Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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HAjrSA O Vnst agrees ai*S by United States mm March It.?One of the ^napblema lp hunt tdday when Gen. the Mwi in . ?Jerry rnoj fan Northw? net the d the new re thai meStQH? hia answer was In l\ was con in s hrft/>aW^ from John Mine* tne* 0> facto government comrnerctal nee of ths I he *onld ttfffxm his of. ?y will proceed to >n a cornmerclal he stete depart .urthsr With Car it sV more com ?41 IP ^ what is rWjfdsd as _jt>^l ft Is nht H sei he, too. ire the arrival and of fepplles shipped to points daanrtment omelals were relieved hy ths removal of the for maksjalnjng a motor supply Une> hror. aoaejt chela, as aliht cut off the troops of supplies, ralhptad problem, M^ jHUmtd by remain to be worked that m no n MBIefirt"now ire Is no reason for haste |etlon. An wee the ease II? Jbtpopn ropsjud into at of all claims arising dBlon. e agreement Id under another Object Geh. akld to desire Its P^rtee ftilte and binding urider wftn the United eUatea. whfeh show to hie peones In sunport military, news today or from the expedi and no officer hare ~6tfnlbn'asYo how tnha. . etc?? the troops at the ftront to wr ? e u at as is and the 1 ?edition are thoroughly <j*n, s^neton has not f*r any extension of pip baas d facilities. state department semmsry of ttoda* reported euiet in all sard from. momm 4 otpics pjcad. March 17.?Thomas J. ry of the Democrat who died here i ?Unsen, will r et Rsleigh, N. The body, escorted Of friends and Pence, was taken VYitson end many mem of eongrees called at the home today. The president, as well as ail the other figure* In public life WBh whom Mr. Ponce was.. thrown work, was numbered a mo rig me ami firmada. fror. Cmig o/North Carolina. Secre? tory Daniela Senators James of Ken? tucky and Hughes of New Jersey, Sec* . Dr. Cerey T. Orey Pdreenal phyal Csrmlchael were onorsry pallbearers se llr. Pence died of pneumonia after " jltlntr 0* Several weeks For some but recently waa moved to hie apart f*reaident Wilson, who held Pence In high esteem, caused thing possible to be done for in gh administration n throughout his death of Mr. Pence caused deep t the White House. President n Issued s statement paying trib bAes. ae did Secretary Deafefc Secretary Tumulty. 0" ? *? ?? f Annette Food Plants Jhe collections of aquatic food plants assured Jn e recent'expedition to China are of special intereet. These inc4vOe water eheetnuts, water nuts, and a number of aquatic bulbs, an well as the water bamboo. The Chi? neejh, the department's explorer fognd, have mastered through cen? turies of sxperiments the process of using swamp lands for tho raising ol food crops, and their success Is ho? llered to point to commercial possl bMpUee for some of our swamp regions where reclamation by drainage Is not practicable. The kauba, sometimes catted wfM rice or water bamboo, no** to be made the subject of exper? iment, Is e vegetable In tests some weft between gram and aemragus swollen stalks of ths plant are much like pur aeparagis. The nary bamboo, fqntrary to ho. pre opinion. Is not an |m?*t-| end for suecedeTot etiltfv?nV v gag Isjsejsj end wsU-dfaiadd noil .. 7H-' i \ * On Shore at Folly Inlwad ^hirty Hve Yearn Since the Famous Chal? ky Whale ^aa Cf^urjft Newa an? Courler. Charleatonlans have manifested an acute interest in the report by the keeper of the Charleston light on Idorris Island yesterday that ten whales, from fifteen to thirty feet long, were ashore on the nqrta end I of Folly Inland. Scores yeaterday af? ternoon debated the practicality of making a trip to the spot today to see the unusual spectacle. The headquarters of the lighthouse district here was notified yesterday by a measen^cr from Mr. a U. Brtng lowe, keeper of the Morris Island light, of the discovery by him of the denUens of the dees. Mr. Brlnglowo I sent a massage to Mr. Sandiford Bee. I on Jnmee island, who felg^d it to Inspector Beck. According to a stater.Wt by *Mr. Bee the whales, and thn-e seems to I be little doubt that they are' of the Whale species, had been upon the beach tor some time, Judging from their condition when discovered, it aa* estimated that they had been there a week. No plausible theory has been ad? vanced to explain the presence of a large school of whales in these wa? ters nor, granting its presence, has there' been offered any erplaantion of the cause of all of tile aitlmals being [etat upon land at onp Umjija^the same place. Whales have been, seen In these wa? ters from Urne to time. The famous -Charleston whale." the skeleton of which is m?unted at the museum, was captured hi this harbor about tbirty-avQ years ago, attar an excit? ing struggle. About eight years ago a school af whales was sten by pas? sengers on the Clyde lauer Iroquols, from New York, alter the steamer had passed Cape Hatterss. As re? cently as four years ago ?. whale was least ashore on Cole's Island. It was suggested yesterday that the carcasses cast up on Folly Island I wave of the species known to sailors Si "black fish," which are of the hale family, but which differ from ie baleen, or whale-bone whale. Re aorta of the presence 9! bhvek fish In waters near Charleston have hot been very care, but as far as could be learned yesterday they have never been seen In as great a number as ten In one school. The four' whales seen ^BbTSSSB^ q*Uf i^oqvo1? wwr*of ?