctic ocean, are the Voguls and the Ostiacks. They descend from an j ancient Finnich Branch. Although in principle converted to Christianity, they have no real idea of the Christ ian religion and. as in ancient time? practice Chamanisn, the religion of their ancestors. Still other tribes are the Tcleouts on the plateaus of the Altais, the Buriats in the trans-Baikal district, the Manchus in the Amur, and the Samoyedes on the Arctic bor ders where they engage in the rais ing of reindeer. In the large cities like Harbn, Irk utsk and Omsk, Americans are struck by the large number of Buriats and Tartars who are drivers of public dros kies. They seem to speak the Russ ian language indifferently and appar ently hardly know the streets and dif ferent quarters of the city. They are distinctly Mongolian in type and have fiat noses. The present population of Siberia is estimated at ten million, as against a total Russian population of perhap? 1^0.000,000. Despite the numerous eaces and tribes mentioned above, the population of Siberia is mainly Rus sian, formed of peasants who migrat ed from European Russia when Siber ia was reconquered and to some ex tent of the descendants of the unhappy people who were exiled to the frigid I zone for political conspiracies and er im es. I Many War Brides More Than Six Thousand Ameri cans Have Married French Girls Paris. March s (Correspondence of the Associated Press) -That Cupid was nearly as busy as Mars with the members of the American Expedi tionary Force ami that romance bloomed in France in spite of war's alarms is shown by the fact that more than six thousand French women have been wooed and won by Ameri J can soldiers within one year. The ! majority of the French girls who ! have become Americans through mar rying men and officers of the Ameri j can Expeditionary Force .ire steno [graphers, salesgirls or teachers with sprinkling of pc-asam girls and thase of the middle class or bourgeoisie., i The romances are in most cases j very similar. A soldie; would be bil leted with :i French i tily a member of which would be a girl of mar iriageable age. Together they would delve into the intricacies of the [French language, sign language be ing promptly .superseded by a cotn bination of Anglo-French jibberish. The clean cut. healthy physique of the Americans, their politeness and generosity would appeal to the heart of the French girl who saw in the American the realization of her dreams. As a rule, the Americans also made no secret of the particular sympathetic feeling they had for the French girls and so as a natural se quence, marriages resulted. Many such pairs now are puzzled whether the wife should accompany her husband to America or the hus band should make his home in France. P. is expected that fully; lifty per cent of the benedicts will j adopt France for their future, home, j The Memphis Convention ! ! (Memphis Commercpial-Appeal, April 11.) There was a :representative meet ing o? cotton men *r? the city of Mem phis yesterday. At that meeting Sen ator Owen most clearly stated what ] could be done by a cotton export cor ; poraiion. Gov. Harding, following ?Senator Owen, gave the convention a ! clear insight into international finance jand into other things which have been j retarding influences against exports J of . all sorts. i Many predicted at the close of the > war that cotton would go to an enor ! inous price and that there would be ja great big demand. There was a j decline in price and a decline in de i mand. j We thought that England and J France and spinners in other eoun I tries would immediately begin to j take action. We did not realize that J the first necessity was to get food j over to the people of these countries. Then there were calls thai the Amer ican troops be brought home. These two demands crowded cotton out of ships. ! England and France, today are I seeking just as few imports as pos sible, if they have to pay cash down. One reason is that their money is. Cheap. If they buy a bale of cotton for $150.00 they have to put in ten per cent more of the number of pounds sterling or francs to get that cotton. Money will continue cheat) or low in its purchasing power in Fraiice and Britain when things are i to be -bought in the United States until these countries are able to sell us something in return. In order then to secure an imme diate market for our cotton in Eu i rope v,*e have got to extend credit. I England and France and other coun ! tries may not have the ready mone\ t or if they have it the rate of ox 1 change against them is high, j Tut their credit is good. ? So if we can sell these countries j cotton on a long lime credit the} ! will immediately come into the mar ket, buy the cotton, spin it and whet ?the bills are due pay these bills will j the money or with tin- credit the:. ! have already secured from the man j ufa c tu red product. Having the bulk of the gold of th< I world, the United Stales has got u ! carry the responsibility