The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, February 05, 1919, Image 4
ff % Itejinnm m SfiKijjron.
Published Wednesday and Saturday
;. ? ' ? -by?
OsasasK publishing company
s?mter? S. O. \
Terms:
?1-50 per annum?in advance.
Advertisements.
One Square $rst Insertion s. ..$1.0$
Every subsequent insertion.50
Contracts for three months, or
kmger will be made at reduced rates.
All communications which sub
serve private interests will be charged
for as advertisements.
Obituaiies and tributes of respect
??l be charged for.\
The Sumter Watchman was found
in IS50 and the True Southron m
5366. The Watchman and Sout?ron
abw has the combined circulation anc
influence of both of the old papers.
; *nd is manifestly the best adverusi:-..
medium in Sumter.
Washington, Feb. 1.?Rain Monday,
probably clearing Tuesday, generally
? lair thereaf ter, temperature slightly
above normal is the weather-forecast
: for Southeastern States during the
coming week.
?.' /? It is reported that William Jen
'-- Jiings Bryan has consented to appear
in vaudeville for the mere pittance of
$1,500 a week. He is quoted as say
ing that he had tried almost every
* .thing else and might as well try the
vaudeville stage. Apparently Mr.,
' Bryan is the man who is willing to;
*^ry anj-thing once." Such being the;
case, he will have to forgive h?s aud- {
ience if they feel the same way.
* * ?..
?/The Russians around Archangel!
-hate white bread. They say they I
- &ave eaten black bread for fifty years!
I. and dislike the change. Why not or
. ganize a Black Bread Relief Society?
- It might solve the disposal of all those.
substitutes which one government!
, made us buy last winter, but ten could j
not make us eat.
* * *
-" The French say they have a com-1
plete list of every piece of machin-;
ery or machine part stolen from them j
and from Belgium, and its present j
location, in Germany. And yet Sher- =
; iock Kolmes is supposed to be a pure- j
ly English product. j
* * *
: The Kaiser's religious scruples alone j
have kept him from committing sui-j
cidei Probably the religious forni |
which he observes promises future j
punishment for the evil-doer, and he!
is afraid to take a chance.
' . * * *
? ' i
It would be easier to know what to>
de about Mexico if it were k;v>v
how much of the Mexican news is fact'
and how-much is propaganda.
RE?RGAXJZIXG FARM EMPLOY-1
MENT. !
It is all very well to talk of]
j
"bringing the soldier back to the;
land." But suppose the soldier balks!!
As the demobilization proceeds,!
there is disquieting evidence that I
the .-big cities are filling up with sol- i
diers. "The men from the country I
do not want to go back to the farm i
: j
after they have seen New York and j
other, big towns," explains an army j
man.
. If:the men accustomed to farm life!
s i ?
will not go back, how can men un-!
familiar with farming be expected to j
flock to the land? Besides the lure i'
of the city, which appeals likewise tor
them, there is the natural disinclina- j'
tion to tackle a totally new job in a!
new environment. j;
. Obviously farm work has got to be P
made more attractive if the two |
great emergencies now confronting j"
: the- nation are to be met?if the farms!
arc- going to be made fully productive]
and if labor is going to be fully em- j
ployed.
The department of agriculture is1
busy with plans to solve this double
problem. Its efforts are along a dif
ferent line from those of Secretary)
Xane. While Dane's department seeks j
to settle soldiers on new lands, the
agricultural department seeks to place I
men on farms already developed j
which lack the single element of man. j
power. j
j It is recognized, wisely, that the j
first essential in attracting new men j
to such farms is that their jobs .shall j
be not of the emergency or seasonal j
kind, but permanent places. Tho men i
must be employed the year around
as they would expect to be in a fac
tory. They must also have good
wages; And there must be good hous
ing conditions, in order to attract the
most dependable type of work or. the
man with a family.
If farm work can be re-organized
along these lines, it will work a revo
lution in the farming industry and
will be a timely relief to the over
burdened cities.
TRETE GREAT EXPERIMENT.
Perhaps it is just as well, after all,
that the Bolsheviki are Bolshevik ::ig
the way they are in Russia. The ex
perience must be very unpleasant for
Russia, and is perturbing enough
even to outsiders at this fairly safe
distance, but.much cood may come
out of it. For it is the greatest la
boratory experiment ever made in
political economy.
