Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Opening Guns in Whirlwind Campaign Fired Here Yesterday, When Experts Tell Farmers of Necessity of Snbsti tuting Grain for Cotton. Party Made First Stop at Renibert, Where it was Welcomed by Small Crowd of Farmers?Interesting Talks by Com? missioner Watson and A. G. Smith in Sumter to Handfull of People?Smith Tells How Farmsrs Can Grow Oats and Wheat, pod Watson Shows Necessity of Grain for Europe ?Cost of Elevator and Machinery. The cumpalKn inaugurated by C?I missioner of Agriculture L. J. Wat sun for the substituting of corn, OUtl and wheat for cotton by the farmers who had hitherto subsisted upon ? one-crop system held its Initial meet? ing in this county yesterday. The llrst stop of the party was at Ucmburt, where a small but Interested crowd heard the speakers. The second stop was at Sumter and the third meeting of the day wus at Mayesvllle, late In the afternoon. Th? party Is composed of Comt missioner K. J. Watson of South Caro hnu. A. O. Smith, an export on grain and hay from the Cnitecl States de? partment of agriculture, who is now engaged In special work In South Carolin?; Prof. W. II. Itarton of Ciem son College, a specialist of rotation of crops and Mr. Stratton of the Bar? rel 1 Kniineering Company of Chicago, the expert of grain elevators, who furnishes th* farmers with Informa? tion as to cost and needs of such ma? chinery. Prof. W. W. Long, head of Mis Clemson College extension werk in South Carolina, was unable to leave Clemson College and was not with the party, much to the regret of those who had gathered to hear the speak? ers. However, thero was plenty of in? formation given out which will cause the farmers to think twice before they hold their land for the planting of cotton next year and the only pity of the campnlgn Is that it came on such^ short notice and more of the farmer? could not have been present to hear the excellent advice given. The crowds were pitifully small at each place. At Kembert Prof. Carton told of the necessity of soil building by rota? tion and not by the use of commer? cial fertilisers. He stressed the lm-! portance of this work to the farmer, who wished to keep his land in good! condition, and showed how much val-! ue It was to the land and In the grow? ing of crops. Commissioner Watson speke of the cotton situation. lb showed how at the present price of cotton, which was below the cost of production, the farmers w? tv bound to becomo bankrupt, unless they went to some other crop which should prove money-making and at the same time which should save the farmer from spending his money for goods shipped in from the north and west, goods which could be grown at a cheaper cost right here than they were grown elsewheer. His was a "live at home" talk und those who heard him were Immensely impressed by his forceful language and logical reasoning of how grain would benoflt the fn.mers mo- I than cotton. Many questions were a.?d\cd of each of the speakers and the farmers show? ed their Interest In the subject. One of the farmers of this place told the experts that wheat could be raided in that section for he had planted two sores the year previous und hud raise-1 practically 3.r> bushels per acre. lb stated that ho expected to plant one hundred acres of wheat this yoar. or rather had alreudy planted it. - At Sumter the party did not arr|*C until a little late and then- wet - o.ii about *>?> persons to meet the speak? ers. Most of these wer?' not farmers, but professional and business men v. ho base fa rming us a side line. Mr. Stratton, the el.va'or expert, told of the Importarwr to th?- farmers of the erection of a shucking machine and a grain cb aner. The machinery for these and an ?-l< ator of lu.Ofg bushels capacity he said, his hOUSS would erect for |ttftM? exclusive of the cost of the b.t for tin* bttlldlag. H oats W HV to be sold, in- ;nh l>- d I li< placing of another machine ffjf ? < aid? ing the oats. This would SjCSg aboUl $'.'<'? more. He answer. .! m nr .pa- - tlons as to the machinery and ? le'. a tor In a manm r satisl.n t ?ry to hi. audleiu ?-. A. O. Smith made a verv plain, di? rect talk, ghrtfig tbe farmers :i gr< it deal of solid inform it ion in a lev moments and In an Impressive way. He said that Mr. HirattOg and he had not met until this mormtt; and In- ha I learned with pleasure ihn Mr. Str.H ton s turn Is bulMIng .in elevator in Mr Smith's obi home town In lllnola Mr. Smith wa i r< i.-(v in th. earn It of Illinois and be told th<- Slimier farmers that the .Illinois tarntet would ? oiiHid.