Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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LODGE vs LOWELL ON WORLD PEACE Boston Hears Debate Between Senator and Harvard Pres . ident With Interest." LODGE ATTACKS COVE NANT IN PRESENT FORM He Claims to Be in Favor of League of Nations But is Against Eerything Proposed by Wilson. Boston, March ly.?"If the league shall.be put in such shape that it will promote peace instead of breed ing disorder and will work no injus tice to these United States. I will sup port it." said Senator Henry Cabot -Lodge in replying to a question of JPr?sident A. Lawrence Lowell of Harvard during their debate on the league of nations covenant tonight. ""I hope from my heart it will be amended," he added. "I hope that such a' league will be framed some where. In my belief it will not be /lone in Paris." A demand from Dr. Lowell that Mr. Lodge say whether he would vote ?pr the covenant if it were amended according to his wishes, led to the senator's declaration. Addressing an audience of 3,0u0 persons in Sym phony Hall, the distinguished speak ers were applauded liberally, fre quently and apparently impartially. There was no heckling, though cries of "Good" and "That's right" followed ielling points in the argu ments. Senator Lodge outlined his atti tude briefly, as in favor of a league of nations, but^ not of the covenant as presented. "The whole treaty should be re- j drafted," he asserted. "That is my first constructive criticism." The sen ator's reference to Theodore Robse Yelt's attitude as In opposition to such, a .'plan as was embodied in the ?? covenant drew applause. He said that he had discussed the idea of a league of nations with Mr. Roosecvcll two weeks before his death. "The 'position I have taken," he added, "in reference to this covenant, is one that had Mr. Roosevelt's full approval. r do not say this to transfer any load from my shoulders to his, but it is at the same time a support to know that my position in this matter is in agreement with his expressed convic tion." . Referring to the charge thn4 the criticisms of the covenant were not constructive, Senator Lodge pointed "out a number of ways in which he would amend the treaty, laying espe cial-stress on protection of the Mon- ? roe doctrine. i ."The hour is rapidly approach in sr." said Dr. Lowell, in summing up his. plea for the covenant, "when wo, must decide whether our county shall take its place like a groat and gener O?S nation side by side with othersj as guardians of law. order and justice; Til'the: world, or whether it shall turn its face away from a world in agony." He prefaced his argument with the statement that although he had al ways been a consistent Republican and frequently had been in agreement with Senator Lodge, he could not agree with his utterances on the 'league of nations covenant.'and still Hess with those of his senatorial col-: i leagues. Dr. Lowell maintained the correct-1 : ness of the covenant in principle, : arguing that while "very defective in j its drafting." and "easily misunder-j stood." it should 1>d "accepted andi : improved." i He described it as an experiment in : open diplomacy. To meet certain objections raised, j Dr. Lowell advocated the insertions of ; clauses in the covenant permitting, Withdrawals from the league on rea-i ;sonab;e notice, stipulating that no' foreign powers shall acquire any pos- ! i sessions on the American continents and making it. perfectly clear that; immigration and tariff problems are to be regarded as purely internal af-. ! fairs. j Symphony Hall was filled. Three; thousand persons had seats~and .100 ! * stood. Half of the audience was, made up of members of the legisla ' ture, federal and State judiciary.' governors of New England States.. army and navy officers, members of I the Harvard faculty, delegates of the central labor union and personal j guests of the debaters. The other; jhalf represented the lucky ones who ? had been awarded admission by; i chance from 25 times as many appli-j ! cations. j Gov. Calvin Coolidge presided, in-1 troduced the speakers and held the. :watch. Senator Lodge led off, speak-; hng for an hour. He received a noisy ; reception and was repeatedly inter rupted with apokauso. Senator Lodge. ;in opening his argument, said he was : not against a* league of nations, but 'was anxious to have the free nations; of the world unite to secure peace and ibring about "a general disarmament."' ; He also denied the charge of incon isistency because of speeches in 3313 land 1926. favoring ? "in general" a . league of nations. At this time and later, in fact up : to the very last, he explained, he was :n constant consultation with Colone] Roosevelt. "Two. weeks before his death." he said. "1 was with Theodore RooseveH for some/ hours, seeing him for two mornings in succession. The dra.f1 I now before the country was not then before us. but w<- discussed fully the league of nations in.all its bearings.] *\Ye were in entire agreement. The position that I have taken and now] ta-ke?had his foil approval. The line ! have followed in the senate and; elsewhere was the one he wished i<> have followed. 