Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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rabUsbed Wedn?dsy and Saturday. ft_ ?BT? OftTKEN Pl'HUStUM? COMPANY. IUMTRK. B. C ? l.lt par ana um?In advance. *.tl is On* Square first lnaartloii.fl.00 subsequent insertion.60 Contracts for threw month*, or nger will b? made at reduced rates. All communications which sub? 's privat? Interest* will be charged far eg advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respect will be charged for. The shunter Watchman was fouud eg hi lllf and the True Southron lu lift. The Watchman and Southron the combined circulation and i of both of the old papers, and is manifestly the beet advertising medians In Sumter. i ???? Weekly Weather Issued by the U. S. Weather Ilureau. Washington. D. C. for the week be? ginning Wednesday. June 9. 1915. For South Atlantic and East Gulf States: After the brief ruins at the beginning of the period, fair weather will set In and continue thereafter. The temperatures will be a little be? low the seasonal average. The securing of signatures to the petition for an election to decide whether or not the city of Sumter shall issue $160.000 of street improve? ment bonds for street paving under the abutting properly assessment plan ts proceeding satisfactorily and it now appears practically assured that the election will be ordered. Nevertheless more opposition to the plan to give Sumter good streets and sidewalks has developed than was anticipated, and what Is most surprising Is that tho op? position has come from unexpected quarters and that tho opposition Is ggggd ggfgeh upon n misapprehension of the abutting property assessment plan. Most of those who object to the bond election appear to entertain the belief that for the city to vote to au? thorise the issue of $250.000 in bonds Is to Immediately increase tho bond? ed debt of the city by that amount snd to commit the city to a street pav? ing programme entailing the expendl ture of the full amount of the ggg*J Issue. Under the shutting property assessment plan no street paving can be undertaV ?*n until a majority of the , freeholders on a ?irect or section of a street havo signified by petition to City Council that they want their! ? atreel paved and are Willing lu b*> as? sessed their pro rata share of the cost of the paving?each property owner to pay one-third of the cost of the paving In front of his property. Pay? ment of this assessment Is not requir? ed to be made In a lump sum at once, but Is divided Into twenty or thirty equal annual payments. The annual payments will be email and will not be a burden on anyone. Property owners will have the benefit of good streets at a cost so inconsiderable, with the inta. extending o?er so long a pc I. that they will never feel the cost. The $160.000 in city bonds that the election will authorUe will be issued only as needed, and If no streets pe? tition for paving, the bonds will never be Issued, if the people of Sumter want good streets they can obtain them through the Instrumentalis of the abutting property assessment plan. If they are satistied with the streets as they are they do not have to pe? tition council to pave them. Hut as a matter of good business and enlight? ened public policy the people of Sum? ter should vote In favor of the bond Issue, gg that those property owners who want their streets paved and are willing to be assessed t ? pay for tbe puvlng may have the opportunity of so doing A r. and C, should not be denied the privilege of paving the street on which they live for no better reason than that K. F. and O. do not want their *tr"et paved. see Mr. Hryan's conscience may ap? prove his course In quitting a post of greatest responsibility at the most momentous crisis In our country's his? tory, when it is vitally necessary that the administration and the people as a whole present an unbioken front ssalnst forelsn infringement of na? tional rights, but it will be difficult to convince the American people that his personal opposition to a firm and un? yielding pcdic\ in defense of well es? tablished rights should be paramount to the duty he owed the American people und the administration. If Mr. Hryan's ahhorence for war Is so deep-seated that gg would forego all national rights and would pacifically submit to the most unreasonable ag |on rather than run the slightest of being drawn Into war In de ,. ,*?. of those rights that an in? separable from national Integrity, he lh<l right in renlgntng from tin pgbt? nc| for ,he poet he held Is no place for a man of that type. Knte, mining ??ch convictions he did himself and lh? country grave Injustice when he ?irfi a gam If ??'?' **** ??med the ree,H,n*?bllltlea incident thereto. Mr. Bryan's .sincerity will not he seriously questioned by any con ktidJ#rahle number of his fellow citi? zens, ami while be will be condemned and severely criticised for his failure. At a crisis, to yield complete and self effacing loyalty to the country ami flu? president, with the condemnation will be mixed the slncerest regret that his idealism overshadowed hard facts and that his devotion to his personal beliefs was greater than his loyalty to the great'-r and more pressing needs of the nation in a time of stress and danger. It seems that he placed personal consistency and a strict ad? herence 10 convictions previously ar ii\ed at from an academic and idealis? tic consideration of the evils of war between nations above loyalty to his country In a crisis not of our mak? ing and preferred deserting his post of duty to sacrificing his sentimental opposition to war in any circumstan? ces. HOME CAUE OF MILK. Milk Sours Very Slowly at liow Tcm |H'ratui%*+?