The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, July 27, 1918, Image 1
TffK M MTKIl W ATCfllfAS, K*tMv
Consolidated Au*. 2,1
LOOKS UK
ALLIE1
French Closing in 01
and British
The Pall Mall Gazette
Have Advanced oj
French Advan
Crown Prin
French I ieadipia rters in France,
vi? Ottawa. July 25.?The French are
within three miles of the town of Fer
en Tardenola. which is the center of
the Herman communicationH in this
ration. The town in being heavily
ahellsd dnily and bombarded by air?
men.
AMERICANS ADVANCE SI FA OI?
LY.
Vicious Reelstamv by Oemuins Cnn
u?h Stop Soldier* or Liberty.
With American Army on Marne
Front, July 26.?The French and
American forces advanced today north
of the River Marne more steadily
than heretofore this week, and also
gained on other parts of the tifty-flvc
mile battle front.
The Hermans viciously resisted the
allies at a majority of places.
KNOUT. SKKMS IMPOSSIBLE
Freneh Rave ( nmn Prime's Ann?
Almost Surrounded',
London. July 25 ?The Pall Mall
Oasette says rumors are current that
the British forces have gained a great
advance toward Flames and that it is
reported that the French advance has
nut the ('town Prtnee'l nrmiea in such
a position on the Aisne-Marne salient
that their extrication seems Impos?
sible.
HOW TO SAYR Sl (.Alt.
A Practical Woman Adopts Common
Sen-*' Plan That Succeeds.
Columbia. July 24.?Practical pa
trlotlam. as practiced in the home
where patriotism like chanty should
begin. Is illustrated by a case which
has been brought to ?hc attention of
the food administration for South Car?
olina. A patriotic woman, living not
far from Columbia, has worked out
a simple but effective method of snv
Ing sugar which puts it squarely up
to her family to use sugar economical?
ly and wisely.
Fach morning she takes the sugar
allotment for the day?carefully flgur
ed out and weighed according to the
regulations of the food administra?
tion -and puts it on UM t ilde. The
members of the famllv may dip and
help themselves but when the sugar
1s gone they know there will be none
Ibr the remainder of the day. Of
course they go easy on the sugar.
None in wasted, not a grain.
This careful and patrio?lc woman
has given her family a standing
promise that whenever they save
enough sugar from the dally allot?
ment for a pie or a cake she will
hohe, hut there will he no sweets ami
no deserts except from what sugar Is
saved In this manner.
The family Is having sufficient *u
gar for their needs. The plan N
practical and successful. It also pro
Vldes against sugarless loafs,
works both ways.
Monitions Worker* Paid h> the I tee*.
Manchester. Kng., June 25 (Con*'
spondence of The Associated Press)?
Introduction of a system under whb h
munitions makers are paid bv pleet
work has been responsible ohlelly for
the abnormal production achieved by
hundreds of munitions plants In this
diMtiiet There has been little hc
nous trouhle between employers ami
workmen.
New York. Julv Jl KVe,\ < hihl In
Herlln Is to receive a BjSjSJ i.k show
Ing a deposit of one mark. secordlS
to s plan announced bv the Berlin
Cttv Council md the perlin Savimr
Hunk, a municipal Institution Tin
BSSjthoil w im idnpted tif a means o
eeletwatlng the ens hundredth in
nlversarv of the founding of tb
bsnk on June If.. The annual !? rtl
reAi of Berlin is 40,000.
hfcert April, 1860.
?*lte> foot ai
881.
EMG
HICTORY
? Fere-en-Tardenois
i on Fismes
Reports That British
a Fismes and That
ce Has Cut Off
ice's Armies.
i
GERMANS COUNTER-ATTACK.
STILL STRONG BMOUGH TO GIVE
HATTLb ON MARNE it HONT.
J'hcy Gained Some Grouial Hut Were
DttVCg IIa? k l>> I k iicIi?Violent
Aitiliery Rallies Near Rheims?
Surprise Attack Near Moutdiilier.
-
Paris, July 26.?A German counte.
attack on the north Lamk of the Marne
lour hornmns enabled the enemy to
" 01p9 Petit Wood, but the French
Boon drove them out, today's otticta
statement says.
Violent artillery actions are in pro?
gress near the uurcq river an*.
Rheims.
The French made a successful sur
piise raid near Montdidier.
_
advance near ALMUT.
Hrltisli (.aln Ground ami Capture
Prisoners.