1 do nbi say this :</ transfer any itsponsibility from my shoulders to his. All 1 do and all I say is on my own responsibility atone." '?'Iii' question foe-fore us." Senator Lodge said, ? the only question of :i practical nature, is whether the league thai has been drafted by the! commissioh, of the peace conference .*: :'l Laid before it will tend to secure tin- peace of the world as it stands, and whether it is just and fair to the phited States of America.*" la answer to the charge that there had been no eons-met ive criticism of the league of nations Senator Lodge exclaimed: "My first constructive crit-t iciSTii is th.it this covenant ought to l;r redrafted." This is essential, he ? [added, be cause tin- sanctity of treaties j is vital above all else. As another constructive criticism.] jho demanded a definite statement in [?the covenant of the vote required in j the executive council for it "to rec ommend" or "advise" or "propose" ! ? as the case might be. Senator Lodge also deck:red for '?:* larger reservation of the Monroe doc-! [trine," the policy which stands on j itwo facts, geography and human na-j I ture, that are neither transient nor ' ephemeral. "Ii must not he within the juiisdic - tion of the league of nations to say who shall come into the United States/' he said. "To have other nations meddle with our tariff would run up against our constitution. "I offer an amendment to exclude Questions affecting immigration and the tariff from the purview of the league as a fourth constructive crit icism. "As another constructive criticism he called for a provision permitting withdrawal from the league to make unnecessary denunciation or abroga tion of the treaty. In concluding his opening argu ment Senator Lodge referred to the provision for mandatories with its failure to state "who will select them" for the nations. Cries of "No. No!" That nearly drowned scattering shouts of "Yes," arose when Senator Lodge, in empha sizing, the importance of article 10 in the covenant, asked if the American people would be willing to send forth "our sons to fight the battles of all the nations of the world." "Yet that is what is demanded." he added, "and the American people should ponder this soberly before accepting a covenant containing any such stip ulation." "If they arc ready to accept it, all right. If the American people are not ready to go. that article will have to go out of the treaty. If that league with t hat article had existed in the lSth century. Fra.nce could nor have assisted this country to win the Revolution. If that league had existed in ]s:<\ wo could not have in terfered and rescued Cuba from the clutches of Spain: we should have brought ;i war on with ;;il the other na.txons of the world. ??'I'( !?/);. the time has come to do it. I only wish tonight to call your attention to the gravity <>f that promise., to what i: means that it is morally binding: that there is no es cape whi n a guarantee of that sort is invoked. Think over it well* that is ail 1 ask. Consider it; And re member. tha( we mast make no promise to enter .;::!<> no agreement thai we are not going to carry out in letter and in spirit without re striction anil with out deduction.*' Senator Lodge spoke not unite an hoar. As he concluded there was a demonstration which was renewed a moment later wh Dr. Lowell was introduced. The Jailer's remarks <>'???<. frequent applause from the audience, Dr. Lowell laid the premises for his a:\gunien! by asserting that to be effective ;: league <-!' nations to pre vent war musl provide for oompuf s?>rj arbitration v/i n penalties for the offender that no nation would ven ture to incur. Punishment should be meted out not by a council of league but automotically by the agreed and immediate attitude of the members of the league who had bound them selves to resist the aggressor. Then he analyzed the proposed covenant to establish that though there were faults in the drafting, it offered the minimum essentials of an effective anti-war league. "The covenant of Paris." he said, 'is very defective in its drat fing.. Ii is easily misunderstood and lias hi fact booji widely misunderstood. Let us remember that in its present shape it is intended only as a draft subject to correction.