For the first time, the political and
economic theories of Karl Marx are
being put into practice literally. For
the first time simon-pure Socialism is
having a try-out and having it on a
vast scale, with the world looking on.
Other nations may almost con-:
gratuitae themselves, even now, that
any nation had the rashness to tackle
such ? task. For though the menace
still looms, already the experiment
seems marked for failure, just as any
clear-headed thinker, seeing facts as
they are. might have foretold.
Modified types of Socialism may
succeed, by* adapting themselves to
'human nature and contemporary in
j stitutions. ?.iarxism, the dream of a
j mere theorist who could not evenj
I earn a living for his own family, I
I gees against some of the deepest in
stincts of human nature and against
unassailable facts of modern business
life.
! Abolishing all private property, it
j abolishes the principal incentive to
j work. At the same time it destroys
! credit, without which modern busi
! ness cannot be conducted.
This is vital. It is mainly from the
destruction of credit that the pres
ent economic paralvsis has come over|
Russia. That paralysis, inytime, will <
surely destroy1 the Bolshevist move
ment, unless Russians by millions
j choose to continue detinitely defying
j facts and starving for theories.
It is an error of reason, become
epidemic. Unless all the ordinary
processes .of sane thinking are false,
it will, run its course, giving way to
a reaction of common sense. Marx
ism will then have had its day in
court and been repudiated by the acid
test of experience.
If it will work anywhere, it will
work in Russia. If it won't work in
Russia, we shall be done with it.
THE JOBLESS SOLDIER.
It is a wise rule made last week by
the war department permitting sol
diers to remain in the army until they
can obtain civilian jobs.
It amounts to letting the soldier
himself decide when he will leave the
service. He is expected, presumably,
to make an honest effort to find em
ployment elsewhere, but he is not
being forced. Any enlisted man whose
unit is being demobilized may hand in
a written request to remain. He will
then be retained until he obtains civil- j
ian employment. His salary will be j
paid as usual, and if he is married
his family will continue to draw its
allotment of his pay. The men held
over will be attached to the most
convenient units and used "where
their services will be most useful."
There is no lack of work to which
these men might be put. If the bus
iness situation should be such as to
keep large numbers in the service,
they could be utilized on a big scale
in irrigation and drainage work,
clearing,.forests, building docks or ,
dams and other activities of a con-.
structive and conservational nature.],
_ j
BIG STICK AT VERSAILLES.
The peace conference has swung a
big stic!:. No less vigorous a term *
will convey the vigorous intent of the 1
five big powers in their recent warn- *
ing to their scrappy little brethren t
who. during the armistice, have gone
on fighting, each trying to grab what 1
it wants while the grabbing looks
good.
It must have been considerable of
a. shock to these lighting-cocks to be
informed that The new boundary lines
will be drawn absolutely according to
radical facts and merits, on principles
of abstract justice, and that none of
them will be allowed to retain terri
tory seized by violence since Novem
ber 11. For once, possession is not!
"nine points of the law." It is not!
even one point. j.
The warning applies to the Czecho- j
Slovaks, the Jugo-Siavs. the Rouman
ians, the Serbians, the Poles, the
Greeks and various other small na
tionalities. It even applies to Italy,
one of the big fr. e who issued the)
warning, in view of her claims on the
eastern side of the Adriatic and her {
encounters with the Jugo-Slavs who
dispute her claim.
j If the grabbing stops and the j
; Quarreling nations acquiesce, the j
j peace conference will have won a sin- j
j gle triumph, full of good omen for j
Jthe future, it will, indeed, have exer
cised one of the principal functions of I
jthe forthcoming league of nations. Its|
action is therefore a big step toward
jthe completion of that league and the!
? fulfillment of the world's desire.
