Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Cjjt StKatcbman ani ^cutbron. PsblUtinl Wnlmwl i< and Saturday. ?BY? OSTEEN PUBLISHING COMPANY SCMTER, S. C. Terms: $1.50 per annum?In advance. \ dver linemen ts: One Square first Insertion.$1.00 Every subsequent insertion.50 Contracts for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. All communication* which sub? serve private interests will be charged far aa advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of respect wlU be charged *or. The Samti?r Watchman was found? ed In lsf 't .1 the True Southron in lies The Watchman and Southron Sow ha* the combined circulation and Influence cf both of the old papers, and Is manifestly the beat advertising medium In 8umter. < I.I Mson \(,UI( 1 III It \I. IN STITt'TE. Program of Winding-up Institute to to bo Held st Clemson College, Tues? day. August S. Friday, August 11, InclusBc. It Is planned to hold. August 8 to 11, a round-up Institute at Clemson College somewhat slmillar to the ons held last yesr. and all men who are interested m Im piH M - ?I OfS n ult gffl are invited to be present upon that occasion. The expenee while at the Col leg* will be one dollar per day for meals for adults?children under twelve years old. 11 'ty cents. The College regrt 's very much that It cannot include In this invitation ladles aa well as men. but unfortun? ately w< are not fixed to take care of ladles and therefore this Invitation will have to be confined to the men. It Is well f'?r those who are com? ing to drop us a postal card asking that beds be reserved. All who up to the number of our capacity, do this will be guaranteed a bed. Bring with you what covering you need, pillow, and towels so that you may be comfortable. The railroads have been asked to give rsduced rates for this occasion snd we have every assurance that this will be granted. Due notice will be given through the daily press. The following Is the program of ex mrrtn?n durlne* the four days. M.?Ad t W. D. ?ge. 3 P. M.?Judging Dairy Cows. Trof Archibald Smith, Head of the Pfl islon Animal Industry and Dairy? ing. 1.30 P. M.?Address? Hon. E. J. Watson. Commissioner of Agricul? ture a d Industries, Columbia, S. C. Cotto:.?J. M, Harper. Director 3. C. Experiment Station. Wednesday. August 8. 9 to 11 A. M ?Judging Hogs. It A. M.?Soil Ftrtlllty?Dr. Tail Butler. Associate Editor Progressive Farmer. Starkvlllo, Miss. Beef Feeding?A. J. Shanklln. Co? lumbia, s. s. I MsemMion. 3 P. M.?Implement I ??-monstration and Corn Judging. S P. M.?Jud.rlng Beef CatMe. ?.3* P. M.?'i mi Koads?Illustrat? ed Lecture. Mr. Chas. II. Hoyt, 8upt. Read Construction. t\ S. Of? fice Public Roads. Thursday. AuguM 10.?9 A. M. Judging Horses. II A. M.?I'se of Fertiliser*? Dr. B. W. Kllgo. Director X. C. Exper? iment Station and State Chemist, Raleigh. X. C. Fertiliser*?H. M. Staokhou**. Secretary Board of Control, Cb-mson College. S. C. 5 P. M.?Corn Judging and Im? plement I N?monstrnt|on. 6 P M. Soundness of Horses. ?.30 P. M.?Commercial Trucking ?Dr. P. II. Bolfn. Director Florida Experiment Station. < ia inesvllD. J*la. Homo Cardi-nlng C. C. Newman, Horticulturist to S ?". Fx . rum nt Station. CIsfJMM Collage S. C. PasgsaasOal?Jn<>. V, Most roe, south? ern Railroad. Friday, August 11. A. M.?Ad drc--. i'. j k d f ? > r d Knipp. SpMi.l A< nt C. S. Farm Demonstrs tlon Work. Washington. D. P. D. X. Farrow. The practice of tiic bind Wednes? day night sounded like old time to a number of the cltlsens of Sumter who heard It and sever .1 WOTS heard to *av on the streets that It was a shame for Sumter to let stich a band go to piece* without imy effort to keep it toK.-th.r. The praetlee WOl filrlv Met ? Mfali but all of the form? er members of the hand found them? selves Woefullv out of practice, their lips being unused to the peCUHaf work required of th?-?m. An open cotton boll was brought to the Item office Thursday which came from Mr. H. C. Hnvnswortb's farm a few miles east of this . it v. GOOD ito\i>s si?i;i:< lii;s. Suiniuary of Speeches Mad. bj Mcsmi>. I>. II. Win-low, IC. 1. .Man? ning, lt. II. BckftTff ami OthSTS, Tin- -p.?? h.s made Thursday at ths last masting In the good road campaign wore all good ones and i?iculated to settle once for ail ths Question as. t.? whsthsr the bond issu? was or was not the best method of securing the funds for building tho roads. Mr. 1>. H. WlnslOW, the govern e\peit road builder who has been hsrs bsfors to look into the road ?j rtsss of Sumter county, made ths first speech. lie spoke Mrs! at the I .yric, illustrating his lecture w ith moving picture films. His lecture eras mostly taken UP With explaining pictures Which were thrown on the screen, they being taken before and' after the good roads Were built In differ ?nt SSCtlOM of the South. He showed pictures of road building, the griding of the road3, how the rock was blasted and placed on the road and the finishing up when the bind? ? r was placed over th^ top dressing and the roller run ove? the road. Suinter OOUnty was the third County in this State to float a bond k me for the building of good rofjdg Marion county came first with an Issue of $100,000 bonds and Dillon second. Sumter came third and was now trying to bond the county for $150.000 more, while Marlboro county was trying to