Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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<br oO?ttbnim and ^Gutbron. n*i ui the Cosu>llh-v at Mimtcr, S. t .. MA JM itlHtl I \ittm .Matte. ? I I rfcJtfeOAAL. >?r. i'aul DeLeon, of Atlanta, spent Thursday tu the city. Mr. K. N Welch, of Wlsacky. was in SN n Frhjay. Mr 1? V. Keels, of Rembert. wv? a visitor t<> the city Friday. Mis* Meta Wannamaker, who ha* be*>n staying with her sister, Mrs. Sn au?*, left (or orangeburg Friday morning where the will make a short stay before returning to Sumter. Mr. Wlleox I |?s is at hoi from the I mverslty of South Carolina to "pend the Lee's Birthday holiday. It Fllleon Capers, of Sumnurton, was in the city Saturday. Mr. John Woodbv. of N. w Mexico, was In town Saturday on his way to I*ke City to visit his sister. Mrs. Col? lums. He Is a former rcsid nt of this city and has m.?n\ friends here who were glad to see him during his sho. t stay. Miss Fannu CosOOCh has returned to her home at Columbia after a visit to Miss Mary Pitta Mr. J. I*. Booth has gone to St. Louis to purchase stock for the Doyle Lhe Stock Company. Mr. Cohn a^lAVi? of Wedgefleld. was in the city Saturday Mr \ K I UedS** of Hagood, was in the city Saturday. Mr. T. D. I>ulh?ae. of Mcchanics Ulle. wss in town Saturday. Mr A. A. Urea b y. of St. Charles. was a visitor to the city Saturday. Mr. 11. L. k'Mir'. rt, principal of the Wedgefleld School, was in the city Fri? day night to attend the play. Miss Erminie Lachicotte. of Colum? bia, is the charming guest of Mrs. Archie China. Mr. T. B. Jenkins returned from St. Louis Saturday. Miss Mary Lemmon. one of the teachvrs in the Lumar school has re? signed, she having been elected rural school supervisor of Sumter county.-' Lamar Correspondence Darlington News. Mr. and Mrs. Dave Winn, of Bish opviile. spent Sunday in the city. Mr. B. J. Rhame, State Bank Ex? aminer spent the week-end in the city. Mr. L. I. Rarrott went to Colum? bia on business Monday. Mr. L. W. Mt-Lemore. Fsq., went to Columbia Monda) morning to at? tend th?? session ot the Federal Court. Married. Rlshopvllle, Jan. 17.?Yesterday af? ternoon at ? o'clock at the Methodist manse Clinton DtMfl and Miss Haw? thorne Reams were united In mar? riage, the Re* . O. F F.dwards otTicia ting. The marriage won a very quiet affairs only a fe* ot the most inti? mate friends of the couple being present. Mr l?!xnn H a prosperous young business man of this place and Mis.s Reams the daughter of Fd. )' ims. Death. Mr Ja mi e? 1?. Brown died Saturday at the home of hi* father. Mr. W. Blanding Brown. Ill So. Magnolia street. The funeral services were held at the i >sidenee at 1.30 p. m. Sunday. Interment was at Zoar burylmr arojnd at 3 o'clock. Funer? al services were conducted by Holly Wood Camp No. 11' \V of W. Real Estate lYaiinfces, E. W. MeCnllum to M. L Boyktn. lot and buildings lr city, $1,300. Hittie Bradby to F. W. A. I'.ult man. right, title and .merest in tract of l*o acres in statelojrg township litest O. J. C. USSSJ to Robin White. On acre tra? t m Man? h? stet township, l>anie| White and II ?nnab White to Harvey McCrny. iwe ore Iraet In Sumter township. |fM I C. Trlpbft t? I M Shaw, two lau la town of MajresrvUle, IK.n. - > ? .I b> I o|H let List Monday mwht the store e| J. I., sand* r??. colored, oa Manalng uv? ? MM arai ? atom d by Ihlevee ami a aum? * of arte leg grate stoles Th? eoua? aal ? rs have aeea urorklad on ihs las sin* i ti. it trnv and raa the depre lattoaa down to two aegro convicts, ha are now sere tag t? r,o?< aa I he ? ha for tmr. The aegfro< tore < night Fndiv wpti the goads oa them tnd wrrr at once pal bach la chain* Thej had neeu ited as trusties on the sang for saShS tints previous In this The ans?et or the aegroei ar WIHls Jones nnd Rot I Sprott, -b.i\< Sc M<c.dbii,i m ?< ? o. ere sdN ertlslnr th? ir white goods ib lo t??gin Wedaeeday, Had Read Ihelr Hit in thi* leans - \d\ I c I I V N ATION AL CROP PRIZES. Press winner* in 1911 Crop MveruhV cation Oaavisnl will lie Annoanoed Saturday?