<1ean Hc< cpta<Boss Aid In Keeping Milk Sweet?Whipping Cream. Washington, D. C, June 7.?With the advent of warm weather the care ot milk in the home becomes more complex than during the late aut nm and winter. Heat to the extent cumulated by allowing milk to stand on a warm i>orch or in the sun is enough to start the bacteria in milk to multiplying at a rapid rate and thus make it unfit for use as sweet milk, according to the dairy specialists of the United States Department of Agri? culture. The hot days also bring the tiles, the great germ carriers, and the clouds of dust laden with bacteria, which, when coming to rest on milk receptacles, may easily contaminate the milk. Milk is regarded as a natural cul tuic medium for bacteria, and the rapidity with which the various forms will multiply, under the proper tem? peratures, tm astonishing. It has been shown that if a cubic centimeter (about 1-2 teaspoonfui) of milk con? taining 10 bacteria Is kept at 68 de? grees temperature for 24 hours, the bacteria will have multiplied into about 61.000. In the same milk, if held at 50 degrees, the growth of bac? teria would be very small, possibly as low as 40 in 24 hours. Milk which contains a large number of bacteria Is either not fresh or has come from a dj eased COW ot hns otherwise been, conf iin'nat' d. Fttsg are possibly 'he moat danger-] ? ?us beett Ig carriers > mch aie likely! io < i contact .vun milk, scavengers may convey the germs of typhoid fever or other contagious dis? eases from the sick room or excreta to the milk. Typhoid epidemics have been caused by flies spreading the germs. Milk should be guarded from tiles us rigorously as you would avoid exposure to disease. Cows are now out on pasture, and milk Is more easily produced under sanitary conditions than during the winter months when the cows are stabled continuously. Milk may be handled by the farmer in the most correct and sanitary methods known, and yet if it is not cooled immediately aftew milking and kept cool until con? sumed. It very soon begins to change and grow sour. In fact, the bacte? rial content Increases rapidly as long as the milk remains above 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The bacteria are dor? mant or Increase slowly at a lower temperature. For this reason, every precaution for keeping milk cold from the time It is produced until it reaches the consumer is essential, and espe? cially SO during the warm weather. Milk may abs ?rb impurities when? ever it is exposed to the air. or placed in unclean /essels. The amount or de? gree of contamination depends] on the cleanliness of the air and of the u* sil. Even the air of a so-called clean loom contains some impurities. If the producer and denier have done their duty, there is left at the consumer's door ? bottle of clean, cold, unadul? terated milk. BUI the consumer also has responsibilities in handling milk SO that It continues to he lit for con? sumption, especially as food for babies. The milk in the home n ay be placed In unclean vessels or exposed unneces ?arllj to the air. or not kept cool until the time of using. Thus thiag* may happen to the milk affecting its qual it\. ma ay Of Sfhleh are caused through carelessness. llecetVftng Milk ?t the Home. The expression "a bottle of clean, Cold, unadulterated milk" describes the kind of milk which should be de? livered to the gome. The method of dipping milk from I irgfl ? ans and pouring it Into the customer's roCOp? taele in the street, with all the Inci? dent exposures to the air, not nlwayi the cleanest* is a bad practice. Draw? ing milk from the faucet of a retall? ? is ran is almost as bad as dipping milk, although the milk Is not expos id to the air as long as by the dipping I process, Besides the Insanitary part ot this method, some consumers, un? less the milk Is Kept well agitated, are likely to receive less than ihelr pro? ? portion of cream. The CUStom of set - ting out at night an uncovered vessel which collects thousands' of bacteria from tile street dust before the milk is put Into it, is obviously very insani? tary, and ret it is practiced to a large extent. If milk is to be received in a bowl or pall by the consumer, it is worth while to have it delivered personally to sonn? member of the family, or if the receptacle is to be placed in waiting for the milk de? liverer, it should be covered with a plate, 01 better still, a glass preserving jar may be Used, in which nothing but milk is put. The jars with the glass tops are preferable; no rubber bands should he used. Direct sunlight on the bottle of mlik warms it rapidly, and Increases the bacterial content. Milk which is delivered very early In the morning, say