The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, January 21, 1914, Image 8
MOON DEFIES PRESIDENT.
iiil\i> or iHKSTorru r. commit.
til FAVORS \ssisT\M POST
NMUR clum:.
Think* They Should not Come under
CUII vSerUeo and Attacks Wilson's
Position?S|H?uks HaisJily or Dip?
lomatie Corps.
Washington. Jan. 15.?Pcliafcc OfI
administration disapproval of the
post office appropriation ?*i 11 because
the pn.visi.'Hs eaemptliti all Mm -'.
400 assistant poM masters in the coun?
try from civil service was voiced In
the house debate on that measure
toduy \<\ K. piesentam e Moon ()f Ten
iif?t'(>, chairman of the postolhee
committee. He attacked the Amer?
ican diplomatic corps as "<i superflu oils
appendage of the republic," and "a
gang of political reprobates and so?
ciety degenerates that we ought to
wipe out of existence."
air. Moon aaid he had received I
letter from Postmaster General Hurle
s??n saying the president did not ap?
prove the section regarding assist?
ant post masters.
"This committee Is not here to bow
to the will of the president or of the
postmaster general on a question on
which they differ." he snld. ' No dom?
ination of the postmaster general or
threat of veto from the president
ought tt swerve us from the course
we believe to be right. The views ?>f
the president ami the postmaster gen?
eral, bow? \ er. lilUi'll tl 1 lespect
them. c?rtalnly will not control me
In my vote.''
Suggesting the possil-il.tv of over?
riding a veto of the bill, Mr. Moon
?aid he would have none but Dem?
ocrats on guard In the administration
of the government.
i
"If you wanted to make a mon?
archy of the r--public," he U'bled, "all
you would have to do would be to ap?
ply the civil sei \ li e to congress, tin
president and his cabinet."
Representative Moon declared the
consular s*M\iee consisted of all Re?
publicans.
"No man who In not worth Into mil?
lions of dollars can hold a position
In one of the great courts of Europe
um ambassador or minister," he con?
tinued. "Must tne leuders of society,
with the false glare and glitter or
their position, talseh represent the
sentiment of the American \.pie?
"Your whole diplomatic corps, in
the Interest of economy and good gov?
ernment, ought to he alioiuhed ? they
are of the house of lords of the
United States. They form a distinct
class that scarcely pay any regard \fi
senators who vote th dr continuation
when once they have approached the
throne of royalty." he said.
Representative Stecnerson of Min?
nesota also spoke, attacking the as?
sistant postmaster s se< n m.
in ili> ( Hi lte n hy HAI I I its r.
Washington Street HuptUt Church
Building to r,?? Completed Earlier
Than Ex|h>-totl?To luiunch |ly8M
Campaign.
Work on Washington Street P.ap
tint Church is piogresstng with sur?
prising rapidity. The contractor says
that his plans ire to complete the
work before May 1st. This Is several
months earlier thin the church ba
expected While they nr.- Pijoletd >t
the thought of having then- new
house so much earlier than they had
hoped, thev are greatly concerned
about the Increased tin mclal burden
which the eurly completion ol the
work Invo ves.
About $5,000 have alivadv b, ? n
paid. Plans by whi? h a goodly sum
will be borrowc,! will mat? rlali/.e |f|
a month or two Hut in addition to
all this, the church is face to lac ?
with the problem of raising f 5.???*'??
more by February. Conditions are
much worse than when the preacher
was coming to the little bo> s !e>us.
snd meat was out. It's more than a
gopher.
