Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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wuy ruA-x *: wxos aid. ) >Uha*i*tlou of Man Power of tin* ('(Miiurv, (Written by J. Lotbrop Stoddard, Au? thor of "Present Day F.urope.") Tha spirit of France la magnificent, Incomparable What ia lacking la men. It ta no exaggeration to say that Franco, ia bleeding to death. The ?ragte effect* of the national hem? orrhage are becoming Increasingly patent with every pausing day. Since the beginning of the war Fiance must ht > loot over 3,000.000 men. There cannot be more than 1,500,000 French? men left who are fit to bear arms, and et these 310,000 are In munition fac? tories and other indispensable civilian pasts, while fully 1&0.000 aro at Salon lea or In the colonies. This leaves little more thi n 1.000,000 soldiers for the battle lines In northeastern France. Of coarse every year brings its fresh crop of youth, but the annual French military elasa Is leas than 300,000. and the. class of 1118 Is already with the selorsL France has done her very best She baa given her heart's blood to the eauae of liberty. She will be able to held a diminishing portion of the west si a front?but that Is all. The Internal condition of I ranee Is as might be expected, critical. The complete absence of the able-bodied men has profoundly disorganised both her Industrial snd her agricultural life. True, the women of France are show? ing a spirit fully the equal of their men's, but sll the spirit In the world will not mske up for Inferior strength and relative lack of staying power In hard manual labor. The fields of France are therefore Inefficiently till? ed* while many lines of industry are bepetsesly handicapped. In fact, French industry was dealt a body-blow at the very start of the wajr. The majority of France's coal end iron mines snd the chief Indus? trial center* lie In the east and north, and most of these therefore fell a prey to the German Invader. Hence. France has been compelled to Import most of its Iron snd coal?a herculean task, especially now that water transporta? tion si becoming such a difficult prob? lem owing to the German u-boats' frightful depletion of the snipping of til el world. Thus France struggle* heroically on. her manhood drained sway to the buttle lines; behind, a land ol old men. children and women In mourn tolilns heroically at task* beyond a. And with all thi*. siurmuv? Here and there a fger faint hearts or cosmopolitan fcVleitete may murmur hint* of a eemeremlee p**c*. but euch whisper* are drowned In the sterner cry. "Jus eu'au bout"'?To the end!" Urn Fighter* will be Provisional. Uncle Sam has written generous lenu? for his fighting men on land sea and If the regulations which he has prescribed are followed his sol? dier* and sailor* need never go hun? gry. ' He provides approximately 2S cent* a day to buy food for each one ef hi* soldier* and a like allowance is made for his sailors, says the Popu? lar Science Monthly for July. Ta? the housekeeper who has to contend with war-time price* of foodstuffs, this sum ??ems entirety Inadequate, but It must be remembered that Uncle Sam buys his supplies in ton lots and not by the pound. The fixed allowance or portion of food furnished a soldier or sailor sac' day Is called a ration. It consists of specified components or substitutive article*. There may be an over is? sue of any ration component, provid? ed there Is an under Issue or equal value of their components; but the total cost of a man's ration* at the end of a month must not exceed the average of the dully allowance* for that period. In garrison or permanent camp, a soldier * allowance of food consists of the following components and quan? tities, or specified quantities of sub? stitutes: Beef. 20 ox.; flour. 18 ox.; baking powder. H ox.; heuns, 2.4 ox.; potatoes, 21- ox.; beans. 1.88 ox.; coffee, LI 2 ox ; sugar, 3.2 ox.; evap? orated milk. 5 ox.; vinegar .16 gill; salt. 84 ox . Mack pepper, tit oz , cinnamon. .818 ox.; lard. .64 ox.; but? ter. J ox.; eyrup. .32 gill, and flavor? ing extract, .014 ox. A number of substitutive articles are provided for esrh of the ration components Far Instance. Instead of the -'0 ounces of beef, a like quantity of mutton may be supplied or 12 ounces of bacon. 16 of canned meat. 14 of dried fish or other meat Substituten Instead of the been component, 1.16 ounces of either rice or hominy may be sup? plied Prescribed quantities of titled ? apples or peaches or of ian and preserves' ma\ he eubetltuted for the prunes. The reserve rution is less varied. Ilrs'wnt Wante?l me before you sell your wax. 1 will buy It for cash at the best cur? rent price. N G OSTKUN. STILL MAY KNUST. Ums?? Vainnl In Selective Draft Are Ycf Acceptable In Regular Estab lishiueut?. Washington. July 22.?Those select? ed for service under the draft will be permitted to enlist in the regular army or National Guard at any time prior to their call for examination be? fore exemption board, probably ten days hence. Provost Marshal General Crowder announced tonight. Tiey will not. he allowed, however, to join the marine corps. The ttnu\ men actually drafted prob? ably will be detailed to tho regular army In order to bring that branch up to its full war strength of 300,000, If the 36,000 onlistments needed are not obtained before examinations be? gin. The nexi will be put into the National