get an Issue of $300,000 bonds for good roads. Other counties were doing the same thing in this and other states. Among these counties WSS Florence, a neighboring county, which would get a great deal of the trade from this county if the bond issue in this county was defeat? ed and the good roads were not built now. If the roads were built by means of the bond Issue, on the other hand, Sumter county would get trade from other counties. Mr. Winslow said that he had t een all over the State and over a great many other states, and the roads In this county were Just about like elsewhere?part good and part bad. some counties had much better roads and some had wore roads. He Illustrated the working of the hond issue by show? ing the pictures of a man's house and land before the road was built by his house and after it was put ther*. showing that the man had sold part of his land at greatly In? creased value and had remaining the other very much improved as well as was his house?a new one hav? ing been built. In one county In Georgia where one bale of cotton bad been taken to maikct on a two horse wagon eight baler could be taken after the roads had been built up. He showed a puture of a road in Marlboro county when trn mall carrier was stalled In the mud. He stated that the govern? ment had notified ?he officials of the county that unless the road was put and kept In better condition that the free rural delivery of mail w ?uld be stopped. In a great many p?; ces the free delivery had been lt< PPOd SSOSUSS Of bad roads. He showed a picture of what had hap? pened In Alabama. The price of COtton went up and the farmer who I goIM| roads to enrrv his cotton ?o town took eight bales on his wagon the farmer on the Other side of lOWn where there wer bad roads took one bale of cotton to town. The next day cotton went down again and the farmer who had taken the eight bales realized ? half i cent a pound more for seven hales of his cotton than did the man who had taken only one bale of cotton to town on the same day. He weid on to show the relation of good roads to schools and health Of the s< hool children. Where the roads wore good the children could easily get to school. When- 'In? roads were bad the children had n hard la.. m getting to >< hool and would probably have to walk through mud ami wet S?d gst Steh u a consequence of sitting tip In the school room all da\ with Wet shoes on their feet. York county had the hi ai system ?f convict labor in this State, but her system was not as good as work by contract. Me said that roads had to be maintained, as well everything else. He showed pictures of wooden culverts which had to be replaced evgry three years, while if the culvert was mad.- of pipe it would last thirty \ears. making a great saving in labor and In cost of material. lb- endad this part of his talk by stating that if Sumter coun? ty did gol gel the rosdd now it would probably not gel them for the peXl leg years and in the meanwhile son.f the neighbor ll ? i OUntlefl would get them and In doing so would take away a great part of the trad, that belong, d to Sumter, In tk?? court house Mr. Wlnslow w.tit OH With hfal talk. He said thai he bad a feeling of pity for Iho ? Who did not know any bet - ter than to vote Against ths bond issue. He laid particular stress on ths fact that all ??t' the money ob? tained from th.- homl issue would be spent In the county, something quit i different from sny oilier kiml of building. The principal features Of good roads were drainage, grad? ing, foundation, alignment and sur? face dressing. All of these f istures Were permanent except tlie dressing which had to be repulred. In Mar? ion county where tin- Mrsi sand-clay road In this country was built?it was built in Is!? 1?the road was still In good condition and not one cent for repairs had la-en spent on it. This showed tin- lasting qualities of tin sand clay road which was by far the cheapest and best for this section of the country. He advocat? ed the building of concrete bridges Over stream-. He said that rail? roads, which always took time to realize profits, were built by means of bond issues and this fact, if no other ought to prove that the bond issue was a good plan for building roads, as no one was willing to say thai railroads were not money paying investments. He was in favor of having the work dorn? by con? tract as In this way the men do? ing the work kin-w something about it ami did not have to be showed what to do every time they started a new piece of work. He told about the Work of the man who had built the first sand clay road. The builder had been ar? rested and Indicted for ruining the county road and was ordered to put the road back into its previous con? dition at his own expense. lie had had a narrow escape from the pen? itentiary. Now the people wanted more such roads. Kiehland county had the most complete system Of sand clay roads in this States but those roads could have been built cheaper and would have been bet? ter had the building been super? vised by an engineer, as the ones which wore to be put in this county would he. It was always be?t to have an experienced engineer build the roads, as this always meant a big saving. He was glad to see that the supervisor of this county was modern enough in his