('ontc*t a lit* Called to Meet at Hunk at Noon Satnrda>. The four-acre crop dhersifieation contest lor Itlti of the City National Mink will be decided and the prlSOl awarded at a meeting of the contest? ants to be hold at the t Ity National Dank at II o'clock >ati'nla\. January llth. Tin contest vu conducted un? der the supers is'.. of Mr. J. Frank Williams, Count) Demonstration Agent of the United Mates Depart? ment of Agriculture, and the prizes will be awarded hy a committee on Um reports submitted by the con? testants. a majority of the contestants have . It . ady gJed their reports, hut a few of them have failed t<> do so, and It is rSQUSStSd that all farmers who t ok part In the contest file their re DOrtS at the City National Bank be? fore the meetlag Baturday, All con? testants are urged to attend the misting ami hear the reports and the announcement of the prize winners. At this mSStlng announcement will be made of the details of the con? test for 1913 and the prizes offered by the City National Hank. PITY Till: SCHOOLTEACHER, Multiplicity of Duties That Are Itc l; - hmond Times-Dispatch. The modern School teacher must be inwardly a wonderful and awesome creation, she ii the vortex around which swirl the perplexing currents j of tuir oonfuasfl society, she must ' have the versatility. plasticity and adaptability of gtnius to answer the demands made Upon hSr brain and l heart, Upon her shoulders, as upon 1 Atlas,' rests the whole world. oCnslder what she is supposed to ?lo. She must supplant the state in educating youth In partriotismi law-, history and all the latest civic virtues. She must train him to vote right to serve his country. Just last week Kiehrnord teaeheis listened to an able appeal for more fundamental instruc? tion in tht principles of government for the future eitizen. This is an ad? mirable end. but Is government so simple and modern affairs so easily grasped that f??r the primely stipend of $50 or $??0 a month WS can SSCUfl an ?xpert to Interpret constitutions and direct commoBWsalths She must make her room an am?, x to the home. What parents cannot instil, gUidsd by loVS gnd made wise bg acquaintance With the very hearts of their children, she mast impart to them out of the dull pages of a book, la ginning with manners and running all the way to mo: als she must some? how by her precept ami sxample moid or more young Dagani into mod ? is of virtus and propriety, What? ever >s too dlnVmlt f<?r horns teach? ing is lumped vaguely together as t"he sphere of the school. Sewing and cooking and manual training, ws be i .A. i in be taught admirably in Mboots Bui WS do not think i bar? ter oaa bs built in the mass, it is Isstnsm m the parent that would del? egate these supreme functions of ed? ucation to an underpaid and harassed young woman. Who often enough is sc arcely able to keep hon? st hefSSlf on the wages she gets , To these big items pedagogy is swiftly adding more. Th,. teacher is eXpSCtSd to look after the health ot her charges. She mu^t Impart ideals of oleanllnesa, preach the dangers ot germi and even ihow the most ap? proved methods of Washing the hands. Ill the country, furthermore, she is an ndjun t of agriculture 1'lant life, animal life, husbandry, dairying and a SCOrt Of other processes de pend on her effort'.. The amusements of chil? dren are also to i.e directed by the teacher. These are hut a few of the things she |a supposed to d>>. All of them are good. Mary of them are truly vital pnrtl Of public education. Not for a moment would we have the in? fluence ot the school in real life sac? rificed for an outwi in tradition of no re hook learning, Bui it is lime soclet) t?>ok a common-sense view of auch Ihlnga and provided special leachen and broadi r Instru lion tu tit these paramount guides for the multifarious calla upon then ener gl< It is folly to base progress on education and not furnish ?in best ?d ucatora The Chamber ol Commerce will probably nm n special gumter train to Columbia nexl Tuesday, January lath, and hi\? the crowd march as a Humter Mar- long Club In Ihe South Carolina l*arade Th. running of the n iin, of i oars, ib \? nda on hon m my win guarantee t" go on lh< trip, mi members are requested lo gel in touch with tin- secretary, phone 800, . noon as |.it.<j?-|hle The pipe t..r the Ida dlt< h on Maty utreel has come and thi City Man? ger will endeavoi ?