? ?f course UM amount will bt rais?
ed. What Is right and mu-n be. will
be. Hut Whether tre work of ruislng
It will be very hard or fairly easy de?
pends on the enthusiastic co-op. ra?
tion of e\er> memb.-r and many kind
friends. The was looks a little d irk,
but He who has directed so far will
not leave his work alone Plans are
now on foot which It is believed will
brtng mite?.??.*, itu*. it i-> \er\ aeeei1
sary that all members and friends ol
the church should be familiar wit!
th?m To the mary \et unpaid ami
un'iiad?. *ub*criptions of the members,
ami th* many voluntarv promise
kind friends M the outsub-. the eyes
of th* chun h are now hopefully turn?
ed
Full annoum ? tm tit of the prosp. ???
tlv? campaign for the Five Thousand
will be made at tlo? churell tomor?
row. This Will be followed by more
particular announcements in the pa
I i i next week
More t OftOS] (feed i rushed.
Washington. Jim. I?; Tin- govern
lurnt re|?ort shows !,##?,? If tons of
?otton seed crushed to December mit
against L\7.".'?. v?7 tons dining the pre
x,..tmi > car.
TAX REFORMS URGED.
COMPTROLLER GEXERAE JONES
si HMITS WM'AL REPORT.
Would Abolish ;i-Mill School 1 l| and
< route state Tax Commission?Prcs
00X1 M<mI<? <>r Taxation Vnt iipinted
lie says.
Columbia, Jan. if,?Repeal of the
eonetltutionol three?mlll school tax,
i roatlon of a tax commission of live
mem ben to have onargo <>f assessing
and equalisation of taxes. which'
would roplaOS the State hoard of BS?
SSSSjOfl and ths Statt- hoard of equal?
ization, are recommended by Comp?
troller Oenaral Jones In his report to
i ho General Assembly. Pointing out
the need of reformation in the tax
?ystoaii In* says in part'
"In 18H0 it appears from the Comp?
troller Qeneml'i report that the taxes
of the Stale amounted to a little leal
than $000,000, which was sufficient to
meet all public expenses. A large
amount Of this revenue was raised by
arbitrary per Capita tax on slaves,
Which ?mounted, in 1858, to nearly
four und a half times as much as the
taxes of the land in the State for
that year, so that the tax on land was
very small and amounted to a small
fraction of their value,
?Tin abolition of slavery by the
war necessitated an entirely new sys?
tem of taxation for the public need.
The total revenue of the State from
taxation for the fiscal year ending
October 1, 18G7. the last year before
the sjleill took Charge Of our revenue,
was 1410,10t, of which about $210,
000 was railed by taxes on real estate,
and the balance by income, license
and capitation taxes.
? our present system of raising MlC
amount necessary to run the govern?
ment by an ad valorem tax on the
value of all property in the Slat*' was
adopted by the Reconstruction Gov?
ernment, established in lxos, and we
have boon working under it ever since.
When the taxes so raised wa re insutll
eJant to the public necessity, together
with the rapacious demand Ol those in
control of the administration of our
government, the needs were met by
rep sated bond issues. Increasing the
bonded indebtedness of the State until
it became practically bankrupt prior
to the politic;.! revolution of 187G.
" After the Inauguration of Governor
Hampton in 1877 the annual expenses
of the State government were, for
some twenty years, until lVjs, kept
within the amount of the State's an?
nual Income,
"Bat in 1897 the expenditures for
all purposes of the St. te government
Wort $0*0,103.0, which left a BUrplUI
Of revenue from taxation, in SXCOSS Of
expenditures of $101,010.04. The
growth of the State about this time,
its increase in population and from
? aber causes created an increase in
the public demand for improvements.
The extension of State charities and
educational Institutions, as well as th<
Increased coal of administering Jus
t ice. contributed to this result.
"in iv.**. for Instance, we had only
? Ight Circuit judges and three Su
prem< Court Judges, who succeeded
in easily disposing of all the judh ia!
business, with the assistance of eight
solicitors and tlu corresponding court
officers. Since that time we have ln?
creased our judicial machinery BO per
cent, oo that we now have twelve clr
OUU Judges and live Supreme CouH
Judges, with twelve SOllCtOrs, and a
corresponding increase of other court
OfHeora, besides innumerable special
judges appointed from time to time.