ideas to approve this plan. This State held tiie world's record for the >ield of cotton and corn per acre and all it needed now was to give the people of other sections a chance to see Its lands by putting them where they could be reached and this could be done only by building up a system of good roads. He did not think that' there could be a demoralization of farm labor und there had never been where he had seen the roads built. He knew, however, that ther*j was al? ways a big jump in the price of lands and increased prosperity in those sections that built up systems of good roads. Mr. K. H. Heiser told of the plan that was proposed by which the county was to get the complete county-wide system of good roads. He then w. rit over his talk of Tues? day as to the number of mile* of road to be built In the county and how the amount of funds to be de? rived from the bond issue of $200 000 would build all of them into good sand clay roads. He said that he had gi\vn the matter careful consideration and he had found from inquiry that road building by means Of contract labor had not hurt the farmers in other places and he did not think it would do any dam? age here. All of the big farmers wer? In favor of the bond Issue, and the) were tiie big tax payers. The present county board wai an econ? omical one and if they wasted mon? ey it was because of the syst- in un? der width thsy worked. They could well be trusted with the $10,000 a >ear for road building. He hoped ihat the bond issue, as advocated In his act WOUld pass, ami if it did, live years from now, the county would have a complete system of good roads He spoke urgently in favor of having a road engineer to upervlse tin- budding of the roads. Mr. H, 1. Manning was the next speaker after Mr. Belser. He did not have a prepared speech, but he kn?-w that everybody wanted good road*. The only thing to de? cide was the best way to get them. Taxefl wore not higher now than it had formerly been, although It might seem so. Property was re? turned at only one-fourth of its real value, If that much, and therefore If tin- levy was divided by four it would be found that taxes were not as high as tiny seemed. He was heartily In favor of the bond issue. There was no other method before the people of raising the money that was acceptable. The expense of g.I loads was to be met by a bond issue or by a direct tax levy. The bond issue was the best of th- se methods, and it cost the peo? ple and the county hss. He said that if the people did not Note for a one mill levy they would not vote for a two or three mill levy. If the di? nt t tax levy was carried this would be a plank In campaign plat* f.-iins for th.- next ten yesra and theiv would be a continual quarrel whether or not the tax should be 1 vied. It this Was the ease it would probably be a long tune i?e fore the roads were built, lie had a farm fifteen miles from town and he knew that it would mean a great saving to him if lie k<>1 Hie good loads tt haul hid cotton OVer. He stressed the Importance the good roads would have on education In the rural districts and in the build? ing up of union schools. Mr. Man? ning also emphasized the fact that those opposed to the bond issue did not have any plan at all, 01 ore not near so good, to offer by which the roads could be built. Mr. 1'. M. Pitts was skeptical of the advisability of the bond issue plan at tirst. but after he had given it considerable thought he decided that it was the best thing that could be done for the country. As a citizen lie was in favor of it. He said that In his <c,vn case he had been able to haul only three bales of cotton to town lefore the road was built by his place to town. Now he could haul six easily. His children were enabled by means of good roads to get to town to go to school. The road from his place to town was worth more than $100 a year to him and he would be willing to pay that much for it. He said he had been criticised for building roads b> pieces. He had done this building by contract where tile material could be secured by digging and tilling at that place on the road. He was not provided With facilities for hauling the material to build the roads. Another reason was that he had no means of pro? perly grading the roads except where he could do so by inspection. Grading and location wer?, the work of an engineer and it was absolutely necessary to have one if the road system was to be built in tlve years. He did not thinV. that the building of the roads wo aid demoralise farm labor. Work in town had not done so in the past, why should it do SO In the future'.' He said that he thought all taxpayers liable to commutation road tax should pay two dollars to the county instead of being allowed a choice of working on the county roads. This should be enacted into a law in this county as it had been in other counties. The members of the board could be trusted to he economical and would certainly give the full value to the county for the money expend? ed in the building of good roads. Mr. I. B. Watson, the builder of the first sand clay road in the United States, told of how that road had been built and how his motives had been misunderstood by his county and the troubles that he had ex? perienced after the road had been built. He said that