Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Bariy. Passage Planned in Sen ate for $100,000,000 for Food Help ^or Europe BREAD IS THE KEY TO l THE SITUATION ^ Unless Tide of Anarchy is Stem med, Says Mr. Wilson, the I Sgning of Peace Uncertain, Wf--1-- ?? ??? Washington, Jan. 13.?Appropria tion of $100,000,000 for famine relief ^8? Europe outside of Germany was improved tonight by the house which 3massed the administration measure af ter its enactment had been urged ?anew today by President Wilson as the only effective means of combating the -wfestward spread of Bolshevism. ; - The bill now goes to the senate where its early passage is planned. ..'Party lines were effaced in the house, debate and vote, and despite energetic. demands by opponents of titte bill' for more specific information " regarding the proposed expenditure by the president. Herbert C. Hoover, and Vance .McCormick, chairman of the "war trade board, a special rule re ported by the rules committee was adopted and afterward the bill was passed 240 to 73. y The only amendment accepted was one by Representative Sherley in charge of the measure, which permits use of part .of the fund for relief in countries contiguous to Europe. This would make it impossible to aid the Armenians and other suffering peo ples'in the near East. " Pres54ent Wilson's urgent appeal ..that the appropriation be authorized to aid the consummation of peace, was sent to Senator Martin, and Rep resentative Sherley, chairman of the congressional appropriation commit tees, and was read on the floor of house by a report to the State depart ment from Henry D. White, republi can, member of the American peace delegation. Both messages said the problem of supplying food to the dis tressed peoples recently liberated from the rule of the Central Powers was oae of paramount importance in ob . tajning a return to normal conditions. -*fJPV>od relief is now the key to the "whole European situation and to the solution-'of peace," Mr. Wilson said. /^^ls>eram is steadily spreading westward. It can not be stopped by ^jfosce, but St can be stopped by food." ' " " v- The president added that unless the **t*fle of anarchism" is stemmed, it may not be possible to .find definite .governments with which to conclude, ?~ peace. . ^Bolshevism thrives only on star vation" and disorder," declared Mr. ^Vhite, who said it was impossible to inaugurate the peace conference un der proper auspices without previous adequate provisions to cope with the food situation. S,Mr. Sherley informed the house that an inter-allied council composed * ?f two representatives each from Great Britain, France, Italy and the United States will supervise the food distribution,- but this statement did ^ot satisfy opponents of the bill. Representative Gillett of Massachu setts Republican, said the policy pro posed might cost a billion dollars; Representative Snell of New York, Republican, wanted to know exactly h<3W the money was to be spent, and Ilepresentative Gordon of Ohio, Dem ocrat, asserted that no information \*as given that the fund was needed ta promote peace. Representative Sfeyden of Texas, Democrat, also j spoke against the measure. Reference to food Administrator Hoover caused Representative Wood of'Indiana, Republican, to declare Mr. Hoover "the most expensive luxury * ever fastened on this country," and he offered an amendment to put the Red Cross in charge of the food re a?fr v it was defeated. Representative Good of Iowa, Re publican, declared the president had violated the law by turning over $5,- | ? 000,000 of government money for or ganization of the war trade board's Russian bureau, which he declared was more visionary than the Hudson Bay- Company. Chairman Sherley gave half the time allotted to advocates of the meas ure to former Speaker Cannon, who apportioned it among Republicans favoring the bill. Among those who spoke were Republican Leader Mann, Magee, New York; Mondell, Wyom ing; Temple, Pennsylvania; Stafford. Wisconsin; McCulloch. Ohio; and La Guardia. New York. Mr. Cannon was applauded by the Democrats when he:recalled that congress once voted $800,000 for the relief of Italian earthquake sufferers at the request of President Roosevelt. Supporting: the measure on the roll call were 152 Democrats, 83 Republi cans and five others, while voting against it were 62 Republicans, nine Democrats and two others. Following is the president's mes sage: . *'I cannot too earnestly or solemnly Urge' upon the congress the appro-1 priation for which Mr. Hoover has ; asked for the administration of food i relief. Food relief is now the key to j; the whole European situation and to j i the solutions of peace. Bolshevism is steadily advancing westward, is j poisoning Germany. It cannot be! stopped by force, but it can be stop-1 ? ped by food, and all the leaders with 11 whom I am in conference agree that j concerted action in this