London, July 25.?The Rritish lasi
niKht pushed forward slightly near A
bert. capturing a few prisoners ami
six machine guns, it was officially an?
nounced today. The Germans occu?
pied a Hritish post near Villers
Uretonneux, hut were driven out.
ADVANCE THREE MILES.
Alllos Near Soissons?Situation Re?
mains Satisfactory.
London, July 2a.--On the western
front of the Soissons-Rheims salient
the allies baVO advanced to an aver
BgC dentil Of three miles on n twclvt
Dllle front during the past two days.
[?There Wore no new developments In
the hattle areas tills morning, accord?
ing to advices received here up to
noon. The situation is considered
quite satisfactory.
OTHERS SIKH ld FOLLOW RUIT.
Disloyal T<*xas Congressman Forced
to Withdraw From Race for Reelec?
tion.
San Antonio. Texas. July 25.?Rep?
resentative Slay den has v.r it h drawn
Ironi the campaign for renamlnation
for congress, following the publica?
tion Of a telegram from President
Wilson to the publisher saying that
Slayden has not supported the ad?
ministration.
HOLIIFMIil AGAINST ALLIES.
, Hcrlin MOfgMofl Says They Consider
Action of Allies Declaration of War.
Amsterdam. July 25.?The Russian
Holshc vik 1 government, according to a
Moscow dispatch to the Rerlln Lokal
Analoger considers the action of the
entente powers in landing troops on
the Murman coast as tantamount
to a declaration of war and will tak?
counter measures accordingly.
KILLED IN (HOSPITAL.
MaJ. Lloyd Williams Victim Of Hun
Atrocity.
Spartanhurg, July 24.?MaJ. Lloyd
Williams, United States Marine Corps
who died in Fram e on June 11. was
hilled lo the Gormon elf redd on hos?
pitals boon of the line, according to
Information reaching Mrs Williams,
who was Miss Itavenel "of this city
pr ior to her marriage a year ago. Th"
commander of Major Williams' oi^an
ization in a letter to Mrs Williams says
thst Maim- Williams was wounded by
shrapnel In making i charge against
the Germane and had been carried to
the rear for- treatment, bis wounds u"'
heing regarded as serioi s. when a
bomb dropped mi the hospital explod?
ed in the room occupied by the major
reeoHIng In his death ? few bourn
Utter.
nd Fear not?bet an the ends Thou All
BTJMTER, S. 0., SA.TTJ
FOGH DOMINATES BATTLE.
FRENCH COMMANDER HAVING
SEIZED OFFENSIVE STRIKES
WHERE HE WILLS.
Hermans nre Now Fighting on The
Defensive and Are Struggling Des?
perately to Extricate Themselves
From tho Trni>s They Made.
Washington, July 23.?Writh prob?
ably not much more than a quarter
ol a million American troops engag?
ed in the present battle but with vir?
tually a million others either in
France or hastening ucross the ocean
to Join in the fight, . eral Foch has
been able to turn the ?ibles on the
enemy and strike a blow that has
hanged the whole trend of the war. v
Officials here, while fully recogniz
j ing the fact that the Americans are
today only a comparatively small part
uf the vast forces the supreme com?
mander is using in working out his
strategic designs, realize the fact that
.he American army is going forward
in a constantly increasing stream is
the governing fuctor in restoring the
initiative to the allied forces. Plans
arc therefore taking shape rapidly at
the war department to accelerate and
enlarge the American military pro?
gram.
It is now virtuully certain General
?"och will have at least 2,000,000
Americans to supplement his allied
rmies before the present fighting
season cloys. Secretary Raker an- j
nounced today that war department's
tew program embraces enlarged
irmy appropriations, modifications of
ihe draft ages to Increase tho roser
?oir of fighting men and plans for a
arger mobilization of the army than
any yet undertaken would soon be
eady for congress. He would give
:iu details but the plans probably aim
.tt getting under arms without de?
lay a total force not far short of the
'..o0o,000 figure widely discussed In I
songross when the subject was last
under consideration there.
The lighting on the Aisne salient,
where the whole German offensive
??chemo has been upset If not definite?
ly defeated by the bold strategy of
Ian. Foch, has opened new possibili
.ies. There is Increased need for
haste In the opinion of officials In get
ting full American man power ready
to supplement the efforts that appear
iow to be taking shape towards hurl
.ng the enemy back all along the front
and beginning the advance that will
end only when victory has been de?
clared.