*'. He summarized the provisions of the covenant and concluded that the obligations assumed by the members of the league were "to do. or.abstain from, definite acts, either continuous ly or on the happening of events de scribed: never under the. orders, or by direction of any organ of the league. The members agree to pre serve one another's integrity and in Copyright 191? kr K. .f. Reynold! Tobacco Co. NEVER was such right-handed-two fisted smokejoy as you puff out of a jimmy pipe packed with Prince Albert! That's because P. A, has the quality! You can't fool your taste apparatus any more than you can get five aces out of a family deck! So, when you hit Prince Albert, coming and going, and get up half an hour earlier just to start stoking your pipe ox- rolling cigarettes, you know you've got the big" prize on the end of your line I Prince Albert's quality alone puts it in a class of its own, but when you figure that P. A. is made by our exclusive patented process that cuts out bite and parch?well?you feel like getting a flock of dictionaries to find enough words to express your happy days sentiments! Toppy red bags, tidy red tins, handsome pound end half-pound tin htmidors?and?that cfazsy. practica! pound crystal glass humidor with sponge moistener top that keeps the tobacco in sach perfect condition. R. J? Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem? N? C> i "" j I dependence absolutely, not because ' j directed to do so by the league." I "On the other hand." he continued. ; "the'executive council is limited toj I consultation and recommendation j which the members of the league are ! under no obligation to accept.* 1 "The fear of a super-sovereign i bodv. to which we are asked to sac j ritice our independence, is the cre I ation of an overheated imagination.. { No organ of the league has any au I thority to give commands to this coun ! try that need give us a moment's anx ? iety. The only substantial powers {that any such body is to possess, be ! yond making recommendations, are i derived from an unanimous decision in an international dispute contrary to which a nation may not go to war; ! and from the right to forbid an in ! crease in armaments or to direct the ; duties of a mandate in case wc. first agree to the reduction of armaments or to the assumption of the mnn ! date." (? Dr. Lowell summed up his review ' of the league in these words: j "The strength of such a league lies j lr> the obligations assumed directly by the several members of the i league; and this is both the effective and least adventurous method of pre venting war." "The opponents of the league," he continued, "set up an imaginary scarecrow of their own creation and j then lire at it with great satisfaction j to themselves. If the United States j is not subject to the orders of the executive council, it is senseless to talk of our being ruled by a body in I which we have only one vote out of j nine.;' 'it would seem to be clear," Dr. j Low?dl said in discussing objections J raised against the league, "that the : framers of the covenant did not in j . j tend to submit to the .council the in i temal affairs of the members of the j league rind if there is any serious j doubt on the question there will doubtless bo no objection to making it perfectly clear." Coming to the .Monroe doctrine, I which he said "was the greatest bug I bear- of all." -Mr. Lowell expressed the opinion that the United States would j be justified in asking for a clause in : the covenant that no foreign power I siiouid acquire any possession on the American continents or tin- adjacent j islands. However, he .said, the cove ! mint extended the doctrine over the I world anil its adoption would relieve j the United States of any suspicion of j imperialistic designs on its American 1 neighbors." ".Finally." raid the speaker "an ob ?jeetion is made to'the covenaid on I the ground thai its provisions are. con trary to the constitution of the Unit led States, on tin- -round that a treaty j'to limit armaments or to require a I Commercial boycott, or to guarantee ! the teritory of another country, or to iimit the right to declare war arc ; contrary to the powers vested in ccn I cress. Now it so happens that all ! these things have been regulated by ? treaties already made, still in exist - i ence and duly ratified by the sen jate. Treaties regulating commerce in I various Ways have boon common and j-'are too ntimi rous to require citation. [ "'With the approval of the senate tin* is IT. an agreement wits made with j England to limit the naval forces of ! the two countries upon the great j lakes. I "l.:y the treaty of IS46 th:> United i States guaranteed the sovereignty ,and property of New Granada over j the Isthmus of Panama. Dr. Lowell cited other treaties and ; added: j "Finally, between 1014 and 1010, the United States made treaties with j 20 nations to refer to arbitration dis putes 'of every nature whatsoever,' ?and not to go to war until after the j award. j "It is a little late in the day for [ opponents of the covenant of Paris to i discover that its treaty obligations, i are unconstitutional, and henc-e, that l all the foregoing are null and void. [This is particularly true of those sen ators who voted for many of these treaties." Referring. to the farewell address! of George Washington the speaker! said: "It was a great document in itsj day and so was the Ten Command-j I ments." j Mr. Lowel] concluded as follows: I "The princii?al obligations the i United States would assume in the league: j ' To respect and preserve against external aggression the territorial in tegrity and existing political inde tfoudorai?" of the small members of he league (Article 10). "T do not mean to comment on .hese as 7 go along," he continued, j 'but Senator Lodge has referred to j -that and said if that had been in ex-j I istonee we could not have taken Cu \ 'v.i: that France could not have: j "oined against Kngland with us in the! ; lit v? stationary War. Hut I want! :nerejy f<; add that had there been! i ajoh ?? league, with that provision., phis war eonhl not have occurred, i j Was the Spanish VVar by which we! j look Cuba?Was it worth this war?! j Thai is the sor t of question that we I have to decide. I The audience seemed disposed lo bej I impartial and .-main the applause was! ; general ns Dr. Lowell finished. Dr. Lowell had spoken an hour and,' 120 minutes, Senator Lodge closed !the do barf e. oecupvlng another half! I liour. With apparent feeling, the! senator said: I ; iti er'^gaged in dealing with the ? j ;? -league thai has I>?-i? t> presented to the ! j oeople t t the Itjiited States. I hopcij i from in;.' heart it will !>?? amended. I!i hope we shall have a league in proner i f.irni, r i r< 11 .?-rl \ j>r?*p;'t re?I- I hope j will ' done doli?.* somewhere before; hi.: end is reached. In my belief it i ??ill be somewhere ?nd no! in Paris, i J "'J seimt<- Ullder !))-? ?onstil u jj :? !i has Ihe righl l<? advise and con-] :fiu. 1>' I be president <>f the. I'riifedjJ <i ;.*?>? s !im<1 done whai other presidents I b nl done ? In- had laid i ha I before j safe ii he had followed the j <?? .i... pie "i' other presidents- -then j w could have taken constructive ac-j ?ton. i! u s done t?y Andrew .l:ok-; ':.>n. I?y General '".rant, by fIeorge YWslrngion :md v Abraham Lincoln. ! And in the path that George Wash- , i? i? ? 11?is and Abraham Lincoln have [walked there is no man too great to; ?i ' 1 (nan. ! -if ths president had laid that' draft before the senate, as these oth er presidents have done, if he had said to the seriate: *1 submit this! draft to you for your advice. I hope I for your approval and for such sug- j gestions as you may have to make, j he would have had the amendments: laid before him to present to the! peace conference in Paris. The bat- j tie would have been more than half i j won by the mere submission. "He not only did not lay it before the j I constitutional body which is entitled j ! to advise him, but he does not call the i ! senate together now to consider it. If; j they want to know in Paris what i amendments were required, call to-j j gether the constitutional advisers of j the president and the amendments j j will be drafted and sent. But one ? j senator can not speak with authority! [ for the entire body. Call them to- j j gether and the amendments will bei ! presented; and if they are adopted the treaty will be ratified in w>ry short| : order." ! BAXQUET FOR MR. E. H. RHAME. j _ ! Heads of Departments of Srnnter I Electric Works Pay Deserved Com ! pliment to Their Long Time Asso ciate. Mr. E. H. Rhame. for nearly twen ty years chief book-keeper of the Sumter Telephone Manufacturing Co., j and the Sumter Electrical Works, into which the former company was merg ed, was Tuesday night guest of hon I or at a beautiful and most enjoy jable manquet given by the heads of i departm? nts and office men of the J corporation, as a testimonial of their j esteem, the occasion being Mr. I Rhame's retirement from the ser vice of the company to accept the of ! tice of City Clerk and Treasurer. ! The banquet was served in the din j ing room of the Claremont, which 'was tastefully decorated for the oc casion. The table which seated thirty-four was particularly beautiful, j the decorations being in green and j white, and gold, in honor of St. Pat rick's Day. There were a profusion ! of green-tinted white carnations, ferns land Irish flags; the arrangement ho ling as charming as artistic, i After full jus! ice ha i been done to J the menu, Mr. .1. Frank Duffy. Man lager of the Sumter Electrical Works. I of the Splitdorff Electrical Co., who acted as toast master, introduced Mr. j 11. P. Moise. who speaking for his as sociates, paid a tribute to Mr. Rhame in his usuai eloquent