Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ENCOURAGE CATTLE RAISING. CITY NATIONAL BANK TO PVR. CHASE TWO HEREFORD DULLS FOR CSE IN I OOt'NTY. Pias, la Richly Endorsed by W. W Long of CtentMin College, Who Will Rend Experts to We*t to Make Pur? chase of \ninuiU? letter to Cham? ber off f iramrrt n States Position of mm. The City National Bank of Sumter In order to encourage the growing of beef cattle In thla county has decided to purchase two full blood Hereford bull? and place them In different sec? tions of the county, to be moved from place to placa so that they will be easily reached by farmers. Tha announcement by the City Na? tional Bank Is In keeping with sug? gestions sent out from the department ef agriculture and Clemson College to encourage the raising of live etock and to elavate the cattle standard in Iba county. The endorsement of Dr. Long, head of this department for this State, la conveyed in a latter to Mr. Oao. L. Kicker, cashier of the bank. Th? letter follows: Farmers' Cooperative Demonstration Work In st. C. July 12, 1915. Mr O. L. Bicker. Sumter. H. C. Dear Mr. Bicker: I am In receipt of your letter and note what you have to say in refer ewss to buying two Hereford bulls. I waat to congratulate you upon thla progressiva step that you are taking. You have no Idea of the Interest it will arouse among your people. Your action will have tha effect of forcing other Institution!? Into doing likewise. If wa can get the banks In South Carolina to buy two bulls each the ag? riculture of this State In the next ten years would be greatly change'!. I bare Just received a letter from a prominent oil mill man telling use that ba thought the oil mills of the Htata would buy thirty bulls. Our experts will leave for the went eome time In September to bring In two or three carlouls. I am afra.d far them to leave at an earlier date <m account of the great heat. Respectfully, W. W. Long. State Agent and Director bf Ext. Mr. Long writes further In a circu? lar letter to all of the Chambers of Commerce In the State advising them U> do atll In their power to encourage the farmers In the growing of live stock and the purchasing of com? munity bulla for thla purpose. He kayo: if. S. Department of Agriculture. In Cooperation with Clemson College. I Clemson College. July 13, 1916. To? the Chambera of Commerce of South Carolina: About the first of September, this office proposes to ausist the farmers of South Carolina In bringing In a cooperative ahipment of registered beef battle. It la our desire to have not only the interest of individuals in this proposition but the cooperation of your bodies aa well. The banks have already started active coopera? tion In tha 'natter of encouruging their communltlea in Improving cat? tle, the National Union Bank of Rock H.?l having brought in lu registered bulla for the uae of Its patrons, and the City National Bank of Sumter planning to bring In some In the near future. We would like to see the commer? cial bodies of the State interest the business men of their respective towns in procuring at least two community bolls to be placed with responsible farmers In the vicinity. The care of these bulls would he Supervised by the Livestock Depart? ment KI pert* of this office, who would direct the farmer how to feed and care for the animal to bent advantage, Und who would also make every ef? fort to stimulate Interest In Improv? ing the stock of the community. If this suggestion meets with the approval of the business men of your city, please communicate with us for further details of the plan Respectfully, W. W. Dong. Stats Agent and Director Ol Ext NOTE PLEASES MANNING. Governor In Statement to New York Ttamea Praises Hoply to Ocrmaay. lumbla. July 21.?He plying to a request for a statement, Gov. Man? ning late last night sent the follow Ing telegram to the New Yor k Times. "Your telegram. The president's refusal to surrender any of our rights at sea Is eminently correct. His state? ment that 'repetition l.v <;?iinm\ | naval commanders of acts in contra ventlon of our rights must be regard? ed when they affect American t it. sens as deliberately unfrnndh,' Is strong diplomatic language, but It is Justified and \m an exact and proper statement of our government's atti? tude. The president's reply will meet Uhe approval of our people." PUN H?GE COTTON POOL XKW ARRANGE MI NT PROPOSED nv HHTHH. 