at I p. m.i and remains out-of doors until U or 10 o'clock, is \ ery likely to become warm and less fit for human consumption than if it were taken in the house and placed in the refrigreator early in the morning. Milk should not be transferred from the original bottle into another receptacle until just before consump? tion. The bottle should he kept cov? ered with a paper cap, or an inverted 'tumbler as long as the milk is in it. Milk deteriorates by exposure to the air in the pantry, kitchen, or nursery. Housewives are familiar w Ith the abil? ity milk has to absorb smells from strong foods, like fish, cabbage, or onions. It is obvious, therefore, that such foods should be kept out of the refrigerator which contains milk. If the milk is received In a bowl, pall, or other receptacle, instead of a bottld, the same rules apply to tho keeping of the milk as those mention? ed above for bottled milk. Milk from the grocery store or bakery which is kept in a can, open most of the time, and possibly without refrigeration, is to be strictly avoided. Can* of the Refrigerator. The refrigerator, unless kept scru? pulously clean, often is in itself a source of the production of bad flavor in milk. The. refrigerator should be inspected at short intervals, at which times the outlet for the melted ice should be freed, the ice-rack clean? ed, and the place where the food is kept scalded with sal-soda solution. Kven though the refregreator is cold, a few drops of spilled milk, or a small particle of food neglected, will soon contaminate it. Care of Milk liottles and Utensils. Milk bottles are made for milk and not to hold sundry other goods. As i i Ihe p' " bottle is empty, it Rhould be rlnaed \> th lukewarm wa r until b then set bot ton I ottles should nevei o? returned In a <Urty or filthy condition. All utensils with which milk comes In contact should he rins? ed, was'" ?d, and scalded every time they are used. When cleaning these utensils, do not wash them in dish wa? ter or wipe with ordinary dish towels. First rinse them and then boil in clear water and set away unwiped. If the receptacles are hot, they will soon be? come dry without wiping. When a baby is bottle-fed, every time the feeding bottle and nipple are used they should he rinsed in luke? warm water, washed in hot water to which a small amount of washing soda has been added, and then scalded. Never use a rubber tube between the bottle and nipple. If a case of typhoid, scarlet fever or diphtheria breaks out in the family, do not return any bottles to the milk? man except with the knowledge of the attending physician, and under the conditions prescribed by him. Whipping Cream should be Cold. The above suggestions on the care of milk are equally applicable to cream. Often the housewife And! that the cream she has will not whip. The department's dairy specialists point out that to obtain satisfactory results in whipping cream it should bo cold and of the right thickness, containing about 30 per cent or more of butterfat. ordinary cream, desig? nated as coffee cream by the trade, is altogether too thin to give good re? sults. The Whipping cream as deliver? ed by the milkman contains .10 to 4 0 per cent, of butterfat. Thoroughly chill the cream before whipping by placing it in a covered bowl on the ice. The whipping process is also aided and hastened by standing the bowl in a pan of ice water. TWO other subjects bearing on the topic of care of milk in the home are pasteurization ami the food value of milk, 'rin se are treated' in U. s. De? partment of Agriculture Farmers' Bul? letin 113 and Bureau Of Animal Indus? try Circular 191 which may be obtain? ed free upon application to the editor and chief of the Division of Publica? tions C. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C, as long as the De? partment's supply lasts. Mr. Robert Lee Dougherty was given Ihe d' grct of bachelor of arts, and Messrs. .lohn drier DInklns, John R, Duffle and Itaymon Rehwarts the degree of bachelors of law by the University of South Carolina yester day, the diplomas being confered by , i ?i Currell, president of Ihe Culver* sit V . SURVEY TO BE MADE. State Board of Charities and Correc? tions Will Examine All Penal Insti? tutions. Columbia, June 7.?The State Board of Charities and Corrections, created by the last general assembly, will begin at the earliest possible date' a survey of every institution in South Carolina over which it has Visltortal and advisory powers. it has already made a preliminary study of the State hospital for the insane and the peni? tentiary. But, before the State-wide' survey can be undertaken In a thor? ough-going way, it will be necessary to determine what kinds of data about the institutions will be of greatest use to the State. To find this out, the board and its officers are studying the reports of a number of boards of char? ities in other States, making compari? sons, etc. Albert S. Johnstone, secre? tary of the South Carolina board, will visit especially successful boards in other States to get a lirst hand view of their work and methods. A survey of the penal, charitable and correctional institutions in South Carolina will disclose the real condi? tions