Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PoblSAe? Wednesday and Saturday ;-4 . ?BY?- j osajEiar publishing company .i- SUMTES., S. C. ? j Terms: 91.50 per annum?in advance. Advertisements* - One Square first insertion . .$1.0$ Bvery subsequent insertion.50 j Contracts for three months, ' or j longer will be made at reduced rates. I 1 All- communications which sub- { serve private interests will be charged i for as advertisements. Obituaiies and tributes of respect ?rill be charged for. The Sumter Watchman was found- j ?Vi in 1850 and the Trur Southron in \ 2866. The Watchman and Southron j now has the combined circulation and influence of both of the old papers, and is manifestly the best advercis&j medium in Sumter. CLOTHES FOR REFUGEES. i ? ?. '?- ? ? 1 ? 1 The call of the Red Cress for j clothing for the refugees abroad of-J fers a golden opportunity to the housewives of America. From gener ations of thrifty forebears has come jthe habit of saving any article which j might possibly be used at some fu ture time. As a result, almost every \' -j house has accumulations of partly 11 worn clothing, slightly antique hat; trimmings and odd lengths of cloth jJ kept to mend dresse and other gar- j1 men is which long since have fled. ' j' As a matter of fact, our ancestors l"' did their penurious bit of saving be- M cause supplies were scanty. We suf- j' fer from no such handicap, but wej* save our old things just the same. p Conditions abroad are truly ter-}1 . rible.. There are thousands ragged, ; "' cold, shoeless, hatless. A dotted lincj goes from these accumulations inj* our closets and attics to those needy \t people as straight as it goes from j1 eye to eye in the funny pictures. To j 1 disregard it is to practice selfishness, j ' And as always, the selfishness will!8 react- upon the person who practises i * it; for she whose conscience with old!l garments is corrupted must even feel j * guilty; at buying new ones. \ j?t This is the time to be a good sport. J * to. send to the needy- anything the 11 owner might possiblv use, if there is ?'11 .' ?... . i also the ghost of a chance that shejci may possibly not use it. The woman j P who has the courage to do this will!*' t \ \ be happy in having helped the help less. . And having tasted the joy of;* storage spaces freed of their piles of]1 "old, unhappy, far-off things." shelc: wii Inevor willingly return to the slav-j-^ ery of mere accumulation. j l> ' j n A FREXCH WOMAN'S -SONS" \& - k , An army chaplain who has been j n, with the Americans at Le Mans sends! ;t: back to America the sweet, simple j f< story of an old French mother* > de- j ^ votion to all the " sons" who gavel n their lives for the final victory. : jj This, woman had a son in the'v French army. He was captured, (r< taken into Germany and put into a j D prison camp. For a while she heard j j< from him quite regularly. Then the! v letters stopped coming and for four-j teen months she has had no word j 0 of him. j t "I ^know he is dead." she says, "sc{ each day when an American soldier] is ouried I make a little wreath of. flowers and put it on the grave. 11 think the mothers back in America'! would like to know that another we- j f man, who, like them, has lost a boy, jt Ss dropping a flower and a tear on j 1 their graves." p Rain or shine, she slowly travels the mile to the cemetery in spite of; t crippled limbs, and places flowers onjz the' little mounds that mark the rest- j i ing places of some of our American ?; boys. . j3 It is a touching tribute, and means p more than all the protestations of j i friendship uttered by public officials j can ever mean. American mothers, 1 will indeed be grateful to the 'old wo man who faithfully does for other i ? , . j boys what she cannot do for her own. ? REAXITTES IN RUSSIA. Walter Lippman, in a most keen j and interesting exposition of ''The Political Scene" in the current New j Republic, says of Russia: "It is possible to make war upon; a nation organized under a govern-1 nrrent. There is no way of winning a j war against several hundred thou-; sand more or less independent vil-i lages. Yet that is the fundamental condition in Russia today. All the or-j dinary rules of warfare are inappU-j cable. It is not possible to bully Rus-' sia, into order nor to curse her into: it. She will have to be drawn into; it by re-establishing the bonds of eco-j nomic interdependence between her fragments and the organized society! of the west." He follows this with a somewhat complex scheme for an international trading corporation somehow under the wing of the League of Nations. Then: /"Now the raising of the standards of life resulting from this trading, and from relief, might gradually re store the contact of the Russian people with the outei world. And with contact would come that sense of the realities of government and business' which, is necessary- to the re vival of Russia." And there, hidden in that sentence, lies the key of all Russia's troubles. Russia has been thinking she could live without business and without government. Some sort of vague an archistic manna was to feed her when government and business were gone. Rut the" manna of heavenly interven tion has failed. Living requires work. And both living and work require or der. And the ordering of life and work are "the realities of govern ment and business." Gaping at unrealities, Russia is starving and dying of cold and mis ery and disease. Her sense of real values must in some way be brought back to her. Most governments have been badly ministered in the past. So has most business. But to throw them away means to throw order overboard, re taining chaos. And in chaos people perish. The development of the dairying industry in Sumter county waits upon :he establishment of a pasteurization' >Iant in this city which will affora a i jeriain and profitable outlet for all i ;he milk that can be produced wLtr^r : en or fifteen miles of the ci*y. l!*e ] natter has been under consioeratfor.: j y Dr. China, Mr. Pickens, manager j )? the Sanitary Dairy and others j vho are interested to a greater or j ess extent in dairying for some time, j >ut no definite stops have been tak- j n toward organizing a company to stablish a plant. It is a matter o: i irst importance to the business; :rowth of Sumter and the surround- j og country that the dairying indus-1 ry be encouraged and developed to] he fullest extent, and the one thing; hat will insure a market for the] ailk that the farmers may produce) 3 a plant to prepare the milk fo: j hipment and to conduct a wholesale] usiness in the pur-chase and sale ofi ilk. A farmer living at a distance j rem the city cannot sell Iiis milk j ere at retail by peddling it at retail! rom house- to house, and few of? hem will undertake to do so. If a J ?arket is guaranteed for milk in bulk j uite a number of men would at oncei ike up dairying as a side line. Sum- j ?r county is nearing the end of the! >tton era. for the boll weevil will I ... i sad. this territory within tue next j vo years, and then other money j ?ops must be found for the farmers.; 11 of them cannot turn to tobacco or j, ?anuts, and as a. matter of fact no \, atter what crops are planted every j' trui should have omit a number ofj od tmilk cows to balance the busi- j >ss. There is money in live stock ?; id a farm'with plenty of cows is o. : >rtile and a profitable farm. It is! > be hoped that the men who are 1. DV interested in dairying, in con- i; inction with Farm Demonstratorj ruiiams will get in behind this pas-1 'urization plant proposition and keep U efoind it until it is established. There]. >? no use in waiting until the boll; -eevil panic is upon us to begin to!. ready to find other profitable j ..-eupations to take the place of cot- j t DU. ! 1 AN AMENDED CONSTITUTION. - President Wilson is to be congratu-| ited by friends and opponents alike j or reversing his uncompromising at-j itude on the League of Nations and | lubmitting the first, draft of a Con titution to revision and amendment. Many able authorities of both par-! ies, including former President Taft : md former Attorney General Wicker-j iham. have held that the document | is it stood was sound in its funda- i nentals and in most of its details.' Nevertheless even the friendliest crit cs have suggested the wisdom of mak- '. ins: certain clauses more clear and | lefinite, und inserting certain amend-' tnents in order to reassure those i rvho feared that vital American rights: cvere being: surrendered. Recent re- j ports indicate that the president has taken their advice, and given serious; :;nd respectful attention to such rec ommendations of his political oppon ents as were obviously honest und constructive. As a result, it appears that the doc ument will soon be freed from those alleged defects which have provided the concrete grounds ot opposition. It is announced that thei are (o be sufficient guarantees regarding the Monroe Doctrine, immigration. au thority over armament, liability to war, acceptance of mandatory re sponsibilities and various details of League organization and policy. Thus a gr. oit deal of honest oppo sition is already demanded. At the same time, a good deal of opposition whose sincerity or intelligence was open to question has been disarmed by the discovery that the nation is overwheming-y in favor of the league idea, and has little patience with ob structive efforts. All patriotic citizens may well re joice over th<* fortunate outcome now promised for what lately seemed about to arouse a bitter political con flict over an issue that has nothing properly to 0?