I I
THE VANISHED MAID SERVANT, j
A woman said the other dav thai
j " j
only there could be a wave of im-i
'migration soon, there might be some
help out of domestic service difflcul
' ties." This view seems to he fairly;
common among women who were a< -
eumstomod to domestic help beforej
the war. and who either cannot af
ford the haughty and high-priced
maiden who wants half the husband's
salary, or who cannot find servant? at
any price.
it is a mistaken view. No immi
[gration possible tinder the new con
: ditions will bring back the old-time
j servants: They may be. here and
! there, as Simeon Strunsky mentions
in .a current magazine, "vestigial
tntccs." .But traces are all that arc
left. The race is extinct,
i This being the case, the thing fcr
' women tu do is to stop wailing over
[ the good old days of the bygone ago.
and put their minds to serious con
sideration of what the future may
bring forth. Machinery answers many
of tho questions of the service prob
lem. Co-operative use of machinery
answers many more. Intense individ
ualism must give way to ownership
in common of some of these things.
Kindergartens which are really
day nurseries, admitting children from
two to six for three or four hours a
day under the care of child experts,
may answer some other needs. Noth
ing but human help will tide a moth
er over the first years with small
children and insufficient strength.
Women who help with babies should
have more and better training in the
future than they have had. Some
hospitals in New York have been giv
ing six months training to "baby
nurses" for several years. These
nurses have been available only for
the wealthy. They must be put with-,
in the reach of all.
Service from outside?cooked food
services, laundry-and-mending ser
vices, house-cleaning services and so
on may help. Maid service by the
hour may solve some problems.
The situation is this: The maidser
vant is gone forever as we used to
know her. Gone for good, in more
senses than one. Her work remains.
It must be done. What are the far
sighted and constructive women of
the country going to do about it?
MONEY FOR ROADS.
This should be the greatest road
building year in American history.
The demand for better highways is
universal. Nearly every State and
nearly every section of every State
!:as been planning new road construc
tion, or ought to be planning it. to
:he limit of its ability. That ability is
:o be largely increased by federal aid.
An appropriation of $285,000,000 to
further this purpose has been approv
ed by the postal committees cf both
louses of congress and seems sure to
pass. It will make one-third of that
imount available up to June 30 of the
prcsr-nt year, and the other two-thirds
the two following years. This is in
iddition to the millions already pro
vided under the existing federal aid
ict.
As in the act mentioned, this new
lid will be contingent on the various
i
States or parts thereof, guaranteeing
.o spend an amount equal to what the
government contributes. This should
)o a powerful stimulus to local enter
prises.
It is also specified that in employ
ing men fcr the work, preference
>hall be given to discharged soldiers,
hus helping to keep down the sup
>ly of unemployed labor. The reason
ableness of so doing should commend
tself to any state or county.
It is none too soon to start prep
.rations fcr the summer read-build-j
ng campaign. There ought to be sev-1
ral hundred mil M?ns spent on jpoads
his year. Trie expenditure of a round
lillion would be a wise and profitable
n vestment.
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY.
The Journal of the American Mcd
cal Association tells of a proprietary
xoultice advertised as composed
nainly of "the finest anhydrous and
evigated argillaceous mineral." Pur
ihasers. much impressed with these
ine words, never guess that they
neon simply "dry. powdered clay."
A proprietor who charged $2.50 an
)uncr for salt and sugar dissolved in |
jydrant water, without telling the]
?ompositio.n of his nostrum, might?
lave got away with it grandly and j
rioriously, the Journal suggests, by j
riving this truthful account:
"My preparation is composed of j
minimal quantities of a. member of the'
disaccharid carbohydrates. derived j
from the hexoses and capable of
yielding two hexose molecule:: by
hydrolysis, having as a general for
mula C-12 E-22 6-1.1, and crystalliz
ing in mcnoclinic prisms, together
with an interesting chemical combi
nation of natrium and chlorin. which,
in its natural state, forms anhy
drous, cubical, or octahedral white!
crystals. These are dissolved in a col- j
orless, limpid fluid compounded of
hydrogen and oxygen."
Thus anyone may see how easy it j
is to impress th^ public by making j
use of the verbal resources of the
medical profession. Medicines, pat
ent and otherwise, seem mysterious
because of the high-sounding names
doctors give them.
Why no' sweep away all that jar
gon, except for use in technical pub
lications intended only for physicians'
eyes, and name medical materials in
plain English?
"THE SAME LANGUAGE."
Senator Ashurst of Arizona, com
menting on the pleasing progress
made by !h<- peace conference, says:
"I wish the senate of 11m- United
States could act with the same pre
cision und the same directness as that
g?ttou no mm ?w8
If you have cotton to sell, see us, it will pay you.
