The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, February 16, 1918, Image 4
(C lie fltojjuun ana ,?outgron.
Published Wednesday and Sa uulaj
_ ?BY?
OeTTKKN PUBLISHING COMPAN\
81MTI.H, 8. O.
fjl.50 per annum?in advance.
Advert laucacnta.
^>n? Square firat insertion .. . .$10?.
livery subsequent insertion.60
Contracts for three months, or
leaser will bo made at reduced rates.
All communtcatlona which aub
aerve private intereata will be charged
for aa advertisements.
OMtuarleo and tributes of reaped
will be charged for.
The Sumter Watchman waa found
vu In 1860 and the True Southron in
leli. The Watchman and Sojthroi.
now haa the combined circulation ant.
influence of both of the old papers,
and Is manlfeatly the beat advertie.n
medium in Sumter.
In Hrtrard to Nitrate of Sc da.
Several lettera keep coming n
ranking Inquiry about applying tor
government nitrate of aoda. As was
publlahed In all of the county papers,
the time for making application for
the government soda expired on the
4th of February. All of the appllca
tlona were aent in to Waahlngton and
I was Instructed that no others would
be considered later.
Thla haa been a aevero winter and
vsry little epraylng of orchard4 haa
been done, up to thla week. Th a year
we cannot acord to fail to spiny all
of the peach and apple tree.4 with
lime and aulphur solution at the rate
of eight gallons of water to oae of
the concentrated lime-sulphur solu?
tion. On account of my hating to
handle the government nitrate of
soda applications. I have no; be-m
able to visit as muny of tho or chards
In the county ss I had planned and I
have to be away thla week attending
the State agents' meeting at Omaon
College. Dellclous fruit will be very
much appreciated thla aummer when
we are trying to comply wltU Mr
Hoover's plana for saving /ood but
WS cannot have It without spraying.
There are a number of orchards in
the county that are in good ah 1 >e at
present. I feel aure that the people
of Sumter have observed the improve?
ment In the quality of the fruit put
on the market In the past few yeara,
all of which la due to apraylng and
better care of the orchards. There la
an abundant aupply of the concent
trated llme-aulphur solution In Sum?
ter end every owner of an orchird or
a few trees should spray before the
treat bud.
J. Frank Wllllan a.
County Afcnt.
Yon Don't Have to Move to T>wn to
<?et City Conveniences.
Moving to town 1 to get the MMBOftl
of modern home conveniencea la no
longer necessary. We have our dnu>
delivery of mails, and If we do not
have rural telephone service It I* our
own fault, for aa long as the pi i ?e of
a telephone la only 19 and telephone
wire can be bought for three cents I
pound, or lese, the coat of Ina** nin?
ths telephone la not prohibitive.
"I'd like to have water and lights In
my home If I were able to Instil!
them." ssld a well-to-do farmer the
other day. If every farmer had these
conveniencea who Is really able to af
ford them there wouldn t be much to
complain about. a BOrMdS (acety
lane) light plant ran be installed for
Isss than $150, with rritcion It ,'htlng
arrangement. The carbide light is a
??fter light than the electric, and I?
Is every way a practical light f m- the
country home. An air-tight (com?
pressed sir) water tank with connec?
tions and a small pumping engine SOU
be provided at a coat of $100 and up.1
according to capacity of the tark. It
la auid that nn energetic am pro
greaalve farmer can get 11 .thing he
wanta. but he must hist wmt it
enough to make aome effort to get it. I
With thouaanda of farmers It isn't a
question aa to being able to own
these modern home conveniences, but1
It Is a question aa to whether tle v
will do without aotnethhig eine A leas
eervlre and lens value, and th" only
reason they do not own them It bt
cause they have not yet realized their J
value.?The Progreaalve Farme?
London. Feh t: .\< |-or.ling t? a
paoadent Of The Dally News
facta have become known which1
bring the possibility of a ss purr, la
peace between Austria? Hangs rv and
the entente allies much nearer, 0 1 II
reluetanO. be euya. is ntanlfSStsd In
Austria toward the proapect of in ht
Ing with the Itittiah and Am Orlens
troopa on the western front.
Waahlngton. Feh U ThS d< tig ot
Private William Kogeis of IllerTnY
S I' , Is reported by fjgfl I'ei sbini.
London, Feb. It.*?Andrew Bonai
Law, chancellor of the exchequer, BU
nounced In the House of Commons to?
day that action will be taken umb i
th* defense of the realm SOt Sgalnst
fot itepinir?<?n. prdMtary sorrsspoad?
ent of The Morning Post, fOl in ;ir
HS$t published In The Post Vond ? ?
iflOf the censor had refused permi*
mIoii to publish it.
