WATCHMAN, Hl.hed Apr*, 1?M. **M and
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Oratotldfttod Aug. 9,1861.
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thjc true southron,
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SUMTER, S. C, WEDtfMfeAY, AUGUST 1, 1917.
VoLXLIV. No. 48.
mOUAMD* DIRECTOR OF MILI?
TARY OPERATIONS KX
OFUflON.
the Greet
Tear of The
us lie?
fer ABtee to Drew l'i>
Jury II.?Amerlca'e cn
troooo toto the war is the moot tro
port sod development of the third yea;
ef too treat eooitet. to the opinion o
MeJ. Oen- Frederick B. Maurice, chle'
dsn et er of military operations at the
British war ofltae, os expressed Ii tut
totervtew In which ho reviewed Uvi
events of the third year and
up the present Situation?.
Maier OinsWl Mauriee said,
-Qprmssy, whose whole rallPao
gospel was to prosecute a vigorous
usTsssslso, Is reduced to a pitiful SMte
of mUUpry helplessness In whioh ?he
Is barely able to hon? on" In the hope
that her submarines will force the
people- of the Entente powere to de?
ssen*/ peooo at a time when Oermany
has the "bio pawns" with which to
o ooigsio
rose the military point
et view." sold Mai- Oen. Maurice, the
?SO.port event of the third year of the
woe Is too foot that the American peo?
ple joleed uo. Up to the present,
Franco end ftussla always have been
obto to say to their people ttvU the
I Bajrttafj power hod not yet boon de?
veloped to the fullest extent end that,
when Ewgtesd's full weight woo in the
te*. the pressure-op the ftsooih and
would be, su mow hat lessened,
still Is true, hut only to a limit
it. Sheep JftMrtaod la getting
too spool whore ehe moot soy
> spsgiot extsnd her work much
to France. Meanwhile, toe
h> the conti snoOot pouotries is
greater and greatsr and the
pro to root need of mors and
toot , too man with the
10 going to win, and we
gtfjl fcevs got the whole power of the
UfJHod States to draw opoa. The
Dolled States hi today the general re
eorvs of the Entente. With that re
servo Intact, wo may look ths fourth
year In the face with entire confidence.
"Oermany has made the sams mis?
take with regard to the United States,
oe throe years ago, ans made with re?
gard to England. She argued, "we do
not believe England will come In but.
If she does come In, she le not a
mlittery notion end cannot become a
military power soon enough to play
any port In this war." Ws proved
that theory wrong as you will prove
her theories regarding the United
Stetes wrong.
"What was It that led Oermany
Into war with the United States? She
found ehe could not win on land. It
woo necessary to try u-boet warfare.
This.* said ths German theorists, 'will
defeat England and bring the reign
ef the Entente to an end. We do not
believe the United Stab* will come
In. but If ehe does, she Is an unmlli
tary nation, haa no army, cannot ere
ate one for many months, perhars
years, certainly cannot become u mil?
itary factor soon enough to play any
part In this war.'
"That reasoning sounds unbelievable
to us but a drowning man clutches
at a straw. We believe the Gorman
theorists will be proved as wrong in
their estimates of the United States
as they were In their estimates til
England.
"You asked me what Is the outlook
nt the opening of the fourth year o'
the war. First, let me give you |g
epitome the history of the first thru*
>ears as I understand It
"The first year, broadly spcukinr
was sn sttempt by Germany to put
Into effect elaborate plans which he:
military strategists had been pre?
paring over the space of niary 'on
yssrs. The first phase was a concen
trsted attack on Frsnce and Eelgi.m
during a certain allotted period c
time, In which the Germans estimated
It would be Impossible for Russia t<
disturb them In the eist.
"Ths sttack on France was che-rlx
ed. first on the Manx . later on th
Yser snd st Ypres, slthough Fr.m"
and Belgium suffered severely In t't
process.
"Oerinsny then, according to h?*r
plan, took the defensive on the w?s
tern front and turned her offensive Of
fort eastward In an effort to knock
out Husshi. Here again she fulled
nltbeugb her rtttnek enormously gfOOM
? ned Itusaln's offensive power.
"In the sutunin of lilt, Gcrmanx
MORE AMERICAN TROOPS AR?
RIVE IN EUROPE.
Large Body Disembarked Without
Ceremony and Hastened to Training
Comp Noar Front.
european Port, July 28.?Another
contingent of American troops hau
safely arrived and disembarked. Tho
soldiers were in high spirits as the
tender went, alongside Friday. Rep?
resentatives of the general staff watch?
ed the debarkation, but there wa>
no civic demonstration. Only a few
townspeople knew of the landing. The
troops entrained quietly and left im?
mediately for their new quarters.