<? Install th?? pipe and (III Do ditch Up while th. Rood a ? it her lasta quired ol' Her. To REDUCE TARIFF on PAPER, Rut Lot Duties on Tobacco Stand. Indicated b> Hearing. Washington, Jan. 17.?Substantial reduction of tin- tariff along the line in the wood pulp and print paper schedule, and retention of approxi? mately the existing duties on tobac? co, cigars und similar articles, con? stitute part <>f the Democratic tariff revision programme to be presented to the coming extra session of Con gress. This was the situation as view? ed by Democratic leaders after two sessions today and another tonight, in the marshalling of testimony on schedules M, pulps, papers and books, and P, tobacco and its manufactures. Just how far the Democratic mem bers will go in cutting the paper schedule is problematical Bo far, they have not had a conference on the Subject, but the concensus of their sentiment favors reduction, where ever possible in this part of the tar? iff law of the incidental portions of the Schedule, it is probably assured that the ci mmlttee Will provide for free admission of Bibles and other religous works. A plea for elimination of the 25 per cent duty on Bibles was made today by the Presbyterian committee on publication, through R. E. Magill, of Richmond, Va. its secretary. Most of the Democratic members of the committee, if not all of them, regard the items in the tobacco schedules as luxuries, and one of the schedules most easily adapted to revenue-raising pur? poses. Chief interest of the day centred in presenting of arguments of the spokt s men Of the newspaper publishers and of the diametrically opposed papet manufacturera John Norrii of New York, chairman of the committee on paper of the American Newspaper Publishers' Association, representing consumers Who pay 155,000,000 a year for news print paper?the newspapers throughout the country?presented testimony in favor of letting down the tariff bars that shut out Canadian pa? per and the cutting "ff of all restric? tions upon the importation of the cheaper grades of paper sind wood pidps entering into paper manufac? ture Tin American Paper and Pulp association, through Arthur C. Hast? ings, of New York City, its president, representing, be said the paper indus? try with an Investment of $400,000.000 Uld an annual business of $800,000,000 voiced opposition to a change in the present tariff. Representatives of the wail paper industry, through Robert Graves, of New Yoi k. urged an increase from 35 io |Q per cent on foreign wall paper, which, he said, comes into competi? tion with the higher grades of domes? tic wall paper, ARRESTER FOR STORING LIQUOR. Room' R. James Again in Trouble on Canal Charge. Reese B. James, ex-member of the legislature and well known in town as a blind tiger, was arrested Satur? day morning by Officer H. (J. McKa gen on the ( barge of storing liquor. James was placed in jail to be tried at noon. Mis wife alleged that part of the liquor, three gallons, was her hus? band's for personal use, while the lest, oiio and a-half gallons, was for her own use. The liquor was placed in Janu s' bouse by a negro who was alleged to have brought it from Wedgefleld. IBs name was given as Henry Smyth. When he saw the officer approaching he Skipped out as hard as he could go and managed to escape, Reese B. James has tuen up in the Recorder's court many times before on the same charge. As to Income Tax. Klngstree County Record. The list of the counties paving in? come tax as compared with the coun? ties that pay nothing i* an Interesting study. The presumably rich coun? ties of Darlington, Marlboro, Dillon and several others pay not a cent of Income tax. and yet at least in one of the counties named there are several reputed seml-mlllionalres. Compare Darlington, Marlboro and Dillon with Dorchester and Bamberg, ami yel both of the latter counties pay Income tax Sure!) some counties' wealthy men are greatly over-rnted or they are very modi st in acknowledging their pos? sessions to the county auditor. x I Mil k Vi ? Iton M \RKET. Corrected daily by Brnesl Field, Cot ton Buyer. Sumter, Jan. 20, Oood Middling 1- i-i Strict Middling 12 1-8. Middling 12 St l ,ow M iddlinu 1 I 6-H, i.-.w m Iddllng i i. st ipie < 'otton nominal New York < otion Mai kcl \. w v..i ic, Jwn 20 ?ipen i 'lose. Januar).12 i<? i j ?