If you have fertilizer or fertilizer materials to buy it will pay
you to see us before you buy, Cash or approved collateral.
9 West Liberty Street
j polyglot assemblange over at Ver
saillcs. They speak many language:
an.-] make much progress. The senate
speaks hut one language, and pro
ceeds slowly.*'
The whole nation joins him in this
fervent wish. And perhaps a word of
comment will add to the effective
ness of this frank statement.
Despite their superficial differences
of speech, those peace delegates have
been making progress, along desirable
lines, because (fundamentally they
speak and understand the same lan
guage?the language of human long
ing and aspiration which comes elo
quently today from the Hps of the
plain people of all lands.
The United States senate has gec
nowh,ere, and has interfered with the
progress of those who have been try
ing to get somewhere, because the
senators, seeming superficially to
use the same tongue, have been
speaking the discordant languages of
prejudice, partisanship and sectional
interest, wherefore they do not un
derstand each other, nor , dees the
public understand them.
What the senate, and what congress
as a. whole, needs to do is to learn
and speak the common language of
humanity Instead of the dialect of the
legislative ante-room.
Rummage, Sale.
The ladies of the Sumter Civic
League have opened wide the door of
opportunity for every man, woman,
boy and girl, in this county to help
pay for the county health survey and
rural visiting nurse for the rural dis
tricts of Sumter county, by the rum
mage sale at the Court House grounds
on .Saturday. February 8th between
10 a. m. and 5 p m.
Surely every one in the rural dis
tricts can afford to contribute some
salable commodity such as preserved
fruits, vegetables, pickles, eggs, chick
ens, hams, canned goods, butter, corn,
peas, and other salable farm products
when it is considered that the health
survey and rural visiting nurse are
being secured for the exclusive bene
fit of the people of the rural districts.
Any salable article from a can or jar
of preserves to a cord of wood will be
appreciated and easily sold for the
general public good.
The Sumter Civic. League ladies are|
certainly actuated by the most tin-;
selfish motives in giving of their time
and public spirit to arrange this rum
mage sale for rural health work and j
a nurse for the exclusive benefit of j
the men. women, boys and girls of the ]
rural districts. ,
The ladies and girh> of the home
demonstration clubs and canning and
tomato clubs now have a splendid op- j
portunity to got busy and appoint ru- j
ral committees of girls and women to |
solicit commodities for the rummage
?jale. The Sumter women and girls
have organized their committees and
have taken the lead in this matter.
The rural districts ought to show their '
interest by doing something without J
unnecessary delay. Only a very small [
amount is asked of each family or in
dividual, and by organizing and co
oper; ting a good sized sum of money
can be realized without working any;
hardship on any one individual or j
family. j
Men. women, boys and girls, farm
ers, country and city merchants, j
bankers and banks, manufacturers, j
families and indivduals, all may con-1
tribute something". T would like to
see the rural districts manifest some:
considerable interest in this effort ofi
the Sumter women to do something'
for their sisters of the rural districts.
It can be depended upon that city of
Sumter people will do their share be
cause they know that what helps
their fellow citizens of the ri ral dis
tricts surely helps the city Sum
ter and the entire county of Sumter.'
Mrs. Nina Solomons is the chairman j
of the city of Sumter committee and j
will receive all contributions for this
rummage sale.
E. I. Reardon,
Managing Secretary. Sumter County j
Chamber of Commerce.
GERMANS LOST 24)3 IT-BOATS.
London. Jan. tin.?British Wireless]
Service?Of the 203 German sub-;
marines, lost during the war, it is es
timated hoe semi-officially 120 were
sunk with all on board and that in I
rho others an average of half the,
crew perished.
The complement of the Herman
submarines varied. Some small boats
had only thirty on board, while the
crew of a boal of the cruiser type av
eraged between fifty and sixty.
The British navy during tlm war
!os1 fifty-nine submarines, thirty
ime of which were destroyed by the
enemy.