Reports today Indicated fully one
half all ground won by the Germans
in the Aisne salient already has been
torn from the enemy's grasp and th -
French, British and American troops
were still pressing on at last ac?
counts. Mr. liaker said today tho last
reports from General Pershing were
satisfactory. I
The German offensive arch in
France has rested on two great pll-;
lars, one in the Picardy front and the
other on the Marne. It has been re?
peatedly stated that pressing home of
this mighty pincher movement, j
threatening both Paris and the chan?
nel ports as it progressed, has been
the German object from the first day |
the battle of 1918 was opened in |
March.
Tho southern pillar of that arch has
HOW been gravely weakened. Its of- j
fensive value is gone. By desperate
efforts the Germans are seeking to'
prevent it from collapsing altogether,
crushing whole divisions of their best
troops in its fall. Even if the allied'
advance is checked now there appears
little likelihood that the enemy could
recreate nil tactical position on a
basis that would permit him to con-1
tinue his old plan of campaign before
the coming of winter.
Meanwhile, Rritish troops are still
nibbling away at the enemy in Flan?
ders and elsewhere to the north with
unvarying success. Just north of
Montdidier, the French have struck a
new blow the full significance of
which is not yet clear. Its success,'
however, was startling even from the
meager accounts so far received.
Some observers believed the new at
tack was a minor operation designed
to pin German reserves to that front,
just as the Rritish nibbling has pinned
enemy forces there when they were
badly needed In the South, tubers
mW deeper strategy behind both Rrit?
ish efforts in Flanders and the French
md British local thrusts in Picardy.
It appeared possible to some otli
Bel B here that the next few day
might see an allied assault on both
MdeS of the Picardy front, delivered
with the purpose of forcing German
reserves to rush back around tin
liolnt of the Comptegns salient from
the Aisne theater. If resistance to tin.,
; Mio
ne?t a* Im? thy Country's, Thy God's ?
RDAY, JULY 27, 1918.
GERMAN PEACE TERMS.
!I1CNS WANT TO KKEP BOOTY AN1>
NOT PAY PENALTY.
Conditions Suggested M Basis of Con
fei-ence SM Impossible and Will Not
Even IfrFeeivc Consideration by Al?
lies.
Amsterdam, July 24.?Germany has
made suggestions for a peace confer?
ence to Spain, says the Socialist news?
paper Vorwaerts of Berlin. The sug?
gestions are:
Germany wants no annexations or
indemnities in the west, the peace
treaties with Russia and Rumania
may not bo questioned, the principle oi
.self determination of the Balkan ques?
tion and the fate of Belgium to be set
tied at the peace conference, the free?
dom of the seas, the dismantling of
Gibraltar and Suez canal and a site for
Oerniany's use as a coaling station, the
colonial question to be settled on the
basis of the status quo ante.
LOSS NOT GREAT.
All Rut Eight of Men Reported Miss?
ing Have Been Accounted For.
Washington. July 23.?All but eight
of the 59 men reported missing after
the sinking of the armored cruiser
San Diego off Fire Island, N. Y., last I
Friday, have been accounted for,
said an announcement tonight by the
navy department. Further reports,
are/expected to reduce this number
and officials hope that the only cas?
ualties will be three killed by the ex?
plosion.
The men still unaccounted for in?
clude Silas Watters, Gainesville, Ga.
_
DITCHERY IN MOSCOW.
Bolshevik) Kill Social Revolutionists
to Please Huns.
Amsterdam, July 24.?Up to July
! 19th more than two hundred Social
j revolutionists of the left had been
shot by the Bolsheviki for participat?
ing in the assassination of German
ambassador von Mirbach, in a counte:
revolution, Germany has been in?
formed by the Bolsheviki foreign min?
ister, according to:a Berlin'dispatch.
allied advance from tJhe Marne be
! comes too great to be overcome, they
confidently expect some such opera?
tion as General Foch frequently has
proved his full knowledge of the val?
ue of holding tin- initiative and can
i be reliod upon to hold it by separate
J assaults which will wear out the Ger?
man reserves in hurrying from front
! to front to meet them.
So far as future American particl
j pation goes General March has al
I ready disclosed to members of con
Igresa that offensive operations against
i
i the enemy on a large scale had been
expected to be undertaken later in
the year. That general scheme it is
thought accounts for the new plans
of the war department since what is
' being devised now is in preparation
lor the spring campaign of next year
in all probability.
