Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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CJk ??tott Jjman ana Soutjjron. Wednesday aim! Saturday. ?BT? PUBLISHING COMPANY. t IUMTEH, a C. TnMi ? ll.lt per i an um?In advance. H Om Square am Insertion.$1.00 subsequent Insertion.60 Contract* for three months, or will ba made at reduced rates., communications which sub privat* latereeta will ba charged tar aa advertisement*. Obituaries and tributes of respect IrtU ha ohaxged for. The lomUr Watchman waa fouud sd ta lie* and the Tree Southron In lift. The Watchman and Southron new has the combined circulation end ef both of the old papers, la manifestly the beet advertising In tern tar. The race for the senate is bctwoen Senator Smith and Oov. Blease, with the odds in Smith's favor, but there Is no objection to a third candidate entering *he contest, if he has tho time and money to visit every county in the st?tc this summer. A third candidate entering the contest six months ago would have had a reason? able prospect of developing sufficient strength to make him a factor in tho race, but the line of battle has been formed and the majority of the voters have already made up their minds how they will vote. a ay a Senator Tillman's speech in the senate on tho tolls repeal bill shows that he has not forgotten John L. McLaurln, although he may have forgiven hnn e e e The men who wrote the Hay Pauncefote t.'eaty and tho framers ofj the section of the Democratic plat? form endorsing the free toll subsidy are the ones the Democrats should, condemn, rather than President Wil? son. The embarrassment the party Is I now facing as the result of President Wilson's demand that the party re? turn to Democratic principles was brought about by those men, not by President Wilson. TUE WHITE sot Til AND THE NE? GRO. J \i Open Appeal to President Mann of Che Southern Sociological Congress? ?-??Race Prejudice vs. Race Con ?cftousnca*? Is The White Working - man or the Negro the Handicap? ped Man??What Would Califor? nia Do? Hon. Wm. Hodges Mann, President Southern Sociological Congress. K.< hmond. Va, My Dear Governor: After giving very serious thought to the mattor for several days, I am writing to say that keenly as I ap? preciate your kindness in putting me on the committee on Livinr Condi? tions of ths Southern Sociological Congress at the recent meeting in Memphis, and deeply as I appreciate my re-election as a member of Its Executive Committee, I cannot now see my way clour to accept either ap? pointment unless we can make some changes in the present policlos of tho congress. I realise that my reasons may be misunderstood or even denounced as mere "prejudice" by many excellent people. I know that It is coming to be regarded as "old fashioned' and even ?'narrow" to object tn any tneusuro to the prevalent sentimental talk about the unlimited brotherhood of white and black or to protest in any way asainst tho making of one little breach ggesf unother In the partition wall that has heretofore separated tne races i real Ivo that even hero In South we have come almost universally to use tho term "ra? e pre? judice" whenever we mean race con? sciousness, and that thus our children are coming to regard ull race feeling as ? prejudice"?-and when we admit that any feeling is a ' prejudice" we admit that It Is something to be some? what ashamed of, and somethim; broader minds will outgrow. More? over, in all our meetings fof social betterment we sit still while philan? thropists from other sections and sen* tlmentallst? from our own section speak of race discrimination as being made agalnat "the color of the skin" or a kink In the hair. We sit still. I say. while white sentimentalists and negroes themselves insidiously spread the sentiment that there Is no legdeal or Christian basis for race dl* rim ination. forever reltera?ng that It is a matter of hue or hair, until our c hil? dren themselves forget that It is based on the fundamental differences be? tween a race with our age-long achievement In bwltdlng Hp I civil? isation und i met Which but yostor fsflg escaped from .\fri<an anvagery, Nevertheless, I should he false to my own sense of duty If I did n??t ap? peal to you to leesi when are, are go* ing. In the first place. I ought to explain that while I ittended some of the section ?i geseajggaj of the sonpeeaa la Atlanta last year, I AM not attend the general sessions or the race problem meetings, and it was not till I attend? ed this year's meetings in Memphis that I discovered that white men and white women, negro men and negro women, are all admitted on terms of equality as members and as partici? pants in the congress. At Memphis, moreover, the seating of both whites and negroes on the lirst floor and the crowding out of white ladies by ne? gro men, became so offensive (eul I turcd ladies from my own town, for example, wer-j escorted to their seats by a negro usher) that the local Mem? phis committee could not endure it. and passed a resolution asking the officers to Viavo the negroes seated separately n the lirst balcony. And then it wa* that "tho officers of the conference, * the daily papers said?I do noi know what officers, for you had Just left town, I believe, and so far as I know tho Executive Committee was not consulted?but at any rate, tho "officers," In order to keep the no gro members right with the whites, left the