Guard. Exemption machinery for virtually the entire country is complete. The provost marshal general's oftice an? nounced tonight that the names of members of the appellate boards in the last of the States probably would be announced tomorrow. Those for 32 States were given out yesterday. BELIEVED TO BE HAIDER. Speedier British Vessel 1'-scapes From Supposed German. A y An Atlantic Port. July 22?The presence of a strange vessel, believed to be a German raider, duo west from the Spanish coast and two-thirds of the way across the Atlantic from Eu? rope, was reported by a British freight steam ship which escaped from the unidentified craft and arrived here to? day. Otflcers of the British vessel de? scribed the stranger as bark-rigged, with four masts and a smoke stack rising between the mlzsen masts. She was steering northwest at seven knots an hour when sighted early on July li, and bore down on the freighter. The Latter outdistanced the supposed raider after a brief chase. Third Loan Payment Due. The third payment of 20 per cent on liberty loan bonds purchased by Installments Is due on July 30. The payment must be made on or before that date according to the official statement of terms and conditions of the sola of liberty loan bonds made by Secretary McAdoo at the time sub? scriptions werf Invited. Whether the bonds were purchased from the treasury or the federal re? serve banks or through other banks or agencies, it is important that these and succeeding Installments be paid promptly. The action of many employers of labor in arranging to pay their em? ployees on July 30 instead of August 1, In order to enable them to prompt? ly make their payments on liberty loan bonds. Is nn excellent and pa? triotic example which no doubt will be followed by a large number of em? ployers. WUT LVOFF GAVE UP POST. Disagreed With Decisions of Russian Government. ?Petrograd. July 23.?Prince Lvofi resigned as premier because he was unable to agree with the decisions oi the provisional government to realize the entire program of the Socialist party, lie was opposed to an imme? diate proclamation on a republic on the ground that it would be usurpa? tion of the supreme right of the con? stituent assembly. He also entirely disapproved of tho execution of the government's land proposals, which he considered would prove ruinous to the country and an infringement of the rights of the constituent assembly Other points on which Prince Lvofl was in disagreement with the leaders concerned the dissolution of the Duma and the Council of the Empire. KHHIAMiY GOES TO FRONT. Russian Premier Mopes to Arouse Troops. London. July 22.? Premier Keren sky has again started for the front at the instance of the central committee of soldiers' and workmen's delegates, according to u Reuter dispatch from Petrograd. Dispatches from Galieia state the hreaeh in the Russian line is eight miles wide and ten miles deep. The Bourse Gazette Hays that at a meeting of delegates from rcgimcnts at the front It was resolved that it has heeome Imperative to turn ovei all authority to M. Kerensky. Premier Kerensky. as minister ol war, personally lad the Kussian offen? sive which bafjan an July i and swept ? -verything before it until some of the regiments leeamo mutinous ami re fused to nhcy orders. It evidently is the hope of the central cominittei that he Ma* again instill the lighting spirit into the soldivi*. - OBJECTS TO COMMISSION. WOll-l) SKRIOlsLY HAMPKR kxkcttivh 01 rici:its pj TU Hl IC LAIIOIIS. President Wilson Teils Coimrcss That He Doch Docs Not Want Congrcs Hlonal War Council to Watch and Advise Him and Cabinet Officers. Washington. July 28.?President Wilson asked congress today to ftlin? itiate from the food control bill a sen? ate amendment creating a joint com? mittee of senators and representatives to confer and advise with executive officials on war expenditures. In a letter to Chairman Lever of the house agricultural committee the president pointed out in frank terms that such a committee would con? stantly harass those directly respon? sible for the conduct of the war. Re? tention of the section, he notified con? gress, he would he compelled to in? terpret as signifying 'a lack of con? fidence in myself." Mr. Lever and other house leaders arc understood to be ready to make a determined light against the provis? ion, which was voted into the bill near the close of the long senate de? bate. House leaders also are planning to oppose vigorously the senate's pro? vision for a food control hoard of three members, instead of one admin? istrator, and there were many indica? tions that in this likewise they would have the president's unqualified hack? ing. Mr. Wilson worte to Representative Lever in response to a letter promising to hasten the food hill through con? ference and asking advice on the war committee provision. The president's reply follows: "I am very much obliged to you for your thoughtful courtesy in stating to mo the circumstances of the present action on the food administration hill and I am particularly obliged to you for calling my attention to Section 23. 