in them and will enable the State Board of Charities and Corrections to cooperate more closely with local of? ficials and to contribute more effec? tively in bringing about needed re-? forms in the systems of managing county jails, poor houses and chain gangs, as well as in the State's penal charitable, and correctional institu? tions. The State Board of Charities and Corrections is now In close touch with the Board of Regents of the State hospital for the insane where sweep? ing changes are being made in the management. For the Board of Re? gents the fiscal agent of the State Board of Charities and Corrections will peform the important service of investigating the financial status of patients at the State hospital for the insane. Those patients who are found to be able to pay for their treatment at the hospital will be required to do so by the Board of Regents after re? ceipt of a report to this effect from the fiscal agent of the State Board of Charities and Corrections. CROP CONDITION AT PRIVATEER. Privateer, June 8.?Crops are small and grassy, but if the good weather continues for two weeks or ten days, the farmers will get their crops in good condition. The oat crop is very good and is being harvested rapidly. There is not any great amount of wheat in this immediate section, but what is here, every one seems to think will make a very good yield when harvested. One thing against the wheat industry here is that there is no flour mill near when it is made and gathered. Tobacco is very backward and a small acreage planted. Several who planted tobacco beds decided that they would plant the land intend? ed for tobacco in cotton or corn. Mr. Graham Pritchard, while work? ing at Mr. J. M. Kolb's sawmill, had the misfortune to get his leg broke last Wednesday afternoon. Mr. H. B. Barkley has a very sick child. Miss Talula Ramsey is visiting her brother, Mr. W. H. Ramsey, at Wedge field, who is quite ill. Miss Beatrice Ardis of Pinewood is visiting in the neighborhood. Mr. G. A. Nettles spent Saturday in Sumter. The city force of hands is engaged in making repairs on various streets in which holes were cut during the recent wet weather. FOR SALE?100 bushels mixed peas at $1.75. Geo. D. Shore & Bro., Sumter, S. C. PEAS FOR SALE?At Ducker and Bultman. PEAS FOR SALE?100 bushels Iron peas at $2.50 per bushel, f. o. b. Dalsell; 100 bushels mixed peas at $2.00 per bushel, f. o. b. Dalsell. Apply to Dalzell Merc. Co., Dalsell, S. C. THE HIGHSMITH OPTICAL CO, has parlors at Baker's old Infirmary, 106 West Hampton avenue, Dr. Z. K. Highsmlth, optometrist, in charge every day except Tuesdays. LANDER COLLEGE, GREENWOOD, S. C. 44th Year Begini Sept. 22, 191.). The school for your daughter. ShND FOR CATALOGUE. Geo H. Hurst, Undertaker and Embalmer. Prompt Attention to Day or Night Calls: AT J. 0. Cralg Old Stand, IN. Main Phones mjettei Ins|MTt Camp Sites. W. W. Moore, adjutant general, and A. ii. Bilcox, major of the Second Infantry, Charleston, left yesterday for points in the Piedmont section of the State that have extended Invita? tions for the encampment of the reg? iment. Invitations have been received from Anderson, Clinton, Newberry, Union and Bpartanburg.?The State, i Benjamin l>. Hodges and Thomas M. Iloss df. Sumter were two of the recent candidates to appear before the State b^ard of law examiners and pass successfully. Their names have been sent to the supreme court to be ad? mitted to practice in this State, i Among the graduates of Clemson College from this county was Virgil < !orbett Of Horatio. "Savings Banks9' Have assisted thousands of people throughout this country to be? come independent and wealthy and have been the means of saving thousands of others from becoming objects of charity during times of sickness, reverse and old age. Start a SAVING ACCOUNT with this SAVINGS BANK. Regu? lar deposits, aided by the 1 per <>eiit. interest, which we compound qua? rly, will soon build the account up to a substantial propor? tion and stand between you and financi! embarrcsmeut. WHY NOT TO-DAY? II The Commercial & Savings Bank, \\ GEO. D. SHORE, J. K. CROSSWELL, R. A. BRADHAM I I President. Vice-Pres. Cashier. ?4"M"M"1"M' >d>d>d>+d>#d)d)d)d)d)d)d)d)d>d>+d)+d) fjfj** SUNDAY EXCURSIONS TO THE SEASHORE 1 Round Trip Fare From SUMTER to CHARLESTON Sl.75 Tickets sold only for trains specified below on Sun? days, limited to date of sale. Schedule Going?Leave Sumter 6.30 A. M., Arrive Charleston 10.30 A. M. Schedules Returning?Leave Charleston 8.25 P. M., Arrive Sumter 12.05 A. M. For futher particulars, tickets, etc., apply to O. V. Player, Ticket Agent, SUMTER, S. C. W. J. CRAIG, T. C. WHITE, Pass. Traf. Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt. WILMINGTON, N. C. Atlantic Coast Line The Standard Railroad of the South ?????????????????????????????????eeeeeeeeeeeeeed? Prepare to Meet the Enemy Mosquitoes, the [greatest foe to health and restful sleep, are now advancing. Fortify yourself with the Spring Back or Climax Canopy. Climax, for Baby Cribs or Single Beds, $1.00. Climax, for Double Beds, at $1.25 and $1.50. Spring Backs, adjustable for Wood or iron Beds, $2.50. i \ O'Donnell 6 Co. ^???????????????????????^^