Of the remainder, four were intern
ed by neutrals, seven were blown un
in the Baltic sea. four were sunk by
nccidenl of trial cruises and five were
wrecked in collisions.
j Another League Plan
; Bourgeois Presents Proposal bv
Society of Nations.
j Paris, Fob 1.? (Cy the Associated
j Press)?Leon Bourgeois, the French
j delegate on the society of nations, to
Iday presented to President Wilson,
i Premier Clemenceau, Premier Lloyd
George, and Premier Orlando the text
I of the proposal for the formation of
! the league us agreed upon by the
international organization, embrac
j ing the American, of which Win.
j Howard Taft is president; the British
I of which Viscount Grey is president;
j the Italian, French and other asso
ciations.
j M. Clemenceau had previously ask
j ed M. Bourgeois to secure an agree
ment on the details among the advo
cates of the project in all countries,
ant"! the plan presented today was hi
response to this request.
It provides for compulsory arbitra
tion in all disputes without excep
tions; the limitation of armaments
and a series of penalties against na
tions provoking war, and a detailed
provision is made for the organization
of a society of nations, to which all
countries giving guarantees of loyal
intentions are admitted. The text of
the provisions-follows:
'Firstly?To submit all disputes
: arising between themselves to meth
jods of peaceful settlement,
j ??Secondly?To prevent or suppress
; jointly by the use of all means at
j their disposal any attempt by any
? State to disturb the peace of the
J world by acts of war.
j "Thirdiy?To establish an interna
j tional court of justice charged with
j the duty of deciding all justiciable
disputes and to ensure the execution
I of its decisions by all appropriate in
! ternational sanctions?diplomatic, ju
j ridic. economic, and, if necessary, mil
' itary.
"Fourthly? (I) To establish an in
'fernaticnai representative council,
'' which will provide for the develop
I ment of international law and take
? common action in matters of general
j concern.
I "(2) The representative council will
[watch over the freedom of natiojis
land the maintenance of? international
\ order.
i "(3) Considering itself invested with
the moral guardianship of uncivilized
[races, the representative council will
i seer re the execution and, in ease of
'need, promote the development of in
? ternational covenants necessary for
j the protection and progress of these
I races.
I "(?') A permanent committee of
\ conciliation shall take in hand all
j di-'Tcrenoes between the associated
I nations. The committee will act, in
: the first instance, as conciliator or
[mediator, and. if necessary, it will re
fer the differences, according to their
nature, either to arbitration or to a
court of justice. It will be charged
with all such inquiries as it consid
ers useful and will determine the ne
cessary limits of time and conditions.
In every and any State refusing to
obey either the award of the arbi
trator or the decision of the commit
tee, the application Of appropriate
sanctions will be proposed to the rep
resentative council and the associated
govi mmenis by the committee. These
sa.actions shall be obligatory in the
case of violence or aggression.
'?(5) To limit ana supervise the
armaments of en eh nation and the
manufacture of all material and mu
nitions of war. having regard to the
requirements of the league.
"(0) To renounce the making of se
cret treaties.
"(7) -To admit to the leagurt on the
basis of equal right before the law
all people able and willing to give
effective guarantees of their loyal in
tention to observe its covenants.
TAX RETURN NOTICE.
I will appear in person or by deputy
at the following named places, and
on the dates given below, for the pur
pose of receiving tax returns for year
1919. Return should be made on per
sonal property, poll, road and dogs: j
Privateer Station?Wednesdav. Jan.
s- !
Lev: Siding?Thursday. Jan. 9.
Wedgefield?Friday. Jan. 10.
Claremont?Wednesday. Jan. 15.
Hagood?Thursday, Jan. 16.
Rembert?Friday. Jan. 17.
Dalzell?Wednesday, Jan. 22.
Brogdoh? Thursday. Jan. 2H.
Mayesville?Friday. Jan. 24.
Pleasant ("rove?Tuesday. Jan. 2S.
Shiloh?Wednesday. Jan. 29.
Xorwood Cross Roads?Thursday.
Jan. 30.
R. F. WILDER.
Auditor.
English Want to Colonize in Mexico.
M: ::ieo City. Jan. Irl.?The British
consulate here has receive.] official in
quiries from London in regard to the
possibility of establishing English ag
ricultural colonies in the State ef
Coliraa, Tabasco. Guanajuato and
Vera Cruz. The inquiries are said to
be preparatory to carrying out de
mobilization plans.
!