-r lUesa?Ivtsj foolish il th? \ trusted th? ir entire fortunes to any on** cr??|?. i'hey produce three of r?,in 11 sgsj saeg res r( sad it there is ill luck with one, another money crop Is at hand. In answer to the question whether corn ln^ great quantity could lind a I market In this State, he replied that jit would be very easy. The native corn I should sell for the market m ice of I Illinois corn plus about 22 cents, the I amount of freight from Ilinois here. The people of the South need to for ! tify themselves by going into the stock business, he said In Illinois it Is considered that when they have m surplus of corn, one bjshel of corn will make ten pounds of hog meat, and the farmers there give their sur? plus into making meat as a money crop. There is no occasion for the farmers to fear the lack of a wheat market, he pointed out. The average fanner consumes on his place enough foreign made Hour to make wheat profitable j merely if he makes enough to save I buying fiour. Five bush ids' will make a barrel of Hour and pay for the mill? ing. One acre of wheat will grow two barrels of Hour and one acre will grow 20 bushels of oats to supply the farm? er's own needs. "Is this not cheaper than paying for the grain that must be hauled hundreds of miles?" he csked. Ho deplored the lack of market fa? cilities and said that is one thing that must be accomplished once. Three > ears ago he got an urgent appeal from a Sumter eounty farmer to as jsist him to sell loo head of hogs. Two years ugo a Sumter farmer told him he could not get rid of 3,000 bushels of corn and that very day a Sumter commission man had sold in Sumter seven carloads of corn and hay. Each one wanted what the other had, and i either knew it. Mr. Smith was followed by Cel. I Watson, who made some statements i that were notable for their earnest resa and for the big facts which they carried. He declared among oth? r things that the farmers will need no fertilizer for next year, for what they have "wasted" there in years gone bj in making cotton has left enough resi? due of mineral matter and of organic matter to produce a fair grain crop without Additional fertilizers. Col. Watson commented In the outset that he had been present when the cam-. paign was begun in Sumter Which had' placed Richard I. Manning in the gov? ernor's chair and while he wished to acknow ledge his sense of obligation to others who were candidates for that ofllce yet he had especial cause to be proud that Mr. Manning had been elected, for the new governor had come this day all the way from RoCk Hill just to be at homo for a few hours and to give his approval to this movement and that Mr. Manning had declared that his whole soul is wrap? ped up In this movement which he trusts will produce a wonderful har? vest. Col. Watson set out that the law as to the acresgi to be planted in cotton is mandatory and he believes the peo? ple of South Carolina will not break the law. He denounced the "ferti? lizer faker" who, he said, had eaused the cost of producing cotton to be in? creased to about 11 cents per pound. The expenditure per acre for ferti? lizer has been about $1 in this State. The sick soil has been "tonicked ' to get the money to send sway and the farmers have thrown away M0,000,? ooo on things that ought to be pro? duced at home. A farmer can raise ,i hog cheaper in tins Utata than it can be done In the West and yel this state spemls s I .,imh> a yt ;ir for bacon. He loid of tin- woik of the Inspector* of the department In trying iu proteel the people from impure corn und locr? The people of t' is state c > mls? corn nnd wheat Unit would suit them better bul Ihej w)?i uo IS miles to buy some ?? l<i cheup stuff, he sail. Mr. Watson then reu*l sonn- stalls ins showing to whul u sturtllnM < 'X" tenl the city of Columbia, is Involved in buying food products from ubroad when Mouth Carolina- farms should supply South Carolina cities. This was one of the most effective part of hi* address. AmotlK other lion. . . In said. I 'olumblu bll) I | I,.? II year of meat produt IM from foi el M packing houses; tiJ.*...