??The sxpensoi ,,f the statt- Hospital
for the Insane have increased from
about $100,000 in 1101 t ? about $::?><>.
$04 In 101 '?. Appropriation for educa?
tional purposes has Inert SSO d In some?
what the .same proportion, So that
you appropriated in ion $1,167,117.01
ami are asked to aproprlato at tic
present session of your body a round
sum of about $1,000,000 to cover the
state's expenses, while only $400,000
was necessary for this purpose in
1840 and less than $1.000,000 in 187.
Now. these annual expenses arc
not going to be reduced anil they must
continue t< Increase with the growth
of the State.
"These figure! show the necessity oi
your devising a practical system b\
which 'his I VOnUO can be squltabl)
raised so that taxpayers ami each dol?
lar of property shall bear its just
ihare of the burden ami no more,
The Inequalities of the present an
so well established that it is unnee*
senary to detail them. No equltabh
system can be devised unless you ox
certain the aotuul value ol all prop?
erty to be taxed, it is Impossible to
secure an assessment of the exact vgl?
Ue, thus It can be SOOUred approxi?
mately.
"The pei.pl?> dread an assessment at
tine value for fear that it tiny let
the lawmakers pee the real value o1
their proper ... a id SUeh VhlUCg should
tu? once placed on the tax books
your honorable body would bo led to
make an appropriation that would t ix
them to the limit of their capacity Of
not retime the present rate of lovy.
"They also fear that tiny would be
l ived more for educational purposes
than necessity on account of the
arbitrary constitutional tin, ? mill,
6 DAYS CLEARANCE SALE. I
I As we will be remodeling our store next week and making room j[
? for the great event of Spring, 1914, which will be our I
I White Sale of Ladies', Misses and Children's Ready-to- ?
I Wear?Watch for date later. During Sale next week: 1
I $14.75 buys any Coat Suit up to $40.00 j
I $9.75 buys any Coat Suit up to $25.00 f
1 $6.98 buys any Coat Suit up to $15.00 4
% Special prices will prevail on our entire stock as this X
I is a genuine cleanup to make ready for remodeling our *
I store. Come and see special table displays. %
McCOLLUM BROS. I
school tax, which now raises 1888,
000. For if property were assessed
I
at actual value, this constitutional
levy would treble, or raise more than
two and a half million dollars, and
they are un A dling to risk being
forced to nay an unjust and unneces?
sary amount >f taxes.
"1, therefore, renew my recommen?
dation heretofore made that you pro?
vide for the submission to the people
Of an amendment to the constitution
providing for a removal of the consti?
tutional school tax so as to leave the
amount to be appropriated for school
purposes to the discretion of the legis?
lature, as the value- of the property
and schools vary from time to time.
FORECAST NEW REVOLUTION.
_ i
Refugees Say Movement Is Against
Federals and Hebels.
Douglas, Ari/., Jan. 16.?Refugees
who today arrived here from ojinaga.
predicted that a new revolution, di?
rected against both the Constitution?
alists and the Huerta government,
would he proclaimed in Northeastern
Mexico ;is soon as (It'll. Francisco Vil?
la's army starts on its march to Mex?
ico City. The refugees said the State
of DurangO was the stronghold of
the movement, which was backed by
former adherents of Portirio Diaz.
Inflammatory literature being cir?
culated in Durango refers to the Con?
stitutionalists as "Coehinadistas," lit?
erally meaning "akin to swine."
ROASTFl) IN APARTMENT HOUSE.
ftfour People Perish and Six injured In
Brockton, Mass., lire.
Brockton, Mass., Jan. IT.?iFour
persons were burned to death and
two fatally and four seriously injured
early today in an apartment house
lire. Mrs. Mary Monahan, her son
William, Crawford Lementhal, and
an unidentified man were the victims.
The tire started in the dumb waiter.
News gOd Views From PUgSh.