> with partisan polities. If the present treatment of the mut ter continues,, in Puris and at home, the Constitution when finally submit ?ted to the senate will be approved b:> an almost unanimous vote of Repub licans and Democrats alike. WERCHASTS AND WEATHER MAPS. The up-to-date merchant studies the weather map. Time was when only the farmer was supposed 10 study the clouds and remark", "mackerel sky?it'll bo wel before dry." Rut this is true no longer. ? Such advance has been made in the study and forecasting of weather con ditions that it is possible by a perusal of the maps issued by the bureau at Washington to have a fairly accurau Idea of what atmospheric changes un likely to be for some time ahead. The weather Bureau urges thai more use tie made of this informa tion. One man proved its wisdom in the electrical goods business last sum mer/ The season was late and the heat long continued. His supply oi electric fans gave out. His partner urged a new order; but a study of th* map showed a cold wave on the way. due before the new supply of fans could possibly arrive from the i*.-.c tcry. None were ordered, heating appliances were made ready instead, the storm came, and after it the sea sonal cool weather. Simiarly the umbrella dealer can determine the wisdom of a sale oi umbrellas, the dry goods merchant o<\ the retention of winter underwear e r j prominent shelves for a few days' longer or the advisability of getting! his cases of soring goods opened and ? rea'dy. - Fruit growers and gardeners long have availed themselves of those weather nmps, but evidently they can be studied to advantage by men en-! gaged in many varieties of business. | ??-?-r m-11-i-in ? n?j Negroes Held In Jail Judge Towns^d Overrules Ex tradition. Fka From Georgia - Two men are being held in the j Sumter county jail as fugitives from j justice, and thereby hangs an inter- j. es^ins tale. Severn] days ago Governor Cooper! honoi'c'd a requistion issued by the! governor of Georgia for two negroes,) Esaac Murray and Christian Harrison.! ivho arc wanted in Richmond county.] Georgia, on the charge of burglarj inu who bed been arrested at .Sumter. Then The prisoners employed J. H. Tlkcon, who went before Judge W. H. Townsend with a writ of habeas cor pus and demanded their release on .lie ground that the Georgia* official aid not bring a copy of the indict nent with him. and Judge Townsend ' rranted the writ and ordered the prisoners released. ; The Georgia y,hi-riff then had thv nen rearrcsted on a fugitive warrant ind again placed in jail. Governor Cooper has the matter? ander advisement and has asked the ; ittorney general for an official opin-l on. The governor has not said what ae will do. but it is likely that he ' trill order the Sumter sheriff.to turn; Jie prisoners over to the Georgia of- 1 Scials. The constitution provides that ex :raditions are solely within the juris liction of-the executive department. ^ The following is a copy of the or- j 5er issued by Judge Townsend in or-J 1 iering the prisoners released: j "This is'an application upon writ;1 of habeas corpus for the discharge of f; the petitioners from the custody of H Lhe chief of police. ' : "*lt appears that the chief of police ? holds them under arrest upon requisi- 1 tion papers signed by the governor of ! Georgia and the governor of South Carolina, it is recited in these requi- < shion papers that the defendants arc charged with burglary, but there is 1 no copy or other evidence of their': indictment or of any affidavit charg-! < ing them with such an offense. "I am of the opinion that the ex-1 tradition warrant does not authorize their retention in the custody of the' chief of police or extradition from th>i State, because it docs not show that, they are charged with an extraditable' offense. "ft is Therefore ordered that the: petitioners be discharged from the. custody of the chief of police." Year's Coal Output Report on Production of West Virginia Mines Charitston. W. Va.. March 27.? Mines of West Virginia produced SO,- j 674.913 gross teas of coal during the j fiscal year which ended June 30. IMS, according to figures just issued by the State Department of Mines. While official figures are lacking for the calendar year of t:?I?S, tin- depart ment estimates the production ;it about 100.000.000 tons. Coke production during the fiscal year of 101$ increased 539,40:> tons, according to :1a- report, the total be ing 3.122.722 tons The production of eoal and coke is West Virginia re quired the services <.i '.