^Frof. Faul M. Hea, dlr*?3tor of the Charleston museum, said last night t waa Impossible to make any statement as to the species on 'and. based on 'the meagre data that waa at hand. If they are as long aa thirty feet, aa reported, Snihe specimens was exaggerated, not grow longer than __rf6 tan feet, ordinarily, ac? cording to Dr. Raa, while the black firih Is known to reach lengths of from eighteen to twenty feet. But. if the Folly Island specimens are as long aa thirty feet. It Is likely that they are pf the whal*-boi\t whale variety. The "Charleston whale** was forty two feat long In the flesh. It enter? ed this harbor around the year 1880, before the Jetties were built. The channel at the entrance waa small, and oac* inalde. the big mammal could not find its way out to the sea. Members of the crews of vessels in the' harbor attacked the whale, and it waa finally killed. There Was a Wld> U>tere^Jn *he affair at the time it happened. Men 9t the water front having it recalled by the report from folly'Island, talked over the details yeaterday. apparently taking much pleasure in their recollections. Mr. Sandiford Bee said yesterday afternoon that he expected, to operate a boat from James Island to Folly Island today, taking passengers who desired to see the ten whales, at 60 cants the trip. He said that motorists could reach his place from the city by a forty-five-minute run. Folly Island Is said to be inhabited only by one person, a man who lives at the southern end of the island. As the island is seven miles long and the whales were cast up on the northern beach, it Is apparent why they wero not discovered until yesterday. Mr. Brfngelowe made a trip to Folly Is? land, which fs south and to the rear of Morris Island, on other business and discovered the whales by acci? dent. SAVED FROM DROWNING. Young Woman Jumps into Pond, Hut is Polled Out. York, March 27.?Miss Janie Rob? inson, aged about twenty, a pretty young woman, who lives in the Can? non Mill village on the outskirts of York, attempted to take her own life ubout 7:30 yesterday morning by drowning herself in the pond at the mill. She was rescued from the wa? ters before sho had been in ths pond more than a minute or two by sever? al persons who chanced to be n*iar the spot. Persons who were passing noticed the young lady sitting on the bank of the pond with her little nephew. She had her hair down and her shoes off. A short while afterward they heard the little boy scream and then Saw the young woman In the mill pond. | Mr. P. M. Thrift and others hasten - led to the water and succeeded in pulling her out. She was a little hit Wrangled but further than thut ap? peared to he none the worse for her experience. She would aive her rescue? no reason tor attempting to end her lire, ' id members of her family arc un? able to say why she attempted it. Don't Walt. Start the garden and keep It golm: the year round. It m^uns more profit than any crop you grow. It Wctor^llls. DorTt wait. Make tfurdnn. Twenty-five by Seventy Foot Plot Will Produce Enough Vegetables for a Small Family. |Jven the smallest back yard may be made to yield a supply of fresh vegetables for the family table at but slight expense if two or three crops are successively grown to keep the area occupied all the time, according to the garden specialists of the de? partment. People who would dis? charge a clerk if he did not work the year round will often cultivate a gar? den at no little trouble and expense and then allow the bo? to He idle from the time the first crop matures until the end of the season. Where a two or three crop system is used in con? nection with vegetables adapted to small aret'i, a space no larger than 25 by 70 feet will produce enough fresh vegetables for a small family. Corn, melons, cucumbers, and pota? toes and other crops which require a large area should not be grown In a I garden of this size. Half an acre properly cultivated with a careful crop rotation may easily produce $100 worth of various garden crops in a lyear. I If the garden was not broken in the (fall, it should be plowed in tho spring as soon as the frost is out of the I ground. Small areas may be worked I with a spade, pushing the blade in to its full depth and turning the soil to break up the clods. Heavy soils should [never be worked when wet. Ovor I zealous gardeners, ready to seize the first warm spell as a . favorable op I portunlty to go out and work the I heavy clay soil before it is dry, are not only wasting their energy but are [doing a damage to the soil from (which 11^ will take years for it to re coyer. To determine when heavy soils are ready for plowing, a handful of earth ahould be collected from the surface and the fingers tightly closed I oh it. it the ball of compacted earth Iis dry enough for cultivation, it will fall apart when the hand is opened. A garden spot near the house hi Ot? iten more desirable than a plot which is in better tilth hut located at an in? convenient distance. A garden which Is near the house will receive many a spare hour of care from adults and children which would otherwise be. ] wasted. Where there Is ample room [for the selection of a garden site, the slope of the land should be carefully considered. A gentle slope toward the South Is most desirable for growing early crops, while it is a decided ad? vantage to have the plot protected on - the north and northwest by either a hill, a group of buildings, or a board fence. Drainage of the garden Is of great importance. The land should have sufficient fall to drain surplus water during heavy rains and yet not be so steep that the soil will be washed or gullied. The surface should be nearly level so the water will not stand In hollows. Where the natural slope of the land does not provide sufficient natural drainage; ditches may be dug or a tile drain put in. This'will pre? vent waste water from the adjoining land from washing over it. Such wa? ter may carry weed and grass seed into the garden, which are later cull? ed out with difficulty, v The soli in the average back yard Is not only lacking in plant food but also has been packed until it is hard and unyielding. ? To loosen up such soil and make it suitable for garden produce requires tbat careful atten? tion be given to its preparation. After spading the inclosuro thoroughly, the upper 3 inches 'should be made fine with the use of hoo and rake. Stones and rubbish should be removed and clods of dirt broken. The surface should be made even and as level as possible. It may then be marked off for planting in conformity with the general plan of the garden. Barnyard or stable manure is tho best fertilizer because it furnishes both plant food and humus. An application at the rate of from 20 to 30 tons to the acre of well-rotted manure is very satisfactory. This should be ap? plied after plowing or working with a spade and distributed evenly over the surface and later worked in with a hoe and rake. On many soils it is advisable to apply commercial fer? tilizers, especially phosphate, in ad? dition to the manure. An application of 300 to 600 pounds of acid phos? phate to the acre is usually sufficient. If additional potash is neoded, which Is often the case with sandy soils, this may bo economically supplied in the form of wood ashes! If wood ashes arc unleached they should be distributed over the garden, using 1,000 pounds to the acre. If they havo been wet, or leached, 2,000 pounds should be (used. An application of 100 pounds I to the acre of nitrate of soda may be used in the spring to start the plants before tho nitrogen in the manure has i become available. It should be borne In mind that commercial fertilizers will not yield good results unless the soil is well supplied with humus. Sod or other vegetation which has overgrown a garden spot may be used to advantage. It should he turned under with a plow or a spade and { will aid in Ulhtonlna tilg aoll ami pro? viding humus. I Our educational system for whites as shown by the school directory consists of: 19 Literary colleges. 3 Theological institutions. 2 Literary institutions with nor? mal departments. 1 Normal school. 1 Medical college, 1 Normal and industrial college. I Agricultural and mechanical col? lege. 173 State aided high schools. 925 Rural graded schools. 