Frank II. Klitiouds on (.crrnuiiy'H K?OS|
Move.
Actually the Germuns will Ami
themselves in February, 1918, in much
the situation they were In two years
before, when they made their great
bid for victory at Verdun. Then they
had disposed of the Russians for
months. Now they have put Russia
out of the war. Then they had cared
for I'alkan perils by crushing Ser?
bia. Now they have attended to Ital?
ian threats for the time being. Then,
us now, they were able to transfer
troops from East to West and to con?
centrate their great munitions re?
sources In the West.
In 1916 Germany struck to avoid
the blow that was sure to come when
Uritain was ready. Today her of?
fensive must anticipate American
participation in the war on a great
scale, because when America enters
In fact Germany will be for all time
put on the defensive through infer?
iority of numbers. Not to win the
war before America arrives is to lost
the chance of winning it attall, just
as not winning it before Britain was
ready would have meant not to win
it at all, if Russia had stayed in the
war.
Russia's collapse restores something
of the situation of 1916. Germany has
reserves, she has artillery'- Her foes
in front of her have no decisive ad?
vantage of numbers, it they have
any. They cannot attack now, be?
cause to attack and to fall might lead
to disaster, while to wait is to be as?
sured of American help. If Germany,
by striking, breaks France, then Italy
will be easily put out of the war and
Britain and America will be left to
fight the thing out. This would not
mean a victory of supreme propor?
tions, for Britain and America will
continue to dominate the seas, but it
would mean mastery of the continent
and leave Germany as Napoleon waf
after Friedland or Wagram.
Falling short of a decisive victory,
the Germans plainly hope that they
will produce such exhaustion in the
ranks of their enemies that the foe
will consent to talk peace and abandon
the task of holding on until Americi
gets ready, since America Is pure tc
be a considerably delayed 'arrival
These are the two stakes of the Ger?
man gamble: Decisive success with
the mastery of the Continent and the
perpetuation of Mittel-europa, If the
assault have the success which wa>
not realized at the Marne or at Ver?
dun; possible peace by negotiation oi
reasonably satisfactory terms, if th?
assult makes material but indecisive
progress on the field but uses up the
moral and material resources of the
French and brings them to a willing
ness to make peace before America I
ready
Similarly the program has obviom
perils. An attack which does no
bring victory fairly speedily, an at
taek which becomes another Verdun,
after the first few days, will unques?
tionably awaken protest at home, Just
as Verdun did. The military leader*
have told a war-weary public that
they can win the war if they are per?
mitted one more try. The people
have been partly persuaded and partly
dragooned into giving their consent
to the campaign. But It will be
watched with suspicion and if It doer
not produce rapid results it may lead
to a change of popular sentiment aim
a far more serious crisis than Gsr?
many experienced Just before RttSSlS
collapsed last year.
Germany has her chance to win
the war again. It Is not as good as
the chance she had at the Marne. It
If not nearly as good as the chance
she had at Verdun, but it is a chance.
She Is in all human probability, plan?
ning to take it and to make the
greatest military venture of human
history, as great in this world war us
Wag Napoleon's campaign to Moscow.
In his day. And Moscow had similar
stakes. Germany can attack, she
must attackq, but to attack and fail
means approximate ruin.?From the
"Failure of Germany's Peace Offen?
sive" by Fran II. ?Himonds, In the
American Review of Reviews for
February, 1918.
Atinomicvmcnt.
The many frtsnas of II Im Knthsr?
h? Morse will be interested to know
of her marriagS to Mr. George Nye.
a prosperous bttSJaesi man of Wil?
mington. Mm Nye has made her
home in Wilmington tOt the past lew
I' I i s.
Parin Fei?, is Austro*German In
radars In northern it.tiy are dally re
sorting to increasing sets of vandal
Ihen, violence, pillage and brutality
according ??? statement! of prisoner!
i iBtsjrod by the Italians, i Havas dli
P 'b 1? from Home taj I
wnb American Army In l\ranc<
Tuesday. Fel, ||( Aside from 111
ero??.*rt serial activities the Amen
son sector ho* been normal darin*
tee last tweniy?foar boms Harrasi
ISjg artillery fire ami patrolling opSl
it lens have been kept up, bsjt thei
? hni e been I.ISShSS Tlie Aimi i. .
runners are growing more acournt
is their iiru every day?
A PATRIOTIG CROP.
HOW CASTOlt OIL PRODUCED IN
THK SOUTH MAY gAVE Till;
NATION.
Manufacturers Record.