_?:? March.11 v N 11.90 May.11 va it.:; Jul> .11.71 11.64 DEFINITION OF YEWSPAPER. Remarkable Episode in the lii>tory of To ask any one what a newspaper is teems ridiculous in these days when they are sold daily by the million. And yet there was a time when this seem? ingly simple question agitated the country from end to end, and to a cer? tain extent covered a government with ridicule, says The New York. Tiroes. This remarkable episode in che history of journalism is recalled by the war of today, for it really arose out of the Crimean campaign, when England, Fiance and Turkey fought side by side against Russia. For legal purpose a newspaper Is described as a sheet of paper, print? ed at short, regular intervals, for con? veying Intelligence of passing events. Fifty-eight years ago, however, when the Crimean war broke out, newspa? pers were a luxury for the well-to-do. In England the stamp duty on news? papers was still in force. It had risen from a half penny, Imposed in 1712 to hi one hundred years later, bringing up the price of newspapers to 7d. each?a condition of things which lasted till when the duty was re? duced from 4d to Id., to be finally abolished in 1855, as a result of the historic campaign. It happened in this wise. Muring the Crimean War poor people were naturally anxious to know how their relatives were faring at the front; and the only means by which they could gather BUCh news was through the newspapers, which the majority of them could not afford to buy. The run sequence was that the agitation which had been going on for some time to repeal the stamp duty was renewed with great vigor in the Mouse of Commons. The government was ask? ed to state definitely what actually constituted a newspaper and why news should be taxed. At tirst the government was some? what nonplussed. Then the solicitor for the Board of inland Revenue sug? gested that if they could not define sxactly what a newspaper was, they could at any rate say what it was not, and thus it came about that a state? ment was made in the Commons to the effect that a "newspaper is not a publication treating of only one sub? ject." As at that time there was only one subject in which the majority of peo? ple were Interested?namely, the war ?the consequence was that, directly this definition was officially pronounc? ed, out came a host of unstamped pub? lications giving full details from the seat of war. but taking good care to "treat of one subject only." There were Ibdt's Army and Navy Dis? patch, Stranue's Army and Navy Dis? pute h, the War Times, the War Tele? graph. The War Fly Sheet, and so on ? selling merrily and contributing not one farthing to the revenue. The position was a somewhat ridicu? lous one, for the governme nt, by their definition of a newspaper, had really given permission for the publication of various "newspapers," w hich were printed and sold at a great profit, and actually protected them against other ?papeis whic h were contributing large? ly to the revenue, simply because the latter contained other news besides that concerning the war. And it was this untenable position of the govern? ment whic h led to the abolition of the stamp duty. A sea captain living in a small Massachusetts town had loand to ,i neighbor, who, after the loan was a year or too old, made no effort to pay it. The captain began to look upon it as lost Arriving home from a voyage, he heard of a debt-COllector Who was not? ed for slicking to a delinquent until some result was obtained. The captain called upon this person, told him the Circumstances, and said: "Now if you will collect that debt, I'll give noii half of it; or if you don't collect but half of the bill, I'll divide that with you." The collector nodded. "1 guess I c an get half of it anyhow, if I don't, it sha'n'l be for want of trying hard enough." The c aptain sailed away, and on bis return, again sought out the collector. ' M.ll... Mr. Blank!" said be. Mow about thai bill.' Have you collected it yet?" "Well." replied the m.in, "I ain't collected the hull on it; tun I did e'leel my part 'bout as soon as you gin me the account, and he- a n t paid m< a cent since, l keep after him. hu* it's just in you said, when you ui\? me the hill; he don't have any con? science about It. Good day! ' and tin hrii I, collector disuppf an d, i< avlnt th< cuptain vainly gazing after him l >r (leo \\ I 'a k w as unexpected!) called to Columbia Mondaj morning on iic recelpl of a telegram Inform [ltg him of meeting of the State Sinking Fund Commission of whlc he Is a member by hit Appointment a ? Ii iirm.i n of t la- \V ?) h and M? .i ii ?