1 nluil St?low Cun Not Ahl Without Surrender of Position on Com? merce. Washington, July 22.?Formation of a great cotton pool to handle ex? ports to Europe under an agreement with the British government has been proposed informally to the State de? partment as a means of equitably dis? tributing among producers such cot? ton trade as Great Britain and her allies permit Americans to carry on with neutral countries without inter- j terence on the high seas. Any arrangements of this kind would have to bo made directly be? tween the British government and the cotton interests without participation or approval by the state department. officials point out that to accede to any restrictions on trade between neu? tral countries In non-contraband would mean abandonment of the principle of freedom of the seas laid down in various notes to Great Brit? ain, which is to be stated with greater Insistence in another communication now In preparation. it has been suggested that pending differences .between the two countries, American officials might aid the cot? ton shippers and exporters informal? ly in any effort they might make to facilitate their trade. It was an? nounced recently that Great Britain would be willing to enter Into an agreement not to lntorfere with cot? ton cargoes for neutral countries, pro? vided no more were shipped to each country than the normal amornt con? sumed there. The British embassy has been ac? tive in negotiating for an arrangement to relieve the cotton trade and em? bassy officials express confidence that some practicable scheme will be work? ed out. TOBACCO ON MARKET. Good Prlco Offered at Tlmmonsvllle Opening. Tlmmonsvllle, July 22.?Notwith? standing that many of the big tobacco concerns that will be on the market soon were not here today tobacco brought a good price. The warehouse men here have not advised any farmers to sell until th s larger companies are represented on the market. Although the season in this sec? tion Is about two weeks late there was ab ?ut 160,000 pounds sold today. The American Tobacco company, Imperial Liggett & Myers Export company and many more independent buyers will arrive in a few days and It is gener? ally believed that pricos will be much better than expected. I>IES AT OWN HAND. Isaac MeEadden Commits Suicide at Hock Hill. Hock Hill. July 23.?Isaac J. Mc Fadden, a well known citizen of this city, committed suicide this morning at about 6 o'clock, In an outhouse on his premises on Marion street, by shooting himself through the right temple with a bullet from a .32 calibre pistol. He placed some old sacks on the floor and lay down with his head on them and fired the shot which ended his life. Mrs. McFadden hear? ing the shot made an investigation and was the first to reach the body ??f her husband, who had died ln 9\ intly. according to the testimony of physicians who made an investiga? tion. The verdict of the coroner's jury was that the deceased came to his ?1? ith by a shot Ilred by his own hand. Woisk ON ASYLUM ltl'ILDIXGS. Improvements at State Hospital to Coat $130,000. Columbia, July 24.?Work on Im? provements which will cost $100,0U0 has begun at the State Hospital lor the Insane, according to C. Fred Wil? li? ms. |i D., superintendent. The white male patients on six wards were removed yesterday to other parts of the institution. The work oi remodeling these wards is \o begin Monday morning. The plan Of Improvement this year also ca'.ls for tho construction of a central kitchen and dining room for the white female patients. The excavation for khll building has been completed and the plans have been adopted by the ? t.ts. The funds for remodeling the va? rious building! at the asylum are !>: ?? \ ided b\- a special tax levy of o.ie mill passed at the last session of the general assembly. I>r. Williams said yesterday that bo had appointed the Uev. J. M Pike ni chaplain for the Institution ni a salary of ||| pi r month. The Itev. Mr. PU? Is a former editor of The Way of I'.nth and former pastor ot the Oliver Oospel Mission. The appointment ot a ehlef physician at the asylum ft III be announced in a few days by I'r William* Final Note Conveys Strong Warning to the Germans Freedom of the Seas Demanded for Neutrals By United States in Message Which Puts End to Discussion. Note Expresses Dissatisfaction at Tenor or Gemany's Note of July 8th, and States That Any Further Violation of Neu? tral Rights Will Be Considered as "Stridtly Unfriendly Adt"?Says That War Can Be Conducted in Manner to .Observe Rights of Neutrals. I Washington, July 23.?Following is the official text of the latest Ameri? can note to Germany regarding sub? marine warfare, which was delivered to the foreign office at Berlin today by Ambassador Gerard: The Secretary of State to Ambassa? dor Gerard: (Telegram) Department of State, Washington, July II, 1915. You are instructed to deliver text ually the following note to the minis? ter (Of foreign affairs: The note of the imperial German government dated the 8th of July, 1915, has received the careful con? sideration of the government of the United States and it regrets to be obliged to say that i\ has found it very unsatisfactory, because it falls to meet the real differences be? tween the two governments and indi? cates no way In which the accepted principles of law and humanity may be applied in the grave matter in con? troversy but proposes, on the con? trary, arrangements for a partial suspension of those principles which virtually set them aside. The government of the United States notes with satisfaction that the imperial German government recog? nizes without reservation the validity of the principles*which this govern? ment had addressed to the imperial German government with regard to its announcement of a war zone and the use of submarines against merchant? men on the