he tUiitchm mm WATCHMAN, Established April, 1U0. "Be Just and Fear not?Det all the ends Thon Alms't at be thy Country'* Thy God's and Trnta'a." THE TRUE SOUTHRON, J ytubllshed June, ISM. Consolidated Aug. 3,1881. SUMTER, S. C, SATURDAY, JULY 4, 1914. Vol. XXXVIII. No. 38. SUITER'S AEROPLANE MAKES LONG FLIGHT Mr. Robbins Has a Flying Machine of a New Design That May Revolutionize Art of Flying?He Expects to Fly From Sumter to New York. Sir. Edward A. Robbln*,. In an aero? plane of his o\/n construction, on Monday evening, about 7.30, made tbe longest Might made to date In the city of Sumter Mr. Robbins covered about f 1-1 mllca in about 7 V'1 mlnutea, flying at an elevation dt about 100 fest. Kor sometime Mr. Robbing has been trying ? it various details of construc , tion in the machine, prenuratory to completing a machine with which he expects to fly from Sumter to New "rerk. On Monday he added some addition? al wing sections of peculiar dctdgi* - which has made his machlno re? markable inasmuch as he now claims It Is one of the slowest flying ma? chines in the country. Witnesses of the flight state that It was a very beautiful one. The ma? chine took the air gracefully und flew without any lateral dipping. Mr. Robbins says that from the slevatlon attained, the smoke stacks and buildings of Sumter wcro clearly outlined against the custern sky and that the best way to realize the size of Sumter ami its many beauties is to take a birdscyo view. Monday evening was the tirst time that Mr. Robbins has really made I any effort to lly off the aviation field, I which has been pronounced the finest Mn A\norlca by Kugene Ely and many ?\*?ertr. fainili.tr with such matters. AfVr doing some exhibition Hying at Idncolnton, X. C, on July 4, Mr. Rob? bins returns to Sumter and will prob? ably make some more interesting flights. Mr. Robbins has been flying since 1911 in machines of his own con-' stmeti<>n and intends to permanent? ly locate at Sumter to build aero- j planes, Sumter being the first point in the South to have an industry of this kind. Tho designs of Mr. Robbins it is understood arc entirely different from i the patented designs of others and the idea is to make aeroplanes safe, j efficient and cheap, so that they will , j be as commercial as the automobile. BANK MIKES CHANGE. FARMKHS' BANK A Till'ST COM? PANY CHANGE** NAME TO BANK OF sol'TU CAR? OLINA. Wttlte Old Court llou*c Hulldlrt?' Is Kcsnodcllcd Into Modern banking tjuartrrs. From The Dally Item. July 1. The Farmen*' Hunk and Trust Com? pany, one <>f the strongest hanking in? stitutions in east central South Caro? lina, this morning changed its name to the Hank of South Cirollna, under srhi h name the Institution will con? tinue Its Isrge and flourishing business with ths fsrmers and business men of Humter and other counties. The bank also opened Its doors this morning, July 1st. in its temporary home In the city hull In tho oftlccs formerly occupied by the First Nat? ional Hank, where the bank will con? tinue tth of November, the bank will have one of the handsomest buddings in the tit;, and one of the best banking houses in this section of the Stute. The bank on Tuesday afternoon moved Its equipment from iu home to the former ofli *es of tho First Nat? ional Itank anu this morning its cus? tomers and others were notilicd of the fact that It was ready for busi? ness by a big sign nulled up against the wall near tho door. WAt.U WAS ON HATS. MI.hmKmIpvI Ither Towns Ik'glii Cam? paign of i:\tcrmlnutlon Again*! Carriers of I'laguc. .Memphis. Tcnn.. July 1.?Mayor Crump today authorized the payment ef five cents for every rat killed and brought to the Mayor's office. The city is to w.ige a fierce campaign against the rata. Ht I^ouls. uiy 1.?The State Hoard ef Health has ordered that all river towns move Immediately to extermin? ate the rats, to prevent tho possible spread of tho bubonic plague from the South. Charleston, s f\, Juiy i. City of fiel als arc preparing |e make ? hard fight to exterminate the rats in this city. Hohcrt Kelly, a folumbbi ??> t chant, formerly of Hartsvlllo. drank four ounces of carbolic n? Id in lb* lobby of a Columbia hotel Momlc end died within u few minutes. CROP CONDITION REPORT. ESTIMATED AT 70.? 1?EH CENT ON JUNK 25TH. Not ho Good as Last Year?Cotton Acrcwge In United States Et* Una ted at ;;o,w?o,immi Acres Against ST,?oe> 000 Lust Year. Washington. July 1.?The crop re? porting board of the department of agriculture today estimated the area of cotton In cultivation in tho United States as otJ.D?O.U00 acres against 07. 