The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, June 30, 1917, Image 5
Wednesday and Saturday
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OvTKKN PUBLISHING COMFAW
SlTMTFJC S. C.
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All communications which sub?
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for as advertisement*.
Obituaries and tributes of rospect
will be charged for.
The Sumter Watchman was found
I in 1SI0 and the Trus Southron in
11$. The Watchman and Southron
has the combined circulation and
?Juence of both of the old papers,
and Is manifestly the best advertising
medium in Bumtsr.
Oop Condition*.
gjrnopwlfl of weather and crop con?
ditions in South Carolina for the week
andinr June 26, 1*17:
The early part of the week aas too
eool for cotton, especially at night,
hut the heat of the latter part has
been favorable, except for the very
late planted crop, which needs rain;
there la some complaint of lice. Corn
ki In good condition; the early crop
Is eilklng and tassclllng. and roasting
ears are on the market; much early
planted Is being laid by. Tobacco
prospects are excellent, and curing
will be general next week. Wheat, oat
and rye harveste contlnu.? up State,
with good yields, except oats. Corn
and forage planting In stubble lands
continues. Harden and truck crops
are generally In good condition, but
copious rains would greatly improve
growth and fruitage; the cucumber
shipments have aoout ended; new to?
mato shipments have begun In coast
eountlea The fields are well culti?
vated and clear of grass, except in por?
tions of the middle coastal plain,
where Intermittent showers have oc?
curred. Peaches and early apples are
on markst, and blackberries continue
plentiful. The heit and dry weather
of the last of the week has checked
the growth of hay and pastures to a
large extent.
Selecting The Conscripts.
All selective drawings of the men
who will serve in the new conscript
assy will be done at Washington. The
war department has resllsed how un
wiee it would be to put the selection in
the hands of locsl office holders, no
nastier what lottery system might be
devised.
When the original plan outlining the
machinery for the operation of the
new draft system was made public, It
arousod In Alabama a feeling of unrest
and apprehension. It was felt here by
men who knew our particular con?
ditions, that the war department had
adopted a plan In which men deeply
Immersed In local polities would have
the right to pass upon men drawn for
ths nsw army snd say whether they
should or should not serve. Intelligent
office' holdem themselves wanted no
euch system. They held back from be?
ing subjected to severe political pres?
sure and from bearing an aftermath
of resentment. The ofllce holders, In
passing upon the drafted men, was
likely to be put In a dangerous dilem?
ma. On the one hand he might suc?
cumb to political pressure und so be
forced to hlshonor himself In dis?
charging his official duties. ?' u the
other hand he might resist that poli?
tical pressure snd have to bear a cer?
tain resentment and punishment In the
future from political Influences which
ho had antagonised.
Now. happily, there is no danger of
the draft system breaking down by
being lmm*rned In local politics. The
local boards had a hard and difficult
|tme in the registering of the men
under the law. This duty was perform?
ed by men active In public affairs and
familiar with local conditions. Thes >
men had no difficulty in registering
eligible men. Thai duty in Montgom?
ery county, at least was Intelligently
and efficiently performed. Now the
cassation of selecting the men Is left
entirety to Washington The names
Will be drawn under a lottery system.
Which Is not yet clearly denned. The
drawing will be according to number
' and not by nsme, and those conducting
Sao drawing will not even know the
sanies of the men they are assigning
to duty Hi the srmy.
After this Is dons the question of
sjaemptton will be taken up. While
mm onVlal announcement has been
ens its the exemption will In sll prob
gsrtltty be made by federal court offl
Sjflass. Ths war department made the
^*-5*k? st the beginning In threaten
'ins; to throw the drafted army into the
rous element of locul politics, but
p back before the error was ac<
consummated. ? Montgomery
mzr
r . Washington. June 2*. ? The Amert
?" *tmm federation of labor hai declined
!* .] %# fjtirtlclpot? In the International con
JJt ference of trade union* that waa call
*4 hy the racer' Stockholm confer
p'? ?r? to m*>??t In Switzerland. "It can
* lead to no food purpoee," Oontpen
nablad.
HOLLAND A PLACE OF HEFUUK.
Deserter* and Refugees from Other
Nations Pouring into the Country.
In Many Cases Bringing infectious
Disease?.
The Hague. Netherlands, June 28.?
(Correspondence)?Thousands of de?
serters mostly from the German armv
now are swelling the stream of ref?
ugees pouring into Holland from ad
Joining countries. Holland has be?
come a greut placo of refuge for fu?
gitives fleeing from the terrors of the
German front, food hardships or the
German military regime
So numerous nave these war refu?
gees become that a weekly periodical,
called "The Combat" has been cs
1 tabllshed at Amsterdam t'> carry on
a revolutionary socialist propaganda
among; them. A Society Oft Deserters
has been formed In Holland, appar?
ently by Herman agents In order to
discover the nnmes of deserters and
exert prossure on their families to in
duce them to return to Germany. Re?
turning deserters no longer are shot
but are sent to the front.
