Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PRESIDENT W'LSON'S AOGHESS OVTUNK OF WAR MMs \\|; WHAT W ASIIIM.TON THINKS OF SI?FF( II. America Will Fight lo Knd?l idtcd Stattet* ( ommitusl t<? <?<> on With War for Frw lYoplo?Ki.jmiu; oi Wrongs Object of Efforts. Washington. Ian. 8.?America'^ program of war and peace, with detl nlte terms upon which the nation's treat snd small fighting tOfOthe against Oerman world-domination are ready to lay dewn their arma was given to the world by President WH? IM today through an address to con? gress in joint session. For this program, liased upon the righting of wrongs and the safe! of peace loving peoples desiring t" live their own lives, the president committed the Ignited StatOi to flgh' and continue t> fight until it I* achieved. Thus he pledged the coun try to the allies' policy of no separat, peace "We can not be separated in inter? est or divided in purpose." he said 'We stand together to the end " The speech, heard by congress at en hour's notice and accompanied-with a wave of approval that brought to geihsr virtually ?very element of bo** houses, was delivered as a direct re? sponse to the Oerman challenire i thw negotiation* with Russiann Hreet-Lltovsk It fallowed closel-- ;m ' approved the a ldress of the Brttlsl premier, but was far more speclPc In statement of terms, robbing of fore, in advance any Herman peace dri\ designed to con use the entente an ? American govern nents and their pec plee, while it the same time present? ing the foundatlcn for genuine nee tiatlons whenever the central powers sre ready to talk of a just peace. Fourteen concrete proposals laid down by the pres dent began with th declaration that the days of privat? international understandings nre gone and that covenarts of peace must hi reached In the open. Hrlefiy summa i sed the other points are. Absolute freedom of the sea* In peace or war except as they may be closed by International action; remov? al of economic barriers among nations associating themtelves to maintain Peace; guarantees of the reduction of armaments to thi lowest point con? sistent with domestic safety; impar? tial adjustment of colonial claims based upon the principle that the peo plee concerned have ???jual rights with the governments; evacuation of all Raeelan territory und opportunity to Russia's political development; evac? uation of Helglu.n. evacuation of Krenoh territory and righting of the Alsace-Lorraine wrong; readjustment of Italy's frontier along recognized ?Ines of nationality; free opportunity for autonomous development of th peoples of Austria-Hungary; evacua? tion of Roumania, Serbia and Monte negro and guarantees for all the Bal? kan states; sovereignty of Turkey's portion of the Ottoman empire and autonomy Tor other nationalities; an Independent Poland with access to th? sea; and general association of na? tions for mutual guarantees of inde pendence and territorial Integrity to large and small stites alike. A notable feature of the address was the sympathetic attitude of th president toward the Russian repre sentativea who dealt with th at the peace conference?the Bp ash S vlkl, often execrated for their defer tlon from the entenb and for per? mitting themselves to be drawn Into the Teutonic pear- trap. The Rus? sians, he said, presenting a perfeth eleer statement of the principles upon which they would h?? willing to con. elude pence. w? re sincere and in earnest, and when they found that the actual Oermu-i terms of settle? ment came from tie military leaders who had no thougl.t lar to SQCp what they had taken, thi negotiations were broken off. Fpon the question of whether the Russisns and the world are to listen tc the military an 1 imperialistic mi noilty which so fa:* has dominated lh*? Teutonic policj or to the liberal leaders und partita who speak the Kplrit and intentions of the Russians r.dopted by the Oermun reichst.u; i g ?July, the president leelared. must de pend the peace of the world. Everywhere In Washington it wa? agreed thut the president hud ma de a great address and had given ex? pression to the vWail of the Americin people as I whole. The difference of opinion was ua t.i tehethot It was a pe tee or a ua' sj.i- ? h Some inem bers of both houses of eongrses pro fesaed to believe that tin- German! laltht tind the terms laid down ue? r? ptable ss a basis >>f nccjOtlatloe, In mCSt quarters, however. there was no such optlml* n and the speai h was looked upon as a great war d* u ment--clearing the atmosphere t..? the governments and people*., l-.gbt Ing Oermany, heartening the diso? gsnlsed RuMsbtnM ar d furnishing II light for the Herman people them relvea when they W mt to see It. hi response ??? tin <inivcr**al query -... ? . - .M?iwirn? i* to the reasons which Impelled tho chief ? xecutlve to ml ko hli ? ppeat i s ? unexpectedly In ion congiess . gain to enunciate th*- anus i>r the United states and it.; oo bellige rents* it was stated authoritatively that, in the, opinion of President Wilson, th psvohologieal moment had arrived when it was ftfetoHital) net aaaary t< n ake t strong effort to counteract tin etil effects of German duplicity and dotlbla dealings upon the Russian! who had boon charted to meet the trail i Herman negotiators, it is felt that no efforts should he spared to prevent a resumption from Brest-Lit avail negothitlon by the Russians Wlthoui earnest