Orpheum Theater, which our Memphis hosts had provided, and ad? journed to a separate theater for a final meeting on the negro problem at which one white man, ono negro, and one mixed-breed entertained the mix? ed asscmbalge of members. Now, my dear governor, with all due deference to others, I cannot al? low the public to think that I am one of the "officers" responsible for such fantastic tricks before high high heaven?and I don't believe you want to be. I believe the time has I come to say that each race should have its own sociolocal organization, and if you will say so to the members, I believe they will follow your lead al? most to a man?and woman. And if for any reason you cannot do this, then with the utmost respect, you will please accept my resignation and appoint someone who believes in mix lad-race organisations and the natural consequence that white ladies are es- J corted to their seats by negro ushers ] or crowded out of the best seats by negro men. "Resist the beginnings" is a proverb as old as our era; and It is as wise to? day as when first uttered. You know the old Arab saying?that if you al? low the camel's nose in your tent, he a ill soon have his whole body in. Ot? to change the figure, if we allow Just this little 'breach and that little breach in the dike or levee that now separates the races, how long till the whole dike will be swept away? Xor do I believe for a minute that so wise and observant a man as you believes we can rest in fancied se? curity on the theory that the negroes are content with social conditions as they are. 1 have no doubt that many negroes today are perfectly sincere in saying that they do not want social equality. They know tho tace is too weak to get it. It is a universal rule that men seldom strive keenly for that which is absolutely beyond reach. They strive for tho next thing and then press on. When Andrew Car? negie was a poor working boy, he was not ambitious for a hundred mil? lion dollars. Ten thousand dollars was all ho wanted; but then he want* ec a hundred thousand; then a mil? lion; then a hundred million. Tho Congress at Memphis was soothed and lulled, of course, by ne? groes like Booker Washington, who tell us tho neuro has no desire for social mixing and who make us feel ashamed of our "prcjudico" against "tho color of a manfs ,skln"?-and tho white peoplo cheered and cheer? ed and went away satisfied. Hut let me tell you this, my dear governor: within forty-eight hours after tho whites in Memphis heard such messages as these from negro speakers, I went down to the Avery Chapel, the great negro church, and saw it packed to suffocation with ne? groes and mulattocs tired by an en? tirely different gospel?the doctrine that the negroes must break down ??very barrier and that every discrim? ination must be swept away until nothing stands in the way of inter ' marriage, negro offlee holding, or any? thing else. That is the doctrine preached by l>r. W. K. Du Hois, their ( bief speaker, (himself two-thirds i white) who declnres that one of the! OOXI things to work for is the repeal Of all laws that prohibit the inter? marriage of the races. It was the soothing voice of Washington that the whites heard at Memphis, but it was the vote* of DtlBohl that the negroes und mulattoes listened to, and ob? served, and carried away in their hearts, Are got the hands the b ind, of RtMMtj but the voice the voice of aa< Obi "Sensationalism." of eoiirso my ?tiths will toy; "Peace! Peace! Thou Is no danger." Perhaps there Ig no danger if oar white people da not let soft-heart cd sees run Into soft-headed nosnj but i say thai when cultured Southern white women, my neigh hon were escorted down the stale ni .Memphis i y an official negro usher, while a great sign above the mixed* race meeting nourished the sentimen? tal Kcncrulixutlun, MOor freed is Brotherhood/1 Its. ere inviting dnnger. ' All the more emphatically ?|o | say >>< when, one of these ladies herself said of tho colored delegates to the Memphis Conference, "Most of thorn are white.' And the friend who sat beside me at the Saturday night meet? ing looked up in the almost crowded negro gallery (we could not sec the negroes who were on the first lloor well) and said, "if you were to take out five dark negroes from that Oil wd, It would pass for a white gal? lery:" That Is the situation we have to face in the South?that while full blooded negroes might be content with this or that, there is an ocean of uncurbed and unresting white blood mixed with the black in our colored perulation; and thus the lives of the in moral white men, the traitors in1 our own ranks, may yet pull down tho whole temple of our race integrity unless we look well both to its ^re? servation and to their punishment. In your State of Virginia there was from 1890 to 1910 an actual de? crease of 64,811 black negroes and an Increase of 100,496 mulattoes. In a reighhoring county last month a friend said to me, "I know fourteen mixed-blood children in my town's white schools and there are a hundred und fifty in the schools of the county." Within two miles from my old home T know of three mulatto girls who have moved away and married white men. And if these things arc done in the green tree, what shall be done in tho dry? What shall happen if we let down the bars moro and more. Important as I believe social ser? vice is, I know no social service of I greater