1 deem it my duty to express my opin? ion about that section and its effect upon the whole administration of the war very* frankly indeed, since public interest manifestly demands that I should do so. "Section 23 is not only entirely for? eign ? the subject matter of the food administration hill hut would, if en? acted into law, render my task of con? ducting the war practically impossi? ble. I can not believe that those who proposed this section scrutinised it with care or analyzed the effects which its operation would necessarily have. The constant supervision of executive action which it contemplates would amount to nothing less than an assumption on the part of the legisla? tive body of tho executive work of the administration. "There is a very ominous precedent in our history which shows how such a supervision would operate. I refer to the committee on the conduct of the war constituted by the congross dur? ing the administration of Mr. IJn coln. It was the cause of constant and distressing harassment and rend? ered Mr. Lincoln's task all but impos? sible. "I am not, I heg you to believe, in any way questioning what might he ihe motives or the purpose of the 'members of such a committee. I am ready to assume that they would wish to cooperate in the most patriotic spir? it, hut cooperation of that kind is not practicable in the circumstances. The responsibility rests upon the admin? istration. There are abundant exist? ing means of investigation and of the effective enforcement of that respon? sibility. I sincerely hope that upon the reconsideration of this matter both houses of congress will see that my objections rest upon indisputable grounds and that I could only inter? pret the llnal adoption of Section 88 as arising from a lack of confidence in myself." The section was embodied In an amendment introduced by Senator <Hvon (Democrat) to take place of a similar proposal by Senator Weeks (Republican). It was adopted by the senate, || to :i 1. Briefly it would create a committee of tive senators ami live representa? tive* to ascertain just how contract* Were beim let and money being spent in the conduct of the w:ir and report tO congress when it so desired. The president ami executive depart? ments, under the provision, would be compelled to "keep said committee fully advised as to such expenditures and contracts" and the committee could compel sm h attendance of wit? nesses' in such Inquiries, as it chose lo make. iiiolp Till. hailhoads. Public Should Make No Demands I bat Will Interfere With Winning Hie War. Washington, July The Hall roads' War Hoard has addressed a plea to public service commissions and ?II State, counts and municipal au? thorities throughout the United States, urging cooperation with the railroads in a suspension during Ihe period of the war of "all efforts not designed to help directly In Winning the war." The specific suggestions which the J Railroads' War Board makes to all such authorities are embodied in a letter forwarded by Chairman Fairfax Harrison. In that letter Mr. Har? rison says: "The-*present emergency has impos? ed upon the railroads a very unusual strain In transporting men, food, coal, munitions and materials in augmented quantify. This burden, while cheer? fully undertaken, requires every ounce of energy, every unit of rolling stock, every dollar of capital, every bit of supplies and coal which the railroads can command. "It is the opinion of this commit? tee that all efforts not designed to help directly in winning the war shou?d be suspended during the period of the war. Indeed, this is obviously the thought of President Wilson in his appeal to the country on April lGth, 1917, which included the follow? ing statement: 'It is evident to every thinking man that our industries must be made more prolific and more otti cient than ever, and that they mtiat be more economically managed and better adapted to the particular re? quirements of our task than they have been.' "Therefore, this committee earnest? ly recommends that during the war the railroads be required by the pub? lic authorities to make ipmrovemenls and carry out projects involving the expenditure of money and la?>o:* only when they are absolutely esso.itial fc> var purposes or public safety. The prevailing high interest rate on "mon? ey in competition with the tax free is? sues of the government, the excessive cost of supplies and labor, the delay in obtaining material, the possible blockade of traffic and the diversion of labor all contribute to make non essential construction undesirable dur? ing the war. "The committee considers that the I ejection of new stations and elimina? tion of grade crossings are among the non-essential Improvements which should bo deferred at this time. We respectfully suggest that the basis for consideration of new projects at this time should be the increase in the capacity of the carriers for national service. Furthermore, we urge your co-operation in eliminating all pas? senger service which is merely con ? venient and not justified by publi ? necessity during the present emer? gency situation." OfOTON CATERPILLAR IN SOUTH? EAST. Most Harmful Cotton Pest Before Ad? vent of Boll Weevil Again Causing Damage in Georgia and Alabama? Insects Invade Country from South America. Washington, July 24.?Invasion cf parts of Georgia and Alabama by the cotton caterpillar, the moth of which has flown across the Gulf of Mexico from South America, has just been reported to the Bureau of Entomology Of the United States Department of Agriculture* The capterpillar is a voracious feeder, the bureau warns, and strips cotton stalks almost com? pletely of foilage if its activities