matter is of I Immediate and vital importance. "The money will not be spent for j: food for Germans- itself, because Ger-1 many can buy its food, but it will j1 he spent for financing the movement j of food to our real friends in Poland j; and to the people of the liberated j: units of the Austro-Hungarian em- ; pire, and to our associates in the ; ?Balkans. I beg that you will present' i LONDON PLAN AS TO RUSSIA Would Have the Allies Deal With All Factions That Are Concerned. OUTLINES OF THE PLAN RECEIVED IN CAPITAL Acting Secretary Polk Corrects Statement He Made Concern ing the Matter. Washington, Jan, 12.?Great Brit ain's proposal that the allies and the United States enter into negotiations with all Russian factions, referred, to at Paris yesterday by Foreign Minis ter Pichon, with an emphatic state ment that France would not deal in any way with "the criminal regime of. the Bolsheviki," was transmitted to the State department here on Jan uary 3 by the British embassy. It was not sent to the American peace dele gation because State department of ficials assumed it would be delivered directly at Paris, but since it now ap pears this was not done it will be for warded at once. Acting Secretary Polk disclosed this today, correcting a statement he made yesterday when M. Pichon's action was brought to _ his attention. Mr. Polk issued this "statement: "On January 3 the State depart ment received from the British charge a memorandum proposing that the allies and the United States call on all the factions to suspend hostilities and that if the aforesaid governments and parties will immediately suspend hostilities on all fronts for the dura tion of the peace conference, even if they, or any- of them, should desire to send representatives to Paris, the great powers would be prepared to enter on such a discussion with them. This message was not forwarded to Faris at that time, a3 it was expected that a similar proposal would be pre sented at Paris, in view of the fact that the Russian question was one of the subjects for immediate attention there. It would seem, therefore, froflfi the reports in the newspapers, that no such proposal was presented to the American peace mission in Par" is. "The question was asked me, as I understood it. by a newspaper man yesterday afternoon as to whether a proposal had been made to have dele gates from the Bolsheviki attend the peace conference, and reference was made to Mr. Pichon's statement. Not having seen Mr. Pichon's statement. I did not connect the question with the proposal referred to in the memoran dum from the British charge, which had been received by the department, and I, therefore, replied that no such proposal had been received. I wish to assume full responsibility for the misunderstanding." No one in Washington is prepared to state what may be the attitude of President Wilsen and the American delegation toward the British sugges tion. It is recalled, however, that the United States virtually has declared the Bolsheviki outlaws by calling upon the civilized world to join in condemning their reign of terror in Russia. Where Mr. Polk refers to the Brit ish proposition as an offer on the part of the great powers to enter into dis cussion with the Russian representa tives if they would cease hostilities, Mr. Pich on said specifically that the proposal was to permit the sending of delegates to the peace conference up on the conditions named. Paris, Monday, Jan. 13.?President Wilson is considering making a speak ing: tour on his return home, which will take him to many of the princi pal cities to inform the country as to the proceedings in Paris. Another object will be to sound out and en courage peace sentiments among the American people. this matter with all possible urgency and force congress. "I do not see how we can find defi nite powers with whom to conclude peace unless this means of stemming the tide of anarchism be employed." ..Ir. White's message said: 'Feel I should no longer delay be fore you condition which has been gradually forcing itself upon our dele gation and which now dominates en tire European situation above all else: namely, startling westward advance of Bolshevism. It now completely con trols Russia and Poland and is spread ing through Germany. Only effec tive barrier apparently now against it is food relief. As Bolshevism thrives only on starvation and disorder I con. sider it, therefore, of the utmost im portance that president's request for S100.00n.000 appropriation for relief be granted at once. Impossible to in lugurate peace conference and prop er auspices without previous ade quate provisions to cope with situa tion. "Aside from the stoppage of Bol shevism I understand th e is in the T'nited States considerable surplus of food accumulated at high prices, maintenance whereof guaranteed our government or assurance under its auspices and that it is necessary to dispose of