Plagahi Jan. 1 ft.?-From spring to
winter within twenty-four hours with?
out the least weather disturbance WOJ
what we experienced last Saturday to
Sunday. This shows the wonderful
Changes our climate is now subject to.
The Weather for some time has been
tine for hog killing and nearly all
hogs have been butchered, Prom
what I can hear greater efforts will be
made to increase the hog crop more
than h;is been made in the past. The
coming of the boll weevil should put
our people on guard to meet it by ma
depending on cotton for everything,
Some work is being done on the
farms. Labor is scarce and high ami
what is to hire is of the poor kind.
I think the staple crops will be about
as last year, With greater attention'
to corn than heretofore, Much at?
tention lias been paid to coin for
.-ome years, and as a result tin white
people here base enough to do them
and some corn to spare. This lu
much better than to buy western corn
Mr. B. B, Itembert'i now home Is
about finished. It is a pretty build?
ing built of concrete and erected on
the same place where Iiis other house'
Was burned. An inspection of it
?hows that it is conveniently ai
ranged and up-to-date,
Miss Madge Hogers spent Katurday
and Sunday in Sumter visiting her
cousin, Mis. U, l. Montague and oth?
er relatives.
if some of the editors in this State
would read the speeches and criticisms
of Mr. Mann in the Congressional
Record they would set- bow to answer
argument and criticism without be?
ing personal, lie is the brilliant Re?
publican minority leader.
Havana, Jan. 16, ?A wireless from
id' i, in, hip h.inia reports that she
will arrive Una afternoon. There have
i t i n feu i s foi her safety.
AMENDMENT INTRODUCED TO
STIMULATE SHERMAN ANTI?
TRUST ACT.
Measure Introduced by Stanley Strikes
at Hulc off Reason?Meets Presi?
dents Wish to Rcdnoo Debatable
Ground*
Washington! Jan. 16.? Representa?
tive Stanley, of Kentucky, after a
conference with President Wilson, In?
troduced late today an amendment to
the Sherman law, which would make
Illegal monopolisation or restraint oi*
trade "in any degree/' strlnklng at tin
"rule of reason/' laid down by the Su?
preme Court in the Standard < >il case.
The amendment also would invest
United States Circuit Courts with ju?
risdiction to restrain and prevent vio?
lations of the Act, irrespective of the
Attorney General. It was drawn to
meet the wish of the president) ex?
pressed in his last message to Con?
gress, to reduce the debatable area
surrounding the Sherman Act. Repre?
sentative Stanley today discussed tie
' measure with the president.
The Kentucky Congressman, who
was chairman of the .special commit
] tee which investigated the United
States Steel Corporation, does not of?
fer the measure as an administration
1 amendment, but believes it will be oi'
service to the committees id' congress
which will draft the anti-trust legis?
lation after the president's special
i trust message is delivered.
The Stanley bill would amend the
Second and fourth sections of *he
Sherman law.
In Section 2, in which the Supreme
Court injected the "rule of reason,"
the words "in any degree" are Insert?
ed BO that the section would read:
"Every person who shall monopolize
or attempt to monopolize in any de?
gree any part of the tra b- or com?
merce among the several State:-, or
' with foreign nations, shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, and n con?
viction thereof shall be punished by
fine noi exceeding $5,000 or by im?
prisonment not exceeding one year, or
by both said punishments, in the dis?
cretion of the court."
Discussing that portion of Chief Jus?
tice White's decision which relates to
unreasonable restraint of trade, Rep?
resentative Stanley tonight said he
already regarded it as unnecessary to
' the decision and, therefore, not law.
Concerning the question of jurisdic?
tion in cases of violation of tin- anli
j trust law, .Mr. Stanley said his amend?
ment would make Impossible any In?
action under the Act, la-cause remedy
would be open to all.