high seas?the principle that the high seas are free, that the character and cargo of a merchant? man must first be ascertained before sho can lawfully be seized or de? stroyed, and that the lives of non combatants may in no case be put in Jeopardy unless the vessel resists* or seeks to escape after being sum? moned to submit to examination; for a belligerent act of retaliation is per se an act beyond the law, and the defense of an act as retaliatory is an admission that it is illegal. The government of the United States, is however, keenly disappointed to find that the Imperial German gov? ernment regards itself as in large de? gree exempt from the obligation to observe these principles, even where neutral vessels are concerned, by what it believes the policy and practice of the government of Great Britain to be in the present war with regard to neutral commerce. The imperial Ger? man government will readily under? stand that the government of the United States can not discuss tho pol? icy of the government of Great Brit? ain with regard to neutral trade ex? cept with tho government itself, and that it must regard tho conduct of other belligerent governments as Ir? relevant to any discussion with the imperial German government of what this government regards as grave and unjustifiable violations of the rights of American citizens by German naval commanders. Illegal and Inhuman acts, however Justifiable they may be thought to be against an enemy who is believed to have acted In contra? vention of law and humanity, are manifestly indefensible when they de? prive neutrals of their acknowledged rights, particularly when they violato tho right to lifo itself. If a belligerent can not retaliate against an enemy without injuring the lives of neutrals, as well as their property, humanity and Justice and a due regard for the dignity of neutral powers should dic? tate that the practice be discontinued. "If persisted in it would in such cir? cumstances constitute an unpardon? able offen so against the sovereignty of the neutral nation affected. The gov? ernment of the United States is not unmindful of the extraordinary con? ditions created by this war or of the radical alterations of circumstances and method of attack produced by the use of Instrumentalities of naval war? fare which the nations of the world can not have had in view when the existing rules of international law were formulated, and is ready to make every reasonable allowance for these novel and unexpected aspects of war at sea; but it can not consent to abate any essential or fundamental right of Its people because of a mere altera? tion of circumstances. The rights of. neutrals in time of war are baaed up? on principles, not upon expediency, und the principles are Immutable, it Is the duty and obligation of heiliger ents to find a way to adopt the new* circumstances to them. The events of the past two months have clearly indicated that it is pos? sible and practicable to conduct such submarine operations as have char? acterized the activity of the imperial German navy within the socalled war zone in substantial accord with the i accepted practices of regulated war? fare. The whole world has looked with Interest and increasing satisfac? tion at the demonstration of that possibility by German naval comman? ders. It is manifestly possible, there? fore, to lift the whole practice of submarine attack above the criticism which It has aroused and remove the chief cause of offense. Jn view of the admission of Illegal? ity made by the Imperial German gov? ernment when it pleaded the right of retaliation in defense of its acts and in view of the manifest possibility of conforming to the established rules of naval warfare the government of the United States can not believe that the imperial German government will longer refrain from disavowing the wanton act of its naval commander in sinking the Lusitanla or from offering reparation for the American lives lost, so far as reparation can be made for a needless destruction of human life by an illegal act. The government of the United States, while not indifferent to the friendly spirit in which it is made, can not accept the suggestion of th imperial German government that certain vessels be ' designated and agreed upon which shall be free on the seas now illegally proscribed. The very agreement, would, by Impli? cation, subject other vessels to illegal attack, and would be a curtailment and therefore an abandonment of the principles for which this govern? ment contends and which in times of calmer counsels every nation would concede as of course. The government of the United States and the imperial German gov? ernment are contending for the same great object, have long stood together in urging the very principles upon which the government of tho T ;ited States now so solemnly insists. They are both contending for the freedom of the seas. The government of the United States will continue to contend for that freedom, from whatever tpuarter violated, without compromise and at any cost. It invites the practical co? operation of the Imperial German