> bushels of corn; h\ e carload- of t imips ba\ e re ? entl) com? I? ' !oluinhhi I rum i 'a n ada. Sind New York Sla e fumlshes the people of Ibis State wi< b i ttbl H| (< ?; the Irish pots oes boughl by I .olumblu from ul. amount m SO,. bul m i a .war and tht cabbage bill la amaz? ing, Mr. Watson argued lhat the sam< thing that was true of Columbia was true oi ail the othc** cities und towns in South Carolina, and even the coun? try districts, Ho stated thai some seemed to fear that there would be no market fur grain, it they planted it. He said that for this year Europe ottered a great demand that ha 1 to In- tilled from America. The Canadian wheat orop had tailed. The French wheat Crop had been trampled under foot or not gathered. The corn crop in Aus I'tiia-Hungary, the biggest European corn producing State, was small tins year and there were few men left al home to gather it. Little would be gTOV n by the women next year. The Australian wheat crop had already been consumed, or sold. The South was ths only place on the globe where a grain crop could be grown in winter and be ready for market by early summer. The european demand Would be much larger than the BUP ply, He advised the total elimina? tion of cotton tor this year and the Substituting of grain in its place, next year when fall came, conditions might be Changed and there might again be i demand tor cotton which guaranteed Its being raised at a profit. He hoped that if cotton wont up, it would not go up in time to allow the farmers to plant it next spring. Ti e European war had done something for the Southern farmer, it had for the first time in the history of the count r;. I made the government recognize cotton as a basis for loans. He closed with an earnest p!oa for the farmers to "live at home" and to drop the one-money crop system. Prof, Barton did not speaM, as the speakers had more than consumed the tine- allowed them and. court was waiting to reconvene. The party left in a few minutes in automobiles for Mayesvllle, Maycsville Meeting a Success. The party of grain experts was ac? companied to Mayesvllle by Vice Pres? ident lt. B. Paper and Secretary lieardon of the Sumtor Chamber of Commerce. About 7 5 farmers ami business men were assembled here at u o'clock, the hour appointed for tin meeting. As the speakers did not gel to Mayesvllle until after i o'clock many of the farmers had left. How? ever, between 40 and 50 farmers and business men attended the meeting at the up-to-date brick school building. Secretary Kcardon presided by re? quest and, after a short, talk explain? ing the object of the meeting, h? introduced Prof. Barton of the farm extension work department of Clemson College as the first speaker. Commissioner Watson followed Prof. Barton. Both speakers followed the same Interesting end Instructive line of arguments that they advanced a1 the Sumter meeting. Many questions were asked by the farmers. Messrs. Smith and Stratton did not make speeches, but answered many questions regarding grain planting, elevator and roller mill costs, plans, etc. Commissioner Watson and his party left for Blshopvllle about ?*? o'clock j from Maycsville. They expresed them-, selves as well pleased with, the re COptlonS given them in this county am1 in the interest manifested by the farmers and business men they had meet, during the day, Considering the short notices of the meeting Com? missioner Watson said that "the ?>Ul Gamecock City and county had done things up in line shape as Sumter county always does things." It" every county in South Carolina comes to the front like Sumter coun'.y did today, we are assured of a big grain Crop and the adoption of the "live at home" methods on the farm and a new era of agricultural and commercial pros? perity In South Carolina." I The party stopped at Blshopvllle for the night, and continued their trip through Lee county today. MAY CLOSE ClIAUt FACTOltY. Penitentiary Directors Say That Heeds Cost Too Much, Columbia, Nov. it.?Directors of the siaie penitentiary maj be ton? I to abandon the oporutlon of the chair factor) at the prison because ??f ihc increased cost of reeds, a nece: ury ar? ticle in the manufacture of chairs. The reeds have increased from i- to cents per pound. Practically all reeds huve been shipped from Cicr ma n.v. I'AIIIM >N AND PAKOl.i:. K|Niiiunbiirg ami Ithiiland t'outlets t.ranted C'leniency. Columbia, Nov. 17. The governor has grunted a pardon in I red llobin son, who was convicted In Spartan burg in May, lull, of simple assault and buttery a lid sentenced to pay ti line of >' l Mil or serve UU days on llu cltuitigung. A parole has been granted to Sam Able, who was convicted In Itlehland count] In May, i!'!!. of tureen) sentenced hi live years In I tic Stat< ' pen it i ntlury. F?fiM APPEARS BRIGHT. rilKSlDKNT WILSON \ s < i\ N THY 1^ HOI :> I) Y< ) VIU I i I .. In Letter lo Secretary Me Ulo . eeiilive Points out Reason* . I gratulutious. Washington, Nov. 17.?".