There are already available more
troops than can be shipped to the
front before winter brings the fight?
ing to a halt although the last five
weeks have seen a halt million Amer?
ican troops sent to France.
In making his statement today, Mr.
Raker would not say what changes
in draft ages were contemplated. The
matter was still under study he said.
Incidentally, he disclosed that a defi?
nite figure for American forces to he
emploved in France within some fixed
period of time is being held in mind.
The Study of the draft age question
he said, was based upon finding the
"necessary number of men with the
least possible disturbance of economic
conditions in the country."
4 It was recalled that the original Na?
tional Army plan as presented by the
war department recommended age
limits of 1!? to 2f, Inclusive. Congress
changed these limits to the present 21
to 31 law. There has been nothing
lo Indicate, however, that either Mr
Raker or his advisers have changed
their opinion that men of 19 should
be taken, furnishing two large addi
tlonal classes of recruits Immediately
with little material disturbance of the
economic balance
.lust what maximum age will be
lound most desirable it is difficult t ?
my. R was frequently Urged In con
mess that the limit be set at 46
? ears. Probably a compromise at R
>r perhaps below that will be worked
?hl in tin1 end. One of the chief ar
fUmentS for extension upward of the
ige limits is the power it would give
o apply the work or fight rule on a
Tar wider scale. The government,
towever. has not as yet committed it
lelf to a policy of this character.
md TnrUVe."
THE TRC1
PROBABLY Igg COST.
GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF
WIRES MAY MAKE FOR
CHEAPER COMMUNI?
CATION.
Many Improvements Will be Institut?
ed?Especially In Long Distance
telephone are Among Changes
Planned.
Washington, July 23.?The manner
of operating the telephone and tele?
graph systems under the government
will depend to a considerable extent
on the policy President Wilson will
dictate when takes them over. The
extant to which the eggs may be
scrambled must depend on whether
there is any intention that they shall
ever be unscrambled. It can be as?
sumed that if the president doesn't
impose conditions with a view to un?
scrambling, the postal authorities will
Iocs no time merging the wire systems
into the postal service, and into each
other, so intimately that separation
will hereafter be well nigh impossible.
It is expected the president will
give the administrative authorities
plenty of leeway. The post office de?
partment is determined, as soon as
possible, to make the service better
and to cheapen it.
The experiment of government rail?
way administration, which brcught
quick advance of both freight and
passenger rates, has caused fear of a
present increase of telephone and
possibly telegraph charges. There
will t>e nothing of the kind. If fuller
understanding of the problem, follow?
ing experience with it, shall necessi?
tate increasing rates it will be a bit?
ter disappointment to the postmaster
general and his lieutenants. They
have made a close study of the task
??hoad of them, and are convinced
ihat they ?an provide more telephone
privileges for less charges.
But they feel that n free hand is
necessary to get full and early re?
sults. If the different properties are
turned over on such conditions that
they may from the outset be handled
with a view to quick unification, re
suits most promptly will be conclu
ive.
Here are some things the postal ad?
ministration wants to accomplish:
Abolition of the per call method 01
? barging and substitution of a flat
system of instrument rental.
Consolidation of telegraph, tele?
phone, and postotflee, by which tu
.save rentals and at the same time
make possible greatly to increase the
number of these stations in cities. A
town with t bitty posjtOjfllCO substa?
tions, twenty Western I'nion and ten
Postal offices might expect to have
forty substations handling telegraph,
mall, and telephone business. These
would be better distributed because
competition being ended, a single of?
fice would suffice in city neighbor
hoods where formerly two companiet
had to maintain them crose together.
In towns where there are two tele?
phone exchanges, one or the other
would be closed as soon as possible
The better plant would be kept in
commission and the cables of the oth
er exchange connected with Its
switchboards.
This rearrangement would be diffi?
cult unless absolute freedom weie
given the management of the proper?
ties. The telephone business is en?
tirely different from the railroad in
this regard. An exchange once shut
down could never be returned to its
owners and put back into business.
The railroad administration confront?
ed no problem of scrapping whole
properties: telephone consolidation
necessitates just that. It cannot be
done unless the operating manage?
ment has complete discretion to ig?
nore the possibility of some day re?
turning the properties to their corpo?
rate owners.
In a less degree, this question of
maintaining the Integrity of physical |
plants will determine bow the rival
telegraph systems shall he handled.