his road was still in good condition. He had not graded it because it was not neees sary. However, in some places it was necessary to grade the roads-. He had been connected with road building for a long time and he had never yet come to the place where it had done harm to have good roads. In his opinion the la? bor used was not taken from th? farm when the roads were built, hut was a kind of Moating labor that went anywhere such work was go? ing on. He said that he did not think that the cost of building the sand clay roads in some sections of this county would he more than $250 a mile. While, Of course, in other places it would be as high as $650. I>r. B. C. Baker? in the general discussion, pointed out the fact that road building by means of the chalngang cost more than when let OUl by contract. Mr. Boyle was in favor of good roads, but he was against the bond issue. He stated that he With ted a direct levy of 2 1-:J mills which would cover the Same costs ai d build the roads in six years. He said thai his plan meant the spend? ing of ., :'.7,000 a year on the roads, while the other plan advocated spending $40,000 a year. Ho said that il the roads were built in five years there would be a demoralisa? tion <d* farm labor, for all of the negroes would have the farm to work on the roads. The adjourned meeting of tie good roads men was called to order again last night In the Court House when Commissioner E. J. Watson spoke for about twenty minutes on the importance of having g<>< d roads. He had been unable to come to the meeting In the morning and came over on the afternoon train for a short time t?? say a few words In favor of having good roads and of getting them by means of the bond issue. He stattet! off his address by sav? ing that he had been engaged for the past ten <>r twelve years In the hardest kind of constructive work, ami that he well Knew* the advan? tages to be derived from ^>'??d roads as he had seen them all over Eu rope and this country. Everybody believed In good roads. They wore a marl; of civilisation as much as forests oaths were a mark c?i un? civilized nations. Every civilised nation on earth had tried i?> build good, i? trmanent roads. Xfnevah, Egypt and Home had built these roads; Europe had built a com? plete system over the whole conti? nent. Tiie South co dd not do with? out good roads, if it expected to keep up with other sections of the country and right now it is wasting millions of dollars because of pet id as about saving. Which were not really saving, but extravagances. Competition must be met with competition. The South must set forth the same and additional ad? vantages to other sections, if it expected to be an Important part of the country. He was glad to SSS that Sumter county was (hung things that tended towards the ma? terial progress of the country. He said in regard to the bond is- i I sue that it was a system as old as the government and law itself, lb-* ently a most affective drainage law had been enacted, but when it was desired to | ut it Into operation some of .hose men who would have been benefltted, w ith their narrow idea- rais? ed the cry that it was unconstitutional, and the Attorney General had just found it to be constitutional. The bond issue which was to be Hosted was very small comparatively spe iking and those who paid oat the money would scarcely notice the difference In taxes. The enhance? ment :ri value of property would many times report them for the amount expended In taxes. At the same time the taxes would become lighter year after ye ir after the road were built and when new peo? ple came into this county from other COI ntles. He said that the burdens -n the eoi ntry people were the greatest be? cause they were the ones most ben efitted. lin Marion county the bonds had been put in without reference to the people and no one at all was kicking about the small amount of extra taxes and the good roads that they had to travel over In going about the county. The cost of hauling now iras on an average of -7 cents a ton for one mile. The cost would be reduced Lo eight cents. This meant a saving to the people of the county of many million dollars each year* tie said that in regard to the la? bor leaving the farm, which was one point brought against the building of the roads, that he had found, and he had had much exxperience, that it rather tended to keep the negro on the farm, for those who lived on the farm were accustomed to farm work and would do no other kind. The kind of labor that did the work was the shifting labor that would not tie Itself down to any one place. He hoped that on August 1st the people of the county would go to the polls with the idea that they were putting money into their own pockets when they voted for the bond issue?as they were in reali? ty doing?and make this the banner county of the State when it came to the matter of road building. This was the lirst county to advocate a complete plan whereby they would get a complete system of good roads throughout the whole county and it deserved a great deal of credit if the plan was BUCCessful, hut would be discredited in future if the plan was unsuccessful and the county had to wait ten years to get a coni 1? etc system of good roads. GOOD HOADS PLAN ADVOCATED. How the Fund* for