but friendly admom lOfJ by the allies Mid America of the '? rrihle dangers to which she is ex ;cd. The president assumed in his mes ge to congress that these negotia? tions have been brokn off. Yet it is felt in otlicial circles here that, al 'l in? ed at the irritating effect upon their own people of the sudden withdrawal Of the longed for peace with their eastern neighbor from whom they had . onlldontly expected to draw vast supplies of food and raw material with which to relieve their sufferings, tho Hermans will make a surpreme effort |0 entice the Russians to resume the conferences by abating their first ex? treme demands or by presenting them in fresh and specious language cal? culated to cover their real meaning. Another reason for today's address Is found in the necessity of makinj eme reply to the request of Leon Trotsky, the HOttfltfIsl foreign min ater. that America and tho entente allies Join the peace conference, Ger? many having made it a condition of any peace agreement that Russia should bring her cobelligerents Into the negotiations. Not having recog? nized tie Bolsheviki regime as the Rugging government, the only feas Ible way of communication with it appeared to be through a public enunciation of American war aims, lollowing the example of Lloyd 'eorge. It will be necessary to the ? ueeegg of this purpose that circula? tion of I*resident Wilson's address hill be effected in Russia to which end the full text of the speech was sent ly cable and wireless to all the principal capitals of the world Probably in spite of the drastic Ger? man censorship rules. designed to keep the Clerman people in ignor? ance of the truth, the substance of the ?iddress also will leak across the Ger? man frontiers from neutral nelgh '?orinR Stab's and thus strengthen the handi Of the German Socialistic parties in the struggle with the Pan IGermans and the military party. There are intimations though no of? ficial admissions, that President Wil SOn ;nd the British premier spoke with a full understanding as to what was to be at id and that the president who said, today, "there is no confus? ion of counsel among the ad versa rios of the central powers," mado his ad? dress supplementary to that of the Prltish premier. Lloyd George's speech was prepar? ed 1 efore the abrupt termination of the Rrcnt-Litovsk negotiations and h< took' a rather hopeless view of Rus? sia's future, declaring that "if Rus ) ;o-ts independently we can rt*o\ help the catastrophe." President Wilson is much more optimistic and hopeful of the nwaken ' of the Russians to the dangers of the pitfall which Germany has dug for them. Some slight differences in th>1 Stamen! of the aims of Germam enemies today as compared with pre? ceding utterances of President Wil? son and even of the recent declara? tions of Lloyd George are noticed but it is stated these are unimportant and not dSStgnSd in anv way to affect or weaken the general principles laid down as the basis for any peace that might be considered. One instance la the use of the term "evaucation and ri toratlon" by President Wilson in regard to Beligum instead of "res? toration and reparation." This "res? toration" the president is said to hold, must be at the expense of Germany ind not of all of the warring states as propaed by the Russians, so the dif rence In phrasing Is not regarded as substantial. The third artloli in the president's program declaring against economic warfare Is regarded here as in line with the batter reasoned oonoluslons of the entente ministers at present, though <>u Its face It is in conflict with the dee la ration! Of the Paris con- ' ferenee. J The demand for th?* readjustment of Italy's frontiers along national lines- Is OS peeled, to be welcomed by the Italianu as full recognition of their "Italian Irredenta* aspirations. In his srtlele providing for an in? dependent Polish State the president Is said ta mean that freedom shall be given not only to Russian Poland but to the pop s in Austria and Germany, 't also is stated the demand for "tree und secure SOeSS to the s< i" for the new Polish stats does nol mean that Pninnd should ?stend her sov? erelgnty over Mastern Prussia to the Baltic Sea. I,lit Simply that she shOUl | be given I he right to free commnnl- : AQU 1 Wood row Wilson's De For Which Ameri< Conditions on Can B( 1. Open covenant* of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understand? ings of any kind, l>ut diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public View. 2. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial wa-1 tern, alike in peace and in war, except Ofl the seas may be closed in whole or hi part by international action lor the enforcement of internat onal cove? ns nts. 3. The removal, as far as possible. Ol all economic barriers and the es? tablishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations con? senting to ilie peace and associating 1 emselvee for its maintenance. I. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point con? sist cut with domestic safety. B, A free, open-minded, and abso? lutely impartial adjustment of all co? lonial claims, based upon a strict ob ruervance of the principle that in de rmlning all such questions of sov? ereignty the interests of the popula? tions concerned must have equal we|s/h1 wlt'n the equitable claims of the government WhOgC title is to be determined, fi. The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will se icure the best and freest cooperation of i iho other nations of the world in ob talnlng lor her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the in Idpendent determination of her ow: political development and national pol? icy and assure her of a sincere wel? come into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choos h g; and more than a welcome, assist? ance also of every kind that she may i ecd and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sis? ter nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their good will, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own Interests, and Of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy. \ 7. Belgium, the whole world will 8gree, must be evacuated and restored vithout any attempt to limit the sov? ereignty which she enjoys in common .with all other free nations. No other 1 single act will serve as this will serve |t< restore confidence among the na? tions in the laws which they have Ithemselves set and determined for the 1 government of their relations with on i I another, Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of inters national law is forever impaired. S. All French territory should be ' freed and the invaded portions re Itored, ."?nd the wrong done to France by Prussia In l S 71 In the matter o'. Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty \?ars. should be righted. In order that I ' ice may once more be made secure it the interest of nil. J '.?. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clear? ly recognizable lines of nationality. 10. The peoples of Austria-Hun iry, whose place among tho nations . ?<? wish to see safeguarded and SSSUr iCd, should be accorded the freest op? portunity of autonomous develop? ment. 11, Rumania, Serbia and .Montene? gro should be evacuated, occupied ter j rltorlei restored, Serbia accorded free and secure aocess to the sea and the relations of the several Balkans states tu be one another determined by friendly counsel along historically es? tablished lines of allegiance and na? tionality, and International guarantees of the political and economic Inde? pendence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan Btatei should be entered Into. 12. The Turkish portions of the preseni Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the ether nationalities which are now un? der Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life .and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development, and tb. D rdanelles hould be permanently opened na b free passage to ships and commerce of all natloni under inter? national guarantees. 13, An Independenl Polish State should i e erected, which should in? clude the territories inhabited by In? disputably Polish populations; which should be assured a free and secure access to Ihe sea, and whose political and econoi tic Independence and t< i ? ?I i wlih Mnltic seaports, privil? ege similar to thai enjoyed by Oer? many In iraverslns Holland's terrl tot ! waters n1 the mouth of the Scheldt. I tclaration of Principles :a is Fighting and Which Peace i Made. ritorial integrity .should ho guarail teed by international covenant. 14, A general association of na? tions must he formed under specific covenants ior the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political inde? pendence and territorial integrity to great and small State:; alike. in regard to these essential rectifi? cations of wrong - nd assertions o rli ht we feel ou:selves to he intlmatt partners of all lha governments an-1 peop'es, associated together againsl the imperialists. We cannot he sep arated In Interest or divided in pur pose. Wo stand together until tin end. p, ihopvillG News Items. Rishopville, Jan. 7.?This is fearful weather and how fortunate are thos. 'who have comfortable homes with plenty to eal, and something to burn This weather surpasses anything 1 l ave ever experienced, and bids fail to continue. Old Mr. Lucas from near Rethum fell on the frozen pavement on Mon day and it was feared his hip wa: dislocated, lie suffered great pain. IK was taken to his home in an automo I bile. i:\--shcriff Muldrow is suffering from another attack of his old trou ble and has the sympathy of hi ? any friends. He is reported soni I hotter today. I The fanners are restless. I*ibor i. RCaroe and demoralized, and after yo'1 have hired a hand he is liable to b? drafted into the army at any time, s< it is hard to know what to do. Tie fall in the price of cotton seed will hurt many farmers- that were holdinf their seed for higher prices. Mr. R. M. Cooper, Jr., has just re? turned from another trip to Kentucky ,r hear he has bought another lot ol f)ne cows. The members of the as? sociation are very much pleased with ! their success, as it is becoming morf and more profitable to them. One ot its members declares five cows in milk are better than a three-horse farm. Mr. H. W. Scott has sold his farm at Wisacky to his son Edgar, and has moved to Rishopville. where he will make his future home. Mr. Burkett has given up his po? sition at St. Charles and moved hi^ family to Timmonsville where he will engage in business. Most of the young students who came horre for the Christmas holidays have returned to the different colleges. The holidays were exceedingly quiet On that day we laid to