Tho country is overrun by a small
army of spies, persons of both sexes
whose work is to spy into Dutch af?
fairs, to spy upon the belligerents and
sometimos to spy upon one another.
These refugees, deserters and gov?
ernment agents, added to escaping
prisoners of war of virtually every
entente nationality, fugitive Poles and
other peoples of Eastern Europe, Hon?
ing from forced labor and other evils
have swelled the Immigration Hood
until the problem of what disposition
to make of these foreigners has be?
come acute in Holland.
There are many decent men among
the deserters, made desperate by the
sufferings and slaughter at tho front,
or rebelling against their government's
system, or policy, have shaken the
dust of their fatherland from their
feet. Quite a number are convales?
cent men who were ordered back to
the front. A great number are un?
desirable* to whom many criires arc
attributed. Soui" become smugglers
but wholesale banishment from the
frontier regions now virtually has
closed this profession to them. Po?
lice control of them is very inade?
quate.
Proud of Its traditional hospitality.
Holland opened its . ?ntlers freely to
all comers but public opinion and the
government has discovered that there
are formidable dangers inherent in
this aggregation of immigrants.
What might not happen, Hollanders
often ask themselves, if Holland sud
denly became involved in thr War
with all these vast numbers of foreign?
ers spread all over the country, gtatt)
of them of the worst or at least or
the most doubtful character?
Infectious diserse repeatedly has
been Introduced. The great exodus of
Pelgisns brought typhus and dysen?
tery; Austro-Hungarian emigrants
from Galicia, on their way to join rel?
atives in America, and suspected
smugglers from that province, brought
smallpox; escaped prlsoners-of-war
from Infected German camps and othT
era occasionally Introduced dlscisen
like spotted fever and meningitis, in
each case the disease was quickly
checked.
Now, however, smallpox has a real
hold In parts of Germany as well as
In countries farther oust, and It is
pointed out how easily this and other
scourges may be brought across '.he
frontier.
The Prlmo Minister, Cort van der
Linden, announced * few days ago
that the Increased influx, and th<
bodily condition of persons entering
tho country, had necessitated more
drastic sanitary measures. Barracks
are to be erected at five different
points of the frontier, whero all Ger?
mans entering the country, of whom
the great majority are deserters, will
be disinfected, while a camp Is to
b? erected for the accommodation it
dangerous or undesirable element
among deserters. A* regards the nnt
lonal danger, the Minister of War
Major-Qeneral N. Bosboom. endeav?
ored to reassure public opinion In par?
liament a few days ago by declarlm:
that, If Holland became Involved n
the war. It would be made evident
that tho government was far mor?
conversant with the position as re
gards foreigners, and had taken ftp
more adequate precautionary mens
ui(.*, thun most people thought.
MITMTKK 4*?TT??N M ailKKT
Corrected Dally 13y
P. 0. BOWMAN, Cotton Buyer.
Good Middling 25 1-3.
Ktrlct Middling 25 3-8.
Middling 25 1-4.
Strict Low Middling 25.
Low Mldllng 24 5-8.
NEW YORK COTTON MAHKKT.
YeTdy?
flBguj High l?ow Clone Clone
July . . 26.90 27.11 20.55 26.77 26.90
Met . . 26 6 5 26.?3 26.20 26.4 2 26.5s
Dec . . 26.90 26.97 H I 26.59 2ij.7<>
New York ipotH 27.15.
fjOMssKRCIAL PLYING.
I*if>|MM?it<>ii to Cany Pasongors and
Mail by u Lino of Airplanes.
London. June '21 (Correspondence)
A trans-Atlantic line of airplanes car?
rying passengers between New Yor.i
and London in two days, at a total
cost of about $1 a mile was predict?
ed by G. Holt Thomas in an address
which he delivered before the Aero?
nautical Society of Great Britain.
To complete the rosy forecast, pro
thetlc films were displayed showing
the departure and voyage of a trans
Atlantic airplane and also the drop?
ping of mail pouches at postal air sta?
tions beUveen London -and the North
of England.
Mr. Thomas, who has had large ex
periencc in living an?l building air?
craft, said that airplane mail services
could be established commercially.
"A special aeroph e will enable the
business man to leave London in the
morning, transact his business In Par?
is, and ho home to dinner again," he
said. "It will take him to Bagdad in
a day and a-half or New York in two
days."