County?Widc System of Good Roads Are to lie Secured. The following concise statement of uovv the funds for the building of a complete system of good roads in Sumter county are to be obtained Will be of interest to the people of the county, who will vote for or against the bond issue on August 1st?showing their desire for good roads and progress or their oppo? sition to good roads, better educat? ion In the rural districts and general progress In the county: A bond issue of $50,000 das al? ready been floated. it is proposed to add to this amount another bond issue of $150,000, making a total of $200,000, to be expended In live years at the rate of $40,000 a year The plan advocated by Mr. Heiser to take- care of the bonds is. I sing the $14,000, already- used by tin' county for road building and main tenance, $7.?ou from the- one mill levy making a t<-tal of $21,500 avail abb- for road purposes. Of this amount the cost of maintenance is estimated at $6,000, the interest on bonds at I 1-2 per cent, is $y,000, and the -inking fund amounts to $?, 500, making a total of $21,500. t Altn or hi inks. Please allow me space through your columns to thank my many friends for tlnir kindness and sympathy through the re< enl illness of my wife. Dr. B. P 1 nnant. SOLID IOK Wool. TARIFF. _ i iH'mocratS und Insargentfl t.ei To? gether un Tentative Plan. Washington, July 2?.?Solid sup porl for the House wool tariff re-* vision bill was pledged in caucus to nighl by th.- Democrats of the Sen? ate. The discussion was devoted large? ly, it is said, to the discovery of in.- parliamentary method of resus? citating the LaFollette wool bill if the Hi.u.-e bill is voted down. The LaFollette bill will be introduced a3 ! a Substitute bill for the House wool bill. Then, if the House hit] meets a similar fate, and efforts. it is said, will be made to reconsider the vote on the House bill, w Ich, if success j) ful, will be followed by reofferir.g the LaFollette measure as a Substitute and by a coalition of the insurgent Itepublcans and Democrats, passing it. This programme is was said to? night, is entirely tentative and de? pendent on the willngnsss of Mr. LaFollette to submit to a sharp modi ficatlon of his measure. The Underwood wool tariff hill had Its first serious consideration in the Senate today. The vote on it was divided. Senator Myers, the new. Democrat member declared he woul< vote for the passage of the bill as it came from the House. Senator Dixon, Republican.. ex? pressed the belief that no WOOf leg? islation should be passed at this ses? sion of Congress, and that the revi-J sfon when taken up. sho ild be based on the forthcoming rope rt of the ta? riff hoard. He declared there was a real "joker" in the wool tariff bill. By permitting Importers to discard all the rough parts of thd fleece, he said, it reduced the actual protection , to American sheep raisers from ict cents to 5 cents. Senator Myers said he was ready to accept the Underwood bill as a fair adjustment of the wool tariff and fa? vored Cungres3 remaining here to vote "on all remedial legislation needed by the people. ITe said "the I interests and trust want Congress to adjourn." He declared that Con? gress had accomplished less in the last four months than "a good board of county commissioner*."*" Sunbeams. The Dele Attorney 'States are the other ? an ' t" in ! The Primrose path of miastlstSJM leads to the divorce court. A dry Sunday is predicted for At? lantic City. Does the ocean shut up on the Sabbath. There were not so many people at Manassas on Friday as there were,N fifty years ago, and they did not hur? ry away as fast. Just as people are learning to fly scientists say it must be swatted. It is hoped that no wicked Bal tlmorean will go out Sunday and mislead the innocent country man in? to selling him beer and flimflamming^l him out of his money. Quick! A little more ice on the cool wave's head and wrists; it'3 warming up. It would he .iust like being Balti? more on the hanks of the Susquehan na! A The "Always in Good Humor" man of the New York Mail says that the golf liar 13 the greatest liar in th; world. What's the matter, don't they go fishing any more In Xew York? We note that it is Mr. Wiley they speak of so highly. '< A Georgia man Who gave up bis bt rth in a Pullman sleeper to an in? valid has been bequeathed $20.000 by the man he accommodated. Here, have our berth. The thirteen new questions Mr. Bryan has asked would indicate that he is also from Missouri ?Baltimore Sun. Mr. Hines may not have done it, hut there seems to have been a time w hen he WOO not averse to having people think he did.?Ptttsburg Dis? patch. Mr. Geo. P, Epperson and family have moved Into their new residence on tin- corner of Main and Warren streets. Th?' vitrified brick fer Main street is being hauled and placed on the sidewalk so aa to be on hand when it is time for them to be laid. The regular monthly meeting of the Home Mission Brigade will meet on Friday afternoon at i> o'clock at the residence of Mrs. W. A. Brown. Baltimore asks to be regarded as a favorite city, though it makes no claim to having any favorite sons.? St. Lou la Time?. "Xobody seems to bo of much prominence In Georgia excepting the Smiths ami the Browns. Where are all the Jones?"?Charleston Post.