importance to the South, in | this day of increasing economic and j social perils, than that of preserving, the purity and integrity of the white race and the saving of the rural South to the white race, i Now, my dear governor, do not mis? understand me. God knows I would not be unjust to the negro. For the Shylocks and vultures of our own race who fatten financially upon his ignor-i ance and weakness I have nothing, but the utmost contempt and loath- j lug. For all who would oppress him! and keep him in peonage I have no j shadow of sympathy. I believe in I helping the negro and In being just to j him. But, sir, I also believe in help? ing and being just to the working white man of the South whose ances ton through centuries of toil wrought! out the civilization to which the ne-, gro himself owes the very peace, safety and prosperity he enjoys. And! I tell you that all in all the handi? capped man, the disadvantaged man, in the South today is not the,negro, but the laboring white man who must compete industrially with a raoe with lower living standards and whose white social life is impoverished if not imperilled by the universal sand? wiching of white and negro homes. The negroes not only have tho ad? vantage over tho white farmer of being able to buy land and make crops on a scale of living, clothing and housing the respectable white farmer and his family cannot meet, but tho negroes have the aditional ad? vantage that where negroes begin to outnumber the whites, or are of bad character, the whites may bo forced to surrender the whole community to the negroes because there is no longer an adequate white social life or for reasons of safety. This has happen? ed in thousands of cases. Hooker Washington himself blasts that in every Southern State cast of the Mississippi, except Florida, the ne? groes are gaining on the whites on tho farms and rural districts are be? coming blacker instead of whiter. In your own State of Virginia for ex? ample, ho boasts that while the ne? groes In the last census decade gained only 1 per cent in population, they gained 20 per cent In number of land? owners, the negroes in Virginia to? day owning three acres for every two! they rent. Now, Sir, if the negroes were gain? ing this advantage by virtue of a su perlor character and civilization, we should have no word of protest. But the> arc gaining chiefly because they will live in shabbier houses, eat moan? er food, wear dirtier clothes than is possible where the living standards of a white civilization are maintained,! and because negro landowners crowd? ing in among white farm families, without police protection, frequently force these white farmers away. It's tin unfair advantage, and I say that simply as a matter of fairness to the white man and not of unfairness to the negro, the best thought of the the South, and of stub organizations as the Southern Sociological Con? gress, should ba given to its solution. We should give rural white commu? nities, communities owned by our white farmers and their families, the right to segregate themselves, Ihe right to nay (under reasonable restrlc tins? that no more land in such com? munities should be sold to negroes, or else some other solution must be ' found. And yet in the fa<e of these con? ditions our race problem committee of the Southern Sociological congress, considers no phase of tho matter save that uffecllng the negro, The rural sections of the South are getting blacker Instead of whiter, the ne grocs nre gaining most rapidly In SoutKCarolii\ai A Full Literary, Scientific and Technical School for Youna Men i ins course leads to tho degree of Bsehel Offers the young men of the South tho best educat'onal advantages, under positive Christian influences, at the minimum expense. Pounded in 1 and holds a recognized position among the high-grade institutions of the South. Provides the ntnal Literary Coarse leading to the Degree of A. B. including Ancient and Modern Languages, English, History, Mathematics, Social and Political Economy. Oratory and Natural Sciences. Also a post? graduate course leading to the Degree of Master of Arts buildings, with fully equipped shops and laboratories, all necessary ap paratus and appliances, under a separate corps of experienced instructor Has the great advantage of being connected wit h a regular literary insti tution.- .^....o wr mu uagne or Bachelor of Science in E..2i? Heering, and constitutes n sound start for almost any indi. \ pursuit. The College, owns '.? splendid buildings of large pon*ruons and thorough equipment. Its Faculty of fifteen einlies? liaised specialists and tutors is large enough to insure the amount of personal instruction and individual attention so essential to tho best results. . The Campus life Is most wholesome, and tho traditions of honor and morality are high. There is no hazing. Athletics are endorsed and Gymnasium work is ompnlsory -B In late years has bees! foremost among tho South < arolma Colleges. The religious life is Ideal, and the moral and spiritual welfare of the student is the school's c ;;;?.-? concern--'. Certificates from accredited high-schools admit without examination. j^A prepara-** tory school department for high-school under grad? f equates. Next session opens September 17, ' For catalog\?e and particulars, address. Offers a four-year Cosrse in Electrica land Mechanical Engineering in seperate carefully supervised by tho Faculty. p Tho athletic work of Newberry Colleg Rev. J. Henry Harms, D. D., ? President/ ? 