The cost from London to Paris, he
added, would bo just over a dollar per
mile running one machine each way
and with four machines It would
work out at 75 cents. A profitable
charge for passengers would be $2".
A mail letter of one ounce could be
profitably carried for one cent and
three pound parcel for 75 cents. A
passenger could go from London to
Marseilles In eight hours instead of
twenty-three, at a cost of $50 or mails
could be carried for two cents an
ounce.
Constantinople could be reached In
twenty hours for $125 a passenger and
malls at five cents an ounce. Dealin g
with farther distances he pictured
Ceylon as being only two and three
quarter days from London, Tokio four
and a-half days, Sydney, five days,
Capetown, three nnd a-half davs and
Vancouver three days.
Lord Cowdray, the chairman of th*
meeting suid he believed Mr. Thomas
estimate of costs to be near the mark
and that It would not exceed a dollar
per mile. In his opinion commercial
flying was bound to come and come
quickly nnd it would not requtro gov?
ernment assistance after the I'.rst live
or six years.
Peach Tree Borer.
Clemson College, S. C, June 27.
Mound, that is pull up the earth
around the bnse of the trees to n
height of eight inches during the firs'
week in July. Level this mound about
October 25th.
What is the peach tree borer?
A whitish grub that works in th
crown of the trunk just below th
ground.
How can I tell when I have thi
borer In my trees?
Iiy the gum that collects at th
base of tho trees.
Does this borer work in tho frull
or branches?
No.
What In the worm that works In
the fruit?
The grub of a snout beetle known
as curculio.
What are tho little shot holes in
the bark?
They are made by the shot hob
bot er, a small black bettle which at?
tacks almost entirely sick or neg?
lected tret ?
What Is the parent of tho poach
tree borer?
A clean-winged moth, or miller.
Why raound during the first week
of July?
Because about July 1st, the borer.
come out of the trees make their
cocoons near the tree beneath the
surface of the soil, The parent moth
when hatched can not penetrat.
through an Inch of earth. When the
tree is mounded the moth remains :
prisoner and dies.
Are trunk washes good?
Yes, when used just before mound
ing. Tho trunks are painted with
lime sulphur wash or with the tret
trunk wash ns described in circular
25 sent on request.
Has the mounding been tried nnd
found effective?
Yes, for a period of six years, an ,
it is very effective.
IITJGK PHOITTS MADS.
Yanhise Talks of Steel nnd Men:.
Chicago, June 27.?A sensational
allegation that excess profits of the
United States Stool corporation In the
last year were $250,000,000 and thos ?
of the big meat packers "not less than
$25,000,000 in HUti," were made here
today in an address at the City dun
by Charles B. Vanhiae, president of
the University of Wisconsin and spe?
cial representative of Herbert C
Hoover, food director.
Dr. Vanhise asserted that prices
now being charged for necessaries
amount practically to extortion and if
the man living on a salary or wages
is to survive the war the government
must take control.
1SUBMARINE LOSSES POH WEEK.
Twenty-olio Large nud Seven Small
Vessels Sunk.
London, June 27.?--Twenty-one
British vessels of mote than 1,600
tons each and seven under 1,600 tons
were sunk by mines or submarines
last week, according to the weekly
statement of losses issued by the ad?
miralty this evening.
No fishing vessels met with disaster.
The admiralty statement reads:
"Arrivals 2,st?;; sailings I.92S.
"British merchant ships over 1,600
tons, including one previously, sunk
by mine or submarine 21; under 1,600
tons, including one previously, seven.
"British merchant ships unsuccess?
fully attacked, including seven pre?
viously, 22."
Tho aggregate number of vessels
flying tho I'ritish Hag destroyed b>
mines or sulnnarines last week shows
a net falling off of lour as compared
with the loss** reported the previous
week which numbered 81?27 of more
than 1,000 tons and live in the small?
er division. In the larger category ?i
decrease of six vessels is shown wdiile
among the smaller craft an Increase
of two vessels lost is indicated.
FXPECT BIUTISH ATTACK.
German Officers Forecast New offen?
sive by Haig's Army.
Copenhagen, Juno 27.?German
military writers express the opinion
that the British are preparing a new
offensive, but Field Marshal Haig's
tactics in striking now here and now
there along the British, front leave
them in uncertainty as to the section
on which the blow will fall.
Capt. von Sal/.mann writes in The
Voissische Zeitung that the feints of
the BrltSh commander in the lasl
week evidently were to cover a re?
grouping of troops and a surprise at?
tack, which probably will be made
like the Wytschaeto offensive against
a narrow front with an extraordinarily
heavy concentration of artillery and
infantry. He believes the attack may
come north of Ypres.