of that gob 'and. that is. ro extend credit, i A nation having gold can afford t< give credit to that haticn that ha; j not any gold, but may have product: i to exchange. j Therefore, it comes down to tin I pdint now that the South, in order t< j facilitate the sale of its cotton, mas ? form an association to finance thi cotton. This corporation can be madi i Up of stockholders who are planters I merchants, bankers, factors and buy ! ers. They can put Liberty bonds int< ! the corporation and at leas;t be as ; sured e.f this interest. They can b< , assured of a reasonable return upoi I the investment, but the whole Soutl J will then have a broader market ant j a more steady market and thosi j things are now needed. !j -Europe is just in this position I j Imagine a farmer with good land j well stocked and on which there an j i good improvements. He has a disas ; trous fire; his barn burns, his nous; j burns and his cattle were destroyer (in the burning barn. He has n< ; ready money. 'He cannot go alon? j without credit. He goes to a bank oi ! he goes to a merchant. He has r . I fine farm, he has been industriou: jand has paid his debts. He, there j fore, gets an advance with the prom j Ise to pay in one year or two years i In these two years he recoups anr J pays out. Without the credit h< J could not go on except in a half-starv j ing way. England, France and all the alliec ' countries have been devastated b} this war. but the land is still then 1 and the people with capacity to worl jare there. Many of the mills are readj II o start, but in order to have some {thing to work upon they must im I port raw materials from other coun , j trios. Give them these raw material: and in a itttle while they will be able to pay back. In the meantime then own government will guarantee r large part of their debt. If this cotton export corporation li formed with a large capital it car discount the credit notes of buyers in Europe: it can also pledge oertair, securities it has with war finance cor porations and get more credit. This corporation operating with the wai I finance corporation can, therefore, extend a credit on export cotton for | more than the usual length of time jand can be guaranteed of a payment. | and. in the meantime. can mak* (money on the interest earned by the j credit exf ended. I It is a simple proposition, hut it requires the confidence and support I of a large representative body of J Southern farmers, merehanfs. factors, (bankers, buyers and sellers of eot j ton. i The South is now in a position (largely to finance itself and we must [do it. We have been able to stand j uj) during the last year and hold our ! cotton for what we considered to be 'a living price. i In 101-1 we were caught unawares ?and the cotton crop was slaughtered, i Let us prepare now that when there is a. temporary disorder we will not I again be .so disorganized ourselves j that our entire system of growing, j marketing .and selling our crops may j be shot to pieces. (Another Door Opened to Women Med? cal Students. ! I For the Hrst time in its history i Bellevue Medical College, of JCew ? York University, will open its doors ; to women. The announcement is i made that next September women students will be admitted with equal privileges as men. and on graduation will receive the degree of doctor of medicine. Women internes have been admitted at Bellevue for several years, i and the success of their work has I doubtless prompted the Bellevue fac lulty to follow the examples being set I by many colleges and universities, jauch as Harvard, which recently open j ed a course in industrial hygiene open I to women. .1 1 ! Italian Parliament Postponed' Session Will Not Be Summoned j Until May 6th ! l _ i I Rome, April 21.?The convocation; j of the Italian parliament has been' j postponed until May Rth, it is an-j j nouneed here. Over the Top jOIdsmar, First Florida Town to ; Report Tampa, April 21.?Oldsmar was' I the first Florida town to..go over the; \ top in the Victory loan. ' An American Merchant Marine. (Greenville Daily News.) I It is very much to the discredit of i our nation that for a long time we| have hud to depend upon foreign ships j to carry our marvelous commerce.' 'j-.iis situation is in a fair way to dq\ effectively remedied. That is one of the best of the many good things i which have fallen as rewards to ' America for her commendable at j titude and achievements in the war. j Seeking nothing but the welfare of j the world, she has in many respects , found herself to her own great ad vantage. i We have had a very able man as m chairman of the United States Ship 11 ping Board, in Edward X. Hurley. ? lr ? recent monograph Mr. Hurley > ha. reviewed the marvelous achieve I ments wrought by American ship j builders under the direction of the ? I Shipping Board and proposed a plan [for the operation of an American . j Merchant Marine. ? j Some of his statements may inter ? l est you. On March 1 of this year the (Shipping board completed a year and j a-half of its operation. During that time it had turned out 619 wood and s j steel ships aggregating 3,640,406 tons. ' It had S-U shipyards practically com - pleted with 1,284 launching ways, i in nine months it increased the om i ployees in shipyards from 45,000 to ?' 