>*>?;." men dur ing 191$. an increase of :>.20n men over i!H7. .X total of 71*3 companies operating 1.35.9 mines, produced the coal and colic this feature of the re port showing incroasrrs of 1-<> com panies and mines. Prison for Debs United States Si *eme Court Refuses Application for Re hearing of Case Washington. March 31.?Eugene V. Debs* application for a rehearing of his appeal from his conviction and sentence o*' ten years imprisonment for violating the ?-Spionage act was denied todav by the Supreme Court. eenoi m mum mmm . If you have cotton to sell, see us, it will pay you. * If you have fertilizer or fertilizer materials to buy it will pay you to see us before you buy, Cash oc approved collateral. 9 West Liberty Street "Trading Upon The Misery of the World" j (By L. r. Galon. I/ngoflf, S. C.) This heading is frorh Gov. Elenry J. Allen's communication to J. S. vFan namaker, chairman of South Carolina acreage reduction . committee. Gov. j Alien makes this serious charge! against the Southern people who have; clothed him ami his Ter half a cen tury whiie the cotton producers lived ' in misery. Tin- statement of G?v.-j Alien, 6?T Kansas, shows how nece; - sary it is to educate the balance of ; the world as to the value of cotton j nid t'ne cost of producing cotton. Gor. Allen speaks *of thirty-five : cents cotton being equally as remu nerative as ?2.27 wheat. Right her-' is where a great part of the world gets a wroi>g impression. Tko unin formed person always takes the price of good cotton as a basis for argu ment, never realizing that ? offen, most often, a very ?arge percentage of the crop is low grade cotton, made iow grade from tin- effects of wind and weather: the largest percentage coming from the sections where ex cess^ acreage of cotton is planted and . cannot for Jack of sufficient women : and children be gathered promptly. This low grade cotton is now selling at ten to twelve cents per pound be- i low the price of good cotton. This I low-grade cotton is always a dead weight about the neck of the cottoif: producer and is always used as a j means to reduce the price of good j cotton. It therefore, follows just ; as plainly as day follows night that the* South is now and has been for; yanrs raising more cotton than they, can harvest without letting a large. percentage of ir heavily deteriorate in the fields. ?While Gov. Allen no doubt tried to j use -Mr. Wannamakcr's invitation- as i a "spread eagle act" to cover his' recent asssinine actions bet?re con-; gross and thereby gain some prestige ; over the country generally at the? economic and moral expense of the! South, still there are many honor- j able and well-meaning people who; think twenty cents * per pound is .? high price for cotton. To hell with' Mr. Allen and the Kaiser, but to these others who do not know our cotton story let us explain our situa tipj? hi all fairness to the <?<>;;<>!: farm er the price of cotton should hav, been' between 15 ami 20 cents per pound for the last twenty years. There is no crop thru requires as; much hard labor as cotton. If any: one seeks the truth it will not be hard to find. How many cotton plant ers, large or small, can be found in the South who can be called rich.; judged by today's standards? . There i is not one who has made his wealth ! growing cotton. Those who have; imassed a comfortable competence; growing cotton exclusively are few. most of them have made their money largely otherwise than by growing cotton. Our honorable secretary of agri-: culture is reported to have staged that i there was no such thing as the cost of production of cotton. Surely there must be an average cost of producing cotton and the producer should be al lowed a reasonable profit on his von- \ ture. In 1916 the average cost of cotton from Georgetown to the; mountains, was near GO cents per pound. The torrential rains swept, the whole wealth of the State and thousands merely existed the follow ing year. Should not the cost of the 1910 crop work in to an average of] years;? One might argue this was only a local condition and should] be disregarded: yet this condition ex-j ?sted over all of Alabama, part of Georgia, South Carolina and North Carolina and this year the drought in Texas has raised the cost of raising cotton in localities to ?1 per pound.] These conditions "happen" to every locality where cotton is grown ana: certainly a margin of profit must be! accorded the producer if he is to live' decently and pay the losses of bad years out of the income of good yea i s. Sinc?