\ fut clear und bright, with promise ui best things," was the way Preside ui Wilson summed up his vi .. oil 11 < - business prospect tonight .in u lettei to Secretary McAdoo of ii:. trcasu department congratulating him u ? the opening of the new fedt ral reserve bank system. "Fundamental wrongs once rij lit ed, as they may now easily u . quickly be," wrote the presld nt, "all difficulties v clear away, v, ,? .1 All in the same boat, though appar? ently we had forgotten it. We now know the port for which we arc bound. We have and ?hall have moi and more as our new understandin= rip?n, a common discipline of pa? triotic purpose. We shall advance, an advance together, with 0 now spirit, a new enthusiasm, a new cordiality of spirit, of cooperation." Mr. Wilson referred to the n tariff law, the new currency law, the new trade commission law an< 1 labor provisions of tin- new nntl-ir law as the mean:; through which "thr soil has everywhere been laid bare ou. of which monopoly Is slowly to be eradicated." He added that "un? doubtedly the means by which cr< has been set free la it the hei rl ?? all these things; Is the kej pi 1 the whole structure." Referring to th< "opportunen? of the currency law, the president said: "The war which has lnvolv< the whole of the heart of Europe hau made it necessary t.a.i tho Unit ? states should mobilise its r< sources in the most effective way possible." II. spoke of the ditliculty of market ine the cotton crop of tho counlr> added that "no doubt in the light ol the new day, with Its new und r ue Ings, the problems of tho railroads a*i 11 also be met and dealt with In a spirit of candor and justice. ' The president's letter, which vva In reply to one from Secretary M? Adoo, announcing the opening of 1 . reserve ba nks, said : "My Dear Mr. Secretary*: l warmlj appreciate your letter of yesterda for 1 share your feeling' entirely nbo t the ?igniflcance of the opening of tin federal reserve banks for business. "1 do not know that any sj credit belongs to me f? v the pari was prepared to play In the erection of this new system, of which wi c< n ttdently hope so much; In It the lal >r and knowledge and forethought and practical experience a no1 sagacity ? . many nu n are embodied, who hav< cooperated with unusual wisdom admirable public spirit, None of them 1 am sure, will 1 ?e jealous 1 i th tributton of tho prtflso for the ?r< piece of legislation upon which il new system rests; they w*il only re? joice unsellishly 11? see th? thing a< - compllshed upon which they had ?? their hearts. "it has been acoompllsed und Its accomplishment Is of the deepest sig? nificance, jboth bee,; , ? of the ihln?. it has done away with and because of tlie things it has supplied that tin country lacked and had long needed. It has done away With agitation ui suspicion, because 11 has done away with certain fundamental wroni ;. ri has supplied means of a commowa tlon In i in- business world and an In? strumentality by which the interests of all. without regard to class, ma: readily be served. "We have only to look back, ten years or so to realize the deep per? plexitics and dangerous ill humors o of which we have now at last Issued as if from a bewildering fog, a nox ions miasma. Ten or l- years ag< the country WU3 t< I n and exes an agitation which shook the vcr; foundation of In r polith al Hi brought her business Ideab Into 0oca lion, condemned her social standard denied the how sty of her men .-1 n (fairs, the Integrity of her economi? I processes, the morality and ?.' I at of many of the things which her la sustained. Those v. no had powe ! whether iti buslnc-wi 1 v In polltl? were almost universalis looked upoi with suspicion und Ii' attempt w made to distinguish the just fr m lb unjust. Tin y In I heir tarn so? in? to distrust the people am! w.sn 1 limit tin lr control. Th re was n ominous antagonism between enis: ' < 'apltal and labor w 1 re in 1 harp ? -: lllet without pr?M?pccl of accomnn dation be! ween tin in. "This was not m r 'lj ?ht w< rk 1 Irresponsible agltatoi . There wei rt al v. roues v. hieb erh ? oul I ? righted, and ftarlci men bed call? attention to them, demandin ! 