4 Newberry, S. C. farm ownership, while it is the white1 farmers who arc fastest becoming a I tenant class (188,000 gain in white, tenants or 27 per cent and only 118, 000 gain in negro tenant sor 21 per cent, and yet our Race Problem Con? ference could discuss nothing but "Hindrance to Negro, Progress." Why not a word about "Hindrance to White Progress?" I could not help but think of this: Suppose a million Chinese or Japan? ese had como into California, and they, were gaining on the whites in every farming county, running the white farmers out by their lower living standards and their undcsirability as neighbors; would you have a white Californians' conference discussing "Hindrances to the Yellow Man's Progress?" Or would they be looking after the preservation of their own white civilization, as they have shown themselves so abundantly able to do? Hut I must not further tax your patience. I have written you at length only because I wish you to be fully advised as to the reasons that inspire my course; and also because I wish the public to know that I am not one of "the officers" who forced the ob? jectionable conditions at the Memphis meeting. I am convinced (1) that we should not have mixed race organiza? tions and meetings in the South, and (2) that the Committee on Race Problems should be composed of men interested primarily in safeguarding the white man's social and industrial life?with justice to the negro of course. I sincerely trust that you are of the same opinion and will aid in bringing about these results; but if not, then with the utmost respect and with the utmost appreciation of your courtesies, I must tender my resignation as a member of both the committees heretofore indicated. Yours very respectfully, CLARENCE POE. Marriage License Record. A license to marry has been issued to Mr. T. C. Hey ward of Charlotte, N. C.i and Miss Emma E. Hurnwcll of Statcburg. Ward 1 Club Roll. The enrollment book of Ward 4 Club has been opened at the store of T. C. Sc.ffc, South Main Street, in charge of Charles Thames, Secretary, who will bo in attendance to enroll members during the following hours each day: I A. M. to 1 P. If., 2 P. M. to G P. M. and later on Saturday. W. Percy Smith, President. Juno 9, 1911. County Summer School. There will be a Summer School for Teachers held In the Hampton School building July 27th to August 21. Sub? jects to be taught: English, mathe? matics, primary methods and writing. Very particular attention will be given to the Palmer system of penmanship. The school will be in charge of Prof. s\ H. Edmundi and Miss Elisabeth McLean. For further Information write the County Superintendent. J. H. HAYNSWORTH, County Superintendent of Education. 000 BUSHELS?Good home raised white corn, 20 tons No. 1 baled pea vine hay well mixed with crab grass; also small farm mule we will sell cheap. Apply to Andrews Bros. Oswego, S. C. BEESWAX WANTED?Cash paid for good clean wax. N. G. Osteen. aaassesaseBaVn Dying and Cleaning By Experts. Lingerie Dresses, Silk Waists a Specialty. Panama Hats Cleaned and Reshaped. Prompt Service. Reasonable Kat 0S. We pay return postage, Send u*> your work. J. W. DOUGHTY, 1110 Taylor st. Col umbin, s. c. Frazer Fitting School ANDERSON, S. C. A Preparatory School for Boys. Located in the Piedmont Section; fully rtjolnpcj with modern facilities; large library covering all siihjms embraced in the curri? culum; faculty is composed of live experts in their respective de? partments. Students holding our <vrtilicate* are admitted to any College of the South. BOIW atldctics; thoroughness in work ahsolu tly required. No drones, luggai-ds, or moral degenerate- will be tolerated. Discipline is strict. ? For further information, or catalogue, Address y^Vm. H. FRAZER, D. D., Headmaster, Anderson, S. C^J Now is the Time If you've never had a Checking Account, or wish to increase yoor present facilities?to start an account with this hank. For SECURITY you have our Capital and Surplus of *250,000. About service, we refer you to our depositors. turn J Established 1889 THE BANK OF SUMTER ? 4 +???????????? H4 ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????<>? I Join the Regulars" You can join the "regular army" of savers by starting with a dollar bill an account at this bank. We'll be glad to help you with the saving idea. Start in a small way?it grows fast. The Peoples' Bank 1 ?M 1111olttt et MH "l'*'M I t ??-M A A M M% IM1111HI "Waste Not-Want Not" YOU are wasting energy in trying to carry financial details in your mind. It's the want of good banking service which forces such proceedure. The check Account system of this bank promotes economy, in? creases business prestige, and supplies the wants of many business men. I The First National Bank OF SUMTER mm??wmm?utmmmmmm?www?iiiiiMtmmniMiiiiuiiiirruuuuwu 1905 1914 In Every Department of Banking The Farmers' Bank & Trust Co. IS PREPARED TO SERVE YOU IN A SATISFACTORY MANNER Resources Over Three Quarters of a Million Dollars. ntmnmmn.ttittii?iiiittti?riiiiitiittiiitiiiiiiiitttiiiiiiiiiiiiimttmmiiiii44|t||y Lumber, Lime, Cement, BUILDING MATERIAL GENERALLY AND FEED OF ALL KINDS. Booth-Shuler Lumber & Supply Co. Successor! to Booth-Harby I Ivfl Stork Co. und Cenrral|l.umber Co. Geo. F.ppersort's Old Stcvrvd Opp. Court Jfouoo