this surplus in order to re lieve warehouses and financial facili ties as well as prevent serious fall in prices with radical break in market which would cost our country more than the appropriation asked for. '?The appropriation is not for the imrpose of advancing money to Ger many which will pay on a cash basis for any food sent there. Allies are al ready furnishing to liberated terri tories and are disposed to assist oth erwise to the extent of their avail able resources, but most of the food must come from the United States. I cannot too strongly impress upon you urgency of meeting situation herein described." Ii. W. W. and Criminal Agitators! Cause Disturbance in I Chicago. ATTEMPT TO SEIZE CONTROL UF MEETING j Radical Elements Not Allowed! Seats But They Remain to Create Strife. Chicago, Jan. 14.?Socialists and members of the I. W. *\V. made an un successful attempt today to. gain con trol of the national labor congress, called bv the Industrial W.?r-cers* De- ! fense League to decide upon a plan ; of action to obtain new trials for i Thomas J. Mooney and Warren Bill ings, now serving life terms for mur der in connection with the San Fran ciso preparedness day parade bomb outrage July 22, 1916. Trouble was precipitated at the opening session when several hun dred Socialists and I. W. W? leaders insisted upon being seated as dele gates. Among the Socialists in at tendance was Adolph Germer, nation al secretary of the party, and the Rev. Irwin St. John Tucker, both recently' convicted for violating the espionage law. Germer later was seated as dele gate from a local of the United Mine' Workers. Although the radicals were denied ? seats they refused to leave the hall and attempted to participate in the , congress. Apparently they intend to continue their fight at every session of the three day convention. They will, it is said, work for the passage of a resolution favoring a general la bor strike. The Industrial Workers' Defense League in planning the congress in vited only trades unions to send dele gates and wanted the discussion con fined to the Mooney case but Bol shevism and many other subjects ? would be considered by the meeting if the radicals carried out their plan. There seems to be considerable doubt whether the conservative element will be able to control the action of the convention throughout.. The troubli? started when John Fitz patrick, president of the Chicago Fed eration of"Labor, after welcoming the delegates attempted to introduce E. D. .Nolan, secretary-treasurer of the Industrial Workers' Defense League, as the permanent chairman of the meeting. There were loud protests from the radicals who insisted thatj the con\-ention select its own chair man. Finally it was agreed that No lan should act as temporary chair man and E. B. Ault of Seattle was chosen temporary secretary. Chairman Nolan reviewed the work done by Industrial Workers Defense League in behalf of Mooney and ad vised that the remedy of calling a general strike be not used except after every other means had failed. He sug gested federal intervention or the pas sage of necessary laws in California; authorizing the setting aside of unjust verdicts as remedies.'! The delegates loudly cheered every mention of the general strike. Trouble was renewed when the credentials committee asked whether j delegates from the Socialist party and j the I. W. W. sent without invitation, should be seated. Chairman Nolan said it was the intention to confine the membership of the congress to dele gates from trades union. Selig Schulberg of San Francisco spake in favor of excluding radicals. Finally he shook his fist at Socialists and shouted. "You never worked a day in your life and we want you and your kind to get out. You fellows want to ruin this movement." Socialists and members of the I. W. W. insisted on speaking and declared that they had done more than or ganized labor to arouse public inter est in the Mooney case. After a tur bulent wrangle of nearly an hour, Chairman Nolan put the motion to ex clude the Socialists and I. W. W. and declared it carried by viva voce vote. There was a roar of disapproval but attempts to appeal from the decision of the chair were howled down. A. Burke Cockran of New York, counsel for Mooney, then addressed the dele gates. He praised President Wilson's labor policies and made a violent at tack on the administration of justice in the courts. "The latest word from our president \ is that the Bolsheviki in Europe can j be quelled by food." said Attorney Cockran. "I do not agree with him. j The only cure for Bolshevism ' is to' give them justice. Bolshevism means! rule by the majority. This does not: sound unfair. T do not fear this new! force that ha.?? come into being. Thei masses have never been vicious, it is always the classes. The world's choice today is between democracy and chaos. In a government like this ev erything depends upon