The signal company remained behind
for some hours, and these wero the
only representatives of the contingent
tho public saw.
No OnVjsjyjgws.
Washington. July -o.?The govern?
ment withheld information or com?
ment when the news of the arrival of
another American contingent in Eu?
rope was first received.
definitely abandoned her old pre-war
strategic scheme and started in on a
new plan developed since the war be?
gan, namely, an effort to upbuild
'Mltel-Europa' as a great block com?
posed of four so-called Central Pow?
ers which would command the road to
the east. The autumn campaign of
1911 consisted, in essence, of the
furtherance of this scheme by con?
quering Serbia, bringing in Bulgaria
end halting our Dardanelles effort b>
rushing munitions; supplies and sol?
diers to the assistance of the Turks.
"By the winter of 1911 Germany
had tone a long way toward realisa?
tion of her o^rn ambition and this
point represents to my mind the
grand climacteric of Germany's offen
iaivs power. All this time Great
Britain had been building up armies,
end with the beginning of ills, we for
the first time, hod a real army in tho
of Ruaeia woe impoestbls, Raset* wie
too massive to kill or crush. Ho the
German staff again turned on France
and the Verdun attack was the result.
"With the defeat of Germany at
Verdun came a turning of the tide of
Which further manifestation was seen
Jn a successful British offensive. Pre?
vious British militaiy efforts had been,
comparatively speaking, minor opera?
tions or operations undertaken la
support of the French. At the Sommc
wo started our new work and really
great, Important work it was. al?
though a great deal of the contem?
porary effect of the Verdun defeat
and of the Somme victory was neu?
tralised by Germany's push Into Ru?
mania. The Rumanian push, howev?
er, viewed In true historical perspec?
tive was merely a flash In the pan.
The Oerman military power already
was on the decline snd her offensive
strength was nothing like what It had
been the year before.
'The end of 1916 found tho situa?
tion betwen the two great groups of
contestants about equally balanced
but with the scales leaning slightly in
favor of the Entente.
"The year 1917 has presented a still
rosier picture. During the whole
third year of the war Germany and
her allies have attempted nothing on
land. They everywhere have been
on the defensive. The Turks lost Bag?
dad and the Sinai peninsula. Ou
Germany's eastern frontier, although
the Russian revolution enormously
weakened Russia's military power.
Germany was Incapable of taking ad?
vantage of the situation. On the
Austrian front, the Italians got into
powerful blows. In the west the
British and French struck repeatedly
and the Germans have been powerless
I to answer back.
"This is the pitiful state to which
we have reduced the great power
whose whole military gospel was sum?
med up in the phrase 'vigorous of?
fensive.' Germany's military help?
lessness, owing to the long strain on
her manpower, material and resources,
Is such that today she barely is able
to hang on and her only hope Is that
she may Und some way of similarly
wearing us down and forcing us out
of the war before wo get up momen?
tum to drive her back.
"At present Germany is banking on
the u-boat. She hopes against hope
that the u-boat Will reduce the peo?
ple of the Entente powers to the same
state of went, privation and suffering
which she has been enduring for
months and years past. She hopes t->
make the Entente peoples cry enough
gad start pea OS parleys while she Still
has got the big pawns with which t<
bargain nt a peace oenference."
WAR PURCHASING PLAH.
NKW SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENP;
BUYING.
Two Boards Created, One on War In*!
UustWes and the Other to Hn\o I
Charge of Priority of Deliveries.
Washington. July 27?The nett
plan for making government war par
chases, calling for reorganization of
the committee system of the defense
council probably will be announced*
by President Wilson tomorrow or
Monday and be put Into effect Imme*
diately. The council was to have ap?
proved It today, but postponed action
until tomorrow.
Creation of a war industries board
and a priority board to supervise gov?
ernment buying is the most important
change from the present system. Thu
war industries board, with Frank
Scott at its head, although making ttei
actual purchases, will approve all coBP?
tracts for war supplies. The priority^
board will designate the order III
which government contracts shall bejl
filled. ?
Both the war and navy department^]
will delegate purchasing powers to
their representatives on the was I
board, and the shipping board proi>*j
ably will be represented on the Prijj
orlty board. Coordination of Amerns
can and allied purchases will be ao*j
ocmplished by putting the allied puivj
chaser under the war industries board.'