279 "Miscellaneous" public schools and ^769 small country schools. Making a total of 28 colleges and 254G public schools, all of which, with the exception of 2, are training nearly 200*000 white children annual- j ly In the direction of literary or pro? fessional pursuits other than indus? trial. Yet 2 per cent, of our white population or C per cent, of our white children would furnish more pro? fessional men and women than South Carolina probably needs. We are training1 industrially about 1 per cent, of our white children. We are of necessity largely an agricultural state, with large Indus? trial interests otherwise. Practically all mercantile and industrial pros? perity is based upon agricultural j prosperity. Yet we are leading 90 per cent, of our children towards pro? fessional and mercantile liveli? hoods. . Clemson and Winthrop colleges would be forced to more than dou? ble their capacity to accommodate 2 pejr cent, of our white children. The.re.fore, they can't ever be ex? pected to more than supply the ever increasing demand for teachers and specialists. ' Tile Farm and Home Extension work with their county agents can't hope to reach more than 10 per cent, of those Who need and should have such industrial training. They can work only among adults and a very small per cent of children. To do more, would require a standing army of agents, and would cost mil? lions of money. The great masses, therefore, are "consumed for want of .knowledge"-?knowledge that can be ?.put into action?productive ac? tion* Such knowledge alone is power. They should have a produc? tive,' knowledge of the great common things about them?the resources lying at their doors and under their feet/ Yet we are mentally waking up Nearly 2Q0,000 white children an? nually to the possibilities of mental action without a knowledge of how to use such mental powers for such future citizens' preservation, to say the least of their prosperity. Even the negro who constitutes 56 per cent of our population, must also be edu? cated industrially If we are' to hopo for efficiency in the future. Agriculture is a science which will probably not be perfected this side the millennium, but enough is known to double our present yields and to at least halve our present fertilizer expenses within the next five years time if practiced. Only a little is necessary to be known and practiced to bring about such results, and that little can be taught in one year from the sixth to the seventh grades of our public schools by the use of "Agriculture for School and Farm," a book of 129 pages, printed and sold at 10c per copy by the R. Ii, Bryan Printing Co., of Columbia, S. C. 1. This book will give the neces? sary agricultural science. 2. A small school plat on which a miniature farm may be run, will t each the art. 3. Cooperative selling of tho pro? ducts such as eggs, butter and other farm products through an agricultural teacher, will teach the business of agriculture and lead the future pop? ulation to cooperation which Is a watchword of our future. It Is being done In fourteen ck. n solidated rural schools of Darlington county by the employment of only three expert agricultural teachers (see free Clemson college bulletin, "A Rural School Experiment") who teach agriculture in tho class room, on the school plot, and In the mar? keting of community farm products through the school, as a cooperative center, at higher prices than can be otherwise obtained. These agricul? tural experts teach agriculture, daily going from school to school during school hours, and In the afternoons, on Saturdays and during the sum? mer months, keeping in dose touch with the school children and their parents' farm operations, advising, directing and helping In every way possible to build up the agriculture of the communities in which tho several schools are v located. This work has passed the experimenta! stage, and Is an ideal, economical, practical means of reaching all the people?the great masses, a latg?* per cent, of whom cannot or will not ever enter a high school or college. Thq general assembly recently made an appropriation in further? ance of this plan. The Sta?e department of educa tipp and Clemson college are co-1 operating to this end, and instead of 10 per cent., we can thus reach tho other 90 per cent., render it possible for them to become efficient, produc? tive, patriotic, prosperous and happy home owners who will create wealth of the great agricultural resources now lying idle and despised largely by the very class who look upon their environments as their prison walls. Instead of a deficit of 35 to 40 millions annually In agricultural pursuits of the State, we shall have eventually at least 150 millions c'.ear profit to our annual credit. Our business interests which are now conducted largely on a competitive exploiting basis will revive as a nat? ural result, our lands will be drain jed, our roads perfected and our ed 'ucational and other institutions fully supported. See your county superintendent of education, and arrange to get $750 free for starting such an agri? cultural system in your consolidated schools, from a recent appropriation made by the general assembly for this purpose. Wilmington Saw it First. Wilmington