> >tn in it tee in the House i nr ii-ii Journalism. Collecting a Debt. MIt. KNELL IN TOWN. Former Secretary Spends Da> in Tb. City. Mr. A. V, Bill 11. Managing Secre? tary oil the Charleston Chamber of Commerce, Speat Sunday in this city. He was on his way to W;tshir>gton to att? nd a meeting of the Southern Commercial Secretaries' Association. Mr. Snell Is enthusiastic over the op? portunity that Charleston affords for constructive work in the development and advertising of the natural advan? tages of that city as a port and as tin trade center of the South Atlantic States He has visions of a great awakening, of great development and great growth In Charleston and he is encouraged by the solid hacking and hearty cooperation of the business men of Charleston whose faith in the future of the city Is now as great as their pride in her part. Mr, Smll's ab sorbtion in his new work has not caused him to lose intere.-t in Sumter and when occasion offers he is as good a Sumter booster as ever. -Marketing Long-Staple I'piand Cot? ton. Now that raising upland long staple in the "Piedmont" of Georgia, South Carolina and North Carolina, is no longer in the experimental stage, but is going on in 191:5 on larger acre? age, we are fast learning how to im? prove and lengthen the staple, but are. many of us, content to "fool this superior away" to short staple buyers Many do not know how to "grade and pull'' upland long staple with fairness, and many buyers think " where ignorance is bliss of exorbi? tant profits, it is folly to be wise." This class of cotton right in north? eastern South Carolina today is being sold at 15 to IS cents as highest, while short staple is 12 cents, and last year while short staple was nine cents, I sold four bales of A'len and Brad ham long staple at 17 cents. Buyers are taking tht advantage of the unposted. We breeders ?'f South Carolina have organi7a-d the South Carolina Cotton Seed Breeders' Association at Columbia, and arc going to intro? duce many features, not only to im? prove and maintain the length of staple, but look well to market con? ditions. We are well informed that this .lass of cotton on the Boston market is selling from 15 to 23 cents, according to grade and staple length. Wc are investigating this and other <?? nditiona. Tin- remedy for all farm? er.- having this class of staple is to hold on am', accumulate it in com? munity collections at central points and warehouses, ami have reliable short staple buyeri and cotton fac? ers, thai you can trust, to help And i market for from ten to 100 bales grouped together, ami thereby save from two to four cents per pound now giving away to local buyers. 1 ? an readily sell every bale I have on these markets today singly at 15 to is cents, hut this is not getting the Boston price. One large Missis? sippi Delta firm which has bought this kind of cotton a lifetime is on this market paying no more than the common herd of buye rs. Sell all your short staple when it is high enough, ate! hold your long staple until last. I sold a hale of Columbia long staple November 5, ginned carefully a' snail-sl >w speed on a common sh< i t staple gin, This gin sets apart half of its equipment exclusively for long staple every Monday, hence pure sc. <1 for all the long staple growers of this community. These common gins handle 1 1-4 staple perfectly where ginm-r understands to adjust the feed and run slow. This battery of three? gins set apart to long staple every Monday gins only 15 bales per day at this slow speed, but turns out tin- smoothest, prettiest sample of long staple up to 1 l-l inches that you ever saw. The majority of this long staple in this community is 1 l-l indies and under; very few bales go I ".-s to 1 1-2. so few in fact that we do not require the proverbial long staple llcedlc gins at yet. We ate' looking forward to the needle g:ns I to handle our l 1-2 te. l 5-8 cotton when by seed selection in later >ears We ? an coax loiige-r staple- into exist inpj local standard varieties. Your local gintie-r. by adjustment, sie w speed atnl running a "tight loir1 and giving personal pains and pride to doinR his level he-^t. can give you a perfect product on common I' att short staple gins. II l?uRene Kant, Seneca, s. C? in P agressive Farmer. The Imperial may nol he- tbe first hotel to he completed but it is the fust to have its name' placed on us front where everybody can see it. The name- is ?in in the terra cottn biocks which add so much to the- appear? ance of the Hen' of tin- bulldlnR. W'eik en tli<- Trinity Methodist church, South, has been delayed for I he past inont h en n< < i nut of t he fact that the glass has not been sent. i-m pat t of 'he glass l<* expected Ibis m< nth at el tie- woik will pi.-, e. .