are not combated. Several generations of the insect probably will be produced before frost, and can be expected to work they way north through the cot? ton belt, as well as to spread east and west. Planters in the regions likely to be infested, say the department entomol? ogists, should supply themselves with powdered arsenate of lead so that they may combat the insects on their llrst appearance. The poison is best applied from sacks of duck or dou? ble thickness of flour sacking suspend? ed from each end of a pole carried on horseback. The powder may thus be shaken on two rows of cotton plants at a time. A convenient outfit is made by using a piece of lumber 2 inches wide by 1 inch thick and about a foot longer than the distance between rows, from which to suspend the sacks Sacks ?i inches by 20 inches can be made open on one long side. The edges of this opening can he tacked to the edge and end of the board and an auger hob? bored in the latter over each sack. The powder can then be poured into the sacks through these holes and a cork Inserted If desired. The cotton caterpillar was the most serious insect pest of cotton In the Dnlted states before the coming of the boll weevil. With the excep? tion of 1911, however, there have been few outbreaks of magnitude In recent years. The moths of the cat? erpillar are strong filers as is proved by the flight over the Gulf of Mexico. In early fall moths of the late genera tlons often are found as fur north as Canada* The insects in all stages tire completely destroyed by cold weather. Something New In Novels. "I have an Idea for a novel," said Mr. Penwlggle. "What is it?" "A very large volume thickly upholstered. When yo* get sleepy after reading * few page, voo can uss It for a sofa pillow." STAUTE!) itv GERMANS. retrograd Disturbances Instigated by Kaiser's Agents, Petrograd, July 21.?The recent ?Iis turbances in Petrograd was instigated by agents of the German government, said Kernesky, in a message to the BQllora at Etevul, rlelslngfon and oth? er ports. The new premier appeals to all democrats to stand by the provis? ional government. His message reads: "It has been established without doubt that the disturbances in retro? grad were organised by agents of the German government. The disturbances now have been suppressed. "I appeal to all the true sons of democracy to rally round the provis? ional government and the democratic organisations throughout Rossis, save the country and their revolution "from the enemy without and his allies within." Mr. A. G. Warren was painfully bruised Saturday afternoon by being knocked down on Main street by an automobile driven by Philip Booth, Jr. The accident occurred at an hour when the street was very much con? gested by traffic, and Mr. Warren, who was riding a bicycle, attempted to turn across the street to get to the sidewalk, and was struck by the car. The car was moving at a slow speed and was well under control, otherwise Mr. Warren would have been more se? riously injured. He was picked up and carried into the Carolina Furni? ture store and then taken to the hos? pital. According to Mr. Warren's statement immediately after the acci? dent, it was due to the fact that he did not realize that the car was fol? lowing him so closely at the time he attempted to ride in toward the curb. New Honey. I am now extracting the new crop of honey and am selling at the old price, 35 cents per quart, on draught, or in glass jars, 4 5 cents per quart. Have a limited supply of white comb honey in sections, about one pound, that I am selling at 20 cents per section. Send to my residence, 320 West Hampton Avenue or Phone No. 2. N. G. GSTEEN. KAISER VSES DIPLOMACY. Holds Conference With tie* Parlia? mentary Leaders. Copenhagen, July 22.?Emperor William's conference with the parlia? mentary leaders Friday evening is treated by the German newspapers re? ceived here, as an earnest of his de? termination heseafter to maintain and cultivate closer relations with parlia? ment, perhaps as the beginning of a new era of common work of the peo? ple and parliament and the govern? ment and the crown, although sim? ultaneous warning is uttered against attaching much weight to the meet? ing. The proceeding took the line of conversations between the emperc * and members of the reichstag,. the emperor, as usual, prescribing the subject for conversation. The em? peror evidently aimed to impress his auditors With the great success of the submarine warfare, which, ac? cording to the Vooslche Zeitung, he described as working beyond all ex? pectations and bringing nearer Eng? land's sure destruction. The exhaustive details related by the emperor perhaps may have af? fected the representatives of the Left, who when Chancellor Michaelis, in his reichstag speech Thursday re? ferred to false prohpets who had done the Fatherland a disservice by setting a definite date for Great Britain's end, maliciously shouted in chorus, "Hellferieh," referring to jDr. Karl Helfferlch, vice chancellor. Emperor William seems to have paid less attention to the question of reform. The Tageblatt says he avoid? ed polities, while another account says Philip Bcheideraann, the So? cialist leader, tactfully refrained from pressing him concerning political con? ditions. CLOTHING HTOKJC LEAGUE. The Sumter Clothing Co. Defeats Stuojbs Bros. in the best game of the present le: gue the