saw it first?the advan? tage of a packing house. The Star ex? ploited it and the Moultrie (Ga.) Chamber of Commerce sent here for copies of The Star exploiting the sub? ject. Thereupon Moultrie got busy and established a packing house that I has scored a success. The Star is glad that its influence extends into other States. Meanwhile The Star has kept on urging first an abbatoir and later a packing, house for Wilmington. We got the' abattoir and sooner or later we are going to have a packing house ?just as sure as fate. But when? We ought to have it right away, for if we don't the Eastern North Car? olina livestock industry will find a market elsewhere. Just at present it is depending on Richmond, Va. . The Columbia Record is urging the establishment of a packing house at the capital of the Palmetto "State. Why Columbia? Meanwhile, the Florence Times is urging the claims of. Florence for a packing house. Clemson College, a progressive. State institution, is urging the establish? ment of at least two packing houses, one for,.the upper and one for the lower,.aart of the State. Orangeburg has taken the initiative in the lower part of the State, but the Florence Times thus puts in its oar for Flor? ence: "The announcement comes from Orangeburg that a meeting is to he held In that city on March 16th, for the purpose of establishing a packing house at the cost of not less than $40, 000. This meeting is to be attended by Mr. W. W. Long, the State agent of the Federal Department of Agri? culture in charge of the work of farm demonstration which is centered at Clemson College. It Is stated that a plan has been formulated by the Fed? eral Bureau of Animal Industry, co? ordinate with the Farm Demonstra? tion work, tor the establishment df two packing plants in the State, one in the up-country and one in the low? er part of the State. Orangeburg is Vlght after this plant. We believe that Florence is the place In this sec? tion of South Carolina for the estab? lishment of such a plant. The ques? tion of establishing such a plant has been agitated by local capitalists In tho city of Wilmington, N. C, and it will be remembered that the progres? sive people of the town of Moultrie, Ga., broke the ice in this variety of enterprise In the South several years ago and have made a splendid success of their venture." Those Orangeburg folks are on the move. They held a meeting on Thurs? day and that means business, but Florence has something to think about if Orangeburg falls down on herself. The Columbia Record urges Columbia capitalists to establish a packing house, but if either Orangeburg or Florence takes the initiative, what is the use for Columbia to worry? Whether a packing house is located at Columbia, Orangeburg or Florence, it will provide a sufficient market for all the livestock of lower South Caro? lina?perhaps for the whole State. Indeed, if Wilmington does not have a packing house, one anywhere in South Carolina could draw on North Caro? lina for livestock. The South Atlantic is going to have a packing house somewhere, for it needs It. If it Isn't to be at Wilming? ton, it is going to be at Columbia, Orangeburg or Florence. If it isn't to be at Wilmington, it is going to be at Columbia, Orangeburg or Florence. We hope it will be at Wilmington, un? less we do too much watchful waiting while other cities are active on this question. Those South Carolina towns might wait on Wilmington a while. A big packing house here would furnish South Carolina a fine market for her livestock products. Wilmington saw it first, anyhow.?Wilmington Star. Washington, March 30.?Secretary of War Baker today authorized the signal corps to purchaso in the open market i&t new aeroplanes at t^n thouaunu dollars each. THE INSURANCE PROBLEM. Tlic People of South Carolina Are Able to Protect Themselves anil Can Do so if They Will Organize. Editor Dally Item: I have just read a long editorial of ' ?he News and Courier on the insur? ance situation. It quotes a bank in Charleston as saying that merchants can not get credit unless the State lets the Insurance people come back on their own terms. If I am not mis? taken this is the same bank that re? fused to loan $50 per bale on staple cotton about 1908 and the shipper had his cotton reshipped to Sumter. This and other transactions like it lost to the State the distinguished ser? vice of Mr. Rhett In the United States senate. The News and Courier need not worry about merchants buying goods, unless it is worrying for the sake of the wholesaler or jobber. The retail merchants can and will, and do buy more goods than Is best for the county to be sold on credit, and I for j < one welcome any kind of a buga j boo that will be a kind of restraint of I