the honesty of the judiciary. Our constitution! amounts to nothing except so far as I it is confirmed by the judiciary." He said the Mooney case is now an I international question. The conyic- \ tion of Mooney on perjured evidence, he said, was, a judicial crime. He i asked the convention to adopt reso lutions demanding that the Califor nia legislature pass a law permitting the setting aside of verdicts obtained on perjured testimony. He said near ly every other State has such a law. The convention passed a motion directing the chairman to cnhle to President Wilson and Samuel Gomp ers in Paris its approval of the senti ments expressed by Cockran. Tomorrow the convention will com plete its organization by electing per manent officers and appointing com mittees. Frank P. Walsh, former joint chairman of the federal war la bor board, will address the delegates tomorrow morning. Both Senate and House Orga nized for Business First Day of Session. COTHRAN RE-ELECTED SPEAKER OF HOUSE Several Important Bills Are In troduced in the Senate By Senator Christiansen. J Columbia. Jan. 14.?The South Car lolina House of Representatives was I organized today by the re-election of ; Thomas P. Cothran, of Greenville, as I speaker, J. Wilson Oibbes, of Colum I bia, as clerk; A. S. Hutchison, of ! .:o"ck Hill, as reading clerk; J. S. Wil | son, of Lancaster, as sergeant-at arms, and the Rev. L. E. Wiggins, of Columbia, pastor of the Green Street Methodist Church, as chaplain. The only contest was that of reading clerk, Mr. Hutchison was opposed by Mc Gowan Simpkins, of Edgefleld, who was for years reading clerk of the house. Mr. Hutchison was reelected by a majority of 81 to 33* The House of Representatives to day was occupied exclusively with re organ iaztion and no attempt was made to introduce legislative meas ures. J. A. Berry, of Orangeburg, who was elected as temporary chairman of the house, announced his candi dacy for reelection as speaker pro tempore. So far he has no opposition. Iiis election will he held tomorrow. A committee was appointed to no tify the governor that the house was organized and ready for business and to invite him to deliver orally his an nual address to the general assembly tomorrow at 12.15 o'clock in the af ternoon. A concurrent resolution was adopt ed to notify Robert A. Cooper, of Laurens, and Junius T. Liles, of Or '.ngeburg, of their election as govern or and lieutenant governor, respec tively, of the State of South Carolia, and make arrangement for their in auguration next Tuesday, A commit ! tee of three from the senate and three { from the house was provided for by j the resolution. SENATE GETS BUST. Three Bills Introduced in Upper Body Yesterday. j Columbia. Jan. 14.?The senate of j South Carolina today had the unusual i experience of having its presiding of I ficer robed both in the khaki of a re j tired soldier and in the royal purple [ robe of State. During the morning Lieut. Gov. Betnea was voted the robe as a token of esteem and to show how worthilj' he has worn the purple. In ten days Lieut. Cov-elect will don his new regalia. . . The senate lost no time in getting its work started. Three bills have already been introduced. One pro i vides for a new schedule of salaries for State officers; the other undertakes to provide for the equalization of tax by the township boards, and the third ;ontemplatcs the holding of a constitutional convention. Camp Jackson Reduced _ I Forty Thousand Acres Not to Be j Leased or Purchased?Seven teen Thousand Used. Washington, Jan. 13.?The practical abandonment of 40,000 acres of Camp j Jackson, which has recently been used j for a rifle range, and the further utii- j ization of the camp on the remaining 17,000 became apparent here today when Senator Pollock was advised by the war department authorities to this effect. He was informed that new j leases on the 17,000 would be imme diately made but that as to the larger tract.it had been decided neither to purchase it nor to renew the lease. Senator Pollock has seen the of ficials here about this matter on sev eral occasions and has brought every thing to bear on the situation which could reasonably be done to have the entire 57,000 acres retained and the camp used to its fullest capacity but the department is against loading up with more land than it can use. It is apparent from the action here today that the original Camp Jackson embracing the 17,000 acres, will be used but that the remainder, the 40, 0U0 acres, will be abandoned. May Revisit England President Wilson to Stop En Route Home to Inspect Amer ican Base. Paris, Jan. 15.?President Wilson may visit England en route home j next month. His visit is not to con- J fer with British statesmen, but to in- ; snect the base of the American anti submarine flotilla, lie may decide to visit Oxford University to receive an honorary dgree. Senate Seeks Facts I - i Finance Committee Wants