Sumter Clothing Co., down? ed Stubha Bros, by a score of 9 to 6. Lloyd Cothrnn and Willie Barrett were the opposing pitchers, Cothran pitching for the Sumter Clo. Co. had the edge on the other side. But in the ninth with the score r. to ;* Geo. Wrny with two strikes on him put the ball up Church street for a homer. Morl DeLormo secured three two base hits. <1. Wilder brought in two rum with n two bagger in the sixth. The whole game was very thrilling and the seore was a tie at several times. No one knew who was going to have the big end of the score uu til the last man was out. Cuinter Clu Co. . . .003 120 1L'\ 9 Btubbs Bros..001 021 H?l? Umpire McKnight. Wim* Officers Learn in ihv Training Camps. The lir.si month's infantry course consisted of the usual drill in close And Open order, manual of arms, mus? ketry training, physical drill, sema? phore and Hag signaling, and bayonet And saher drill. In addition to the hooks covering these ?objecto, the men also studied the "Manual of "Court Martial/' "Small Problems for Infantry" and "Manual of Interior Guard Duty." The care of equipment, organisation of the regiment, and other branches Of the military art were taken up in the morning and evening conferences. In the second period of training, all the phases of actual warfare in Europe will he real? istically taken up. Conditions of trench warfare will he accurately re? produced, the men taking their turns in dugouts and on firing lines, and learning all about grenade ami gas at? tacks, both offensive and defensive, barbed-wire entanglements, machine gun work, night attacks and trench raids, to the accompaniment of star shells, and all the other paraphernalia of modern warfare, with a three-day period of war manueuvers to finish up. The courses are designed to develop the men as instructors, managers and leaders. They are subjected to the same drills and individual training that they will be called on to give as officers, and must submit to the same discipline and rigid attention to detail that they will have to exact in turn from those under them. They are living the same mode of life that their future subordinates will have to live, with added instruction in the proper method of supplying, messing, admin? istering and disciplining organiza? tions, and caring for the welfare and comfort of their men. Leadership is being developed by giving every man by turns an opportunity to command various company units in field work.? From "Making Officers for our New Army," by William Menkel in the American Review of Reviews for July, 1917. South America and the War. There is additional evidence almost every day that South American coun? tries are in sympathy with the United States and the Entente Allies. And there are some indications that they will eventually show hostility toward Germany by concerted action. They see the cynical insincerity of Ger? man ys official message. Some time ago the Berlin government sent to Buenos Aires an expression of regret on account of the sinking of an Ar? gentine ship. Rut on the 6th inst. the submarines sank another. Such treatment does not tend to confirm Argentina's neutrality, and it is now expected that when our warships, so gladly received by Brazil, arrive at Buenos Aires they will be heartily welcomed and have all the privileges of nonbelllgarents. There is no room for doubt lit* to the attitude of Brazil. She has seized forty interned Ger? man ships, and probably they will be used, by agreement with our govern? ment, to release others which are re? quired for service betwen our ports ?ltd Europe. "Germany," her foreign minister says, "his declared war on all neutrals." Uruguay, In full sympathy with Brazil, has decided to open her ports to our warships, iler government seeks a war union of all the nations of this hemisphere. In its note to Brazil, expressing approval of that country's course it said: The government of Uruguay reiter? ates its very earnest desire to see the American countries, in collective and actual co-operation, adopt a joint policy which will find expression in lawful forms or in practical methods, to the end that these countries, united as they are by everlasting bonds of democracy and identical conceptions of justice and liberty, may achieve a solidarity beneficial to all. The prin? ciples and the interests involved logically demand for the efficiency of the forms and methods above referred to, and the free development of the countries?in the Bgbt of the appalling events which move the World?a close union of action, so that any act perpetrated against one of the countries in violation of the pre? cepts of international law as univer? sally recognised, shall constitute an offense against all of them, and con? sequently cause a common re? action in all. B) forming such a union as Uru? guay suggests, the South American nations can shorten the war. We hope to bear that statesmen in the southern continent are moving to se cure concerted action. The opportu? nity waits for leadership.?New York Times. Bostolliee Janitor Ilm i A. <; Spears, Jr., janitor at the postollico. was painfully injured Fri? day afternoon l>\ a fall from a st?*p ladder while washing the windows in the lobby. When he fell from the ladder he struck his back against the corner of a desk and was severel| bruised. The fall rendered bun un? conscious and he was still confined to bed Saturday afternoon.