government at this time when coop? eration may accomplish most and this great common object be most strikingly and effectively achieved. The imperial German government expresses the hope that this object may be in some measure accomplish? ed even before the present war ends. It can be. The government of the United States not only feels obliged to insist upon it, by whomsoever vio? lated or ignored, in the protection of its own citlz ns, but is also deeply interested in seeing it made practi? cable between the belligerents them? selves, and holds itself ready at any time to act as tho common friend who may be privileged to suggest aj way. , In the meantime the very value which the government sets upon the long and unbroken friendship be? tween the people and government of the United States and the people and) government of the German nation impels it to press very solemnly upon the imperial German government the necessity for a scrupulous observance of neutral rights in this critical mat? ter. Friendship itself prompts it to say to the imperial German govern? ment that repetition by the comman? ders of German naval vessels of acts in contravention of those rights must be regarded by the government of the United States, when they affect Amer? ican citizens, us deliberately un? friendly. Lansing. GERARD DELIVERS NOTE. Berlin (via London), July 23.?The new American note to Germany was delivered to the foreign office by Am? bassador Gerard at 1 o'clock this af? ternoon. Ambassador Gerard was closeted with Foreign Minister von Jagow for a half hour. They discussed In formaly several aspects of the note. The ambassador afterward declined to ANARCHY REIGNS IN MEXICO. WIRELESS REPORT DECLARES CONDITIONS MORE DESPER? ATE IN PAST FEW DAYS. Foreigners Appeal to C. S. for Aid In Capital?Much Rioting- and Looting and Prospects of Relief Indefinite Many Starving. Mexico City, July 17.? (By Wireless to New Orleans, July 23.)?Condi? tions in the Mexican Capital have become more desperate in the last few days and a state of anarchy reigns here. There has been much rioting and looting of stores inside the city. Prospects for the relief of half a million people are indefinite. The attempts of Carranza's army to hold the capital have collapsed. The isolated foreigners of all na? tionalities have issued an appeal to the United States for relief in the desperate situation. Food and even water and light virtually are unob? tainable and starvation among the population of the city is growing. Money is practically worthless, be? cause of the inability of the inhabi? tants to purchase food and other ne? cessities here. _, ? I The foregoing was dispatched from Mexico City on the eve of the Car ranza evacuation and just before the Zapata forces reoccupied the capital. WM. C. KWAFFIELD DIES. Reulty and Insurance Broker of Co? lumbia Passes Away. Columbia, July 24.?William Cole BwaflUld, who had been ill with ty? phoid fever for five weeks, died at the residence of his mother, 131S Wash? ington street, late yesterday after? noon. Funeral services will be held at 6 o'clock this afternoon in Trinity Episcopal church. The interment will be in the family plot in Elmwood cemetery. Mr. Swaffield was the youngest son of the late William Cole Swaffield, Sr., and Mary Green Swaffield, and continued the real estate and insur? ance business conducted through a long period of years by his father. Besides his mother, he is survived by two brothers and five sisters. The brothers are A. G. Swaffield of Atlan? ta and Fred G. Swaffield of Columbia, manager of the Pittsburgh Meter company. All five sisters reside in Co? lumbia. They are Misses Caroline ant Elizabeth Swaffield. Mrs. Martin Dyches, Mrs. Jerome V. Wilson and Mrs. Mary S. Cowan. TO INVESTIGATE ORDUNA AT? TACH. Gerard Will Make Formal Inquiry for German Version of Incident. Washington, July 23.?Formal in? quiry will be made at the Berlin for? eign office by American Ambassador Gerard for tho German official version of the recent attack by a submarine on the British liner Orduna, which was bound for New York with a score of American citizens among her pas? sengers. A report on an Investigation con? ducted by Dudley Field Malone, col? lector of customs at New York, pre? sented to the state department today, submits affidavits of officers, seamen and passengers declaring the shio was attacked without warning. It is understood this incident will not affect the American attitude to? wards Germany's sea warfare .as it happened before the dispatch of the note made public today in which Germany was warned that any repre tition by German naval commanders of acts in contravention of the rights of American citizens must be re? garded as "deliberately unfriendly." LEAVES FOR CORNISH. Will Give out American Note at 5 O'clock Tomorrow Morning. Washington, July 23.?President Wilson leaves for Cornish tonight. Up to noon Girard had not acknowledged receipt of the note, but the State de? partment will give out the note for publication at 5 o'clock tomorrow morning. say anything for publication. Presentation of the note was an informal