Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Photo (? br American Preea Association. PRESIDENT WILSON Washington, D. a?In tils message, delivered at a Joint session of the booses of congress at the beginning of toe second ?ession of the Sixty-third coagreas. President Wilson urged tin mediate currency legislation, devoted considerable spuce to the needs of the farmers and referred to the Mexican crisis. Tbe Sherman anti-trust law, be sakl. should be changed so that Its exsct meaiitng would be clearer. Tbe president also urged the choice of presidential nominees by tbe direct PRIMARY NOMINATIONS FOR THE PRESIDENCY. I urge the prompt enactment ef legislation which will provide for primary elections through? out the country at which the voters of the aeveral partiaa may cheoao their nominees for tho presidency without the interven? tion of nominating eonventiona. I vonturo the auggaation that thia legialation ahould provide for the retention of party eonventiona, but only for tho purpose of de? claring and aooepting the ver diot of tho primaries and formu? lating the platforms of the par? ties, and I suggest that these conventions should consist not of delegates chosen for thia ein gle purpose, but of the nominees for oongroaa, tho nominee* for vacant aeata in the senate of the United St,i tee, the senators whose terms have not yet closed, the national committees and the candidates for the presidency themselves, in order that plat forma may be framed by those responsible to the people for car? rying them into effect. of* of the people expressed nt no? taries. The nieasags in full is us fob em Gent lees en of the Congress-- In pur janea of my rouatltu*?)nal duly r ? "giro to the congress information of the Itatfl of tbe Union" I take tbe lib? erty of addressing yon on several mat? ters which ought, as it seems to me, particularly to engage tbe attcntiou of your honorable body, as of all woo study the welfare and progress of the nation. I shall ask your indulgence If I ven? ture to depart In some degree from tbe usual custom of setting before you in formal review the many matters which have eiiga-zisl tin* attention and called for tbe action of tbe several depart? ments of the government or which look to them for early treatment In the future, because tbe list is long, very loug, and would suffer in tbe nb brevlstl >u to wblch I should have to subject lt. I shall submit to you tbe reports of tbe heads of several depart? ments In whl< h these subjects are set forth In careful details and beg that they may leceive tbe thoughtful atten? tion of your committees sud of all members of tbe congress who may have tbe leisure to attidy them. Their obvious Importuuce, as constituting tbe very substance of tbe business of the gorsrnment. mnkes comment and ein p has la ou tny part unnecessary. WANTS TREATIES RATIFIED. Aseerte That United Statoa Leade In Paare Negotiations. The country. I am thankful to say. Is ?t peace wltb all the world, and many happy muulfestatlous multiply about us of a growing cordiality and souse of community of Interest among tbe na? tions, totnsnadott ing an nge of settled peace and good will. More and innre readily each decade do tho nations manifest their willingness to bind them selves !>/ solemn treaty to the psng ease* of peace, tbe processes of frank? ness snd fair concession. So far the ' nlted States has stood at the fi?nt of such nsgotiatioua. She will. 1 earnest? ly hope and confidently believe, give fresh proof of her sincere artnerenee to tho cause of International friendship by ratifying the several treaties of ar? bitration awaltlug n*newal by the sen? ate. In addition to these It has been the privilege of tbe department of state to train the assent, in principle, of no loss thau thirty one nations, representing four fifths of tin* po|inintlon of the world, to Um fteejOttateUa of treaties by which It shall be Igrajad ttMl \vticie\er differences of interest or of policy arise wblcb cannot hi fugntvid to the Ofdt> nsry processes of diplomacy they shall be publicly annhzul. dfcM sSS?sd and re? ported upon by a tribunal ilm^n by tbe parties before either aatksi letnf minea Its course of action. There U only one possible Standard by which to d tennme contTovsriles between, the United States and other nation.