280,000 and in one day, duly 4. lauoch - ed '.?0 new ships. With what has been I done and plans to be executed there ? will be 16.000,000 tons of shipping, > j 70 per cent of which is owned by the 1 government. It now owns 555 steel j cargo ships aggregating 3.383,475 j i tons and has under contract 13,336 s j similar vessels of 0.275.006 tons. Ii a i the present program is carried out j there will be under the United States 9 (flag within a year 16.732,700 tons oi 3 I steel cargo and passenger ships, equi tjvalent to almost half the merchanl s tonnage which plies the sea under th? & j flags of all nations combined. This ,, i is an amazing showing! -i The question is what to do with ii i j to make it serve the nation in the - j best way. ?> j Mr. Hurley, after careful consider ljation, recommends the following: l j The ships should be sold to and 1 j operated by American citizens under ? I no restrictions except those in the ? bill of sale and the fixing of maximum : . freight rates by the government. The , j price of the ships should be the cur ? I rent world market rates for similar - tonnage. Twenty-five per cent of the ? purchase price should be paid down, 1 and the remainder distributed over a 3 period not exceeding ten years, the r government holding a mortgage with interest rate of five per cent, the t government getting four per cent and 9 one per cent going to a Marine De - velopment fund. The buyer is to -: keep the ships insured. When oper ; ating he is to incorporate under a 1 federal charter > providing that no ; stock shall be sold in excess of the . actual cash value paid in on the ves sel and no stock" shall be sold to an I alien. Other recommendations deal with the provision of the merchant marine development fund to care for [ all deficiencies. All ships unsold are j i to remain the property of the gov . crnment and he operated by it. Under present conditions Mr. Hur . ley's plan seems to be the best. And * the plan has a man behind it who > has proved himself nothing less than - a miracle worker. i Beekeeping Notes. ; f'lt mson College, April 9.?Spring i fe upon us. It will soon be warm > enough to transfer bees from the box i gums or soap boxes to standard frame hives, says the Extension Ser ! vice bee specialist. T)o not let people talk you into [ buying anything less than a ten frame hive. An eight-frame hive costs about 2." cents less than a ten frame and if you go after your bees and develop them into good, strong ' Colonies, then you will regrel that you did not get the ten-frame- hive, j It is easy to reduce the space in a j hive wtih division boards if this be comes necessary, but when you have a big, boiling, roaring colony they j need the space and you can not add j it when your hive is too small in the I first place. If you make your hive, j be sure to make them the exact size of a. standard ten-frame hive so that you can transfer any frames at any tine from one hive to another. No. Bees do not injure sound j fruit of any kind. They will visit I j injured fruit and gathW the lost sap. { ; Now do not argue about it; watch it! j and see for yourself. I Do not handle your bees until it | is warm enough or you may chill the t young brood. Do your work in the j warmest part of the day when Thef I ol?J he?-x are in the field gathering honey and not at home to bother you. i Give the bees sufficient room. Crowding is one of the most common ? inducements to swarming. When j crowded or poorly ventilated, they1 I will cluster in front of the hive. This i doe== not pay. for they get the habit ' of loafing. Keep them at work. Prevent swarming just as much as ! possible, for it is the worst thing! I bees can do to break up their honey-j j gathering power. The old queen goes with the first swarm. Keep her. Krmemher our article on proper hiving of swarms. If you have lost it. we will send you another. If yen buy bees, load them before bite hing the horse. Unhitch the I horse before unloading. I I Criticism Did Good Covenant of League Altered as Result of Comments by Public Washington, April 12?The official summary of the amended covenant of the league of nations was received at Washington tonight too late for offi cials and members of congress to study it for formal comment. NIt was ap parent however, that important changes in the original document were designed to meet criticisms made on the floor of the senate and elsewhere by friendly critics as well as oppo nents of the league. It was pointed out that it was dif ficult to make a comparison of the official summary of the new covenant issued at Paris with the original con stitution since it was possible to tell only