this kind of trade. I have made the assertion over and over again that for every dollar paid to policy holders of South Caro? lina for fire and death losses since 1865, one hundred dollars left the State. No insurance advocate has ever produced the figures to disprove this assertion. If It is not so, where did the money come from for the in? surance companies to accumulate their vast surplusses? to pay their pricely salaries and build their im? mense office structures? The best thing Gov. Manning has said since he became governor was that he will not call an extra session of the legislature. Outside of Char? leston, and perhaps one or two other counties dominated by their county towns, the' candidates who advocate begging the insurance companies to come back to South Carolina will be so badly beaten that they will not know what hit them. ? Let all the counties do what has been cone In several counties, and what we are doing in Sumter county? organize Farmers' Protective Insur? ance Associations. The News and Cou? rier says such associations cannot pro? tect the people. 1 say they can give the peoplu all the legitimate protection they need. Any other assertion is to proclaim that the people expect to get something for nothing. Tou know and I know and everybody knows that will give any thought to the subject, that Insurance companies do business for profit, and not to help the people whom they insure. The people in the towns and cities can in like manner secure all the pro tectlon they ought to have. They cer? tainly can do so, if they will rein? sure one another's risks so as to more widely distribute the losses, but when that la done they widen the risk. Tou know and we all know that if all in? surance was mutual, there would be more care and less Are loss. Neigh? bors would refuse to value too high? -they would refuse to insure the care? less and the criminally inclined. For several years I have been in touch with Commissioner McMaster and I believe he has saved to our peo? ple millions of money. I believe that the best work Warehouse Commis? sioner McLaurin has done has been in reducing the insurance rate on cot? ton. If his efforts brought on this fight; and if the insurance compa? nies have a fight on Commissioner McMaster, then I say we will support them to the bitter end. For several years I tried to get the Farmers' Union to organize mutual fire insurance. We were always too busy financing cotton. It took a war in Europe to bring about a sane warehouse system. It takes an insur? ance war to make our people see how they can insure themselves. I have told our people time and again that in the big reserves on our Insurance car? ried in New York we were furnishing the money for the gamblers to break cottor prices and that if we had that money here we would not have to ask any help from the outside to finance our cotton when we wanted to hold for a living price. I do not care who gets the glory of. organizing our people, just so they organize. Every withdrawal and the calling of every loan but puts our peqple on a sounder financial basis. We have been exploited long enough by foreign money, and the easy living of our own people who sold it to us. I can not for the life of me see why insurance like any other public ser? vice corporation should not be regu? lated by law. People who object to regulation by law forget how these public service corporations with their compact organization prey upon the unorganized people until the people rise in self defence, and try to regu? late tliem. Then the cry from cap? ital and its 'beneficiaries is that the people would drive out capital, when the people are only protecting them? selves from the inordinate greed of capital. If there is too much legis? lative regulation the corporations, and not tho people are responsible. I want to commend The Item, The State, and several other papers for the sensible stand they have taken that the peo? ple can protect themselves Will they ,d<> so. Last Saturday's meeting looks like they will. E. W. Dabbs. Health News Notes. Do you fcnn*y that four per cent of the ...habitants of certain sections of 'the South have malaria? The United States Public Health Service has trapped 615,744 ro? dents in New Orleans In the past 18 months? The careless sneezer Is the great grip spreader? Open air is the best spring tonic? Typhoid fever is a disease peculiar to man? t Measles kills over 11,000 American children annually? There has not been a single case of yellow fever in the United States since 1905? Washington, March 30.?Tho ad? ministration is awaiting reports from Ambassador Gerard on the subma? rine question. President Wilson is Prepared to take drastic action as soon as the reports are reeclved.