*, and that h COSnpOUIMled of these two elements OQ* own honor sud our abllgatlona In the pouts of the world. A test so toen pounded might ea-'ly to be BbWM to ga/Vgrg bott the PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE TO CONGRESS :: Chief Executive Discusses (he Mexican Crisis, (he Currency Bill, the Sherman Law, Nomi? nation of President by Direct Vote at Primaries and Other Natters of Importance. establishment of new treaty obliga? tions and the interpretation of those ulreudy assumed. HUERTA MUST GO. Prsdicts Downfall of "Usurper" Who "Cast Aside Even Pretense of Legal Right and Declared Himself Dicta tor." There Is but one cloud upon our hori- ! son. That has shown itself to the south of us uud bungs over Mexico. There can bo no certain prospect of peace In America until General Huetta has surrendered his usurped authority in Mexico. UuUl it is understood 00 all hands. Indeed, such pretended gov? ernments will not be countenanced or deult with by the government of Ue United States. We are tho friends of constitutional government in America. We are more than Its friends; we are Its champions, because in no other way can our neighbors to whom we would wish In every O/ny to make proof of our friendship work out their own development iu pcuce and liberty. Mexico has no government. The at- 1 tempt to maintain ono at the City of' Mexico has broken down, and a mere ? military despotism has been set up { which has hardly more than the sem? blance of national authority. It orlgi i uated in the usurpation of Vlctoriano j Huerta, who, after a brief attempt to play the part of constitutional presi? dent, has at last cast aside even the pretense of legal right and declared himself dictator. As a consequence a condition of affairs now exists in Mex? ico which has made It doubtful wheth? er even the most elementary and fund? amental rights either of her own peo? ple or of the citizens of other coun? tries resident within her territory can long b*? successfully safeguarded and which threatens if long continued to Imperil tho Interests ef pta?O, ?rder \ nnd latStabil 'ife in (he Is mis imme? diately to the SOOth of us. Kven if the usurper had <iK'eoeded i in his purposes, in despite o. the con j sti+ution of the republic and the rights] of K<? people, he would have set up' nothing but a precarious and hateful j power wMch could have lasted but a | little while ond whose eventual down-j fall would have loft the country in a' more deplorable condition than ever. Hut he has not succeeded. He has for- \ felted the respect and the moral sup-. port even of those who were at one I time willing to see him succeed. Little ' by little be has been completely Isolat- i ed. Uy a little every day his power and prestige are crumbling, nnd the| collapse Is not far away. We shall i not I believe, be obliged to alter our| policy of watchful waiting. And then, j when tho end comes, we shall hope to see constitutional order restored In dls Weened Mexico by the concert and on er?y of such of her leaders as prefer, the liberty of their peoplo to their own ambitious. VIEWS ON CURRENCY BILL j Urges Measure That Will Prove Bene? fit to Farmere?Hopea For Quick Ac? tion. I turn to matters of domestic con? cern. You already have under consld eratlon a bill for the reform of otir system of bunking and currency, for whlc? the country waits with itnpa tleuoe, as for something fundamental to its >*hole business life and necessa ry to set credit free from arbitrary and artlliclal restraints. 1 need not say how earnestly 1 hope for its early Sfljftnisnl Into law. I take leave to bag that the whole energy and atten? tion of the senate be concentrated upon It till the matter Is successfully disposed of. And yet I feel that the request is not needed-that the mem? bers of that greut house need no urg? ing In this service to the country. I present to you in addition the ur? gent necessity that special provision l>o made also for facilitating the credits needed by tho fanners of the country. The ponding currency bill does the farmers a great service. It puts them upon un cipial footing with other busi? ness men and masters of enterprise, as It should, and upon Its passage thev will tind themselves quit Of many of the difficulties which now hamper them la the held of credit. The fanners of course ask and should be given tu? spe? cial privilege, such as sxtending to them the credit of the government itself, what they need and should ob? tain is legislation which Will make their own abundant and substantial credit resources available as a foun? dntldn lot Joint, concerted, local ac? tion In their own behalf in letting the capital they must use. It Is to this we should now address ourselves. it has. singularly enough, come to pass that a i have allowed the Indus? try of ear farms to lag behind the other activities of the country In Its dev. n i i,f i need not stop to toll 3011 boar fundniueutal to the lifo of lbs nation is tbe production of Its food. Our thoughts may ordinarily bo con? centrated U|K)n the cities nnd the hives of industry, upon the cries of tbe crowded market place nnd the clangor of the factory, but It is from the quiet Interspaces ?d Iho open valleys and tbe free hillside; that we draw the sources of life and of prosperity, from the 1 farm and the ranch, from the forest and the mine. Without these every ! street would be silent, every office de- ' letted, every factory talien into disre? pair. And yet the farmer does not stand QpOO the same footing with the fores- J tor nnd the miner in the market of 1 credit. lie is the servant of the sea? sons. Nature determines how long he must wait for his crops and will not 1 be hurried in her processes. Ue may give bis note, but the season of its j maturity depends upon the season when his crop mutures and lies at the gates of the market where his prod? ucts are sold. And the security he gives is of a character not known in the broker's office or as familiarly as It might be ou tho counter of tbe banker. The agricultural department of the government is seeking to assist as never before to make farming an efli clent business, of wide co-operative ef? fort, in quick touch with the markets for foodstuffs. Tbe farmers and the government will henceforth work to? gether as real partners in this field, where wo now begin to see our way very clearly and Where many intelll- j gent plans are already bei ng put iuto ! execution. The treasury of the United States' has by a timely and well considered ' distribution of Its deposits* facilitated the moving of the crops in the present pat?0P and prevented the scarcity of | available funds too often experienced at such times. Hut wo mint not allow ourselves to depend upot; extraordl ! nary expedients. We must add tbe j Btaani by which the farmer may make Ml credit constantly nnd easily avail? able and command when he will the capital by which to support and ex pan 1 bis business. We lag behind many other great countries of the mod ?IH world in attempting to do this | Systems of rural credit have been j stiuiled and developed on the other side of the water while we left our farriers to shift for themselves in the ordinary money mnrket. You have but to look about you in any rural dis? trict to see the result, the handicap and embarrassment which have been put upon those who produce our food. Conscious of this backwardness and neglect on our part, the congress re? cently authorized the creation of a special commission to stud;.' the vari? ous systems of rural credit which have been put into operation In Europe, and this cointuUsh n Is altsudl prepared to report.. Its report ought to make It ist er for us to determine What math* Ods will be best Suited tt our own fanners* I hops' and ballere that tbe committees of the senate ind bouse will address themselves to tills matter with the uiost fruitful results, nnd I believe that the studies anl recently formed plans of the departn ent of ag URGES CURRENCY REFORM TO BENEFIT THE FARMER. President Wilson in hit mes? sage urges the immediate pas? sage of currency legislation. Me asserts that business interests of tho nation are waiting on ".he ex? pected law before makinp large new investments or developing resources. The president alto calls attention to conditions as they exist at present, which make it very difficult f>r the farmer to finance his cro). He urges in his annual messnco pro? visions that will safegua-d the farmer, help his credit and pre? vent a repetition of the neces? sity for the governmemnt to de? posit large sums of money in the southern and western states so as to aid the producer, us was the case last fall. riculture may be made to serve them very greatly in their work ol framing appropriate and adequate legislation. It would be indiscreet und presump tuotis in any one to dogmatize upon so great and many sided a question, but 1 feel confident that common couusel will produce the roiuU ? we must all desire. UPHOLDS ANTI-TRUST LAW. Recommenda That It Be Supplemented With More Explicit Legislation to Facilitate Its Administration. Turn from the farm to the world of business which centers in the city and in the factory, and I think that all thoughtful observers will agree that the Immediate service wo owe the business communities' of the country is to prevent private monopoly more effectually than it has yet been pre rented i think it win be easily agreed that we should let the Bberuinn anti? trust law stand, unaltered, as it Is, with its debatable ground about it. but that we should as much as | ossl hle reduce the area of that debatable ground by further and more explicit legislation, and should also supplement that great act by legislation which will not only clarify it hut also facili? tate its administration and make it fairer to all concerned, No doubt we shall all wish, ami the country will expect, this to be the central sub.Jo t of our deliberations (luting the present session, hut It Is a RUhjecl so many sided ami so deserv? ing of careful and discriminating dis cusslon that I shall take the liberty of nddresstnj you upou it in a special message ,it a later date than this It Is of capital importance thai the busl lie men of this country should be re licVed of all uncertainties of law with regard to their enterprises and invest? ments and a clear path Indicated Which they can travel without anxiety. 