. Coon Skin Game
\ Denmark Negro Farmer Falls
Victim to Trickster.
|-The Columbia State,
j M. W. D. Faust, hard working: ne
! gro farmer from Denmark, arrived
j in Columbia yesterday with visions of
i wealth and happiness for himself and
) family. He was accompanied to the
capital city by another negro who was
known as Dr. J. W. Moore, represent
ing a syndicate which had a special
plan to put people in high life on
! short notice.
Faust and Dr. Mocre came to Co
lumbia yeoterday morning and went
to the State House. When Moore sep
arated from Faust and took with him
$200 hard earned dollars which Faust
! had brought to the city to complete
] a deal whereby he was to receive
t$135,000. After losing his money the
I Denmark negro sought Lawyer A. W.
! Holman and told his story.
Faust said a negro came to his
home last Tuesday morning and in
troduced himself as Dr. J. W. Moore.
The visitor made himself agreeable
and together they went on a fishing
trip. Arriving at the stream Moore
began to dig and in a short time he
pulled up some mineral which made
him chuckle from glee. Faust became
interested when the stranger inform
ed him he was a rich man. His farm
was lined with Indian gold. Ten
pieces came from the hole and they
1 hurried to the house. Moore told
j Faust to pack the gold in a package
and send it to J. W. Wilson, 1212
Special Avenue, Washington, D. C,
j for examination and advice. The pack
j age left for its destination and a
quick reply informed Faust that he
I must send some more and roughly,
j estimated the find would be worth*
j $135,000 to him and as much more to
1 each of three other members, of-his
family.
Faust was asked to come to Co
lumbia on Friday and to bring -$240
to cover cost of examination and inci
dentals. The unsuspecting negro
made arrangements to carry out di
rections and yesterday he landed in
jthe city with his friend Moore. The
men went* to the State House where
Moore secured the crisp green backs.
Faust was told to stay right there
until Moore came back. This occur
j red at 2 o'cJock yesterday afternoon.
Faust sat at the same spot until 4
o'clock when he began to feel that
something had happened. He made
a search for the confidence man but
failed to find him. He is out of his
.$"00 and the visions of wealth have
burst like a bubble.
The missing man is described as
being about 30 years old, brown skin,
five feet ten inches high, short teeth
and kinky hair. He wore a black
shirt, tan shoes and gray hat. The /
police have been notified to look out
for Dr. Moore and Faust expects to
make complaint to government auT
thorities.
SAYS LOWER MEAT IS NEAR.
? (New York Herald.)
Xew York City is now receiving vir
tually a normal supply of milk, esti
mated by the Health Department to
be 1,S00,000 quarts daily, from the
sources from which milk was obtain
ed before the strike on January 1 of
members of the Dairyman's League,
when they failed to agree with the
distributers on the price for January
milk. No milk at all was received by
the distributers yesterday from points
cutside of the regular New York milk
territory.
F. Q. Foy. of the Market Report
er, said yesterday that in view of the
oreseTit wholesale prices consumers
cnmcrnPy should i*eap a benefit of a
general drop in retail prices in beef
and other meats by the latter part of
the week.
' Since the publication of the stor
age reports," he said, "prime beef has
dropped from 3 to 5 cents a pound,
i while the lower grades are down from
! :> to G cents a pound. Lamb and mut
ton are from S to 11 cents a pound
I lower than a week ago. Veal drop
[ ped from S to 10 cents, pork, heavy,
! has deeiined 6 cents ?? and medium
light pork has-come down 4 cents a
pound.
'?Hutter?creamery extra ? which
jwas 67 1-2 cents January 14. was 61
1-2 cents today. The price of cream
j ery extras has fallen from 70 cents
January 11 to t>l 1-2 cents today.
Eggs, western firsts, which were 68
cents a dozen January 11, were quot
ed today at from 61 to 62 cents."
j The time for making tax returns
i expires February 20th. Many care
| less people neglect to make returns
land then when they come to pay
tie :r taxes they wonder why the tax
I es are so high, forgetting about the
50 per cent, 'penalty added for failure
to make returns.
Paterson, N. .1., Feb. 3.?Several
thousand silk workers were locked
out when they arrived at their places
ibis morning at 7.30 instead of %
o'clock, in beginning a fight for short
er hear s. Should all the shops here
close tbirty thousand will be thrown
'out of work.