"The provision in Section 1 of the
present Act requiring all actions to be
brought by the Attorney General," he
sail, "has done more to render the
Sherman Act Ineffective than almost
any other thing. The Sherman Act
has at tunes been a dead letter, be?
cause some Attorney General happen?
ed to regard it with Indifference or
hostility.
"The merger of the Tennessee foal
and Iron Company and the United
States steel Corporation, in my opin?
ion, would have been Impossible had
ii not been lor the fact that President
Roosevelt advised the Attorney Gen?
eral not to lake action in the matter,
and no other official could Industries
affected by combinations in restraint
of trade should have the same right
to Invoke the court to protect them
from the menace of monopoly thai
they now have to protect themselves
from Injury by an indiv idual."
As if is proposed to amend it. this
section of the Sherman Act would
l ead :
"The several circuit courts of tin
United States are hereby Invested with
jurisdiction to prevent and restrain
violations of this Act; and it shall be
i be dm v of i be several dlsl i icl at tor
neys id Ihe I nlted States in iIn n- re
spectlve districts to Institute proceed
Inge In equity to prevent und restrain
such violations.
"Such proceedings may ho by way
of petition setting forth the case rind
praying that such violation shall be
enjoined or otherwise prohibited.
When the partiei complained of shall
have been duly notified of such pe?
tition the court shall proceed as soon
as may he to the hearing and determi?
nation of the case; and pending such
petition, and before the lina.1 decree,
the court may at any time make such
temporary restraining ordi r or pro*
hlbltion as shall be deemed just In
the premises.
"Any person who shall be injured in
his business or property, or shall be
threatened with such injury, by any
other person or corporation by reason
of anything forbidden or declared to
be unlawful by this Act, may bring
suit in equity in any district court of
the United States, in the district of
Which the defendant resides or is
found, to prevent and restrain viola?
tions of this Act and for other ap?
propriate relief.
?*All evidence showing, or tending
to show, that such restraint was par?
tial, or that it was not undue or un?
reasonable, shall be admissible for
the purpose of determining the quan
tum of damages or the character of
the punishment to be indicted and for
no other."
The amendment will be taken up by
the judiciary committee when it begins
drafting anti-trust hills after Presi?
de nt Wilson has delivered his inessage.
St nator Xowlands, chairman of the
' interstate commerce committee, which
will have jurisdiction over this legls
tation in the senate, today said the
Democratic members of Iiis commtt
I lee w uild consider the proposed leg?
islation soon after the president ad
' dressed congress.
lttS A WAR3I YEAR.
General Summary of Weather Condi?
tions During the Year It IS,
Columbia, Jan. 15.?The year 191:;
] was somewhat warmer than the av
' rage. The opening month wa.
mild, witli a mean temperature but
?lightly below that of the warmest
January in 1890. Temperatures con?
tinued above the seasonal average
until the close of March, followed by
a series of monthly deficiencies and
excesses until the close of August.
'with, two notable periods of enervat?
ing heat in July. The autumn months
were coolel than usual, ami the win
t< r of 1 1;:-1 t openeil mild.
The last general spring killing frost
occurred on March 28; autumn killing
frosts occurred over w ide areas of the
section on 1 Ictober 22 and November
10. The average latest spring kill
in- froSt date of the section for 1913
was March Is, or 1 days earlier than
normal; average earliest autumn kill?
ing frost date, October 28, or 1:: dayr
earlier than normal. The growing sea?
son for the section as a Whole was
124 days in length, or .lays less than
the average.