1 It is as important that they should be relieved of embarrassment and set free to prosper as that private monop- ; oly should be destroyed. The ways of action should be thrown wide opeu. FAVORS DIRECT ELECTIONS. Would Retain Conventions, Delegates to Be Nominees For Office, Whose Duty It Would Be to Frame Plat? forms. 1 turn to a subject which 1 hope can bo handled promptly and without seri? ous controversy of any kind. 1 mean the method of selecting nominees for the presidency of the United States. 1 feel confident that I do not misinter? pret the wishes or the expectations of the country when I urge the prompt euactment of legislation which will provide for primary elections through- i out the country at which the voters of j the several parties may choose their nominees for the presidency without the intervention of nominating conven? tions. 1 venture the suggestion that ' this legislation should provide for the retentiou of party conventions, but ouly for the purpose of declaring and accepting the verdict of the primaries and formulating the platforms of the parties, aud 1 suggest that these con ventlons should consist not of dele gates c'.iosen for this single purpose, but of the nominees for congress, the nominees for vacant seats in the sen ate of the United States, the senators whose terms have not yet closed, the national committees and the candi? dates for the presidency themselves, in order that platforms may be framed by those responsible to the people for carrying them into effect PHILIPPINE CONTROL. Must Hold Ultimate Independence In 1 View and Strive to Fit Filipinos For Self Government at Future Date. These are all matters of vital do mestlc concern, and besides them, out? side the charmed circle of our own na? tional life in which our affections com mand us, as Well as our consciences, there stand out our obligations toward our territories over sea. Here we are trustees. Porto Rico. Hawaii, the Phil? ippines, are ours, indeed, but not ours to do what we please with. Such ter ritorles, once regarded as mere posses? sions, are no longer to be selfishly ex? ploited; they nre part of the domain of public conscience and of serviceable and enlightened statesmanship. We must administer them for the people who live lu them and with the same sense of responsibility to them as toward our own people in our domestic nffairs. No doubt We shall sue. ? fully enough bind Porto Rico and the RawMan Islands to ourselves by ties * Justice nnd Interest and affection. 4t the porfannanca of our duty to ward the Philippines Is a more diffi? cult and debatable matter. We can satisfy the obligations of generous jus? tice toward the people of Porto lllco by giving the ample and familiar rights and privileges accorded our own citizens in our own territories and our obligations toward the people of fla wail by perfecting the provisions for self government already granted them, but In the Philippines wo must go fur tber. We must hold steadily in view their ultimate Independence, and we must move toward the time of that Independence as steadily as the way can be cleared and the foundations thoughtfully and permanently laid. Acting under the authority conferred upon the president by congress. I have already accorded the people of the Is lands a majority In both houses of! their legislative body by appointing five Instead of four native citizens to the membership of the commission. 1 believe that in this way we shall make proof of their capacity in counsel and their sense of responsibility In the ex? ercise of political power and that the success of this step will be sure to clear our view for the steps which are to follow. Step by step we should extend and perfect the system of self government in the Islands, making test of them and modifying them as experience discloses their successes and their failures; that we should more and more put under the control of the native citizens of the archipelago the essential instruments of their life, their local Instrumentali? ties of government their schools, all the common interests of their commu? nities and so by counsel and experience set up a government which all the world will set? to be suitable to a peo? ple whose affairs are under their own control. At last, I hope and believe, we are beginning to gain the confidence of the Filipino peoples. By their counsel and experience, rather than by our own, we shall learn how best to servo them Blld how soon It will bo possible and wise to withdraw our supervision. Let us once find the path and set out with firm and confident tread upon It, and we shall not wander from it or linger upon it. PROBLEM IN