Bernard Baruch, it is understood*
will have charge of all purchases witw
the question of priority of delivery an;
among the allies themselves left In
the allied missions. ? 1
Herbert Hoover has been mention*^
as a possible member of the priority,1
board to assist In deciding the prij
orlty of food shipments. ]f
Priority decisions will not stop al
actual government purchases, but wal
be extended to purchases by concertM
working on government contracts an?
firms supplying them. Some official
advocate legislation to give the goV
eminent power to decide priority m
purohases for the general public, ttfl
Having heavy government war Plfl
may l*r *hw publtc^pTnto^iortien
ate charges.
All committees and boards under
reorganisation will answer directly to
the war Industries board and through
it to the council.
-
MANY JOBS VACANT.
Great Number of Stenographers and
Typewriters, Both Men and Women,
Badly Needed by the United States
Government.
s
The supply of qualified persons is
not equal to the demand. Number of
vacancies In the Department Service
(Washington, D. C.) Is so great that
at present ull who pass the examina?
tion, which is held weekly In the
principal cities are certified for ap?
pointment, and the need in the field
Service (positions outside of Washing?
ton, D. C.) is scarcoly less urgent. Ex?
aminations are held frequently.
A number of men who can operate
a typewriter will be needed In the va?
rious army offices in Charleston, S. C,
and Atlanta. Ga., and these men will
be appointed through the typewriter
examination for the Field Service so
called, at a salary of $1,000 a year.
As a patriotic duty, qualified per?
sons are urged to apply. The exami?
nations have been simplified by omit?
ting the tabulating test, etc. Full in?
formation and application blanks can
be obtained from the secretary, Local
Civil Service Board at any first or sec?
ond class postoffice, or from the Secre?
tary, Fifth Civil Service Distrlcc, 202
Postoffice Building, Atlanta, Ga.
MANY WILL BE EXEMPTED.
Canvass of New York District Indi?
cates Tluit Four Out of Five Will
Escape.
New York. July .10.?A canvass of
I 66 men in three New York draft dis
j tricts seems to show that only one in
, five will be accepted for the army.
,This may necessitate the calling out
of 191,000 instead of 75,000 as plan?
ned. The agents making the investl
gation also reports that wives of men
liable to draft are quitting work so as
to be classed as dependents.
BRITISH CRUISER SUNK.
Submarines Get Another Large War?
ship.
-?
London, July SO,?The British cruls
Or Ariadne Of eleven thousand tons;
has been torpedoed and sunk, It Is <
officially announced. The cruiser was
built in ISps. Rhe usually curried p
complement of six hundred nn(| sev?
enty-seven officers' and men.
FOOD CONTROL BILL.
rPERENCE LEADERS TO CON
JLT PRESIDENT TODAY RE?
GARDING UNSETTLED
|. POINTS.
te House Conference May Bring
Final Passage of Measure This
We* k?Minimum Prices and Pro
bitiou.
Washington. July 29.?Conferees
the administration food control bill
ihed an impasse tonight after an
ll-day conference, and leadeis de?
graded to confer tomorrow with Prjsi
Bent Wilson on the two points re?
maining in dispute?the senate pro
posals to establish a congressional
Committee to supervise war expendi?
ture, and to create a board of three
Rfood administrators instead of one of
i.ncial.
Upon all other questions the corf
ference committee reached a com?
plete agreement. Final enactment of
Lthe bill this wek is hoped for by the
^conferees but not regarded as cer?
tain. Representative Lever, heading
tike house conferees, and Senator
Chamberlain, who handled the bill in
the senate for the administration, will
(take up with President Wilson to?
morrow the two remaining differ?
ences. The conferees will meet again
afterwards. Several of them, how?
ever, believe a partial disagreement
will result in submission of disputed
questions to both legislative branches
for another vote. Numerous other
changes have been agreed to in the
bill, with most of the principal sen
[ate amendments accepted.
The conferees agreed that in addi
lon to fpods, feeds and fuels, the gov
iment shall control "fuel oil and
itural gas, fertilizer and fertilizer
gradients, tools, utensils, tmple
equtpment required for the
ictlon thereof*?all de
os necessaries. The so
control section of the house
broader than 'the senate's
authorizing federal reg
(klon, agreed to yesterday, follows:
"That from and after thirty days
from the date of the approval of this
act, no foods, fruits, food materials
or feeds shall be used In the pro?
duction of distilled spirits for bever?
age purposes; provided, that under
such rules, regulations, 'Ond bonds M
the president may prescribe, such ma?
terial* may be used in the production
of distilled spirits exclusively for
other than beverage purposes, or for
the fortification of pure sweet wines
as defined by the revenue act of Sep?
tember 8, 1916.
"Nor shall there be Imported into
the United States any distilled spirits.