It is conceded by military authori?
ties that the war America and her Al?
lies are waging to save civilization is
to be won in the air. To this end.
the United States is preparing for the
the construction of an air fleet of 22,
000 aeroplanes, in which arc to be in?
stalled the new Liberty motor design?
ed by the best internal combustion en?
gineers in America, who pooled their
knowledge and experience with the
aid furnished from the results achiev?
ed by the Allies' engineers in order
to assure a type of gas engine that
would lurpass anything that could be
accomplished through individual ef?
fort. Since the development of thla
motor experts, after exhaustive tests,
found that the Liberty motor, like
others of its type which run at exces?
sively high speed hour after hour, re?
quires a special oil for its lubrication.
Without an oil that will thoroughly
lubricate every part of the delicately
adjusted mechanism, this powerful
engine would soon pound itself to
pieces. The oil must be one that wll.
not carbonize, it must form a thin
film over every bearing surface, it
must flow under all conditions of at?
mospheric pressure and work equal?
ly as well under excessive heat at
high speeds as under the freezing
temperature of high altitudes.
The only oil that has so far been
discovered to answer every purpose is
nothing more nor less than ordinarj
castor oil, the kind we all became fa?
miliar with in our childhood. Its
use as a lubricant is not a new thing,
for before it came into service as a
lubricant for airplane motors it nil
been used on engines of racing auto?
mobiles for several years.
Upon the decision of the experts
that castor oil was essential for the
operation of the Liberty motor, it
1 ecame evident that the production
and stock of all the castor oil In the
world would not begin to answer our
needs for the large number.of air?
planes we are preparing to construct,
much less to supply oil for those of
our Allies. So it was up to the United
States war department to get busy
and develop this agricultural product
on a larger scale.
To produce castor-oil beans, from
which the od is pressed, requires a
mild climate and a long growing sea?
son. Castor beans have been raised
:n small quantities in different parts',
of tho South in former years, more!
for show purposes than anything else,'
though 30 years ago a castor-oil m.ll
was operated in Texas, using locally j
grown beans. Oil was produced to j
the amount of several hundred thou-j
sand gallons, but with the development
of the mineral oil lubricants th31
planting of castor beans dropped to,
practically nothing. In order to ge'
the seed for this years' crop we had
to import them from India. Hecause
of climatic conditions, the government.'
has had to turn to the South to fur?
nish its castcr-oil supply and the war
department has called upon South?
ern States to plant 200,000 acres in'
castor beans, which will develop an;
entirely new industry to this section.
I
But the problem confronting the
war department was how to get BO j
large an acreage under cultivation b. ,
early spring and get farmers to
plant a crop that they knew nothing
about. As the government could not
deal direct with individual growers,
who could plant but an acre or so
each, it was decided that the whole
200,000 acres required by the war de?
partment this summer .mould be ap?
portioned to the States most suited
for castor-bean production and then
lor the department to make a con?
tract for several thousand acres each
with responsible persons or concerns
in the several States. These con?
tractors are to subcontract with in?
dividual growers. This method of
creating this entirely new agricultural
development was adopted also with
the idea of preventing speculators
from driving the price of the beans
beyond all reason and to make sure
of its supply the needs of the govern
ment were contracted for. The gov?
ernment has allowed to the contractm
$3.GO a bushel for the beans, and Is
guaranteeing to the grower or sub?
contractor $:i a bushel f. o. h. at the
nearest local Weighing and forward?
ing center.
By some the r?0 cents a bushel
Whloh the contractors are to receive
front the government If thought to
be ?XOOSSIVS. The government, how?
ever took into consideration that this
Is an entirely new undertaking which
requires the establishment of organi?
sation! for the purpose of carrying 01
a campaign among the farmers in or?
der to get them interested in the
growing of tins unfamiliar crop, an
Inspection every two weeks of the
acreage under contract and reports
tim government, cost of superin?
tending Die working, picking and haa
ling of the beans of individual grow
e?s cultivating as low as an acre or
;\vo, until the crop is turned over to
.he government after being cured,
thraHhcd, weighed Bvttd ?hipped to
central point, in order that the
government might he protected, con?
tractors arg required to give a bond
of $1 per acre for the amount of
their contract. The grower is pro?
tected, if he is dealing through the
government's contractor, by the guar- j
antee by the government of $3 a hush
el for the beans at a local forwarding |
point.