1 Ii ? p, y be deaf.1 \> II h by law. Wt a - ' b\ lug under 1 tai ifl a Iii? Ii hatl bet ptirposel) contrived lo cow er prr. a la\ ors Upon 1 hose v. ho w ere 1 jitins to k? eji the pal ty thol ?? ? ?" it in power; und In th il nil . IHo noil, till I he bad, hilt Iw I ami .hnigh of nioin-i ?!y had pr '?i Li i . . ? i . of the < ? I ''..v . f- : 'i.' i .:j much af li isc iiicir ? . j ? ? ? ? ? the "<'= ??? ? < ?. ? ms ol Lhc railroads will als> Demoer; .i<- j ? ... ... .? met ai ? . with in a spirit oi year and a halt has in - : is cl ar and bright 11.y wUi? tit Liiii ; ? . .. best things. While With their coriedica, <i>!, it . I . peculation Li] feeling vviil \> I < ... , '? ? ?: omplaint of only 'have these things 1 ? right i ? groups and cl sea, at war ? tl< * which are sun 1 ? . . ? in is common and Bttf Led and mists and ' ? % ?? '?>' ? ? ? uiUict. Kuildamen tul embarrassed Ui < Ii b crem ?? ? < \. i litcd, as they may the wrongs and undei lau ... ly and quickly be, alt differ* . upon so That is t ? c hi . t, main grounu oi ?. . ??? . . ... apparently we iiad forgotten satia ." ion, ;,. '.?< know Ihe ]<<-ri for which "Tin I rift has ? . r. i i ??? ire VVc have, and shall view to supporting the i err.w ??? ? . r?;oi . id ... : as new expert* i'ather than supportii | . ? . < -n discipline of ? vn . ... . . : with a new lias been ( . .... . . new cor? within the ri eh < . every who iality ? i ..... Led cooperation. It :s can show a golm ?? in and tin an in piri: prospect Our task is supervision and control i ' ? *ysi .. :. .\. . .. noi for any sin* is .:i the hands oi an..... .= rest, bu for all tin interests ui* ii,'- governmcnl itself. A 1 ? ? iri- the country .. a united whale, bunal had boon created in whi h thus "Tl ! will be different from who nib mpt unjust and Q] r< !v< the past, which we shall presently practices :.t business can be 1 . ' ? upon, I venture to : ay, as it to book. Labor hat b l in ? i up .. ? I ad dream. future w::l thing eh in 11 ? view ? .* ? lav; thai I ? ?ifforent in action and different la a mere mercantile commi 3ity . u Irit, i time of bei ling because a thing bun ; : at d !.;..? d ui ii Lh Iii e of just ii< '.. ? ... | cooperation prl\lit ?>.' Iff< .?. 1*. The s? ;j h . between men made equal I cfore the everywhere been laid : e out oi law In fa< 1 as \.? ii as In name* I am which monopoly is to slowly be eradl*j caking of this because the new cated, And un ; ? the mean banking system seems to me to syr.. by which credit I is been 1 fre< I ' lizo all of it. The opening of the at the heart ol these thin: '. is ::. federal reserve banks seems to tan to key piece of .'.: ? rue cur?. th< prin gency we have cro "Tiiis is the m r< i ... an ' ? - . . '? .' 1 < ma 1 i] iti u we seek. The cause of its op ortuneness. II Ith of November, 1914, will be no I 1 tight to Its tinal a ?inj 1! ! tin ... c a . marking the time ?when we ju t as Is it most imperatively n - < ? ? . v-.vre bi'sl able to realise just what had j The W'ar which has in olved th< w .. ?> liappencd. of the heart oi Ruropc has m ? it "In tie . nxious time throughwliich necessary that the United fc>tal . ? have ?ecn passing you have, say sould mobilize ? * rcs< 111 in th i . Mr. Secrel ry, been able to do t. effei tlve v.ay j <?? :' [< and m; . 1 my n ?teworthy things t?? Strenglin .1 her credit :*..; usefulness .... for th faciiitutel Lhc ' usincss operations service of tin v,j.< ii v >rld. of tiie country. Hen ief trth you hav? "it has created, too, sp< ' ili v v. instrument at iiand which wiil cullies, peculiar situations, to b< dee.H render many parts of your task easy. !with, like the great cmbarr 11 1 heartily congratulate you upon t.'?e In selling our ? A ??a cr? p. ? liicl i I irt ? u yourself have played in its the world :a ,: but a inst which, e ?n ? pti n and creation and upon the the time b In :, the mark< of th. ucce* ?ful completion of the dilBeutt j world an in dai :?? ?? of b? In arti- work * t organization. A new day has (iclally shut. That situation th bank- ilawned 1' th< beloved country whose crs ol the country are mcetii . so ? lastint; pros] rity and happiness wc as possible in a businesslike fashion ???> earnestly desire, and the spirit of the neu time which '"Sincerely yours, Is opening before us. The raviroadsj "Woodrow Wilson*" ^"?.?? ??wufc..' i.iu/inK: -i, . ?. > UB ...-1. i ." , ?. . ???i w.i *rT-.'>Mwa -r-^Tt : : I . : a it* ^/ 4 aV '?'-I to a wo ma/iv hat to the i 11 pm ? insduc tire not luteiiutu lhcih, * : mi nnnr mi : , rfpt a/*n mirtfpH . . L< .'. ^ 11 j ? >r 1. ? !;..(.. 1. J..v ^ alyU.UdlltVvU with us and 1 ar meth ds. ^y ike up your I ike up your mind to c unt in H us strong bank, jifferencc how much mon r earn, let us explain the is B mk your Bank. $1.00 ! ,': ? ? i; psl ? fin SSViflffS I .1.a?u um watiiiga. \ zz . aUlvl J H^IV I : i : rtilLD 1889 : I I \ (. ? . \ . >..' . ?? i * ' v