ALASKA. Urges Development by Nation of Nat? ural Recources and Full Territorial Form of Govornment. A duty faces US with regard to Alas? ka which seeins to me very pressing and Very imperative; perhaps 1 should say II double duty, for it concerns both the political nnd Iho material develop ment of the territory. The people of Alaska should be given the full terrl torlal form of government, nnd Alas ka, ns a storehouse, should be unlock? ed. Hue Key to it Is a system of rail? ways. These I he government should Itself build and administer, and the ports and terminals It should Itself control in he interest of all who wish to use thorn for the service and devel? opment of the country and its people. But t!ie const ruction of railways is only the first ?top?is only thrusting in the key to the storehouse and throw? ing hack the lock and opening the door. How the tempting resources of the country are to he exploited Is an? other matter, to which I shall take the liberty of from time to time calling your attention, for it is a policy which must bo worked out by well consid? ered stages, not upon theory but upon Uno? of practical expediency. It is part of our general problem of con? servation. We have a freer hand in working out the problem in Alaska than In the states of the Union, and yet the principle and object are the same wherever we touch it. We must use the resources of the country, not lock them up. There aeed be no conflict or jealousy as between state and federal authori? ties, for there can be no essential dif PRESIDENT MAKES KNOWN HIS PHILIPPINE POLICY. President Wilson's policy to? ward the Philippine Islands is made clear in his message. He urges the development of the Philipoines, always keeping in view ultimate independence of the islanders. While he does not believe they are ready for self government today he believes that eventually they will be. He points out improvement that has recently been made by calling attention to the fact that more natives have been appointed on the Philippine commission than was the case previously. feronce of purpose between them. The resources in question must be used, but not destroyed or wasted; used, but uot monopolized upon any narrow idea of individual rights as against the abiding interests of communities. That a policy can be worked out by confer? ence and concession which will release these resources end yet not jeopard or dissipate them I for one have no | doubt, and it can be done on lines of regulation which need be no less ac? ceptable to the people and government of the nation at large, whose heritage these resources are. We must bend our counsels to this end A common purpose ought to make agreement easy. ? EMPLOYER'S LIABILITY ACT. Urges Legislation to Safeguard Work? men Both on Lind and Sea?Points Out Needed Economical Reforms. Three or four matters of special lm portanc** and significance I beg thnt you w ill permit mo to treutiou hi cio* log. On? bureau of mi'-os ought tn be eQVipped aud empowered to render even more effectual sen-ice than it ren ders now in improving the conditions of mine labor and making the mines more economically productive as well as more safe. This is an all important part of the work c* conservation, and the conservation of human life and en? ergy lies even nearer to our interest than the preservation from waste of our material resources. We owe it In mere justice to the rail way employees of the country to pro vide for them a fair and effective em ployer's liability act: and a law thai we can stand by in this matter will be no less to the advantage of those who administer the railroads of the coun try than to the advantage- of those whom they employ. The experience of a largo number of the states abun? dantly proves this. We ought to devote ourselves to meeting pressing demands of plain justice like this as earnestly as to the accomplishment of political and eco? nomic reforms. Social justice comes first. Law is the machinery for its realization and is vital only as it ex presses and embodies it. An interuauonal congress for the dis cussion of all questions that affect safe ty at SOS Is now sitting In London at the suggestion of our own government. So soon as the conclusions of that con gross can be learned and considered we ought to address ourselves, among other things, to the prompt alleviation of the very unsafe, tfnjust aud burdeu some conditions which uow surround the employment of sailors and render it. extremely difficult to obtain the services of spirited and competent men such as every ship Deeds If it is to be safely handled and brought to port May I not express the very ren' pleasure I have experienced iu co-op? erating with this congress and sharing with it the labors of common service to which it has devoted Itself so unre? servedly during the past seven months