ceremony. Ambassador Gerard rolled the document In a copy of an engineering magazine and walked with it in his hand across the square from the embassy to the for? eign office where of late he has been so frequent a visitor that a prelimi? nary appointment scarcely was nec? essary. The transmission of the note was accomplished this time without mis? hap. The last note was delayed sev? eral hours in transit. The nature of the communication was carefully guarded at the Ameri? can embassy. No arrangements re? garding its publication in Germany have been made, but It is expected it will be given out within a short time. NEW NQ1E IS EMPHATIC. WASHINGTON OFFICIALS THINK PRESENTATION OF AMEIU CAN CASE VERY STRONG. Point? Out Possibility of Waging Sub marine Warfare Vvithout Undue Menace to Neutral Right*?Wilson Returns to Cornish. Washington, July 23.?The Ameri? can note on submarine, wrafare pre? sented at Berlin today by Ambassador Gerard was made public here tonight. It reveals that Germany has been in? formed it is the intention of the United States to regard as "deliber jr.tely unfriendly" any repetition by German naval commanders of acts in contravention of American rights. jThe United States announces it will (continue to contend for the freedom of the seas, "from whatever quarter violated, without compromise and at any cost." In official and diplomatic quarters the communication was viewed as the strongest and most emphatic pro? nouncement by the Washington gov? ernment since the beginning of its correspondence with the European belligerents. President Wilson returned to Cor nlsh, N. H., tonight. On the assumption that Germany already has admitted the illegality Of her practices by attempting to Justify them as retaliatory moves against Great Britain, the United States ex? presses the belief that Germany no longer will "refrain from disavowing the wanton act of its naval com? mander in sinking the Lusitanla or from offering reparation for the American lives lost, so far as repara? tion can be made for a needless de? struction of human life by an illegal act."' Referring to the German expression of hope in its last note that the free* dorn of the seas may be established In some measure before the end of the war the United States declares this object can be accomplished and invites the practical cooperation of Germany. The American government adds, moreover, that it "holds itself ready at any time to act as the com? mon friend who may be privileged to suggest a way" to assist in estab? lishing the freedom of the seas. The German note of July 8 is de? clared "very unsatisfactory because It falls to meet the real differences between the two governments and in? dicates no way in which the accepted principles of law and humanity may be applied in the grave matter in controversy but proposes on the con? trary arrangements for a partial sus? pension of those principles which vir? tually set them aside." Contending that "the defense of an act as retaliatory is an admission that it is illegal," the United States th*m argues that it can not discuss actions of Great Britain with Germany and it regards as "irrelevant" in the present negotiations mention of the conduct of other belligerents. "Illegal and inhuman acts," says the note, "however justiciable they may be thought against an enemy who is believed to have acted In con? travention of law and humanity, are manifestly Indefensible when they deDrive neutrals of their acknowledg? ed rights, particularly when they vio? late the right of life itself." Pointing out that a belligerent should give up Its retaliatory mea? sures if unable to conduct them "with? out injuring the lives of neutrals," the note declares that persistence in such measures under the circum? stances would constitute an unpar? donable offense against the sovereign? ty of the neutral nation affected. The United States, it is asserted further, "is not unmindful of the ex? traordinary conditions" brought about by the present war, and is ready to make every reasonable allowance for these novel and unexpected aspects of war at sea, but can not consent "to abate any essential or fundamental right of its people because of a mere alteration of circumstances." The note says that events of the last two months clearly Indicate that it is "possible and practical" to con? duct submarine operations "in sub? stantial accord with the accepted practices of regulated warfare." The comment is added that the "whole world has looked with Interest and increasing satisfaction" at the demonstration of that fact by German naval commanders, and that it Is "manifestly possible to lift the whole practice of submarine attack above the criticism which it has aroused and remove the chief cause of offense." DENIES THE STORY. Berlin Again Repudiates Account of Submarine Exploit. Amsterdam, July 23.?A semi-of? ficial telegram from Berlin comment? ing on a British report of the sinking of the German battleship Pommern, or a vessel of that type, In the Baltic sea July 2 by a submarine says: "No German warship has been sunk in the Baltic sea by a hostile sub? marine."