- cotton is raised largely by hand labor, naturally the cost of eot-j ton depends largely upon what a man who raises it is willing to work for. j !f he is satisfied to work for the old wages of 50 cents per day with other tilings at pre-war pries i 2 cents per pound will let us live. If th< cotton ? faVmer demands per day for bis time, and half as much for his wife; and children's time and with present prices for i"ols. fertilizers, etc.. ?t> cents per pound will meet his de mand. The farming lands on the Atlantic coast are the oldest and most de pleted lands in America. Tin- cotton crop, because of its clean culture, is a great destroyer of soil fertility. When Kansas was a howling waste so wild and fierce that tornadoes were afraid to travel singly and went in pairs over the State, South Caro lina and her eastern sister State were in their highest state of fertility. To day while Kansas is drawing upon her natural resources (her soil fertility) the cotton states are resorting to the use of commercial fertilizer to grow crops. Only one addicted to their 'use has any idea cf their cost. "Many: farmers who still maintain theh"; smoke houses and corn cribs in the \\'<st use :it the present prices to $60. worth of fertilizers pet- ! acre and plenty cf farmers use $25 to.$30 worth per acre, ft is plain; that high priced cotton is necessary! i.t) meet these conditions. Conditions are changing and jmust j change more cm Southern farms. Teh'! years ago :t was not unusual for a j . mily of five or six to be housed inj .i single room. Today, despite the! high cost of lumber, nails, etc.. much' ?arger houses are demanded by labor. A fna::ly who had one room right ful/ wants two; a family who for merly lived in two rooms, rightfully . demands four. Common decency de-j mands these improvements and many j more. Perhaps the people of the West would be interested io know a com-, mon saying of the negro of many, years standing, and always remember, ih neat w ls '.ought on time from! a tion merchant "A pound of cotton; is worth a noun.! of meat." And 1 lately a goo.! citizen of Texas ex-1 plained this text: "A pound of cotton is worth a pound of meat and, gen tlemen there is cotton and cotton as; w<?l as there is meat and meat, a pound of poor cotton is worth a pound of poor- meat?"sow belly**?and a pound of good cotton is worth a pound of good meat?ham?and. friends, my name is Ham and I want you to st.tnd by Ham for the price or Han:?35 cents." Anyone who lives near a tourist, town gets sick ana sore hearing these gentry, most <?f whom have gotten j rich out of some phase of the cotton j industry, complain of our roads and the general inconvenience of travel ing in the South. They do not know how hard it 1ms been with us for fifty years to accept all the responsibilities of free men and discharge these re sponsibilities on the wages of a slave. These men make one sore but the man who makes me sorest is the scallawag at home, who runs a skin ning game that could not be run i among a prosperous people. The South j has for years been the West's best customer. We have bought their meat.! their corn and their Hour at their j prices. \W have ridden in their bog. ; -,ies. driven their horses and plowed their mules and now. oh Lord! we must listen to the. braying of their a ss Mr. .Vieri, late dispenser of Chris-< i.ianity.in Prance, should remember, that trie lowest deed a man can bei guilty of is to steel his neighbor's; good name. It is evident he is "will- i mg," but he will not get any further!* than he did in Washington in his ef-; for! t.c besmirch the American army': in France. When we have completed : the moving of our corn cribs and ( smoke houses from the West to the!] South, our next step will be to raise j 1 our mules. Perhaps then we will wel- : come the bray of the brazen ass of,' Kansas. > ^ Another Trans-Atlantic Entry Halifax. March 31.?Colonel Ray , ? Collishaw, a Canadian aviator, sailed1 for England today to bring back an j: airplane to enter the Trans-Atlantic contest. He will attempt a flight j< from .Yew Foundland in May. ?1 j< - MANY LIKE THIS IN' S?3ITER. j - j, Similar Cases living Published in fEachj Issue. The following case is but one of many occurring daily in Sumter. !