of uncomplaining concentration upon the business of legislation? Surely it is a proper and pertinent part of my report on "The State of. the Union" to trpresa my admiration for the dill gonce. the good temper and the full comprehension of public duty which has already been manifested by both the houses, and I hope that It may not he deemed an impertinent intrusion of myself into tile picture If I say with how much and how constant satlsfac tion I have availed myself of the priv liege of putting my time and energy at their disposal alike in counsel and in action. WOODROW WILSON. Oystur Shells as Medicine. Ground oyster shells were given by the medieval doctors to children suf? fering from rickets and scrofula. Now it appears that they were right The shells contain lime, nitrogen, iron, sul? phur, manganese, magnesia, Hour, bro? mide, phosphoric acid and iodine, all excellent for feeble children. They say that if growing children were to take powdered oyster shells in their food the teeth would be improved. There is more Ctarrh in this section of the country than all other diseases put together, and until the last few years was supposed to be incurable. For a great many years doctors pro? nounced it a local disease tnd pre? scribed local remedies, and by con? stantly failing to cure with local treatment, pronounced it incurabls. Science has proven catarrh to be a constitutional disease, and therefore requires constitutional treatment. Hall's Catarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, Ohie, is the only constitutional cure on the market. It is taken internally in dos-es from 10 drops to a teaspoonful. It acts directly on the blood an;* mu? cous surfaces of the system. They offer one hundred dollards for any case it fails to cure. Send for circu? lars and testimonials. Address: F. J. Cheney & Co., To? ledo, O. Sold by druggists, 75c. Take Hall's Family Pills for consti? pation. Two big bears have been in town for the past two days performing for the benefit of the public. Dr. Hobson's Ointment Heals Itchy Kczcma. Tho constantly itching, burning sensation and other disagreeable forms of eczema, tetter, salt rheum and skin eruptions promptly cured by Dr. Hobson's Eczema Ointment. Geo. W. Fitch of Mendota, 111., says: "I purchased a box of Dr. Hobson's Eczema Ointment. Have, had eczema ever since the civil war, have Deen treated by many doctors, none havs given the benefit that one box of Dr. Hobson's Eczema Ointment has." Every sufferer should try it. We're* so positive it will help we guarantee it or money refunded. At all drug? gists or by mail 50c. Pfeiffer Chem? ical Co.. Philadelphia and St. Louis. ?Advt. General EsUtttftO Men Resume Work. Schenectady, Dec. 1.?Fifteen thou? sand employes of the General Else* irk Company returned to work this morning. About a hundred of the men who struck were not re-employ? ed because of a "lull in business." Young Women: Number Surprising. ?The number of young women who suffer with weak back, dizzy and nervous spells, dull headache and weariness is surprising. Kidney and bladder illp cause these troubles, but if Foley Kidney Pills are taken as directed relief follows promptly, and the ills disappear. Contain no habit forming drugs. Sibert's Drug ?tors.??? Advt. The so-called Scotch pine is the principal tree in the Prussian forests. ItsVood is much like that of the wee tern yellow pine of the United Staes. Cronp and Cough llemoriy. Croup is a terrible disease, it st . children ?o suddenly they ars . apt to choke unless g'ven lbs proper remedy at once. Ther?* ia nothing better in the world than Dr. King's New Discovery. Lewis Cham? berlain, of Manchester, Ohio, writes about his children: "Sometimes in severe attacks we were afraid they would die, but since we proved what a certain remedy Dr. King's New Discovery is, we have no fear. Wo rely on it lor croup, coughs sod colds.' So can you. 50c and $1.00. A bottle should be in every home. At all druggists. H. E. Bucklen & Co., Philadelphia and St. Louis.?Advt. DR. Z. F. HIGHSM1TH, Eyesight Specialist Salisbury, N. C. Will l>e at Clare mont Hotel pre IMUod to fit glass, from Dec. 1st until the 13Ui inclusive. -\ Greelyville BUSINESS SCHOOL Individual Training for Boys and Girls. THE course of all English branches, shorthand, tjrpwrtttng and book? keeping offer* unsurpassed opportu? nities in t'.e youths of your county at a verr reasonable price. Board can be obtained in towu. For p&rti e.ulait- address, J. M. JERVEY, GREELYVILLE, - S. C. I_ t BRIDGE TEETH By this work the den? tist is able to fix per? manently between the teeth left to you artific? ial ones that are perfect in appearance and use? fulness. See Dr. Court? ney. He makes this work his specialty. Have an inspection. Get h?s opinion. Sumter Dental Parlors, Dr. C. H. Courtney, Prop Over Shaw & McCollum.