| rapidlj >:? ter it .arrives HOW COTTON GROWERS LOSE, Damage und IHminntlon for the staple from Farm to Caetory. Editor Manufacturers Record: As you are keenly interested in the developing of the South and the Hav? ing of its resources, please allow me space in your valuable paper to call attention to the needs of reform in our methods of ginning and market? ing our cotton crops. To make my views clear. I will state one of many case* for all of them are alike. Farmer A brings a bale of seed cot? ton to the local ginnery, grading mid? dling. At the ginnery he is preceded by farmer II, whose cotton grades low middling. Now, all of our gins are so, arranged as to leave enough of B'S cotton on the rolls of the three gins that cut his cotton to form a hat about three inches thick on one side of A's bale. When f rmer A takes his bale of cotton to the l3cal buyer he samples both sides, taking out lib? eral samples. One side is middling, the other is low middling. To pro? tect himself the buyer buys the bale at low middling price, when it only has about three inches of low mid? dling on one side of the bale. This causes about $3.75 loss to farmer A. We will follow the bale until it reaches its destination in some for? eign mill. After having two liberal samples taken out and sold at a loss to A of $3.75, the export buyer takes out two more liberal samples, finding it middling on one side and low mid? dling on the other. He also buys it as low middling cotton. On its arrival at the compress sheds it is sampled again and graded by the worst side. After all of the samples have been taken out it is weighed. Then it Is taken to the compress, where the ties and bagging are refit and adjusted to the dminished size. Then it is load? ed on the steamer, and by the time it reaches the foreign mill it has been robbed of the major part of its cov? ering and it looks as if it "had been rolled in mud and water. In its final analysis the foreign spinner bases his ptlce on the clean cotton that reaches his mill. So the loss of the samples, the effect of the bad hand? ling and the degrading and the bad appearance at the foreign mill all fall back on farmer A. Now, what is the remedy for all of this loss on farmer A? My plan is the application of business methods to the proposition. i First compel, by law if necessary, every ginnery to conform to some regular plan. My ies should be equ ? is a ten press of sutticient . bales to the dens port them. Also ? have a grade: and weigher, and when a farmer brings his cotton to the gin the grader is on the sped and sees the cotton that goes into the bale. He grades and weighs the bale, marking it with the grade and weight. The j local buyer does not sample it. but buys it according to the grade and weight that the grader marked it. This plan would save farmer A $3.75 on his bale, not counting the saving of the samples. Under this plan farmer A has his bale well wrapped up and compressed, so he gets one eighth of a tent more for it on ac? count of better freight rates. No samples are taken out en route to the foreign mills. It arrives there in the original package, the bale not having been sampled, no lost weight is to be allowed for. no waste cotton- hence A better price allowed on that account, and in the final anaysis farmer A gets the direct benefit of the condition that It is in when it reaches the foreign mills. If the 13,000,000 bales of cotton made this year could have been hand? led as I have stated above, the sav? ing would have been a kinc's ransom, or more than anyone could figure out? ran we make the reforms re?piired that will bring about the desired re? sults? It is a big job. but the South? ern people arc capable of surmount? ing the greatest difficulties when once aroused or fully alarmed. Help us. We med to exchange ideas with e.. !, ether. F. C. Thomas. Manning, s. C. In a postponed bowling match the Fdues defeated the Greens Friday niu'ht by a majority of forty-two pins. This puts the Flues far in the bad in the bowling tourney. Shaw ?v McCollum Merc. Co., are id vert Ising their white goods sale to begin Wednesday, 22nd Read their ad in this issue.? Vdvt \V\M Ell?'i hi ? 11??* ing h ird wood in .in\ quantity: oak. ash. hickory, maple locust, walnut, holly. Write me what you havt and price per cord or tleus.?ni ? ,. b Sumter. i v ?'hina. FOR > KlJE?i >ixi< Wilt lent cot - i-ui seed from 1911 crop, price ft per bush.', pound and pave E. It. Colcolugh Oswogo, s ?'.. K F. I\ KT.%IM.I-: minis?Sue Flower . .1 variety Onl) a few left. J. V Fi Oswcgo, - ,? Koute t.