manner. Mr. I Jos. A. Warren; the oldest employe of the company, in point of service, pre sented to Mr. Fthitme a cosily ami beautiful gold watch, suitably engrav ed as a testimonial of the-esteem and affection in which he has been and always will be held by the men of the [company, and as.a memento of their long and pleasant association, j Mrt'i Rhame in responding to the presentation speech, spoke of the long land friendly asociation and his re gret that he would not in future be n such close and intimate touch with these friends whom he had learned to value- above any other possession. He expressed his appreciation of the handsome gift thai had been made and the feeling that had prompted the gift. ; Mayor .1? nnings who was present as a guest, was called on for a speech and he took advantage of the opportunity to place on record his es teem of Mr. Rhame, saying that it was this feeling and the knowledge that he had of Mr. Rhame's ability and the reputation that he had built up in this community by a life-time of faithful service and his high char acter-as a man and a citizen, which caused him. as mayor of Sumter, to ask Mr. Rhame to enter the service of the city as the custodian of its 1 records and funds. Mr. Adam Team, under whose di-; rection the banquet was arranged and served was called on for a speech but. he excused himself. Mr. Duffy made a brief and appro priate speech in bringing the pleas ant occasio7i to a close. Mr. Duffy road telegrams from Mr. Van Deven ter and Mr. Landermeer, expressing their regret that they could not be present and extending best wishes for: Mr. Rhame in his new field of labor and responsibility. Food Burned In My StomacK This S. C. Merchant Says Hev Often Vomited ?p His Meals. Dreco Has Relieved All His Troubles. '?] have frequently vomited up mg meals that I had just eaten, on ac count of having such a weak sbrh ach."' declares that well known met:-. chant,' Mr. W. D. Blackweli of In man, S. C. "Everything I ate burned like fire in my stomach, and soured, forming foul gas which bloated.me up. I got very nervous and bilious; often had spells cf heartburn and my bowels were bound up all the time. Oik.- of m.v customers one day ad* vis^-d me tu try Dreco. as it had help ed her so much, and she sure did me a good turn by giving me this advice, for 1 am in better, shape now than I have been for years. My appetite is big. yet my stomach digests every thing 1 cat and gives me strength and does not lie heavy (Jr burn as it used, to. I have not vomited once since: ? iinished the first bottie of,Dreco, My bowels are regular, nerves steady, liver acis fine?in fact, I've got my; ohl time "snap" and vigor and Dre co is due all the credit for this great change in my condition." Dreco is ;< combination of nature's own herbal juices which act on the stomach, liver, kidneys, bowels, and, the blood. Iis action is prompt and ofiicient. < All good druggists now sell Dreed' and it is especially recommended fu Sumter by Sibert's Drug Store.?Advt. TOTAL ENROLLMENT 1,202. .Statistics of the White Public Schobfe Show Steady Growth. I The reports of the white public; ; schools just issued show 'a total en I rollment up to date of 1,202 pupils. ; Of this number there are in the. pri ijiiary grades, .first to fourth inclusive, j 545 pupils: in the grammar grades, ' iifth to seventh inclusive, 359 pu ! pils. and in the High School 29S. ' % j There are in the primary grades. ; 289 boys, 2:,'; girls; in the gramm?r I grades ICC boys at id 193 girls: in the t High School Del boys and 144 gorls. . In the grammar grades there arc 27 \ more girls than boys. There are 10 'more boys in the JD^h School than. I girls and J 0 more boys in the whole 'school than girls. In the Fourth : Year of the High School, there is k*. even number of boys and girls?24 j boys and 24 girls. Kingstree. March 18.?G. B. Pat ? rick, a well known and esteemed -; j youns: man of the county, committed 'suicide at the home of his father-in law. Mr. J. D. Galoway, in the IndianV j town section, about 9.20 Sundays*. " morning, by firing a pistol ball mto. his brain. The young man. had been despondent for some time. HOLDERS OF LIBERTY BONDS 1 are advised to hold them. If you * must sell, deal only with respon- | sible bankers. We Buy and Sell LIBERTY BONDS All Issues and Denominations. Write us if interested. - TRUST COMPANY OF GEORGIA Capital and Surplus, $2,000,000 Member Federal Reserve System ATLANTA. OA. lytt 4 ft s m, Tbe national Bank oi South Carolina of Sumter .$ 200,000.00 capital . SURPLUS .175,000.00 RESOURCES .2.000,000.00 A bank big enough, strong enough, and liberal enough to take care of the legitimate needs of all its custo mers. O.G. ROWLAND. President F E. HINNAMT. Cashier. BANK iSTH snd you can BANK SI The First National Bank SUMTER. S. C.