rest our dear old friend Mr. Alpheus Ra? ker, whom I have known all my life He was a man of noble character and sterling worth and left an enviable record of which any man might be proud. His popularity was evidenc? ed by the large crowd of friends thai attended his funeral at Hepzibal: church. Mrs. Green DcsChamps, who has I een in bad health for some time, was taken to Baltimore this week for treatment. She was accompanied by her husband. Dr. MeClure, Jr., and Mrs. Rogers Scarborough. We all hope she will soon be able to return to her home fully restored to health. On January ,1rd Miss Maude Wil? liams, daughter of Mr. M. L. Wil? liams, one of our most popular and attractive young ladies, was united In marriage to Mr. jerry L. Honck, a prosperous young farmer of Orange burg county. Prece ling the marriage ceremony Mrs. Margarite Foncke of Clinton sang "Melody of Love" and ?At Dawning." Then came the wed? ding march by Miss Louise Shirer COUSin of the bride. The brlde'O cos? tume consisted of a handsome suit, of brown broadcloth with hat and shoes io match. The house was beautiful fy decorated with evergreens and White. After a short bridal tour Mr and Mrs. Honck will return to their home in Orangeburg county. Miss Annie Williams, a younger sister of tho bride, was maid of homo Italian Headquarters Northern Italy, Wednesday. Jan. V The one ny's winter campaign appears to lave been seriously interrupted, if not mlted definitely by the recenl heavy now falls, which now cover the nountaln front three to five feet leep, Infantry operations are out ot he Question, and lines ot communt' atioll may he rinsed. Austin. T< v ' i, Jan Three per* ions were kille I and eleven injured at Irnnger early today when two see <>ns of southbound Missouri, Kan ?s and Texas flyer collided. WILL MOBILIZE LABOR. ' KEMEXDOI s EXPANSION OF EMPLOYMENT SERVICE IN PROGRESS, Dcnsraorc to R<> Director?To Orsan ins Workers rot Agriculture, Gov? ernment Shipbuilding and War Con t racta. Washington, Jan. 7.?Mobilization of 3,000.000 workers for agriculture, shipbuilding and war contracts WSA entrusted today to tho United Staler employment service by the depart ? nt of labor. Tremendous expansion of the ser vice is in progress in preparation fo. recruiting men necessary to carry on the economic work in support of the militayr forces in the war. Solution t the labor shortage problem by th?s means is confidently proposed by th? department and the cooperating labo.' organizations in answer to susseslion hat conscription Df labor is nepos sary. An early result is expected to l>a ! the placing of 40 ).000 mechanics In I shipbuilding plants to aid in hurrying j to completion the merchant marine program. John B. Densmore. of Montana, so? licitor fir the department of labor will be the national director of the employment service by appointment of Secretary Wilson. He will have as his assistant Robert Watson, of Mas sachusetts, and Charles T. Clayton, of Maryland. Sri mud Compers, of Xe^v York, son of the labor leader, will succeed Mr. Watson as the depart? ment's chief clerk. Organization plans for the nesv ser? ies were described in an official statement, which said: "The United Stales employment ser ice has- been divorced from the bu? reau of immigration, under whos? control it has ben since its SStabiiMt :ent made a separate arm of the de? partment and one of the longest and most important war prosecuting or? ganizations of the national govern ment. "Through the utilization of exist.m and projected federal. State and mu? nicipal employment offices and the la? bor supplying facilities of the various State councils of defense, tb*? federal employment service will cover the en .ire continrr.ent with a network of interrelated labor exchanges. These will 'recruit' and transfer workers from one section tc another and slim inate the present chaotic situation of a surplus of workers in one region and a shortage in another. "Supplementing i his labor distribu tion work the expanded federil ser? vice will create a vast reservoir of la oor to meet the increasing demands of the various war industries by meat ? of its two auxiliary bodies, the Un;.ted States Puhl c Service and the United States Roys' Working Reserv?. The creation of this labor surplus al? ready is under way. "The public serv ce reserve is ex? pected by the department of Labor and the heads of organized labor to solve the labor shortage problems and to prove a conscription of labor to be unnecessary. The executive commit? tees of many of th s largest interna? tional unions are cooperating with th" reserve's heads in the enrolment o their members and their voluntary acceptance of war jabs. "Tho making of the United States Employment Service the instrumcn for the handling of the national la? bor uuestion meet-? with the approval of both employers and employes. Sincr the entrance of the United States into the war the American Federation of Labor, representing the workers, and tho Chamber of Commerce of the Ur.i ted states, speaking for employers and business generally, both have sought the action announced today.