15X.000 last year. The condition of the crop on June 25 was estimated at 79.G, against 81.8 last year at this time. WILSON ON MEXICAN SITUATION. President Soys Thing* arc In as Good ShajH' us Possible Until Mcxicun Faction* (jet Together. Washington, July 1.?President Wilson today authorized the following statement regarding the Mexican sit? uation. "Things are in as good shape as they can ho until the Mexican factions tan get together. Further than this the president has nothing to say until tho factions get together." GENERAL PROSPERITY CERTAIN. A Tremendous Wheat Crop Will Bring a Flood of Gold From Eu? rope. Chicago, July 1.?Joseph Prltchnrd, the hoard of trade expert, today pre? dicted that the wheat crop this year would amount to '.tOO.oon.OOO bushels. This means the return of enormous quantities of money from abroad, the larger part of which will go into widespread cir illation, bringing witn it general prosperity in this countrv. The United States is now matting I wheat prices for the world. BBi EXPRESS COMPANY RE? TIRES. United States Company Transfers TratiH|>ortutloii Coiitructs to Other Com i mn ich. New York, June :;o.?After an un? interrupted service, of It years the United States Express company will retire from tho transportation busi? ness at midnight! the close of their floral year, ah railroad contracts have been transferred to other big express companies. AUTO WRECK AT OHWGEIIUHG. Three Men Hndl> Hurl Wbeii Car Turns Over. < Nmngt borg, June HO, Hlmon Itlch, an attorney; John Pike, a salesman; Wei. r.uii. a clerk, were badly injured this morning when their automobile skidded and turned turtle. pinning tho OCCUpnntS beneath. They were Iravellni >* rate sal to Bur Future Deutings From Muils und Interstate Tele? graph. Washington, Juno 29.?The hou>5e today substituted the Lever bill fcr regulation of cotton exchanges through prohibitive tuxes for the sen? ate measure, proposing regulation by niU'.nH of prohibiting the use of the mails and the telegraph for soeaUed gambling transactions. Tho houso put the bill through un? der suspersion of the rules by a vote of 81 to 21 und sent it to the senate. Jf tho senate fails to agree to tho fubsLituto in the difference! Will be tauen ui in conference. Senator Smith, author of the senate bill, is new campaigning in South Carolina, nnd consideration of the substitute may bo delayed until his return, though Senator Smith of Georgia or some other Southern senator may call it up in the meantime. Doth the senate and house meas? ures aim to regulate alleged evil prac? tices on the cotton exchanges which the cotton producers contend keep down the price of cotton. The sonata bill through the postolllce department and the interstate commerce commis? sion's jurisdiction over the telegraph would prohibit the transmission of quotations, and lists of sales of cotton that did not comply with the requir? monts as to standardization pre? scribed In the bill. Both bills would regulate, though they would not pro? hibit, transactions in future. The house bill relies on the gov? ernment taxing power instead of in? hibition of the mail and the telegraph, proposing a tax of $5 a bale on con? tracts that do not comply with the requirements. I No tax would be imposed on whjj^ are regarded as*legltimatc contracts. The measure would require that con? tracts mu?t be in writing; must speci? fy the quantity of cotton involved in each transaction und give names and addresses of buyers and sellers, with the basis grade of the cotton involve I. Other sections would provide tint the cotton must be Of or within the grades Specifically established by tho secretary of agriculture and that in case other than the basis grade is de? livered the differences above or be? low the contract price must be the actual commercial differences and not I tho difference arbitrarily fixed by the cotton exchanges, the commercial dif , ferences to be determined by the sec? retary of agriculture by comparison ! of prices of live spot cotton markets. A lively debate preceded the vote. I Democratic Leader Underw ood, favor ling the measure, pointed out that tho ?wiede proposition rested on the pro? posal that congress should either sup , press or regulate the cotton exchanges i of the country. ' Whatever, particular power you ess to enforce a liw " he said, 'is a secondary proposition, but there is no better power in the government than tho power to tax, which is III this bill. Tho Scott bill was intend? ed to wipe out the cotton exchange:}. The Lever bill is intended to regulate them, so as to wipe out the evils that j exist in the exchanges. In two dif? ferent congresses I have supported Ilegislation along the lines of tho Scott bill and tboy have been sent over to tne senate ami there have died In committee. A similar bill from this house at this time would moot a similar fate." "1 believe that the practices of the New York cotton exchange tost the Southern producers annually $100, ' 000,000t" declared Representative Lever, who Is author of the bill. "The purpose Of this bill is tf? elim? inate the practices which constitute BUCh :>'i cnonm.as burden. Any man voting against it puts himself in the attitude of favoring a continuance of practices that have been denounced in every cotton growing State in the Union." THE FATAL REVOLVER. Man Kills Another While Placing With Pistol. Black Mountain, July i. While ploying tvllh h revolver, Rarly Nensc a< ?? Mentally shol und killed I kick Hartley, early this morning. Pinewood to Observe Otli. Pinea mnI, ,iline ;: reason of their past cxperb co In governmentnl af? fairs. The people should look to iiunlitication."