to; Know How Money Will Be Spent. vVashington. Jan. 15.?Representa-j tives of the Smte and treasury de-j partments and the food administra- | tion appeared before the senate ap- j propriations committee in executive! session to explain the manner in which i it is proposed to expend the hundred j million dollars for food r elief in Eu- J rope. Nashville, Jan. 15.?Judge A. H. Roberts, of Livingston, became gover nor of Tennessee when formally in augurated today in the hall of the house of representatives. MARTIAL LAW IN ARGENTINE Bill Before Senate to Place the Country Under Army for Thirty Days. SITUATION SERIOUS OUT SIDE OF BUENOS AIRES Five Provinces Have Already Asked fro Troops for Their Protection. Buenos Aires, Jan. 15?Martial law may become effective throughout .the country today if the senate acts favor ably on the bill passed by the depu ties yesterday providing that the mili tary be placed in control of the coun try for a period of thirty days. Five provinces have already asked for troops. Government officials admit j that reports from outside the city are disquieting. The situation is grave in Rosario and neighboring cities. Thirtieth Debarks at Charleston Secretary Raker Teils Senator Pollock Port of This State Has Been Selected. "Washington, Jan. 14.?Despite re ports recently sent out frcm Washing ton to papers in the South that the men of the Thirtieth Division would not embark at Charleston, the matter was definitely settled here today when Secretary Taker informed Senator Pollock that Charleston had been designated for this purpose. This puts all douM aside. Xo date has yet been set for the re turn of the men. but this will nlso be made known to Senator Pollock in a few days. The Tennessee troops will go to Fort Oglethorpe for demobilization, those from South Carolina to Sevier and those from Xorth Carolina most likely to Camp Greene at Charlotte. This information should be good news to those persons in South Caro lina who have : ' lives and friends in the Thirtieth Division and there will doubtless be many happy relatives of the men in the State when the infor mation given Senator Pollock today becomes known. It is understood here that just as soon as the sailing date of the ship upon which the South Carolina men leave is.learned, preparations will be made for their formal welcome home, either in Charleston or Columbia, and that they will also he given some form of recognition when they reach Green ville. Senator Pollock announced today that he will address the senate during the present week regarding a league of nations and a little later on he will give his views on woman suf frage. Representative Byrnes has taken up with Secretary.' Baker the matter of immediately releasing from the ser vice farm laborers of the South. Mr. Byrnes contends that farmers are now making arrangements for the making of another crop and that un less laborers are now released it will be difficult for them to secure em ployment after the farmers have made their arrangements. Famine in Petrograd Ten Thousand Starving People Clamor For Bread or Death. Stockholm, Jan. 15.?Ten thousand hungry people paraded the streets of Petrograd Saturday and Sunday, shouting for bread. So desperate from hunger were they that they re quested the Bolshevik troops to fire upon them, which the soldiers did, according to advices received here. Reports say there is not a single piece of bread in Petrograd. The Finland secret police have dis covered several Bolshevik organiza- j tions plotting to start a new insur- \ rection. Anarchy in Peru Business in Lima Paralyzed and I Mobs Attack Troops. Lima, Peru. Jan. 15.?Business is i paralyzed here and there have been \ several clash.:-:; between mobs and troops as the result of the general ! strike. Practically all maritime and | transportation workers are idle. The j strikers have thrown up rails on sev eral roads and have attenmpted to cut the city's water supply. The mili- j tary operated a few trains last night. , Gen. W?wxl Transferred. Washington, Jan. 15.?Orders di- j reeling Major General Leonard j Wood, now commanding Camp Funs-j ton. to p. jceed to Chicago and take; command of the Central Department,' were -sued today l>y the war depart- ]' men I. Washington. Jan. 15.?The depart-! ment of labor has sent commission- j i.