"Whenever the president shall find
that limitation, regulation or prohibi?
tion of the use of foods, fruits, food
materials or feeds in the production of
malt or vinous liquors, for beverage
purposes, or that the reduction of the
alcoholic contents of any such malt or
vinous liquors is essential in order to
assure an adequate and continuous
supply of foods, or that the nation?
al security and defense will be sub?
served thereby, he is authorized from
time to time to prescribe and give
public notice of the extent of the limi?
tation, regulation, prohibition or re?
duction so necessitated. Whenever
such notice shall have been given and
shall have remained unrevoked no
person shall, after a reasonable time,
prescribed in such notice, use any
foods, fruits, food materials or feeds
in the production of malt or vinous
liquors or import any such liquors ex?
cept under licenses issued by the pres?
ident and in compliance with rules
and regulations determined by him
governing the production and impor?
tation of such liquors and the alco?
holic contents thereof. Provided, fur?
ther, that nothing in this section shall
be construed to authorize licensing of
the manufacture of vinous or malt
liquors in any State, or civil subdi?
vision thereof, where the manufacture
of such malt or vinous liquors is
prohibited."
The additional section authorizing
commandeering for redistilling when?
ever necessary for food conservation
or military' needs was adopted as
framed by the senate with its exten?
sion to distilled beverages in stock as
well as in bond. The senate provision
fixing a $2 per bushel minimum price
for wheat at primary markets was
adopted, except I hat it was made ap?
plicable to the 1919 crop and not this
year's, the $2 price being made "oboo
lute and binding until May 1, litt."
Senator Pomerene's amendment au?
thorizing the president to fix cool and
coke prices, and take over mines, wns
adopted after a clause limiting such
powers to military or common defense
ON THE BATTLE FRONT.
VIOLENT ARTILLERY RATTLES
OH BELGIAN FRONT.
The Expected Operation on a Grand j
(?rand Scale Has Not Yet Materializ?
ed?Grout Aerial Activity.
Whatever development may be con- j
templated on the Belgian front the
great artillery battle there has not
been followed by any infantry move?
ment of importance. The British of?
ficial statement is colorless in sharp
contrast with recent German state?
ments that an artillery fight of un?
precedented violence was In progress.
The assumption that an operation on
a notable scale is in prospect, howev?
er, Is given weight by the British re?
port of great aerial activity in which
photographic observations on a large:
scale played large part.
The aircraft destruction was heavy
on both sides.
Yesterday the infantry activity on
the French front was confined tD
raids.
FAT. k)RE8T FIRE.
o> _
Many Peopl d med to Death In Brit
? Columbia.
Fernie, j | I) Columbia, July 30.?
Eleven met 3 known to be dead and
20 unaccoi 3 for as the result of a
forest fire ? pruce Valley, 15 miles
, northeast < a s place. The residents
of the vail 3 *d in various directions
to escape, wmch makes a check up of
the missing difficult.
GERMANS IN BUKOWINA.
Attempt Being Made to Drive Rus?
sians from Austrian Province.
Berlin. July 30.?The Germans are
advancing through the Suchawa val?
ley in the Austrian province of Buk?
owina towards the town of Seletwyn,
it is officially announced. They also
pushed forward to the east In the up
{per Moldavia valley. The statement
says the Russians are holding the
Teutons crossed the river at severa:
other points.
RIOT IN WACO, TEXAS.
Negro Soldiers Clash With Whites in
Streets.
Waco, Texas. July 30.?Regular sol?
diers and police are hunting 14 negro
members of the Twenty-fourth infant?
ry following a clash last night result
1 Ing in one negro soldier being shot
j through the head. Three whites were
hurt, j The trouble started when ne?
gro soldiers who were massed in front
of a negro picture house refusing to
allow whites to pass. The city is quiet
today.
The fourteen negro soldiers return?
ed to camp and were arrested.
j needs had been stricken out.
The conferees submitted for the
; senate's restricted licensing provision
the house plan for much broader fed?
eral license regulation of importation,
manufacture, mining, storage and dis?
tribution of government-controlled
necessaries. The more rigorous sec?
tion of the hous bill prohibiting
hoarding of necessaries, was reinsert?
ed, with penalties of $5,000 fines and
two years' imprisonment.
The house's drastic provisions
against monopoly of necessaries and
j authorizing regulation of grain ex
j changes were retained, but Senator
I Nelson's amendment regarding future
I trading on grain exchanges was
stricken out. The so-called Penrose
Walsh amendment, prohibiting storing
or holding of necessaries, except by
producers, to limit the public supply
or affect the price, was retained.
The senate's provision limiting fed?
eral requisitioning authority to neces?
saries for military or other public use
also was retained, as was its provision
limiting government purchases and
sales, in order to secure reasonable
prices, to fuel, wheat, Hour, meal,
beans and potatoes.