Lieut. Gen. von Ardene, military
critic of the Tageblatt, makes the
guess that the British will strike in
the Warneton region, at the south?
ern end of the new defensive lim
taken up by the Germans after the
Wytschaeto defeat.
All the critics agree that no seri?
ous French offensive is to be expected
nt present.
Gen. von Adenne also declares a
Russian offensive is entirely impossi?
ble at this time.
NFAV DKPOT FOR CHESTER
Chamber of Commerce Wins Flgtll
for Modern Building.
Chester, June 27.?The fight mad.
by the Chester Chamber of Commerce
for the erection of a rfiodern Seaboard
passenger station here was won today,
when the Railroad Commission dec id
ed that an adequate station must l?<
constructed at an early date. It i
thought that station will cost approxi?
mately $20,000.
CANADIANS SCOHE AGAIN.
More German Trenches Taken Before
the Doomed City of f.rnj.
Canndian Headquarters In France,
June 88,?T'nder the proteetion of a
ceneentrated artillery fire, Canailii nr?
captured the German front line
trenches before Avion, a suburb o!
Lens.
Japan's Foreign Emigration
Tokio, June 2S.?Viscount Ichiro
Motono, tho foreign minister, in ft
speech before the Japan Emigration
Association said the government is al?
ways paying keen ami close attention
to the emigration of Japanese people
to foreign countries.
"Viewed from the progress of poll
tics national economy, scientific ad
vaneoment and in other directions.
Japan, in her absolute position in the
world, cannot be called a first class
power yet," he added, "but there is
not the least doubt as to the future
progress and development of tho Jap?
anese nation. Tho character of the
emigrants has an important bearing
upon the nation and state they belong
to. Hence it is a matter of great im?
portance to promote the education of
emigrants ami to take measures to ele?
vate their character and make them
awake to tho conception that they
are the subjects of Japan and in a
way represent the Japanese nation.
Tuesday afternoon, while at work
in the new Kress building on South
Main street, Parker Brown sustained
a very painful Injury when he had
his leg broken by a f ill. Tt seems
that he was standing on a very tall
ladder, winch was rather slender,
when the bottom of the ladder slip
ped, throwing him to the floor. It was
his right leg which was broken.
MAIL POM ARMY IN I RAN? K.
Uncle Sam linking PrepnrntkMni to
Handle It.
Washington, June 27.?Elaborate
preparations have been made by the
government for handling of the great
volume of mail that will piss between
the troops of America's expeditionary
I
forces and home. Post master General
BurlOSOn announced tonight the ap?
pointment of Marcus 11, Bunn, of the
department forces here, as United
States army postal agent in Burope.
Bates on army mail to and from
Prance have been made the same as
for mail between points in this coun?
try. Postomcea will be established In
the held for the delivery and receipt
of mail, sale of stamps and Issuane
of money orders.
United States postage stamps will
alone l?o valid for the prepayment of
postage on mail for the troop*,
letters should be addressed to the di?
vision, regiment, company and organ?
ization to which the addressee belonj
but designation of the location of
unit will not be permitted.
TROl RLE FOR TOM WATSON.
His Magazine Rented Delivery in sa
vannah h.v Postmaster.
Savannah, June 28.?Delivery
The Jeffersonian, Tom Watson* w<
ly newspaper, through the Savannah
post office has been refused by Marion
Lucas, postmaster, who said he was
acting under the provisions of tho
i -pionage act. Wntson has been
tacking the conscription a< t. "The
matter has been repor . ! to the post?
master general who will make a final
decision on what will be done with
tne packages of papers held at the
Savannah office.
Banking By Mail
A pleasing feature of this bank is the
rapid growth of its out-of town business.
Every mail brings us deposits from dis?
tant customers. We give particular attention
to this class of business.
YOUR 1CC0UVT IS WITEI
The National Bank Of South Carolina
THIS IS
RED GROSS WEEK
If you have not joined, do so.
THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK
The Oldest Banking Institution in the County
National Defense
No Exemptions:
War brings every loy;>l citizen into [ac?
tive service for his country.
It may be on the battlefield ur oa the
battleship.
Ii, can just as surely be behind the plow,
at the work-bench. La the factory or in
the office.
The slogan of the day has become: "Llach
man to his place but each doing his full
share."
It is not only the patriotic duty of A.ner
Ican citizens to subscribe to the Liberty
Loan of 1917 but it presents privilege and
prufit.
An immediate response on the part of
every individual is the first step toward
an assured national victory.
The complete facilities of this Institut ion
are at your service in arranging the de?
tails of your subscription.
The National Bank
of Sumter.
Evci ythinq in ? the Building Line
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