The South has been asked to fur?
nish the castor beans needed to sup?
ply the oil necessary for the war de?
partment's demands, because, like |
cotton, castor beam require a long
growing season. The South can do'
it. for two reasons: First, it Is a good'
business investment, and second, as
a matter of patriotism the South
must do its duty in this as it is doing
in increasing its production of food?
stuffs and in supplying cotton and
other materials vital to the successful
conduct of the war. Whether or* not
we can produce the castor-bean oil
for our airplanes and those of our
Allies might mean the. difference be?
tween, winning the war or becoming
a slave of Germany. To mention in
the same breath castor oil and the
great war seems to be turning from
the ridiculous to the sublime, but the
raising of castor-oil beans to save civ?
ilization reminds one of the nursery
rhyme that the King was lost, all for
the want of a horseshoe nail. We
must have castor oil, so the experts
say, before we can hope to conquer
Gtrmany through the air. This is the
patriotic side of Why the farmers ol
the South must grow castor beans.
I^et us look at the business side of
it. The government has contracted
for the planting of 200,00t) acres in
the South in castor beans. The gov?
ernment has guaranteed a price to the
grower through the contractors of $3
for every bushel of castor beans raised
i
on this contracted acreage. The
castor-bean plant is said to be about
as near a weed as .any plant, and it I
grows as easily, requiring little ex-1
pense for seed, fertilizer and cultiva- j
tion. The beans for planting are fur?
nished to the growers through the!
contractors, which are required to
sell them at cost, probably $4 or $5
a bushel. One bushel will seed from
15 to 20 acres. The cost of raising
the beans runs from $15 to $30 an
acre. In return, the government of?
fers and guarantees a price of $3 a
bushel for the beans after they arc
picked and dried r cured. Htfts, It
is estimated, wiii i. (-ans probafory $50
to $100 per acre gr ?88. It la savd th*X
on the poorest land in the more north?
ern States of the South, where the
growing season is ihort, a minimum
of 15 bushels to the acre can be pro?
duced, while in the rich soils and Ul
Florida, where the growing season la
longer, probably a crop of 60 to 60
bushels per acre e in be obtained. If
the plants are got touched by frost,
as would be the <;aae in parts of
Florida, they continue to grow and
can be cultivated fee several years.
Owners of young orange groves and
other fiuit trees in the South are
urged to raise ca: :or beans between
the rows, .as the cantor plant will pro?
tect the young trees |n the winter and
afford a partial shade in the summer
without interfering with the growth
of the fruit trees.
From these figures the South will
have added to the value of its agri?
cultural products this year from the
castor bean development probably
over $12,000,000 In a crop entirely
new and one that can only be suc?
cessfully grown in this section. The
farmers who come to the aid of the
nation in furnishing castor beans will
he well paid for their patriotism.
Solve the Fertilizer Problem
With
MANURE
Cost and efficiency considered it's
The Cheapest Fertilizer
ACOMPARIS N OF THE COSTS OF PLANT FOOD IN COM?
MERCIAL FERTILIZERS AND MANURE
BASIC PRICE PER UNIT
Acid.$1.25
Ammonia.$7.00
Potash.$6.00
COMMERCIAL
FERTILIZER
Analysis?
8-3-0 cost per ton.$37.00
8-3-3 cost per ton.$54.00
10-2-0 cost per ton.$30.00
MANURE FROM CAMP
JACKSON
Analysis?
Acid. 0.4 5 at $1.25.$ .00
Ammonia. 0.68 at $7.00.4.*6
rot; sh. 0.58 at $6.00.3.4S
$8.80
ACTUAL WORTH OF MANURE BASED ON COMMERCIAL
FERTILIZER $8 80
OUR PRICE LESS THAN HALF THAT
Furthermore the decaying organic matter in the Madura is con?
stantly adding available plant food to the soil, is Valuable both from a
humus standpoint as well as a land build r Manure wiil show ie*<ilta
for time years, and its cost divided through this period will show a
much hi wer coat per unit of plant food thin any other fertilizer on the
market
We are daily making shipments of
this pioducl into all sections of the
country, and it is being received with
e tire satisfaction on account of its
? xeel'ent qua ity and condition on
arrival at destination,
We will b* g'ad to make credit ar?
rangement! with reiLorinible parties,
or we will accept wood in exchange
for n aniire Wood to be delivered
during the summer months.
Right now is the time l<> use Ma?
nure. Write us today if you are
interested in prompt delivery. We
already have nume out orders booked
for prompt shipment, but w\ 1 use our
best efforts to make delivery in ac?
cordance with your inatructioi s.
V\ e specialize on car lot shipments.
Cars average 33 tous. Buy a car in
conjunction with your neighbor and
save freight.
Shipment Made From Either Point
CAMP J VCKSON, CAMP WADSWORTH,
Columbia, S. C. Spartanburg S. ?.
Agents Wanted in Unoccupied Territory
POWELL FUEL COMPANY,
Columbia. S. C.
C. H. DuRant,
Local Agent
Sumter, S. C