-rs to adjust several disputes between' United States nitrate plant number 2 j nt Muscle Shoals, Ala., and employees, j Carpenters, pjlumbersand pipefitters ire on a strike. Cement finishers and j 1 structural iron workers have threat-j : cm od to quit work. Luxemburg. Tuesday. Jan. 14.? i Princess Charlotte, a sister of the ( [Trand Dutchess Marie, was chosen as' the latter's successor by the chamber j ? jf deputies at a meeting after the ah-1. dication of Marie was announced. < Prineess Charlotte assumes office "on j ( Wednesday. s PEACE CONGRESS DEVELOPS PLANS Two Forces Working at Cross Purposes for League of Nations. THSY DO NOT AGREE AS TO USE OF FORCE Session To-Day Will Complete Allotment of Representatives Among Nations. Paris, Jan. 15.?With the resump 1 tion today of the meetings prelimin ary to the peace congress it became apparent that the movement to cre late a league of nations is being car I ried on by two forces, having the j same object but differing on the de l tails. One represents the contention j that the league's decisions must be j backed by the combined physical I forces of the nations, while the other holds that its findings can be enforc I ed without the aid of a common world I police fo**ce. I The work before today's session ? comprised the completion of the al lotment of representation for the va rious nations and the matter ofRus ! sian representation. May Cost Billion j Members of the house agricultural l committee, studying the recommenda | tions sent them by the secretary of agriculture and the food administra tion on the wheat situation in 1919, says a Washington dispatch to ? The Xew York Times, say they are 'Cbn \ vinced that the government must pro : vide a fund of not less than $1, I G00,<~:00,000 to buy the wheat produc j ed in 1919. ! The government guaranteed to-pay j $2.25 a bushel at Chicago for wheat ? raised in 1919 and offered for sale'nbt j later than June, 1920. The end of j hostilities, however, has brought : about a condition that may compel the j government to dispose of the sur j plus wheat of 1918 at less- than the price paid, and the surplus of 1919, it is asserted, will be held at a loss of ! perhaps $1 or more a bushel, i The government under its guaran tee must pay $2.26 a bushel for wheat I grown in 1919. The production, it is I estimated, will exceed 1,000,000;000 bushels. Because of the surplus wheat in Australia and Argentina wheat-is now being delivered to the European market for $1.33 a bushel. American whout is not sought by England and the result is said to be that there is a surplus supply of the 1916 and 1917 crop of nearly 400,000,000 bushf els. By next year the surplus supply Of the United States may be double the present amount,'but despite this the government must keep faith with the [?farmer, it is stated and pay him $2.20 a bushel, Gnicago price, for all wheat offered up to June, 1920. In the opin | ion of experts the United States, j order to dispose of its surplus, must j sell the wheat it buys in 191$" at *,<? j loss of $1 or more a bushel, which" means that the government stands to lose nearly a billion or more. The public will be taxed $15 per capita that the government may keep its: word to the American farmer, and, at the same time, dispose of its wheat surplus. Government experts see no way to soh'e the situation in which the gov-. ernment finds itself by reason of the" fixing of the wheat price. The belief exists here that the .government will sell its wheat at the figfiure fixed by the Liverpool' market, which, experts ? say, may be $1.25 a bushel in 1919. If this is done food prices would fail, as the prices of many articles of food, including meat, are largely determin ed by the price of wheat and bread. Congress has been asked by Secre tary Houston, the acting food ad ministrator; Edgar Packard, and Wit-. ? liam A. Glasgow, counsel for the food administration, to consider the wheat problem carefully from all angles. That an appropriation of at least a billion will be needed as a revolving fund which may be used to buy wheat build warehouses and meet the losses is the view of those who have studied the subject. The problem is one of - the most important that has arisen from the war. affecting, as it does, the entire population. By June, it is estimated, wheat prices will have fallen to* $1.30 a bush el in the United States, with a conse quent reduction in the price of flour from $12 to $5.50 a barrel, and bread ta 5 cents for a loaf of the average size instead of 10 cents. But when this comes about the government will be losing the difference between the price paid the farmer, $2.26 a bushel, for wheat, and the market price of wlieat, determined by the crops of Australia, Argentina, and India. THE PRICE OF LIVES. Pom* Hundred Million Dollars Needc.1 to Feed Starving Nations. Paris, Jan. 15.?The supreme coun cil of supply and relief has conclud ed that the minimum sum necessary :o feed the peop'e in liberated coun :ries from Belgium to Poland and Armenia until next summer is four lundrcd million dollars. "Victory Liberty Loan." Washington. Jan. 16.?The name of he next war loan will be called "Vic .ory Liberty Loan." Secretary Glass in noun cod today. The date of fiota ion has not yet been fixed. "ommission Against Increased Kates. Col urn bus, Ohio, Jan. 16.?The Re public Utilities Commission today re acted the proposed increase in long Ustance rates ordered by Postmaster General Burieson. They declared they hall not become effective in Ohio.