Precipitation showed n?> great de?
parture from the normal until Mart h,
during which month the amounts
ranged close to that of tin- Wet
March of 1891, and heavy rains from
the 13th to the 16th were followed bj
general Hoods in the San tee and Pet
Dec river systems, attended by much
unavoidable damage to property, ac
mentioned elsewhere. A peculiar ab?
sence of ample or wall distributed
rainfal' in the middle ami lower Sa?
vannah drainage area and "in many
of the interior and coast Counties
marked the period between the close
of March and ihe close of Septem?
ber; ,\ 1 a consequence, these districts
show a general deficiency of precipita?
tion for the year, while excesses were
unite general in the northern coun?
ties ami m the northeastern coast dis?
tricts. Moderate freshets in the Wfl
i. n e ami Santcc rivers in Septcmbei
and In the Wateree, Santee and Pee
Dee rivers In November were attended
by but slight damage. Local storms
I were quite numerous during May,
j June and August, when considerable
damage to property resulted from sev?
eral tornadoes and seven persons lost
j their lives through violent windstorms
j and lightning.
During the growing season, March
to September, inclusive, the rainfall
ranged about one-half inch below the
'seasonal average; deducting the March
excess, this deficiency would be over
1 inches.
Annual mean temperature, 63.8 de?
grees, or 0.9 degree above the 17
year normal, 2.7 degrees above the
i lowest mean of 1901 and 1.1 degrees
j below the highest mean of It 11. The
, warmest month was July, with a mean
I of 81.9 degrees, or 2 degrees above
J the normal; coldest month, Febru?
ary, with a mean of 48.9 degrees, or
1.3 degrees above the normal. Highest
annual mean temperature, 66.4 de?
crees at Charleston; lowest, 60.1 de?
grees at Greenville, Greenville county.
Highest temperature, 109 degrees at
Greenwood county, and Santuck,
Union county, on July 19, or within 1
degree of the highest section record,
which was 110 degrees at Chester,
Chester county, on July 18, 1887. Low?
est temperature, 16 degrees above
zero at Bowman, Orangeburg county,
on December 10, a reading as high as
the highest section minimum during
the previous 26 years.
Average annual precipitation, 47.57
inches, or 0.53 inch below the normal
determined for 27 years, 7.77 inches
above the lowest section average in
1911 and 7.41 inches below the high?
est section average in 1901. Greatest
amount at any single station, 59.05
inches at Smith Mills, Williamsbarg
county; least amount, 36.18 inches at
Columbia, Hichland county. Great?
est monthly amount at any single sta?
tion, 12.30 inches at Bowman, Or?
angeburg county, in March; least
amount, 0.10 inch at Little Mountain,
Xewberry County, in April. Average
number of days with measurable pre?
cipitation, IS; greatest number at any
single station, 131 at Ohcraw, Ches?
terfield county; least number, 60 at
Alken, Alken county, ami Little Moun?
tain, Xewberry county.
Snowfall in measurable quantities
occurred as follows: Catawba, York
c ounty. 0.3 inch for the year; Pelzer,
Anderson county, 0.2; Spartanburg,
Spartanburg county, l.( ; Winthrop
college, Kock Hill, York county, 0.5.
Aevareg number of clear days dur?
ing the year, 1S1; partly cloudy, II;
cloudy, los.
The prevailing winds were from the
southwest and west.
Kichard H. Sullivan.
Section Directed*.
TWO DAY SPEECH.
On Alaska Railroad Question is Com.
ploted lk-fore Senate.
Washington, Jan 16.?Reclamation
projects in the West. .Mississippi riv?
er control si homes and other sub?
jects entered into the debate of the
Alaska Railway bill in the senate to?
day. Senator Rorah, of Idaho, precipi?
tated the digression wit ? an amend?
ment to the pending bid which pr? -
vides $50,000,000 as a government loan
to carry forward arid land reclama?
tion projects already \ ader way,
Senator Walsh, oi Montana, Con?
cluded bis two day speech in support
of the railroad bill, and Senator Ro?
rah added to the mass of figures an ?
statistics already presented.
l ire in WayneslHiro. <;?. ?
Waynesboro, da., Jan. i ?FYsssh
Brlnson's sales stable were burnt d
this morning. Eighteen horses a id
mules were burned to death an I a
large supply Of feed stuffs was destr ey?
ed. Two automobiles w ere burnt d.
The tire is believed of incendiar) oii
gin.