-* UNCLE SAM TO BUY FLOUR. Will Purchase so ivr Cent of Mills' Outp it Washington, Jan. To supply the needs of the army BUd navy and the nations associated with the United states in the war against? Germany the food administration will purchase from every Hour mill in the country not to exeeed 30 pei cent of Its out ! put. Out of the flour purchases, it i was explained, the food administra? tion will retain at all times a reserve Stock and will ship flour to any point, whore the local supply might be short. This measure is not taken with B view of diminishing supplies to the \ market, said an administration aji laouncement, "but Is to fundamentally, further adequate handling of tranev portation in respect to army, navy and export requirements." GERMAN PliOT UNCOVERED. i Resumption of Anti-War Propaganda by German Agents. Washington. Jan. Id.?Through In? tercepted communications and svi r|once foMn<| on n score of arrested itlr-ns government agents have dta , overed u concerted n ovement to re organise Herman sabotage and antl v .,, propaganda In this country. GERMANS HIDE TRUTH. .vashixgton PrisLIslIES XtWU : i \( i; ?f ( AUF (,(;\ i;iiN Mi: Vi TAKES TO DI? rect public OPINION. Serie* of Beeret Instructions Fall into Hands of Uncle Sani'*? Agent*. Washington, Jan. 7.?Evidence of the care the German government is ti king to direct public opinion and to deceive not only its enemies, but its own people, is contained in a series Ol secret instructions issued to the German press by the censorship, which have fallen into the hands of tlie State department. These instruc? tions cover a period of less than three months last year, but they tell a very complete story of how the ^Teutonic wai lords coatrol public opinion. I Owners Of newspapers and publish? ers generali: not only are limited as to the character of the articles print? ed, hut in many (rises are told what they should publish and in what terms. Labor disturbances, food short? age and difficulties in securing and distributing; coal are placed under the ban, but newspapers are urged to give prominence to enemy losses and to certain pre? bribed interpretations of 1 international situations. A hint of the relentles??ness of the authorities In punishing infractions of orders is contained in one notice, in which attention is called to the fact that the police "have again been noti? fied to seek out and to bring to ruth j less punishment originators and com I municators of untrue military, politi? cal, financial and economic reports," In another notice similar wTarning is given that the police will proceed en ergeticaly against those who repeat untrue reports. Interesting light is thrown upon Berlin's view of the preparations fo.* war in the United States by a paragraph of an order dated June I last. It says: "While the news about America's war preparations, such as the organi? zation and outfitting of an army one million strong to Reinforce the French English frort, is looked upon in that form, as 'bluff,' the spreading of which 1 may unfavorably affect the opinion of the German people, yet the facts must not be overlooked, on the other hand, that the United States, with the sup? port of its capacity for material and (industrial management, is arming it self for war with great energy and tenacity. The war preparations in America are therefore, as was inti? mated in th Reichstag at the time, not at all to be made little of, but must be taktn seriously without on that account being made a source ot 1 worry." t Another da .ed June says: "Petit Partien informs us that five American divisions, numbering 125,000 men, may be expected in France in the autumn of 1917. It is urgently re? quested not to reproduce this informa? tion without some comment. We do not wish to underestimate the ability of America tc accomplish things, but must not, or the other hand, over? estimate. In order to bring a division over from Ar erica 75.000 tons must make the trip twice, therefore from the mere fact of lack of space the transportation of such a body of troops within certain fixed time limits is im? possible. However, it is impossible to train these troops properly by autumn. These facts. Which have recently been discusp^d in the German war news cannot be too strongly emphasized in the discussion of that of French news." Printing of anti-German speeches it\ , the Austrian Parliament are forbid I den in various instances, and the at ! titude to be taken by the German press, both fo/ its effect at home and 1 upon Austria-Hungary is indicated in I the following, lated June 6: ? A few days ago the Austro-Hun garlan press was left free to discuss the war aims. We can unreservedly endorse the war aims given out In the majority of the Austro-Hungarian press. Of course, the fully warranted and no inconsiderable war aims which are needed fo" the conservation and the development of the confederated monarchy, as well as for a world peace can only be accomplished if Austria-Hungary adheres to her un? derstanding wii 1 the German Empire and its allies and with positive refer? ence to her military economy and po? litical forces announces clearly and positively her firm will to hold out and win, as Is the case with the over u helming niaj- rity of the German people. Suggertions on this point to our press are recommended." ASK sweden TO MEDIATE. German Delegates at IVtrograd Want Sweden to Servo as Go Rot ween. Petrograd. W* dnesday. Jan. 9.? German delegations in Petrograd are report? i by the Evening Post to have gotten in touch with the Swedish le? gation here and have expressed a de? Sire for Sweden to act as the go-be? tween with Great Britain, France and Italy.