< is an easy matter to verify it: You cannot ask for better proof. ( W. M. Folsom, proprietor dry ; goods store. Main Street, says: , 1 ?i used Doan's Kidney Pills for trou-' ble with my back and kidneys. My back pained me nearly ail the U'ne and any quick move I made caused the pains to be all the more severe. It was difficult to get up af ter sitting down, because of the pains, j My kidneys acted irregularly and the secretions w< re highly colored and contained sediment. Doan's Kidney Pills, procured from Zemp's Phar macy, gave me the desired relief. Backaches and kidney trouble van- - ished. 1 felt better in every way.'* (Statement given March IT. 10OS.) On February 14, 191S, Mr. Folsom added: "I can always recommend < Doan's Kidney Pills as being reliable. Dean's have proven so to me. as I have always had good results from their use." Price GOc, at all dealers. Don'l simply ask for -a kidney remedy?get Doan's Kidney Pills?the same that Mr. Folsom had. Foster-Milburn Co.. Mfgrs., Buffalo. N. Y.?Advt. (47) Cotton Market - LOCAL. P. G. BOWMAN, Cotton Buyer. (Corrected Daily at 12 o'clock' Noon). <;ood Middling* 26. Strict Middling 25 1-2. 3| Middling 25. ? Strict Low Middling 22 1-2. i VKW VORK COTTON MARKET. | Tes'td'yi Open High Low Close Close (Old Style) . f May . . 23.9.0 24.30 23.S5 24.20 24.25 July . . 21.75 22.50 21.65 22.50 22.20 (New Style) May . .24.70 25.20- 24.48 25.96 24/77' July . .22.25 22.78 22.00 22.68 22,46 Oct . 20.10 20.85" 20.06 20.68 20.58 Russians Bitter Against League of Nations ________ * Red Handed Murderers Hate Allies Because They D$ Not Lay Aside Everything to Render Material Aid to Russia Vladivostok, Feb. 4 (Correspond ence of The Associated Press>?"The Russian nation follows with a harsh 'eeling of bitterness all the efforts for creating a League of Nations,'' de clares Dr. Vaclav Girsa, local mem ber of the Czech National Council. ''It comprehends with difficulty how. the .illied democracies can entertain this noble but rather distant idea, and at the same time look quietly on at what is transpiring in Russia." continued Dr. Girsa. ?'Russia today is in need of assist ance. First of all she needs.reorgan .-/cation of her ""railroads. NeveztSe less any form of assistance to Russia is imaginable only \n conjunction with a military expedition which would be able to guarantee that the undertaking will not be destroyed by pernicious rebellions and disorders which have become chronic along the Siberian midways. "In order, however, that such military intervention and economic assistance shall succeed, it is neces sary to carry it out according to a clearly defined plan, that is to say, the removal of the Bolshevik govern ment from Russia, the reestablish ment and maintenance of order and peace throughout the country up ' to the time when it will be possible far ? [he Russian people to constitute for themselves, freely and without coer cion, their desired form of govern ment. Such allied intervention will be accepted with exultation and with full confidence by all notwithstand ing its even more effiicent interfering svith internal Russian affairs." Adherence to the principle of non interference with Russian internal af fairs, he said, prevented the allies from supporting either the Siberian government or the government of tho Ufa directorate because of lack of assurance that either constituted a government having the confidence of i.hc nation. Similarly, he pointed out, neither of these governments, even with the best programs they could Jevis<. were able to win the confi ov.ee of the nation because they lack e the support of the allies. The re sult is a deadlock and a situation af fording fertile ground for new revolu :?ons calculated to strengthen Bolshe vism by driving into their ranks the wa vering left-socialism. J Chinese Consider Peace Peking. Match 51.?The reopening of the peace conference between rep resentatives of north and * south China at Shanghai next week has been indicated in official circles. ' FOR DRESSMAKING DEPART MENT?Three or four ladies want ed at once to help in dressmaking department. Apply at once. Si ? 'a wart1 Jros. FOR SALE?F, O. B. cars, Camp .la ok son. stable manure; very little straw. Car load lots only. Cfcemi' cai and Fertilizer value rated very high by Clemson college. A. A. Strauss. Sumter, S.*C. ? BEESWAX WANTED?Any quantity large or small Am paying bee? cash price. See me if you have any. N. G. Osteen. 12 Hour Kodak Finishing All rolls developed 10c; packs 20c up: prints. 2 l-2c-4c-5c: enlarging 25c up. Specialists?we do nothing but kodak finishing. AU werk guar anteed to please. Eastman Kodaks, Films. Supplies. Columbia Photo Finishing Co., Uli Taylor Street, Columbia, S. O?