Construction methods for the future
Will be based on the expectation of,
making one system of wires serve
o bere there have been three. The
lame copper wires will be used fo
telegraphing and telephoning at th>
mme time, which Is possible. Rut
ill wires are so heavily loaded at
?resent thai economics of this sort
vould have to be developed gradually
is new construction fives opportunity
or unification of plants.
The poetoAce people have no notion
?' taking over the small independent
'dephone lines. These would be op
rated under license Issued by the
epartment of operations. On the oth
r hand, independent systems of toll
mes would be given physical con?
tention with all switchboards in their
I southron. ?mmmt 'US* ?*?*
VoLXLVI. No. 47.
FRAUD AND PROFITEERING.
gross graft in army con
I tract* exposed ?v secret
service.
Investigation by Department of Jus
tiee Agents Discloses Rank Fraud
in Many Contracts for Soldiers' Sup?
plies.
I Washington, July 24.?Fraud and
; gross profiteering have been uncover
j ed in many contracts for army shoes,
(shirts, leggings, overcoats and other
soldiers' supplies as the result of an
I
investigation by the army intelligence
I and department of justice agents. It
1 was learned today.
?-.?? ?
: territory. As soon as possible, a uni?
fication would be eflected guarantee?
ing every telephone user that a single
instrument would provide every pos?
sible connection. The nuisance of
two telephones in home or office
would be ended.
On the point of renting instruments
instead of charging b> the call, it is
! explained that there would be classi
' f.cations of service, the instrument
] rental being graduated with general
j regard to the kind and amount of ser- ,
vice required of it. Thus resident
. phones in a given city would come at
I cne rate; department store Instru?
ments would pay a higher rate, but
j ill would pay by the month or year
' not by the call, and the net result
j would be a big Increase in business
and a reduction of cost per call.
Nobody among the officials who
will be responsible for wire manage?
ment is willing to promise that auto?
matic will he substituted for manual
switchboards in the immediate future.
Rut the substitution will be made
wherever it 's established that the au?
tomatic will give as good or better ser
l vice at lower rates; which, the de?
partment experts believe, means prac?
tically everywhere. The present de?
velopment of automatic systems is
considered to insure that they would
meet every requirement, in large or
small city.
The economies they would Jp*ect
may be judged by this statement of
Festmaster General Burleson when I
questioned him: "We have taken tes?
timony which showed In some cases
a cost of $10 per 1,000 connections by
the manual method, while by the au?
tomatic method 1,000 connections
were made for 85 cents. Before the
Public Utilities Commission of the
District of Columbia they have tak?
en testimony that the cost of manual
connections was 13 times that of auto?
matic.
1 asked oi'lclals whether their inves?
tigations had justiiied the charge, of?
ten made, that corporate management
has tended to discourage improve?
ments, reject useful inventions, and
compel the public to use poorer fa?
cilities. None was prepared to claim
?hat this had been proved.
'There are lots of inventors, with
lots of strange stories," said one offi?
cial. "It is of course, apparent that
corporate management, which is con
cented primarily about profits, would
not have the incentive to adopt in
, ventions that might make junk ot
great properties and compel immense
invest user tS in installing them. Gov?
ernment management could aflforJ
to give the best facilities because its
purpose would be service, not profits."
Anticipation of early revolutions in
services with installation of automatic
exchanges and devices to multiply tha
speed of te'egraph wires, are likely to
be disappointed simply because of the
industrial problem. Been if expense
were disregarded, it would be impos?
sible to get automatic switchboards,
telepost paraphernalia, and the llko
manufactured at this time fast enough
lo equip the system soon. The ox
ports calculate that for $150,000,000
automatic switchboards could be sub?
stitute! fm- manual and that it would
he sotmd business; but it would be
easier to get the money than to get
the manufacturing done.
Telephone business is growing fast;
telegraph business is not. Govern?
ment management will tend to snake
the telephone grow faster and the
telegraph still slower, the authorities
being convinced that under a unified
tystem, telegraphing would beoosne
tbeoleocent for most present uses.
The expansion of telephone servieo
mo been very rapid, but Mr. Burleson
ully expects under government man
igement it will be much faster. 1st
1902 there were 4.900.000 miles of
el, phono wires; In 1907 lS.OeO.OOe; In
912. 20.24S.OOO; in 19<?2 there were
.070.000 instruments; in 1907. 10,400,
oo. and In 1911, 13.737.000. The rate
f Increase Iuik probably been as great
Ines 1912. ,