what new matter had been in jected and not how much of the bid language had been retained, particu larly in regard to relatively minor points. Aside from the amendment specifi cally mentioning the Monroe doctrine as among "regional understandings" not affected by the covenant, the change which seemed to attract the most attention here was that requiring a unanimous vote in both the assembly of states and the governing executive council in any decision upon a matter "of international interest or threat ening the peace of the world." In the original, unanimous consent iwas required excepting the parties to a dispute. This change apparently J was intended to make it clear that no '< nation surrendered its sovereignty or ! right of individual action through i membership in the league. I Another change in a section much j discussed in the senate debate re ! quires the approval of each member 'state of recomendations of the cotin ' cil as to be the amount of armed force, ! if any, to be supplied by those states j to act on behalf of the league in mov ing aganst a state which has broken the covenant. Opponents of the constitution as orignally drawn insisted this section jtook away from congress the power : to declare war and might force the 1 United States to send its soldiers or j sailors into battle in some far off coxv j ner of the earth for a cause in which ? the country' was not interested. The same kind of a change was j made in the sections relating to dis armament and the administration of mandates over the former German colonies and territories of the Otto man Empire. It is specifically pro vided that the suggestions of the council for reduction of armaments shall be adopted only with the con sent of affected states themselves Provision is made for mandatories by states which are "willing" to be man datories. The right is given any state to withdraw from the league on two years' notice provided such state * has kept its obligations to date/*' The failure of the first draft, to make any provision for withdrawal from the league has been the subject of much discussion. Amendments to the covenant under the new draft require th? approval of all states or the council?the five great powers and four other nations to be selected?r-and "a simple major ity in the assembly" which is com-* posed )f all repre-3relatives, of all member states. Originally a three fourths majority was required in the assembly. '. Another addition sets forth that the. number of powers of each class rep resented on the council may be in creased by the unanimous consent of the council and a majority of the aar sembly. Other new provisions in clude the accepting by member states of certain responsibilities with re gard to the labor conditions, treat ment of natives, white slave traffic opium, traffic, the arms traffic with uncivilized and semi-civilized coun tries, transit and trade conditions, public health and Red Cross Societies and formal recognition of the league as the central body interested in co ordinating and assisting international I activities, generally. , To Discourage Profanity - And now a movement has been start ed to check the growing evil of pro fanity. And strange to say, the crusade in its present form originates not with the accepted custodians of morals but from one of the leading motion pic ture companies. This concern, organ ized to furnish amusement in forms intended to appeal to popular taste, has announced its intention of in structing all its scenario writers to omit profane language from the con versations of their characters. Under stress of war excitement, says the statement referred to "short and ugl; words," as the late colonel Roosevelt would have called them, were practi cally indispensable. They were sanc tioned by the use even in the pulpit as a vehicle for the exprression of righteous indignation, and the people were not slow to redouble their use of words that had come in rather too conveniently. .Vow that the war is over, it is felt by many that effort should be made to discourage profan ity which has become common even among young girls who perhaps trace their first instruction in such epithets and expletives to the screen. The movie managers base their argument purcdy on moral grounds, which is gratifying. It is, moreover, obvious that the use of profanity is un desirable for those who wish to attain command of a flexible and vigorous vocabulary. It is far easier to throw in a "euss word" than to form the habit of using one that will carry with it more signs or real mental action. What might have been a serious fire had it not been immediately checked occurred at the gasoline filling station of Mr. Geo. F. Epper son Monday. Someone after hav ing his car tilled with gasoline, thoughtlessly dropped a match near the curbing and the waste gasoline gnited readily and soon spread to the tank. However, by the use of two fire extinguishers, the flames were cmecke'd and no serious damage wa? flone.