A new section was adopted author?
izing requisitioning for military or
public purposes of any factory, pack?
ing bouse, mine, pipe line or other
plant producing the designated neces
saries. Provision for just compensa?
tion is included.
A senate amendment appropriating
$10,000,000 for acquiring soda nitrates
for fertilizer, and their sale to farm?
ers at cost, was adopted. The senate
provision requiring employes of the
food administration to be appointed
tinder civil service rules was eliminat?
ed, but the Conferees accepted the
Pomerene amendment to regulate the
making Of contracts by advisory com?
mission members.
GAME WARDEN WRANGLE.
GIBBES SAYS HE WILL CONDUCT
OFFICE AND LET RICHARDSON
START PROCEEDINGS,
Attorney General Peeplea Gives Opin?
ion at Request of ComptroUer Gen?
eral for Advice Regarding Honoring
of Warrants.
Columbia, July 28.?That the ap?
pointment of Wade Hampton Gibbes
as chief game warden of South Car?
olina, made Friday night by Oov.
Manning, may be again carried into
the courts by the faction headed by
Alfred A. Richardson, former in?
cumbent of the office, is indicated in
an opinion given out tonight by
Thomas H. Peeples, Attorney General.
The opinion is in response to a re?
quest from Carlton W. Sawyer,
comptroller General, for advice as to
whether or not he should honor war?
rants drawn by Mr. Gibbes as chief
game warden. Mr. Peeples takes the
position that if Mr. Gibbes was duly
nominated by the Audubon Society
and commissioned by the governor he
has a clear, legal title to the office;
but that if, in fact, the Audubon So?
ciety did not make the nomination,
the appointee has no legal right to
the emoluments of the office.
Referring to statements made in a
letter to him from President E. C
L. Adams, that the meeting was not
legally constituted, the attorney gen?
eral says: "That, however, is a ques?
tion of fact and not a question of law
land this office cannot, ex parte, de?
termine a question of fact. It seems
to me that a proper place to settle (
that question is in the courts."
President Adams has also written to
the comptroller general and to the
governor, contesting the nomination
of Mr. Gibbes. Comptroller General
Sawyer could not be reached tonight
after the opinion of Mr. Peeplee was
given out. so that his position in the
light of the opinion is unknown.
Wade Hampton Gibbes, appointed
yesterday as chief game warden
the State by Gov. Manning;
throw the onus of further ef
Ideetde the validity of his appois
U*P*Are *?Wcev lesUbV
t ? - ' ? ^^^^^^^^sst^ejVsaw^ewBajBj
artlson. Mr. Rtchardsen has
that he will not recognize Mr. dtbi
as the appointee to the office, holding
that the meeting of the Audubon So?
ciety at which he was nominated was
not legally called.
In accordance with that policy Mr.
Richardson stated that he will not
turn over the property of the office to
Mr. Gibbes until directed to do so by
the courts. Mr. Gibbes' reply to that
position, which places the burden of
taking legal action on the shoulders
of Mr. Richardson, is a statement that
he will use his own office in a local
bank building and that the affairs
of the office can he successfully ad?
ministered without the desk, or other
property of which Mr. Richardson is
now custodian.
Mr. Gibbes says he will begin at
once the building up of the game pro?
tection department from the disor?
ganization which has overtaken it in
the several months during which there
has been no chief game warden.
GERMAN SPY ESCAPED.
Uninc Has Disappeared From Petro?
grad.
Petrograd, July 30.?Lenine, the
peace agitator and alleged German
spy has disappeared from his usual
Petrograd haunts. The government Is
not aware of his whereabouts and
confirmation of the various stories of
how he got away is lacking. The la?
test rumors are that he is operating
from Stockholm.
SHOT AS BURGLAR.
Anderson Man Mistakes His B?dmete
for Intruder.
Anderson, July 27.?Claude Car?
roll, aged nineteen, was shot and in?
stantly killed by his first cousin, Ho?
mer Carroll, who mistook him for a
burglar. The shooting occurred in
Anderson mill village early this morn?
ing. The boys were sleeping together
and Claude Carroll walked in his
sleep. Homer Carroll had his rifle in
the room because some one had at?
tempted to break Into the house Sun?
day night, it is alleged. Seeing some
person moving around the room Just
before daylight Homer Carroll quietly
reached for the ritle and fired at the
person.
When a lamp was lighted he dis?
covered the wounded man to be
Claude Carroll, his cousin and bed
mate. The wounded man lived only
two or three minutes.
The coroner's jury exonerated Ho?
mer Carroll, and he was released on
bond of |l#e. The young men were of
the sasag ??e. .